20=x

ECUACIONES LINEALES
1. 5°

1x 1 x 5 x 3 7 2 2
+ =5 x− − x= − x+
2 3 6 18 4 12 9 3

3 x +2 x 6 ( 5 x )−2 ( x ) −9 ( 3 )=3 ( 7 ) −4 ( 2 x )+ 12(2)

=5
6
30 x−2 x−27 x=21−8 x +24
5 x=30
9 x=45
x=6
x=5
2.
1x 1 5x 6°
− + =3
3 2 6
3 4 3 3
6 x+15 x 1 x +2− x=1+ +
− =3 8 5 10 x 2
18 2
5 ( 3 x ) + 40 ( 2 )−8 ( 4 x ) =40+ 4 ( 3 x )+20 ( 3 )
21 x 3 1
=3 +
18 2 2 15 x+ 80−32=40+12 x+ 60
7 −20=29 x
∗18=21 x
2
−20
=x
x=3 29

3.
3x 5x
+2= +1
4 6 07.
4 x +5 8 x−3 5−3 x 3+5 x 3
3x 5 x − + = +
− =1−2 8 6 3 2 4
4 6
3 ( 4 x +5 ) −4 ( 8 x−3 )+ 8 ( 5−3 x )=12 ( 3+5 x ) +6 ( 3 )
18 x−20 x 12 x+15−32 x +12+ 40−24 x=36 +60 x+18
=−1
24 −44 x+ 67=54 +60 x
67−54=60 x+ 44 x
−2 x=24
13=104 x
x=12 13
=x
104
4°
1
=x
x x 2x 8
+6− = +3
2 4 5 08.

10 ( x )+ 20 ( 6 )−5 ( x )=4 ( 2 x ) +20(3) x+3 x−4 1 x +1 2 x +1

− = − +
4 9 2 4 9
10 ( x )++120−5 x=8 x+ 60 9 ( x +3 )−4 ( x−4 )=18 ( 1 ) −9 ( x+1 ) + 4 ( 2 x +1 )
60=3 x 9 x +27−4 x +16=18−9 x−9+8 x+ 4

MATEMÁTICA BÁSICA 1
 9 x−4 x+ 9 x−8 x=18−9+4−16−27 13.

6 x=−30 5 3 3
− =
−30 x 2 x
x= 5 3 3
6
x=−5
2x () () ()
x
−2 x
2
=2 x
x
10−3 x=6
09.
4
3 x −5 2 x−1 x+3 5 x−1 x=
−1− + = 3
2 3 4 8
12 x ( 3 x−5 )−24 ( 1 )−8 ( 2 x −1 )+ 6 ( x +3 )=3 ( 5 x −1
14. )
36 x−60−24−16 x+ 8+6 x+ 18=15 x−3 1 1 1 1 13
+ + + − =0
36 x−16 x +6 x−15 x=60+24−8−18−3 8 x 9 x 12 x 24 x 72
11x=55 1 1 1 1
x=
55 144 x ( )
8x
+ 144 x ( ) 9x
+144 x( ) 12 x ( )
+144 x
24 x
11 18 ( 1 )+ 16 ( 1 )+12 ( 1 ) +6 ( 1 )−2 x ( 13 ) =0
x=5
18+16+12+6−26 x=0
10. 52=26 x
3 x∗8 x−1 7−x 4−x 8 x−5 52
− + = − =x
5 4 3 3 10 26
12 ( 3 x−8 )−15 ( x−1 ) +20 ( 7+ x )=20 ( 4−x ) −6 ( 8 x−5 ) 2=x
36 x−96−15 x+ 15+140−20 x=80−20 x−48 x +30
−20 x+ 36 x−15 x +20 x +48 x=80+ 30−140−15+96
69 x=51 15°
51 3 5 8 1 1 11
x= − − = + −
69 4 x 14 7 x x 4 14 x
17
x=
23
7 ( 3 )−2 x (5 )−4 ( 8 )=28+ 7 x−2(11)
11.
7 8 9 1 31−7 x 21−10 x−32=28+7 x−22
− + − =
2x 3x 4 x 3 6x
−17=17 x
7 8 9 1 31−7 x
12 x ( )
2x
−12 x
3x ( )
+12 x
4x
−12 x( )
3
=12 x
−1=x ()
6x ( )
42−32+27−4 x=62−14 x
10 x=25
5 16°
x=
2 3 5
− =1.25
12. 0.8 x 1.6 x
11 3 3 5
−2=
x x 1 1 5
n−2 x =3 − =
4 8 4
2 x=8 x x
5 5
x=4
15 25 5
− =
4x 8x 4
30−25=10 x

