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In the recent years, Women have taken a bold step to come out
of their traditional domestic occupation to take up jobs out of homes.
Today, the entrepreneurial world is also open to the womenfolk
(Murthy. C.S.V, 2002).
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considered entirely male occupation and professions in the past. They
have proved their worth everywhere, but the battle is yet to be won.
They are facing constraints both “Inside” and “Outside”
(Pandey. S.K, 1996).
“In order to play her full and destined role in world affairs, in
the solution of conflict by non-violence means, Women must extend
their hearts and interests beyond the narrow confines of their homes
and family and embrace the whole humanity” (Pandey. S.K ,1996).
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derived from a French root which means to ‘undertake’
(Kotler, 2002).
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Today Women in advanced market economies own more than
25% of all businesses and Women – owned businesses in Africa, Asia,
Eastern Europe and Latin America are growing rapidly. In some
regions of the world, transformation to market economy, Women
Entrepreneur is a growing trend (Eswaran et al, 2002).
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OBJECTIVES
Hence the present study was carried out with the following
objectives
To assess the Nutritional status of Women Entrepreneurs by
means of
Anthropometric Measurements,
Biochemical Tests,
Clinical signs and symptoms,
Dietary patterns.
To assess the Socio – Economic Status of Women Entrepreneurs.
To assess the Occupational Health problem and Work details of
Women Entrepreneurs.
To create awareness on health, nutrition among Women
Entrepreneurs through Nutrition Education.
To assess the impact of Nutrition Education.
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REVIEW OF LITERATURE
WOMEN IN INDIA
The status of Women in India has been subject to many great
changes over the past few millennia. From equal status with men in
ancient times through the low points of the medieval period, to the
promotion of equal rights by many reformers, the history of women in
India has been eventful. (Jayapalan et.al., 2001)
In modern India, women have adorned high offices in India
including that of the President, Prime minister, Speaker of the Lok
Sabha, Leader of Opposition, etc. The current President of India is a
woman (www.wikipedia.com)
The Literature pertaining to the present study entitled
“Assessment of Nutritional status of Women Entrepreneurs
involved in Food processing” is reviewed under the following
headings.
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4rd Successful Women Entrepreneur - Rajashree Birla
Rajashree Birla is a successful woman entrepreneur and
chairperson of Aditya Birla Centre for Community and rural
development. Her focus is on the all-round development of the
communities around our plants located mostly in distant rural areas
and tribal belts. All our Group companies Grasim, Hindalco, Aditya
Birla Nuvo, Indo Gulf and UltraTech have Rural Development Cells
which are the implementation bodies (www.svtuition.org).
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class, since it is assumed that this status affects life chances in
numerous ways. (www.sociologyindex.com).
According to Romila pruthi (2001) “Though the constitution of
India provides equal rights and privileges for men and women and
makes special provisions for women to improve their status in society,
strong patriarchal traditions are followed and continue in India for
several years and womens lives are shaped by social customs. The
need to bring women into the mainstream of development has been a
national concern, since independent and their status has improved in
the last few decades with the implementation of several developmental
policies, plans and programmes”.
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Usha Jumani (2001) conducted a study to analyse the status of
self employed Women in rural areas. Economic activities through
which the income of the women will be increased have to be identified
with great care. They have to be in consonance with time availability
with family roles and their awareness levels.
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According to MC Ewen BS (2006) “Prolonged psychological
stress of Women Entrepreneurs may negatively impact health and has
been cited as a factor in cognitive impairment with ageing, depressive
illness and expression of disease”.
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Finally a womens healthy affects the household economic well being,
as a women in poor health will be less productive in the labor force”.
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OBESITY
BREAST CANCER
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POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN DISEASE
ANAEMIA
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prevalence of anaemia among women is due to the poor Socio
Economic conditions and eating habits. (Sidramshettar, 2002).
DIABETES
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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS OF WOMEN
ENTREPRENEUR
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developed countries show that sources of stress in women’s lives are
more diverse and diffuse than those experienced by men. A number of
factors cause stress among working women”.
Carol S Coonrod (2008) stated that “Low back pain does not
signify poor quality of individuals life, but also showed decreased in
labour productivity due to offwork, absenteenism and early retirement.
About 11.6% out of 2600 populations in a semirural area, malaysia
were diagnosed with low back pain”.
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Fat: In the diets of adults in India, about 20% energy may be derived
from fats. 10-20g of fat per day depending upon the level of calories
consumed. (Antia, F.P., 2002)
Iron: Iron requirement for women is 2 mg higher than man. Iron loss
through menstruation in women of reproductive age groups are 0.6
mg/day on an average, when spread over the whole month.
(Swaminathan, M., 1998)
Vitamin D: Aim for between 400 and 1,000 IU daily. You can get
Vitamin D from about half an hour of direct exposure to sunlight, and
also from foods and supplements. Salmon is an excellent source of
vitamin D. Other good sources include shrimp, vitamin-D fortified
milk, cod, and eggs.
(David A Bender, 2002)
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Zinc – this nutrient is needed to maintain the health of cells. Taking
iron supplements may interfere with the absorption of zinc so women
taking iron supplements should continue to eat iron-rich foods, which
are also a good source of zinc. (Judith E Brown., et al., 2010)
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facility, lack of time for household work, non availability of raw
material, heavy schedule and lack of time for rest and slap leading to
mental tension and fatigue (Badi N.V., et al, 2005)
RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS
TIMELINE
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• 1879: John Elliot Drinkwater Bethune established the
Bethune School in 1849, which developed into the Bethune
College in 1879, thus becoming the first women's college in
India.
• 1883: Chandramukhi Basu and Kadambini Ganguly became
the first female graduates of India and the British Empire.
• 1905: Suzanne RD Tata becomes the first Indian woman to
drive a car.
• 1917: Annie Besant became the first female president of the
Indian National Congress.
• 1925: Sarojini Naidu became the first Indian born female
president of the Indian National Congress.
• 1951: Prem Mathur of the Deccan Airways becomes the first
Indian women commercial pilot.
• 1953: Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit became the first woman (and
first Indian) president of the United Nations General Assembly.
• 1963: Sucheta Kriplani became the Chief Minister of Uttar
Pradesh, the first woman to hold that position in any Indian
state.
• 1966: Indira Gandhi becomes the first woman Prime Minister
of India.
• 1970: Kamaljit Sandhu becomes the first Indian woman to win
a Gold in the Asian Games.
• 1972: Kiran Bedi becomes the first female recruit to join the
Indian Police Service.
• 1979: Mother Teresa wins the Nobel Peace Prize, becoming
the first Indian female citizen to do so.
• 1984: On May 23, Bachendri Pal became the first Indian
woman to climb Mount Everest.
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• 1989: Justice M. Fathima Beevi becomes the first woman
judge of the Supreme Court of India.
• 1997: Kalpana Chawla becomes the first India-born woman to
go into space.
• 2000: Karnam Malleswari became the first Indian woman to
win an Olympic medal (bronze medal in the 2000 Summer
Olympics at Sydney)
• 2007: Pratibha Patil becomes the first woman President of
India.
• 2009: Meira Kumar became the first woman Speaker of Lok
Sabha, the lower house in Indian Parliament.
(www.wikipedia.com)
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