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User Guide
MonacoPROFILER User Guide
Printed in the U.S.A. ©2003 Monaco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Ver. 4.6 February, 2003
This document contains proprietary information of Monaco Systems, Inc. No part of this manual may be reproduced or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any pur-
pose, without the express written permission of Monaco Systems, Inc. The software, which includes information con-
tained in any databases, described in this document is furnished under a license agreement or nondisclosure agreement
and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the agreement. It is against the law to copy the software
except as specifically allowed in the license or nondisclosure agreement. Information in this document is subject to
change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Monaco Systems.
All brand or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders.
Monaco Systems, Inc. • 100 Burtt Road • Andover, MA 01810 • www.monacosys.com PANTONE®, Hexachrome® and
other Pantone, Inc. trademarks are the property of Pantone, Inc.
2
Congratulations
Congratulations
• MonacoPROFILER CD
• MonacoPROFILER User Guide
• IT8 Reflective 5x7 target
• Registration Card
• Software Protection Key (dongle)
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MonacoPROFILER User Guide
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Table of Contents
Contents
Congratulations........................................................... 3
MonacoPROFILER Package Components .....................3
Product Registration and Support ..................................4
Using the Documentation ...............................................4
1 Installation ............................................................... 9
Minimum System Requirements.....................................9
Software Installation ......................................................10
Installing the Software Protection Key..........................10
2 About MonacoPROFILER ................................... 11
Gold vs. Platinum Editions ............................................12
What You Need To Get Started.....................................12
Quick Start to Using MonacoPROFILER .....................13
3 Creating CRT Profiles .......................................... 15
CRT Profile Basics ..........................................................15
Before You Begin............................................................16
Step 1: Select Device ......................................................17
Step 2: Adjust Monitor..................................................19
Step 3: Measure Lightest Black .....................................21
Step 4: Measure Darkest Black......................................22
Step 5: Set Brightness ....................................................23
Step 6: Measure Display ................................................24
Step 7: Set White Point and Gamma............................25
Step 8: Create Profile .....................................................26
4 Creating LCD Profiles .......................................... 27
LCD Profile Basics..........................................................27
Before You Begin............................................................28
Step 1: Select Device ......................................................29
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Table of Contents
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Installation
1 Installation
This chapter provides a list of minimum system require-
ments and installation instructions. In addition to a mea-
surement device (see Chapter 2 for a list of supported devices),
you will need the following:
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Software Installation
See the Release Notes on the CD for the most up-to-date
installation instructions.
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About MonacoPROFILER
2 About MonacoPROFILER
MonacoPROFILER is software that enables you to build ICC-
compliant profiles for input devices, monitors, and output
devices. It also offers a software module that allows you to edit
output profiles to suit your individual color needs.
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• X-Rite Spectrofiler
• Spectrostar Spectrocam
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About MonacoPROFILER
You can create profiles for your devices in any order. We rec-
ommend you start with your monitor profile, then input and
output profiles.
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Creating CRT Profiles
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1. Turn your monitor on, and let it warm up for at least one
hour prior to calibrating your display.
2. Clean your CRT (cathode ray tube) screen with a soft,
lint-free cloth and a mild glass cleaner. DO NOT use
household glass cleaners. They can damage the display
surface. Use only cleaners manufactured for monitor dis-
plays. DO NOT spray cleaner directly onto the monitor
screen. Any liquid that seeps into the monitor case could
damage the electronics.
3. Clean the suction cup(s) on the colorimeter using a damp
lint-free cloth. Dust on a cup can cause the colorimeter to
loose suction during the measurement process.
4. Check the current bit depth setting for your monitor. If
necessary, change the display to maximum bit depth.
5. Set your room lighting to the level you typically use when
evaluating images. Avoid bright lights; they may affect the
profiling process. If you are creating a profile to use when
evaluating images for press, turn the room lighting off
with the exception of your viewing booth. In this manner
you replicate the conditions you use to evaluate proofs.
6. Set your desktop pattern to a medium gray or as close to
neutral as possible.
7. Do not use other calibration or gamma correction soft-
ware with MonacoPROFILER, or software functionality
may be impaired. Remove any other monitor calibration
or gamma correction software from your system.