MATEMÁTICA BÁSICA 2
 5 −16
=x x=
10 5
1
=x
2

17°
5 7 16
+ =
0.6 x 3 1.5 x
20°
5 16
1 7 1 2 3
+ = =
3 3 3 x+1 x−1
x x
5 2 2 x−2=3 x +3
25 7 32 −5=x
+ =
3x 3 3 x
21°
25+7 x=32
3 x+2 6x
7 x=7 − =0
3 x −1 6 x−1
x=1
18 x 2−3 x+12 x−2−( 18 x 2−6 x ) =0

18 x 2−3 x+12 x−2−18 x 2 +6=0

18°
15 x=2
7
=2 −2
x−3 x=
15
7=2(x−3)
7=2 x−6
22°
13
=x 13 11
2 − =0
2 x−3 x +3
13 x+ 39−( 22 x−33 )=0
19°
13 x+ 39−22 x+33=0
3 5
+ =0 −9 x +72=0
x+2 2
6+5 x+10 72=9 x
=0
2 x+ 4 72
=x
5 x +16 9
=0
2 x+ 4 8=x
5 x+ 16❑=0( 2 x +4 ) 23°

MATEMÁTICA BÁSICA 3
x + 4 2 x +5 1 2 16
x−3
−
2x
=0
( )
x+
2
=
4
1
2 x2 +8 x−( 2 x 2−6 x +5 x−15 )=0 x + =± √ 4
2
2 x2 +8 x−2 x 2+ x+15=0 1 1
x 1=2− x 2=−2−
9 x=−15 2 2

−15 3 −5
x= x 1= x 2=
9 2 2

−5 3) −x ( x +2 ) +3=0
x=
3 −¿1(−x 2−2 x=−3
x 2+ 2 x=3
x 2+ 2 x +1=3+1
Ecuaciones cuadráticas: ( x +1 )2=4
Resolver por el método de factorización,
completación de cuadrados cada ejercicio. x 1=√ 4−1 x 2=√ 4−1

1) 2 x2 +5 x=5+3 x−x 2 x 1=1 x 2=−3

3 x2 2 x 5 4) x ( x +3 ) −2 x=4 x +4
+ = x 2+ 3 x −2 x=4 x +4
3 3 3
x 2−3 x=4
2 5
x 2+ x= 9
x 2−3 x+ =4+
9
3 3 4 4
2
2 1 5 1 3 16+ 9
x 2+ x+ = +
3 9 3 9 ( )
x− =
2 4
3 25
( )
x+
1 2 15+1
3
=
9
x− =
2 4√
5 3 −5 3
1 16 x 1= + x 2= +
x + =±
3 9√ 2 2
x 1=4 x 2=−1
2 2

4 1 −4 1
x 1= − x 2= −
3 3 3 3 5) x ( x 2 + x )−( x +1 ) ( x 2−2 )=−4
3 −5 x 3+ x2 −( x 3−2 x + x 2−2 ) =−4
x 1= =1 x 2=
3 3 x 3+ x2 −x3 +2 x−x 2+ 2=−4
2 x=−6
2) 4 x ( x +1 )=15 −6
x=
4 x 2 4 x 15 2
+ =
4 4 4 x=−3
2 15 6) ( 2 x−3 )2=1
x + 1 x=
4 2 x−3=± √ 1
2 1 15 1
x +1x+ = +
4 4 4 1+3 −√1+3
x 1= √ x 2=
2 2

