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1. The role of repressed childhood conflicts in personality disorders is most clearly emphasized by the ________
perspective.

A. trait

B. social-cognitive

C. psychoanalytic 100% That is correct!

D. humanistic

2. During a phone call to the Psychic Network, Mark was told that ³you often worry about things much more than
you admit, even to your best friends.´ Mark¶s amazement at the psychic¶s apparent understanding of his personality
best illustrates

A. the spotlight effect.

B. an external locus of control.

C. the Barnum effect. 100% That is correct!

D. the self-reference phenomenon.

3. One of the Big Five personality factors is

A. reciprocal determinism.

B. self-actualization.

C. agreeableness. 100% That is correct!

D. psychoanalysis.

4. Sarah¶s optimism is both a contributor to and a product of her successful career accomplishments. This best
illustrates

A. self-serving bias.

B. reciprocal determinism. 100% That is correct!

C. unconditional positive regard.

D. the spotlight effect.

V. Marcy believes that the outcome of athletic contests depends so much on luck that it hardly pays to put any effort
into her own athletic training. Her belief most clearly illustrates

A. the spotlight effect.

B. the Barnum effect.

C. the false consensus effect.

D. an external locus of control. 100% That is correct!

6. Although she is intelligent and a good athlete, Abigail believes that her low grades in school and losing the
quarter-mile race are reflections of her own intellectual and athletic incompetence. Her conclusion best illustrates

A. the false consensus effect.

B. reciprocal determinism.

C. the spotlight effect.

D. a pessimistic attributional style. 100% That is correct!

7. When Vanessa noticed that she was wearing mismatched socks, she overestimated the extent to which others
would also notice. Her reaction best illustrates

A. the spotlight effect. 100% That is correct!

B. defensive self-esteem.

C. reciprocal determinism.

D. the Barnum effect.

8. Jaydon doesn¶t realize that his alcohol abuse and neglect of his family is leading to the destruction of both his
family and career. A psychoanalyst would suggest that Jaydon shows signs of a

A. strong ego.

B. weak id.

C. strong superego.

D. weak ego. 100% That is correct!

. Freud suggested that adults with a passive personality marked by a childlike dependency demonstrate signs of

A. an oral fixation. 100% That is correct!

B. an inferiority complex.

C. reaction formation.

D. an Oedipus complex.

10. Bryce often acts so daring and overly confident that few people realize he is actually riddled with unconscious
insecurity and self-doubt. Bryce best illustrates the use of a defense mechanism known as

A. regression.

B. projection.

C. displacement.

D. reaction formation. 100% That is correct!

11. Carl Jung emphasized the importance of ________ in personality functioning.

A. inferiority feelings

B. psychosexual stages

C. the collective unconscious 100% That is correct!

D. unconditional positive regard

12. Hermann Rorschach introduced what has become the most widely used ________ test.

A. empirically derived

B. self-esteem

C. factor analytic

D. projective 100% That is correct!

13. Abraham Maslow suggested that individuals who are open, spontaneous, and not paralyzed by others¶ opinions
illustrate

A. extraversion.

B. reaction formation.

C. self-actualization. 100% That is correct!

D. an external locus of control.

14. Humanistic psychology has been most closely associated with an emphasis on the importance of

A. empirically derived tests.

B. reciprocal determinism.

C. a positive self-concept. 100% That is correct!

D. an external locus of control.

1V. Which technique would psychologists use to assess whether a cluster of characteristics that includes ambition,
determination, persistence, and self-reliance reflects a single personality trait?

A. projective testing

B. factor analysis 100% That is correct!

C. empirically derived testing

D. free association