• Macintosh: If using a version of Adobe Photoshop that
includes the Adobe Gamma Control Panel, disable it.
• Windows: If you are using Adobe Photoshop, uninstall
the Adobe Gamma Loader, from you system. Do not
remove the Adobe Gamma Control Panel.
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Creating CRT Profiles
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If you are using a Windows video card that does not support
WINDOWS color table correction, you may receive the following message:
“Your display device or driver does not support color
table correction. Please continue and the program will
build a monitor profile that can be applied in an ICC
compliant application.”
Continue building your profile. Your operating system
cannot use the profile for system-wide calibration. How-
ever, you can still apply the profile within an ICC compli-
ant application, such as Photoshop 5.0 or later. This will
ensure the accurate display of color in those applications.
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Creating CRT Profiles
1. Adjust Contrast:
Using your monitor’s contrast control, set the contrast to
the maximum (100%) setting.
2. Adjust White Point:
Using the controls on the front of your monitor or in the soft-
ware associated with your monitor, adjust your monitor’s
white point setting to your preferred viewing conditions.
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Creating CRT Profiles
1. Position Sensor:
Using the appropriate holder and method for your mea-
surement device, attach the device over the image dis-
played on the screen.
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1. Adjust Brightness:
With the colorimeter still in position, use your monitor’s
brightness control to set the brightness to the minimum
(0%) setting. The contrast setting should remain at 100%.
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Creating CRT Profiles
2. Set Brightness:
Using your monitor’s brightness control, adjust the
brightness until the bar in the graph falls within the
Good range.
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Creating CRT Profiles
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Creating LCD Profiles
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1. Turn your monitor on, and let it warm up for at least one
hour prior to calibrating your display.
2. Configure the colorimeter for use with LCDs.
Caution: Suction cup attachments are not designed for
use with LCD display surfaces. Using a suction cup
device will damage the display. Only use device attach-
ments which are designed for LCDs.
3. Check the current bit depth setting for your monitor. If
necessary, change the display to maximum bit depth.
4. Set your room lighting to the level you typically use when
evaluating images. Avoid bright lights; they may affect the
profiling process. If you are creating a profile to use when
evaluating images for press, turn the room lighting off
with the exception of your viewing booth. In this manner
you replicate the conditions you use to evaluate proofs.
5. Set your desktop pattern to a light gray or as close to neu-
tral as possible.
6. Do not use other calibration or gamma correction soft-
ware with MonacoPROFILER, or software functionality
may be impaired. Remove any other monitor calibration
or gamma correction software from your system.
• Macintosh: If using a version of Adobe Photoshop that
includes the Adobe Gamma Control Panel, disable it.
• Windows: If you are using Adobe Photoshop, uninstall
the Adobe Gamma Loader, from you system. Do not
remove the Adobe Gamma Control Panel.
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Creating LCD Profiles
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If you are using a Windows video card that does not support
WINDOWS color table correction, you may receive the following message:
“Your display device or driver does not support color
table correction. Please continue and the program will
build a monitor profile that can be applied in an ICC
compliant application.”
Continue building your profile. Your operating system
cannot use the profile for system-wide calibration. How-
ever, you can still apply the profile within an ICC compli-
ant application, such as Photoshop 5.0 or later. This will
ensure the accurate display of color in those applications.
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Creating LCD Profiles
1. Adjust Contrast:
Set your monitor’s contrast to the maximum (100%) set-
ting. Note: Some monitors do not allow user adjustments.
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Creating LCD Profiles
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Creating LCD Profiles
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1. Adjust Brightness:
With the colorimeter still in position, use your monitor’s
brightness control to set the brightness to the minimum
(0%) setting. The contrast setting should remain at the set-
ting selected in Step 4.
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Creating LCD Profiles
2. Set Brightness:
Using your monitor’s brightness control, adjust the
brightness until the bar in the graph falls within the
Good range.
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Creating LCD Profiles
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Creating Scanner Profiles
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Creating Scanner Profiles
All input targets are used in the same manner. The target is
scanned or captured and the individual patch values are
compared to the values in the target’s corresponding refer-
ence file. The reference file is a numeric representation of the
colors in the input target. Reference files and input targets are
manufactured in matched sets. If you use an incorrect refer-
ence file, the application will create an inaccurate profile.
