EXERCISES

Chapter 1: The World through Our Senses ( Dunia Melalui Deria Kita )

1.1 Understanding the sensory organs and their functions ( Organ deria dan Fungsinya )

1 State five sensory organs in human.

(Nyatakan 5 organ deria manusia)

2 What is the type of stimulus received by eyes?

(Apakah jenis ransangan yang diterima oleh mata?)

3 What is the stimulus received by nose and tongue?

(Apakah ransangan yang diterima oleh hidung dan lidah?)

4 State four stimuli that can be detected by skin.

(Nyatakan 4 ransangan yang boleh dikesan oleh kulit)

5 What are represented by the symbols X and Y for the path of an impulse below,
after a stimulus is received by the skin?
(Apakah yang diwakili oleh simbol X dan Y untuk aliran impuls dibawah setelah ransangan
diterima oleh kulit?)

Stimulus → X → Nerve → Y → Nerve → Effector(muscle)

[ransangan → X → saraf → Y → saraf → efektor(otot) ]
1.2 Understanding the sense of touch ( Deria sentuhan )

1 What are receptors X and Y?

(Apakah reseptor X dan Y?)

2 State the type of receptor that is located in the fat layer of the skin.
(Nyatakan jenis reseptor yang terdapat pada lapisan lemak didalam kulit)

3 State the type of receptor that is located in the epidermis of the skin.
(Nyatakan jenis ransangan yang terdapat didalam epidermis kulit)

4 State two factors that affect the sensitivity of the skin.

(Nyatakan 2 faktor yang mempengaruhi kepekaan kulit)

5 Explain why lips are sensitive to touch.

(Terangkan mengapa bibir sangat peka terhadap ransangan sentuhan?)

6 Explain why elbows are not sensitive to touch.

(Terangkan mengapa lutut tidak peka terhadap ransangan sentuhan?)
1.3 Understanding the sense of smell ( Deria bau )

1 What is the sensory organ for smell?

(Apakah organ deria bau?)

2 State the receptors in nose which can detect smell.

(Nyatakan reseptor yang mengesan bau)

3 Where is the location of the smell receptors in nose?

(Dimana terletaknya reseptor yang peka terhadap ransangan bau?)

4 What is represented by X in the smell pathway below?

(Apakah yang diwakili oleh simbol X didalam lintasan bau dibawah?)

Chemical
in the air impulse
(bahan X Brain
kimia di (otak)
udara)

5 Explain why when we have a flu, the nose cannot function well.
(Terangkan mengapa hidung tidak berfungsi dengan baik semasa kita menghidapi selesema?)
1.4 Understanding the sense of taste ( Deria Rasa )

1 State four tastes that can be detected by our tongue.

(Nyatakan 4 rasa yang boleh dikesan oleh lidah?)

2 Answer the following questions based on the diagram given.

(Jawab soalan berikut berdasarkan gambarajah yang diberi)

(a) State the taste that P, Q, R and S are sensitive to.

(Nyatakan jenis rasa dimana P,Q,R dan S peka terhadapnya)

(b) Determine the areas, P, Q, R or S, which are sensitive to the following

substances.
(Tentukan bahagian P,Q,R atau S yang peka terhadap contoh-contoh makanan berikut)

(i) Honey(madu) : (v) Vinegar(cuka) :

(ii) Medicine(ubat) : (vi) Sugar(gula) :
(iii) Salt(garam) : (vii) Bile(jus hempedu) :
(iv) Lime(limau) : (viii) Sea water(air laut) :

3 What is the relationship between the sense of taste and the sense of smell?
(Apakah perkaitan diantara deria rasa dan deria bau?)
1.5 Understanding the sense of hearing ( Deria pendengaran )

1 What is the sensory organ for hearing?

(Apakah organ deria untuk pendengaran?)

2 What is the structure of the ear that vibrates when it is hit by sound waves?
(Apakah struktur telinga yang bergetar apabila gelombang bunyi terkena padanya?)

3 Name the structure of the ear that amplify sound vibrations.

(Namakan struktur telinga yang memperkuatkan getaran bunyi?)

4 Name the structure of the ear that detects vibration and changes it into nerve
impulses.
(Namakan struktur telinga yang mengesan getaran dan menukarnya kepada impuls saraf)

5 State two structures of ears that do not play any part in hearing.
(Nyatakan 2 struktur telinga yang tidak memainkan apa-apa peranan didalam mekanisme pendengaran?)

6 Name the structure of the ear that sends nerve impulses to the brain.
(Namakan struktur telinga yang menghantar impuls safar ke otak?)

7 Name the structure of the ear that balances the air pressure on both sides of
the ear.
(Namakan struktur telinga yang menyamakan tekanan udara dikedua-dua belah telinga?)
8 Name the structures of the ear that controls balance in the body.
(Namakan struktur telinga yang mengawal keseimbangan badan?)

9 Name the structure of the ear that collects and directs sound waves into the
ear.
(Namakan struktur telinga yang mengumpul dan mengarahkan gelombang bunyi ke dalam telinga?)

10 Name the structure of the ear that channels sound waves to the eardrum.
(Namakan struktur telinga yang menyalurkan gelombang bunyi ke gegendang telinga?)