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DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS

CCS UNIVERSITY, MEERUT


M.Phil. SYLLABI (2009 Onwards)

M.PHIL. Semester I

1. MP – 101 Stability of Stratified and Rotating Flows

2. MP – 102 Topology

M.PHIL. Semester II

1. MP – 201 Numerical Analysis


2. MP – 202 Optional Course (Any one of the following)
(i) Functional Analysis
(ii) Continuum Mechanics
(iii) Bitopological Spaces
(iv) Approximation Theory
(v) Uniform Spaces
(vi) Magneto Hydrodynamics
(vii) Stability of Thermally Stratified Flows
(viii) Mathematical Cryptography
(ix) Fuzzy Sets and System
CH. CHARAN SINGH UNIVERSITY, MEERUT
SYLLABUS FOR M. Phil. MATHEMATICS
2009 ONWARDS

M. Phil. MATHEMATICS COURSE STRUCTURE & EVALUATION


SCHEME

Semes Paper Title of the Lectures Maximum Marks


ter Code Paper hrs/week
L P IA EA Total
MP- Stability of 6 - 20 80 100
101 Stratified and
I Rotating Flows
MP- TOPOLOGY 6 - 20 80 100
102

MP- Numerical 6 - 20 80 100


201 Analysis
II MP- ELECTIVE 6 - 20 80 100
202
Project / Satisfactory / Un-
Dissertation satisfactory

GRAND 400
TOTAL
MP-101 STABILITY OF STRATIFIED AND ROTATING FLOWS
Teaching hrs/week: 6
Internal External Total
20 marks 80 marks 100 marks

Need for studying the subject


Hydrodynamic stability theory has been developed to try to determine when laminar
flows are likely to be observed, or whether more complicated turbulent motions will
occur instead. This subject has many important industrial and geophysical applications,
for example aerospace and turbo machinery technology, oceanic and atmospheric flows.
Infect question of hydrodynamic stability can arise in almost any area of fluid mechanics.
It is a subject with great breadth and depth making it daunting to Ph. D. students.

Objective of the course


The proposed course is intended to
• provide students with an overview of the subject and introduce with minimal
prerequisites the main methods used in research in this area,
• teach students to become proficient in using Normal mode technique to study
stability of flows,
• develop understanding of flow stability (When, how, and why flows are unstable),
Syllabus
Basic concepts of stability theory, perturbations. Normal mode technique and
energy method. Stability of flow between two parallel plates. Instability of an inviscid
fluid layer. Instability of plane poiseuille flow.
Thermal instability of layer of fluid heated from below: the Benard problem, the
Bossinesque approximation, the principle of exchange of stabilities and the first
variational principle.
Stability of couette flow: Rayleigh’s criterion, analytic discussion of the stability
of inviscid couette flow and viscous couette flow.
Stability of superposed fluids: the Rayleigh Taylor instability, stability of non-
viscous and viscous stratified fluid, effect of surface tension, effect of rotation, effect of
horizontal and vertical magnetic field. The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability of non-viscous
stratified fluid layer, Miles theorem, Howard semi-circle theorem, stability of viscous
stratified fluid, effect of surface tension, effect of rotation, effect of horizontal and
vertical magnetic field.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS:
1. S. Chandrasekhar: Hydrodynamic And Hydromagnetic Stability - Chapters I,
II, VII, X, XI, Dover, New York, 1981.
2. R.K. Rathy: An Introduction of Fluid Dynamics- Chapter XIII, Oxford and
IBH Publishing company, New Delhi, 1976.
REFFERENCE BOOKS:
1. P. G. Drazin: Hydrodynamic stability, William Hill Reid Cambridge University
Press, 2004.
2. Daviel D. Joseph: Stability of fluid motions I & II, Springer Verlag, 197
MP – 102 TOPOLOGY Teaching hrs/week: 6

Internal External Total


20 marks 80 marks 100 marks

Topology is a modern branch of geometry. It serves to lay the foundations for study in
analysis and in geometry. It is also a prerequisite for functional analysis.
The course is designed to develop an understanding of topological ideas & techniques
and their role in analysis.
At the end of the course, students should be able to understand and appreciate the central
results of general topology, sufficient for the main applications in geometry, number
theory and analysis.