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Creating Scanner Profiles
2. Choose the input target you will use to profile your input
device from the Choose an input target list.
For more information on input targets, see About Input
Targets, earlier in this chapter.
REFERENCE FILE 3. Locate and open the reference file that matches your tar-
LOCATIONS: get from the Choose a reference file list, then click the
next (>) button to continue.
Macintosh: System
Folder: Application Sup- For more information on choosing reference files, see
port: Monaco:IT8 Targets
About Input Targets, earlier in this chapter.
Mac OS X: /Library/ If you do not see the reference file for your target, it may not
Application Support/
Monaco/IT8 Targets be stored in the proper location. If you purchased a transpar-
ency target or are using some other manufacturer’s target,
Windows: Program you should have received a matching reference file. Place the
Files \Monaco Systems\ matching reference file in the proper location for your plat-
MonacoPROFILER\Pref-
erences form (see sidebar). MonacoPROFILER automatically
defaults to this location. If you prefer to store the reference
file in another location, navigate to it by selecting Other...
from the Choose a reference file list.
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Creating Scanner Profiles
3. When all crop marks have been placed, click the next button.
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Eps_800_0102
Delta E
The Create Profile window displays the Average Delta E values
for your profile.
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Creating Scanner Profiles
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Creating Digital Camera Profiles
• MonacoPROFILER program
• Input target
• Digital camera
• Controlled lighting
• Subject to be photographed
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Creating Digital Camera Profiles
If you own a supported target, be sure you also have the match-
ing reference file for the target and store it in the correct loca-
tion for your platform:
Macintosh: System Folder:Application Support:Monaco:
IT8 Targets
Mac OS X: /Library/Application Support/Monaco/IT8 Targets
Windows: Program Files\Monaco Systems\Monaco
PROFILER\Preferences
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Creating Digital Camera Profiles
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Creating Digital Camera Profiles
3. When all crop marks have been placed, click the next button.
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DC_CaD30_012902
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Creating Digital Camera Profiles
3. Adjust Lightness:
When the Create Profile window reappears, adjust the
Lightness setting if desired and save another profile.
The Lightness slider effectively changes the exposure used
to shoot the scene. Using multiple profiles to alter the
exposure or bracket the scene saves memory by not
requiring numerous shots of the scene.
4. When the Create Profile window reappears, click the home
or next (>) button to return to the main program window
or, close the program.
Delta E Values
The Create Profile window displays the Average Delta E values
for your profile.
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Creating Output Profiles
• MonacoPROFILER program
• Layout or imaging application for printing patch layouts
• Calibrated spectrophotometer for measuring color patches
• Media/stock for which you are creating the profile
• Output device being profiled
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Creating Output Profiles
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NOTE: Not all stock sizes are available for all measurement
devices.
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All devices use the Read Linear Patches window to display the
expected and actual Lab values and corresponding curves of
the linearization test patches as they are measured.
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Creating Output Profiles
Hand-held Devices
If you are using a hand-held GretagMacbeth Spectrolino,
X-Rite Digital Swatchbook (DTP22), or hand-held, the Read
Linear Patches window prompts you to measure individual
patches by highlighting the correct patch to measure.
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If you measure an incor- 1. The software highlights the column of patches to be mea-
rect column, highlight sured. Slide the sheet into the device so the lead arrow of the
the correct column in currently highlighted column is under the center line.
the Read Linear Patches
window by clicking on it, 2. Take measurements. When the measurements are com-
realign the strip to the
correct column and pleted, the Read Linear Patches window displays the mea-
begin remeasuring. sured patches and the corresponding density values.
3. Reposition the sheet so the lead arrow of the currently
highlighted column is under the center line.
4. Take measurements. When the measurements are com-
pleted, the Read Linear Patches window displays the mea-
sured patches and the corresponding density values.
5. Continue with the above procedure. When all patches
have been read, click the next (>) button to continue.
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Creating Output Profiles
Before taking measure- 1. Position the target on the scan plate. The software auto-
ments, check the Spec- matically highlights the first column of patches to be
trocam calibration and measured and displays the patch coordinates.
recalibrate if necessary
using the Device 2. Position the scan ruler over the first column of patches.
Options option.
Each column and row on the printed target is numbered
and lettered.
