Artificial Intelligence

Abstract:
Consciousness is only marginally relevant to artificial intelligence (AI), because to most researchers in the field other
problems seem more pressing. However, there have been proposals for how consciousness would be accounted for in a
complete computational theory of the mind, from theorists such as Dennett, Hofstadter, McCarthy, McDermott, Minsky,
Perlis, Sloman, and Smith. One can extract from these speculations a sketch of a theoretical synthesis, according to which
consciousness is the property a system has by virtue of modeling itself as having sensations and making free decisions.
Critics such as Harnad and Searle have not succeeded in demolishing a priori this or any other computational theory, but
no such theory can be verified or refuted until and unless AI is successful in finding computational solutions of difficult
problems such as vision, language, and locomotion.

Introduction:
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence of machines and the branch of computer science that aims to create it. AI
textbooks define the field as "the study and design of intelligent agents" where an intelligent agent is a system that
perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chances of success. The field was founded on the claim that
a central property of humans, intelligence—the sapience of Homo sapiens—can be so precisely described that it can be
simulated by a machine. This raises philosophical issues about the nature of the mind and the ethics of creating artificial
beings, issues which have been addressed by myth, fiction and philosophy since antiquity. Artificial intelligence has been
the subject of optimism, but has also suffered setbacks and, today, has become an essential part of the technology
industry, providing the heavy lifting for many of the most difficult problems in computer science.
AI research is highly technical and specialized, deeply divided into subfields that often fail to communicate with each
other. Subfields have grown up around particular institutions, the work of individual researchers, the solution of specific
problems, longstanding differences of opinion about how AI should be done and the application of widely differing tools.
The central problems of AI include such traits as reasoning, knowledge, planning, learning, communication, perception
and the ability to move and manipulate objects. General intelligence (or "strong AI") is still among the field's long term
goals

Applications:
Artificial intelligence has been used in a wide range of fields including medical diagnosis, stock trading, robot
control, law, scientific discovery and toys. Robots have become common in many industries
Medical clinic can use artificial intelligence systems to organize bed schedules, make a staff rotation, and provide medical
information.
Banks use artificial intelligence systems to organize operations, invest in stocks, and manage properties
Many thousands of AI applications are deeply embedded in the infrastructure of every industry. In the late 90s and early
21st century, AI technology became widely used as elements of larger systems, but the field is rarely credited for these
successes.

Submitted By:
Team Name: Divine
Team Members:1.Abhishek Kumar (656/08)
2. Rohit Kumar (663/08)
Institute Name: NIT Patna
Email id:rohitnitp@gmail.com