MATEMÁTICA BÁSICA 4
 x 1=2 x 2=1 x 2−2 x+1−x 2−4 x−4+ 3 x 2=−7 x +1
3x 2 x 4
7) ( 5 x−1 )2=16 + =
3 3 3
16+ 1 −√ 16 +1 1 4
x 1= √ x 2= x 2+ x=
5 5 3 3
2 1 1 4 1
−3 x + x+ = +
x 1=1 x 2= 3 36 3 36
5 1 49
8) ( 4−3 x )2−64=0
( )
x+ =
6 36
( 4−3 x )2=64 49 1 −√ 49 1
x 1= √ − x 2= −
36 6 36 6
64 +4 −√ 64+ 4
−x 1= √ −x 2=
3 3 6 −8 −4
x 1= =1 x 2= =
−4 12 6 6 3
x 1= −x 2− =−4
3 3 12) 4 x ( x +39 ) +9=0
x 2=4 4 x 2 156 −9
+ x=
2
9) 2 ( x+1 ) =8−3 x 4 4 4
−9
2 ( x 2+ 2 ( x )( 1 ) +12 ) =8−3 x x 2+ 39 x=
4
2 x2 + 4 x+ 2=8−3 x 39 2 −9 39 2
2 x2 +7 x=6 x 2+ 39 x + ( )2
=
4
+ ( )
2
7 x 49 6 49 2
x 2+ + = + 39 1512
2 16 2 16
7 2 48+ 49
(
x+
2 ) =
4
( )
x+ =
4 16
39
x + =± √ 378
2
97 7 39
x=±
√ 16 4
97−7
− x=± √ 378−
2
x=± √
−39
± 3 √ 42
4 2
10) ( 2 x+1 ) ( x+ 1 )=( x+ 2 )( x−2 ) +3 13) ( 3 x−2 )2 +5 x2= ( 3 x +2 ) ( 3 x −2 )
2 x2 +2 x+ x+1=x2 −22+ 3 3 x 2−2 (3 x ) (+ 2 )+ 22+5 x 2=( 3 x )2−22
x 2+ 3 x =−2 9 x 2−12 x+ 4+5 x 2=9 x 2−4
9 9 14 x 2−12 x−9 x 2=−4−4
x 2+ 3 x + =−2+
4 4
2
5 x 2 12 x −8
3 1 − =
( )
x+ =
2 4
5
12
5
6 2
5
−8 36
1 3 1 3
x 2− x+
5 () 5
= +
5 25
√
x 1= −
4 2 √
x 2=− −
4 2
( )
x− =
6 2 −40+36 −4
5 25
=
25
−2
x 1= x 2=−2 6 ± −4
x= √
=−1
2
5
11) ( x−1 )2−( x +2 )2 +3 x2 =−7 x+1 14) 4 x ( x +3 ) + ( x+ 2 )( x−2 ) = ( 2 x +3 )2 + x−1

x 2−2 ( x ) ( 1 ) +12−( x 2 +2 ( x ) ( 2 )+ 22 ) +3 x2 =−7 x+1 4 x2 +12 x+ x 2− ( 2 )2=( 2 x )2 +2 ( 2 x ) (3 )+ ( 3 )2+ x −1

MATEMÁTICA BÁSICA 5
 5 x 2+12 x−4=4 x 2 +12 x +9+ x−1 4 x2 −9=4 x 2−12 x+ 9+30 x
x 2−13 x+12 x=4+9−1 −18 x=18 x=−1
x 2−x=12
1 1 18.
x 2−x + =12+
4 4
2 ¿
1 48+1 49
( )
x+ =
2 4
=
4 4 x2 −12 x +9+ x 2=9 x 2−1−6

49 1 49 1 −4 x 2 −12 x −16
x 1=
√
−
4 2
x 2=−
√
−
4 2 4 4
=
4

6 −8 −x 2−3 x=−4=x2 +3 x=4

x 1= =3 x 2= =−4
2 2
9 9
x 2+ 3 x + =4 +
4 4

32 25 3 ±5
15) ( 2 x+3 )( 2 x−3 ) +5 x=2 ( x+1 ) −1
( 2 x )2 −32+ 5 x=2 x +2−1
( )
x+
2
= =x +
4 2 2

4 x 2 3 x 10 5 5 −3 −5 −3 −8
+ = = x= x= =
4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2
3x 3 2 5 9 x=1 x=−4
x 2+ +
4 ()
8
= +
2 64
2 19.
3 160+9 169
( )
x+ =
8 64
=
64 ( x +3 ) ( x −3 )−¿
169−3 −√169−3 −16
x 1= √ x 2= = x 2−9−( x 2−4 x+ 4 ) =6+ x 2−5 x
8 8 8
−9−x 2+ 4 x−4=6−5 x
5
x 1= x 2=−2
4 ¿

x 2−9 x +19=0
16. −b ± √ b2−4 ac
x=
( 2 x+2 ) ( 2 x−2 )=¿ 2a

4 x2 −4=x 2+ 2 x +1+2 ( x 2−1 ) (−9) ± √ 92−4 (1)(19)

x=
2(1)
4 x2 −4=x 2+ 2 x +1+2 x2 −2
9 ± √81−76
x=
x 2−2 x=3 2
x 2−2 x+1=3+1=¿ 9 ± √5
x=
x−1=±2 2

x=3 x=−1 20.