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HINT: If you have trou- 4. Occasionally the measurement device misreads the white
ble successfully using space between patches and collects incorrect patch data.
the Spectrocam, you To ensure all patches are measured correctly, visually
can adjust the scan rate
by clicking the Device compare the sets of split patches in the Read Linear
Options button and Patches window. Both sides of each split set should appear
adjusting the Scanning similar in color. If necessary, rescan any incorrect patches
Speed slider. before beginning a new column.
5. Continue the process by repositioning the scan ruler over
the next column highlighted by the software and repeat
the procedure.
6. When all columns have been read, click the next (>) but-
ton to continue.
Scanning Speed
Adjust the rate of scan by using the Scanning Speed slider.
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Creating Output Profiles
White Calibration
To calibrate the Spectrocam without leaving the program:
1. Click Calibrate.
2. Position the Spectrocam measurement head over the ref-
erence white tile in the Reference Target that you received
with the device, and click Continue.
Diagnostics
To check for problems with the Spectrocam without leaving
the program:
1. Click Diagnose/Fix.
2. Position the Spectrocam measurement head over the ref-
erence white tile in the Reference Target that you received
with the device, and click Continue.
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Creating Output Profiles
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Highlighted column of
patches to be measured
Display actual and
expected color samples
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Hand-held Devices
If you are using a hand-held GretagMacbeth Spectrolino, X-
Rite Digital Swatchbook (DTP22), or hand-held Spectrocam,
the Read Patches window prompts you to measure individual
patches by highlighting the correct patch to measure.
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If you measure an incor- 1. The software highlights the column of patches to be mea-
rect column, highlight sured. Slide the sheet into the device so the lead arrow of the
the correct column in currently highlighted column is under the center line.
the Read Patches win-
dow by clicking on it, 2. Take measurements. When the measurements are com-
realign the strip to the
correct column and pleted, the Read Patches window displays the measured
begin remeasuring. patches and the corresponding Lab values.
3. Reposition the sheet so the lead arrow of the currently
highlighted column is under the center line.
4. Take measurements. When the measurements are com-
pleted, the Read Patches window displays the measured
patches and the corresponding Lab values.
5. Continue with the above procedure. When all patches
have been read, click the next (>) button to continue.
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Creating Output Profiles
Before taking measure- 1. Position the target on the scan plate. The Read Patches
ments, check the Spec- window highlights the first column of patches to be mea-
trocam’s calibration and sured and displays the patch coordinates.
recalibrate if necessary
by clicking on Device 2. Position the scan ruler over the first column of patches.
Options.
Each column and row on the printed target is numbered
and lettered.
Highlighted column of
patches to be measured
Patch coordinates of
highlighted column Calibrates
device
Display actual and
expected color samples
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Scanning Speed
Adjust the rate of scan by using the Scanning Speed slider.
White Calibration
To calibrate the Spectrocam without leaving the program:
1. Click Calibrate.
2. Position the Spectrocam measurement head over the ref-
erence white tile in the Reference Target that you received
with the device, and click Continue.
Diagnostics
To check for problems with the Spectrocam without leaving
the program:
1. Click Diagnose/Fix.
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Creating Output Profiles
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Creating Output Profiles
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Creating Output Profiles
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Perceptual Tab
Use the Perceptual tab options to compensate for the color
of the paper you are using to build the profile and to adjust
contrast and saturation output in the profile.
1. If you desire to neutralize the paper color that you are using
to build the profile, adjust the Neutralize Gray Axis slider.
The Neutralize Gray Axis option adds ink to compensate
for the paper color used to build the profile and ensures
the lightest points in an image appear as gray neutral
rather than the tint of the actual paper.
2. Select a Contrast and Saturation setting if desired.
The Contrast and Satu- The Contrast and Saturation settings affect how out-of-
ration sliders only affect gamut colors are compressed to fit within the printable
the Perceptual render- gamut of your output device. When standard compres-
ing intent. Other render-
ing intents are not sion occurs (using the Perceptual rendering intent), all
affected. colors are proportionally shifted to make room for out-
of-gamut colors. This method of compression, while pre-
serving the relationship between colors, may over-com-
press or under-compress a source gamut, depending on
the size of the target gamut.