CONTENTS
Fundamental concept of topological spaces, Convergence of nets and
filters, Connectedness and Compactness, Countability axioms, Stone-Cech
compactification, Paracompactness, and Nagata-Smirnov Metrization
Theorem.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS :

1. J. R. Munkres: TOPOLOGY – Pearson Education Pvt Ltd, Delhi, 2005.


2. S. Willard: GENERAL TOPOLOGY, Addison-Wesley, Reading, 1970- Chapter 4
3. L. A. Steen and J. Seebach: COUNTER EXAMPLES IN TOPOLOGY, Holt
Rinehart & Winston, New York
4. J. L. Kelley, GENERAL TOPOLOGY, Springer- Verlag, 1991
5 N. Bourbaki, GENERAL TOPOLOGY Part-I, Addison-Wesley
MP – 201 NUMERICAL ANALYSIS Teaching hrs/week: 6
Internal External Total
20 marks 80 marks 100 marks

Error analysis:
Sources of errors, type of errors, relationship of relative error with significant digits,
absolute and relative error in addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of
approximate numbers, error in function evaluation.
Transcendental & Polynomial equations :
Direct and iterative methods, Initial approximation, Iteration based on first and second
degree equations, Rate of convergence, method of complex roots, bairstow’s method and
Graeffe’s root squaring methods for polynomial equations.
System of linear algebraic equation :
Jacobi iterative method, Gauss-Seidal iterative method, Successive overrelaxation
mehod, convergence analysis.
Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors:
Power method, Jacobi, Given’s and Householder’s methods for symmetric matrices.
Numerical Integration :
Newton-Cotes methods, Methods Based on undermined coefficients--- Gauss-Legendre,
Lobatto, Radau and Gauss Chebyshev Integration methods, Romberg Integration, Double
Integration.
Ordinary Differential Equations :
Explicit amd Implicit Runge-Kutta methods, milti-step methods, Predictor corrector
methods, convergence of multi-step method, stability of single amd multistep methods.

RECOMMENDED BOOKS :
1- M K Jain, S R K Iyengar, R K Jain, NUMERICAL METHODS FOR
SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING COMPUTATIONS: Wiley Eastern Ltd.,
New-Delhi.
2- Carl E. Froberg, NUMERICAL ANALYSIS.
3- James B. Scarborough, NUMERICAL MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS
MP- 202(I) FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS
Teaching hrs/week: 6
Internal External Total
20 marks 80 marks 100 marks

This course extends the ideas studied in Analysis and Topology. Many of the topics
studied in the course have applications in Approximation theory, operators theory and
other areas of mathematics
CONTENTS
Normed linear spaces, bounded linear functional, Bounded linear operators, Baire’s
theorem and its applications, spectral theory in Hilbert spaces.

Books Recommended:

1- A.B. Brown and A. Page: Elements of Functional Analysis.


2- Casper Golman and George Pedrick : A First in Functional Analysis.
3- Limaye : Functional Analysis

MP 202 (II) CONTINUUM MECHANICS Teaching hrs/week: 6

Internal External Total


20 marks 80 marks 100 marks

Basic concepts of tensors, state of stress, instantaneous motion, fundamental laws of


motions of continuum, perfect fluids, viscous fluids, visco-plastic and perfectly plastic
materials.
Book Recommended:
1. William Prager: Introduction to Mechanics of continua(First Seven Chapters)
MP 202(III) BITOPOLOGICAL SPACES
Teaching hrs/week: 6

Internal External Total


20 marks 80 marks 100 marks

Basic concepts, subspaces and products of bitopological spaces. Separation axioms


and countability axioms in bitopological spaces. Covering axioms in bitopological
spaces. Connectedness in bitopological spaces. Topological ordered spaces. Bitopological
ordered spaces.