For example, when using an output device with a small
gamut, such as a newsprint press, standard compression
may not be sufficient to optimally remap all out-of-
gamut colors into the target gamut. Further compression
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Eps_850_Gloss_720_0102
Epson printer model 850 glossy paper 720 dpi Jan. 2002
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Data Averaging
MonacoPROFILER allows you to average patch data to create
a profile that reflects the overall performance of a device over
time. Color patch averaging is most often used when profil-
ing printing presses that cannot maintain consistent quality.
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Updating Output Profiles
• Re-linearize
The Re-linearize option captures and stores new lineariza-
tion measurements for your output device. The measure-
ments are used by the program to compensate for changes
in colorants, room humidity, or other factors that may
have caused your output device to drift over time.
You can only re-linearize output profiles that were linear-
ized when originally created.
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• MonacoPROFILER program
• output profile being re-linearized
• your measurement device
• your output device
• media used to create the original profile
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Updating Output Profiles
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Updating Output Profiles
The View Graph option has two modes. Use the View Differ-
ence mode to view the difference between the new measure-
ments and original measurements, and the View Current
Data mode to display only the new linearization measure-
ments.
You can turn off any particular curve by clicking on its name
in the header.
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Updating Output Profiles
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Editing Output Profiles
• MonacoPROFILER program
• the output profile you desire to edit***
• the output device associated with the profile
• a profiled monitor (optional)
• a controlled viewing environment
*** The Selective Color option is only available when editing the
Inverse transform in RGB or CMYK output profiles that were
originally created with a Monaco Systems profiling product.
Editing Basics
Create a profile for your output device using the Output
option. Print some images using the profile. If you determine
the profile’s rendering of color is not meeting your expecta-
tions, return to MonacoPROFILER and use the Editor
option to edit the profile.
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Editing Output Profiles
Monitor
Profile
Output Profile
B2An (Inverse)
Lab
A2Bn (Forward)
Output Device
Profile Connection
Space (PCS)
The image data, now in the color space of the output device,
is passed to the printer. In order to accurately preview the
image before it prints, the image data is transformed from
device space back to the PCS using the Forward or A2Bn
transform, and finally passed through the monitor profile to
the display.
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Editing Output Profiles
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MonacoPROFILER for When you open a sample image, the program automatically
Windows requires defaults to the profiles currently selected in the Default Pro-
Monaco Gamma file Preferences dialog box (Windows), and the Display and
(included as part of
MonacoPROFILER) ColorSync control panels (Macintosh). If you created or
to properly use monitor acquired the sample image using a different profile, you can
profiles created with change the input profile for the image in the Editor window.
MonacoPROFILER.
To configure the Default Profile Preferences dialog box:
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Editing Output Profiles
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Editing Output Profiles
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Image editing
window containing
sample image
Image magnification
Open
Previous Magnify or Display Single Edit lightness Title bar displaying
Window reduce image or Split image and saturation “Image name - profile name”
Move image in Identify or Display color Edit output Edit colors selectively
editing window sample color information curves (RGB & CMYK
values profiles only)
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Editing Output Profiles
NOTE: The Editor option If you do use your own image as a visual reference when edit-
does not support DCS ing an output profile, we recommend it be captured using a
format sample images.
profiled high-end device. Use the device profile as your
source or image profile in the profile editing window.
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Editing Output Profiles
A2B1
Forward table Colorimetric rendering Intent
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When viewing the split view, the Before image, on the left,
displays the sample image with the original output profile
applied. Use the Before image to evaluate how the original
profile is currently rendering color.
The After image, on the right, displays the same image with any
edits you’ve made to the profile applied to the image. Use the
After image to evaluate how your color edits are affecting the pro-
file. In the single image view, only the After image is displayed.
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Editing Output Profiles
When you save the edited profile, the changes you make are
saved in the profile, not in the sample image file. To apply and
save the changes to the sample image, select File>Save Image.
To increase magnification:
Macintosh: Click the Magnifying Glass icon and click on the
sample image. Each click increases magnification. Alterna-
tively, you can choose a percent magnification from the Mag-
nification list located in the lower-left corner of the editing
window.
Windows: Select the Magnifying Glass icon and click on the
sample image, or right-click the mouse and select a setting.
To decrease magnification:
Macintosh: Click the Magnifying Glass icon and
Option>click on the sample image. Each click decreases
magnification. Alternatively, you can choose a percent mag-
nification from the Magnification list located in the lower-
left corner of the editing window.
Windows: Select the Magnifying Glass icon, Alt-click on the
sample image or right-click the mouse and select a setting.
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Editing Output Profiles
color using the Eyedropper tool, position the cursor over the
sample image and click the mouse.
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Adjusting Lightness
Use the Lightness curve to selectively adjust the L attribute in
the Lab connection space. Adjusting the L curve adjusts tonal
relationships without affecting color balance. The curve as
presented is linear, with input equaling output. If you are
editing both Forward and Inverse tables, a curve for each
table will appear.
Curve increasing
overall lightness
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Editing Output Profiles
Adjusting Saturation
Use the Saturation curve to selectively adjust the color rela-
tionships in the sample image. The curve represents the a
and b color attributes in the Lab connection space. The curve
as presented is linear, with input equaling output. Less satu-
rated colors are located at the bottom of the curve, with
highly saturated colors at the top. If you are editing both For-
ward and Inverse tables, a curve for each table will appear.
Curve increasing
saturation in lower Curve increasing
saturated colors. overall saturation.
Curve decreasing
Curve decreasing saturation in highly
overall saturation saturated colors.
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Macintosh:
One or both of
the tables can be
viewed by toggling
the expand icon.
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NOTE: The Selective Color The Desired Color is identified by sampling values in the
option is only available sample image, adjusting the Lab or LCh sliders to select a
when editing the Inverse
table of RGB and CMYK color, or using a measurement device to capture exact values
profiles. and entering values in the Lab fields.
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Editing Output Profiles
A C
B
D F
E G
K
H
I
M
N
L
Use... To...
A New edit a new color
B Delete delete the current color
C Edit List displays the name of the current edit, or
select a previously edited color to edit
D Desired Color identify a color to change by using the
sliders/value fields Lab sliders or entering Lab values
E Desired Color sample view a color sample of the Desired Color
F Printed Color sample identify a replacement or printable color by
sliders/value fields using the Lab sliders or entering Lab values
G Printed Color sample view a color sample of the replacement or printable color
H Lightness range slider select the range of affected lightness values
I Color range slider select the range of affected colors
K Profile Gamut displays a color gamut model of the profile
L Luminance slider change the luminance level displayed
M Luminance value view numerically the currently selected luminance level
N Apply apply the edit to the profile and preview the effects of the edit in
the Profile Editing window
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Editing Output Profiles
The Desired Color fields display Lab values that were con-
verted directly from the Image Space to Lab. They are not
processed through the profile. In order to predict the closest
printable color, the Printed Color fields display values that
have been translated from Image Space to the color space of
the output device, and back to Lab. The compression intro-
duced during the color transformation process accounts for
the slight differences in values.
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6. Click Apply.
When you press this button, all edits in the Edit List are
applied in order to the profile and can be seen in the After
image in the Profile Editing window.
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Editing Output Profiles
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1. Select the Fine Tune option from the Profile Editing win-
dow toolbar.
2. If not already selected, click the Neutrals tab.
3. Using the Eyedropper, sample a neutral area in the image
that you want to edit.
The software determines the closest tone value to the
selected neutral and highlights that step for editing.
4. Click on the individual colorants in the highlighted step
and modify the values as desired.
5. To accept changes to the grayscale ramp, close the win-
dow (Mac) or select Apply (Win). To reset the ramp to its
original values, click Reset.
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Editing Output Profiles
name or description
of current edit
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Once you define a color, you may need to edit the original
color values or change its name.
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Editing Output Profiles
The Before and After sam- When editing the white point in a proofing workflow,
ple colors are passed Monaco Systems recommends editing the press profile
through the monitor pro-
file to give you an accurate (source) to achieve a better match between the press and
preview of the paper white. proofer (destination) paper whites. To edit the white point in
a source profile, use the sliders or input fields to adjust the
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Color sample of
current white point Color sample of
new white point
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Editing Output Profiles
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Although the Editor option can save multi-ink files in DCS 2.0
format, it does not support sample images in DCS 2.0 format.