MP 202 (IV) APPROXIMATION THEORY


Teaching hrs/week: 6

Internal External Total


20 marks 80 marks 100 marks

Polynomials, Algebraic and trigonometric polynomials, Bernstein polynomials in real


domain, O-o term, monotone functions, convex functions and functions of bounded
variation, Lp-Spaces and their properties, Generalizations of Bernstein polynomials.
Linear Positive operators and functional, Approximation of functions by means of
algebraic and trigonometric polynomials, Weierstass first and second approximation
theorem, condition for convergence of a sequence of linear positive operators, order of
approximation of function by means of polynomials, Theorem on monotone operators,
Modulus of continuity and their properties, Lipschitz condition, Korovkin’s theorem,
Jackson’s theorems, Dini-Lipschitz theorem, Stone-Weierstrass Approximation theorem.
The K-functional and modulus of continuity, equivalence theorem, a modified K-
functional.

Books Recommended:

1- PP Korovkin, Linear Operators and Approximation theory, Hindustan Corporation,


1960.
2- GG Lorentz, Bernstein polynomials, University of Toronto press, 1953.
3- EW Cheney, Introduction to Approximation theory, Mc-Graw Hill Book Co., 1966.
4- Z. Ditzian and V.Totik, Moduli of Smoothness, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1987.
5- HN Mhasker and DV Pai, Fundamentals of Approximation theory, Narosa
Publishing House, 2000.
MP 202 (V) UNIFORM SPACES
Teaching hrs/week: 6

Internal External Total


20 marks 80 marks 100 marks

Definition of uniform space, topology of a uniform space, uniform continuous functions,


comparison of uniformities, initial uniformities, inverse image of uniformity, uniform
subspaces, least upper bound of asset of uniformities, product of uniform spaces, inverse
limits of uniform spaces, products and inverse limits of complete spaces, extension of
uniformly continuous functions, the completion of a uniform space, the Hausdroff
uniform space associated with a uniform spaces, completion of subspaces and product
spaces, uniformity of compact spaces, compactness of uniform spaces, compact sets in a
uniform space.
Books Recommended
1. N. Bourbaki: General topology, Part I, Ch. II.
2. J.L. Kelley: General topology.
3. W.J. Thron: Topological structures.

MP 202( VI) MAGNETO HYDRODYNAMICS


Teaching hrs/week: 6

Internal External Total


20 marks 80 marks 100 marks

Magneto hydrodynamics equations, boundary conditions, Alfven waves and shock


waves, exact solutions of channel flow, quasi one- dimensional flow, hydrmagnetic
boundary layer theory. Hydromagnetic Stability problems.

Book Recommended:
1. G.W. Sutton and Arthur Sherman: Engineering Magnetohydrodynamics.
MP 202(VII) STABILITY OF ROTATING AND
STRATIFIED FLOWS
Teaching hrs/week: 6

Internal External Total


20 marks 80 marks 100 marks

Basic concept of stability theory, perturbation, normal mode technique and energy
method, formulation of stability, problems of simple flows, coquette flow, plane
poiseuelle flow, stability of coquette flow, stability of general flow between rotating
cylinders, stabitity of Couette flow in Hydromagnetics, stability of superposed fluids,
Rayleigh-Taylor instability and Kelvin-Holmholtz instability in hydrodynamics and
hydromagnetics.

Books Recommended:

1 S. Chandrasekhar : Hydrodynamics and Hydromagnetic stability theory, Chapters


I,VII-XI.

2. C.S. Yih: Dynamics of Non-Homogeneous Fluids.


MP 202(VIII) MATHEMATICAL CRYPTOGRAPHY
Teaching hrs/week: 6

Internal External Total


20 marks 80 marks 100 marks

Objective: To make students aware of some tools for network security and the
mathematics behind their construction and strength.