This means once a sample image is saved in DCS 2.0 format,
it cannot be reopened into the Editor.
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Creating and Editing Linked Profiles
• MonacoPROFILER program
• two CMYK printer profiles
You may want to use a linked profile if you have a RIP that
accepts the linked profile format or you use applications that
can apply a linked profile.
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Creating and Editing Linked Profiles
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Creating and Editing Linked Profiles
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Creating and Editing Linked Profiles
• Select the curve you want to edit from the Level list.
• Drag an existing end point or midpoint to reshape the curve.
• Click on the curve to add additional points.
• Drag a point left or right past adjacent points to remove a point.
• Adjust the %K and L* sliders to change the end points.
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Creating and Editing Linked Profiles
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Creating and Editing Linked Profiles
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Creating and Editing Linked Profiles
If you are using a different sample image, select the profile cur-
rently associated with the image from the Image Profile list.
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Creating and Editing Linked Profiles
When you edit Input Curves, you affect the source portion of
the linked profile. When you edit the Output Curve, you
affect the destination portion of the linked profile. We sug-
gest starting with the Output Curve.
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Creating and Editing Linked Profiles
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Creating and Editing Linked Profiles
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Viewing Output Profile Gamuts
Reference plane
bisects color space
at L=50
Simulation of device’s
color gamut Color sample
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Viewing Output Profile Gamuts
Evaluating Luminance
A reference plane divides the gamut in half at the 50% lumi-
nance (L) level. Rotate the model so that the L axis is parallel
to the display. You can now compare the luminance levels of
the selected devices. The luminance range is from 0 to 100.
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Evaluating Saturation
For the following example, rotate the same two gamuts so
that the breadth of the gamuts at the plane of intersection is
displayed.
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Glossary
Glossary
brightness
The lightness of a color or tone, regardless of hue or saturation.
calibration
The process of adjusting the performance of input, display,
and output devices to a known state.
characterization
The process of creating a custom profile for an input, display,
or output device by describing the unique gamut of each
device.
chrominance
Exhibiting a color or a mixture of hue and saturation, inde-
pendent of luminance.
CIE
The Commission Internationale d’Eclairage (International
Commission on Illumination), an organization which has
determined many of the standards used in color measurement.
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CMYK
Cyan (C), magenta (M), yellow (Y), and black (K) are the
inks used in the printing process. A color model based on the
three subtractive colors cyan, magenta, and yellow. Printers
are generally CMYK devices.
colorant
A dye, ink, or pigment that is used to give color to another
material.
color cast
An overall color imbalance in an image.
color gamut
The limited range of colors that can be reproduced by a
device or set of colorants. Color gamuts are device-specific.
colorimeter
An instrument used to read or specify color by measuring the
amount of light transmitted or reflected in tristimulus values.
ColorSync
The Macintosh Operating System’s color management
resource for passing device-specific color profiles.
color space
A mathematical model that is used to describe color, in
which each color is represented by a point in space. Each
color is defined in terms of three numbers and plotted as a
point in space relative to three axes. RGB and CMYK are
examples of color spaces.
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Glossary
color temperature
A measurement of the color of light in degrees Kelvin. The
lower the temperature the yellower the light appears. The
high temperatures appear bluer. 6500K represents a neutral
gray.
contrast
The variation between the lightest and darkest areas in an
image.
curve
A graph showing the relationship of input values to output
values.
DCS 2.0
DCS is an acronym for Desktop Color Separation. DCS is a
file format, based on the EPS file format, that is used to
exchange bitmap images between prepress applications. DCS
files must be printed with a PostScript printer.
∆E)
Delta E (∆
A computed value that represents how close two colors are to
each other. A difference of 1 ∆E is used as a threshold of what
is perceptible to the human eye. A difference of 6 to 7 ∆E is
considered acceptable in the printing industry.
densitometer
An instrument that measures the ability of a surface to reflect
or transmit light.
density
A computed number representing the ability of a transmis-
sive material to block light, or the ability of a reflective sur-
face to absorb light. The more light blocked or absorbed, the
higher the density. Density values range from approximately
0.05 to 2.5 for reflective targets and from 0.05 to 3.5 for
transmissive sources.
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drift
Small changes in device performance that occur over time.
dynamic range
The range of tones a device is capable of measuring, sensing,
or rendering.
gamma
A number representing the gamma curve of a device. A
gamma of 1.0 represents a linear device. Gamma is associated
with contrast because increasing the gamma increases the
contrast in shadows and midtones while decreasing the con-
trast in highlights.
gamma curve
A plotted curve representing the relationship between input
and output tonal values for a device.
gamut
The limited range of colors reproducible by a given device.
gamut compression
The conversion of color coordinates from a color space with
a larger gamut to the coordinates of a color space with a
smaller gamut.
gamut mapping
The conversion of color coordinates from one color space
into a second color space.
gray balance
The balance between colorants required to produce neutral
grays with no color bias.
grayscale
A tonal scale that represents the lightest white to the blackest
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Glossary
HexachromeR
An ink system developed by PANTONE® which uses six
printing inks—cyan, magenta, yellow, black, and orange and
green (CMYK+OG).
highlight
The lightest or brightest points in an image.
ICC profile
Profile conforming to International Color Consortium pro-
file format standards.
interpolation
A calculated value that falls between two values.
IT8
Industry standard test targets used to characterize input and
output devices.
Kelvin
A system of absolute temperature. For our purposes, the
scale is used for the expressing color temperature of the white
point of the light source in a computer monitor, and the
color temperature of the light source used to view images.
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LCh (L*C*h)
A color space that is similar to Lab, but uses lightness,
chrominance, and hue coordinates.
lightness
The variation of a hue along a range from white to black.
linear device
A device in which input values consistently produce equiva-
lent output values across the entire tonal range. Most devices
are non-linear and require some correction to make them
linear.
linearize
The process of making a device linear.
linked profile
Combination of two CMYK output profiles, used to simulate
the output of a source device (usually a printing press) on a
destination device (usually a digital proofer).
luminance
Luminance refers to the measurable aspect of brightness.
Luminance is a measurable quantity, while brightness is per-
ceived. An increase in luminance is usually perceived as an
increase in brightness. The relationship, however, is not lin-
ear. Doubling luminance will not necessarily double per-
ceived brightness.
mask
An image area that is protected from change.
memory colors
Color representing familiar objects, such as blue sky, green
grass, and various skin tones.
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Glossary
midtone
The middle range of tones in an image.
multi-ink profile
An output profile that uses 5, 6, 7, or 8-colorants.
neutral
An area of color containing no bias: white, gray, or black.
paper white
The color of the paper on which a colorant is printed.
phosphor
A substance which coats the inside of computer monitors,
which glows when struck by certain wavelengths of radiation.
PostScript
A page description language developed by Adobe Systems.
profile
A file containing data for how a device handles or distorts
colors that is used by a color-managed application to correct
the passage of color through the device.
proof
A visual or hardcopy preview of the expected final results of a
printed piece. The visual preview is obtained on a color mon-
itor. A hardcopy preview may be a print from a digital printer
or a press proof.
quarter tones
Tones falling between the shadows and midtones in an image
are called 3/4 tones. Tone between highlights and midtones
are known as 1/4 tones.
reference file
A file that contains data against which other measurements
are compared.
resolution
The number of discrete elements per unit of measure that
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RGB
A color model based on the three additive primary colors of
light used in color reproduction — red (R), green (G), and
blue (B). Monitors, scanners, and film recorders are generally
RGB devices. RGB is a relative color space.
saturation
The vividness or purity of a color. The color attribute charac-
terized by the absence or presence of a gray component.
scanner
An electronic device for capturing the tonal and color char-
acteristics of images as digital data.
shadows
The darkest areas in an image.
spectrophotometer
An instrument used to describe or specify color by measur-
ing spectral data.
specular highlight
A highlight lacking ink and brightly reflecting the light
source.
spot color
Additional colorants used in multi-color (5, 6, 7, and 8-
color) printing.
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Glossary
tonal range
The maximum range of visible tones in an image.
transformation
An algorithm (mathematical formula) which defines how
colors are converted from one color space to another.
white balance
The balance between colorants required to produce neutral
gray with no color bias.
white point
The chromaticity of a light source, often described by refer-
ring to its chromaticity coordinates or the color temperature
of the light source.
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Index
Index
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Index
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Index
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Index
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