Unit-I
Classical cryptography: Encryption schemes, Symmetric key encryption, Feistel ciphers,
NDS, DES, Multiple encryptions, Modes of operation, Applications to authentication and
identification.

Unit-II
Some Mathematical Tools: Algorithm, complexity, Modular arithmetic, Quadratic
residues, Primality testing, Factoring and square roots, Discrete logarithm.

Unit-III
Public key Cryptography: Public key cryptosystems and their applications, RSA
algorithm and its security, Key management, Diffie-Hellman key exchange, Elliptic
curve cryptography.

Unit-IV
Advance Topics: Introductory concepts of
1. Signcryption
2. ID based public key cryptosystems
3. Certificate less public key cryptosystems.

Texts:
For units I and II: Coding Theory and Cryptography by D. R. Hankerson et al.
Monographs and Textbooks # 234, Marcel Dekker, 2000.
For unit III: Chapter 6 of Cryptography and Network Security by W. Stallings, Prentice
Hall India, 2000.
For Unit IV: The following material from Internet
1. Y. Zheng, Digital signcryption or How to achieve cost (signature + encryption) <
< cost (signature) + cost (encryption). Available at
http://www.signcryption.org/publications/pdffiles/yz-c97-fnl-rvs.pdf
2. D. Boneh and M. Franklin, Identity based encryption from Weil pairing.
Available at http://eprint.iacr.org/2001/090.pdf
3. S. S. Al-Riyami and K. G. Patterson, Certificate less public key cryptography.
Available at http://eprint.iacr.org/2003/126.pdf
MP 202 (IX) FUZZY SETS AND SYSTEM Teaching hrs/week: 6

Internal External Total


20 marks 80 marks 100 marks
The course presents some fundamental knowledge of fuzzy sets, fuzzy logic and its
applications in fuzzy decision making. The aim is to equip students with some state-of-
the-art fuzzy-logic technology to prepare them in a better way for the rapidly evolving
high-tech information-based modern industry and market.

Objectives: Upon successful completion of this course, students should


1. be able to understand basic knowledge of fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic,
2. be able to apply fuzzy inferences,
3. be able to apply fuzzy information in decision making,
4. be able to appreciate the theory of possibility on the basis of evidences.

1. Introduction: Basic definitions, α -level sets, comparison with classical (crisp)


sets, types of fuzzy sets, extension principle.
2. Operations on Fuzzy Sets: Fuzzy complement, t-norms, t-conorms, combination
of operations, aggregation operations.
3. Fuzzy Arithmetic: Fuzzy numbers, linguistic variables, arithmetic operations on
intervals, arithmetic operations on fuzzy numbers, lattice of fuzzy numbers, fuzzy
equations.
4. Fuzzy Relations: Crisp versus fuzzy relation, projections and cylindric
extensions, binary fuzzy relations, binary relations on a single set, fuzzy
equivalence relations, fuzzy compatibility and fuzzy ordering relations.
5. Possibility Theory: Fuzzy measures, evidence theory, possibility theory, fuzzy
sets and possibility theory.
6. Fuzzy Logic: An overview of classical logic, multivalued logic, fuzzy
propositions, fuzzy quantifiers, linguistic hedges, inference from conditional
fuzzy propositions, inference from conditional and qualified propositions.
7. Uncertainty-based Information: Information and uncertainty, non-specificity of
crisp and fuzzy sets, fuzziness of fuzzy sets.
8. Applications: Individual, multiperson, multicriteria decision making, fuzzy
ranking method, fuzzy linear programming. Examples of fuzzy systems in
medicine and economics.
References:
1. Fuzzy Sets and Fuzzy Logic: Theory and Applications, George J. Klir and Bo
Yuan, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi.
2. Fuzzy Set Theory & its Applications, H.J. Zimmermann, Allied Publishers Ltd.
New Delhi.
3. Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications, Timothy J. Ross, McGraw Hills inc.
New Delhi.

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