17. ¿

( 2 x+3 )( 2 x−3 )=¿ 4 x2 −12 x +16−2 x 2 +4 x =48

MATEMÁTICA BÁSICA 6
 2 x 2 −12 x 32 3 +1
2
2 x −12 x=32 = x= x=2
2 2 2 2 2

2 x2 −6 x=16 3 −1
x= x=1
2 2
x 2−6 x +9=16+9
23.
¿
( x−1 ) ( x−2 )=0
x−3=±5
x 2−2 x−x+ 2=0
x=8 x=−2
9 +9
21. x 2−3 x=−2= x2−3 x + =−2
4 4
¿ 3 1
x− =
2
4 x −12 x +9+ x +6=9 x −12 2 2 2
x=2 x=1
2 4 x 2 +12 x 16
4 x −12 x 0−16= =
4 4 4 24.
2 4 x2 ( x−1 ) ( x−2 )=6
x −3 x=4
4
x 2−2 x−x+ 2=6
9 9
¿ x 2+ 3 x + =4 + 9 9
4 4 x 2−3 x+ =4+
4 4
32 25 3 ±5
( ) x+
2
= =x + =
4 2 2
( x−
32 25
)=
3 4
−5 3 3
x= − x= x=1 3 ±5
2 2 2 x− =
2 2
−5 3 −8
x= − x= x =−4 3 +5
2 2 2 x= = =4
2 2
22.
3 5
¿ x= = =−1
2 2
2 2
9 x −12 x+ 4=4 x −9+3 x+3 25.
5 x 2−15 x=−10 ( 2 x−3 ) ( 1−x )=0
5 x 2 −15 x −10 2 2 x 2 5 x −3
= 2 x−2 x −3=+3 x=0 − =
5 5 5 2 2 2
9 9 5 x −3
x 2−3 x−2=x 2−3 x =−2+ x 2− =
4 4 2 2
32 1 3 ±1 5 x 25 −3 25
( x−
2 )
= =x− =
4 2 2
x 2− = = +
2 16 2 16

MATEMÁTICA BÁSICA 7
 −52 1 1 1
x 2−x + =6 +
( )
4
=
16 4 4

−5 1 √¿ ¿
x =
4 4 1 5
x− =
3 2 2
x=1 x=
2 5(2) 1 −5 1
x= + x= +
26. 2(2) 2 2 2

x ( x−2 )=3 6 −4
x= x=
2 2
x 2−2=3
x=3 x=−2
2
x −2 x+1=3+1
29.
2
−( x−1) −¿ 4
( x +2 )( x−2 )=12
x−1=±2 2 2
x −2 =12
x=3 x=−1
x 2−16=( x−4 ) ( x + 4 )
27.
x=± 4
( x 2−4 ) ( 2 x−6 ) ( x+3 )=0
30.
2 2
2 x −6 x −8 x+24 ( x+3 )
( x +3 ) ( x −3 )=3 x−11
2 2 2 2
2 x −6 x −8 x+24 x+6 x −18 x −24 x +72
x 2−9=3 x−11=x 2−3 x=−2
4 2
2 x −26 x +72=0
9 9
x 2−3 x+ =−2 ±
x =M2
4 4

m 2−26 m+72=0 √¿ ¿

m 2−13 m+36 −1 3 2 3 ±1
x= + = =1 x− =
2 2 2 2 2
m 2−4 m−9 m+36
1 +3
2 x =
m ( m−4 )−9 ( m−4 ) 2 2

( m−4 ) ( m−9 ) x=2

m=± 4=x 2=4 x=± 2 31.

m=9=x 2=9 x=± 3 ¿

28. 4 x2 −16=0

x ( x +2 )=3 ( x +2 ) x 4 =4

x 2+ 2 x=3 x +6 ¿

x 2−x=6 x=± √ 2

MATEMÁTICA BÁSICA 8
32. ¿

4 4 −16=0 9 x 2−12 x+ 4=4 x 2

4 4 =16=¿ 52 12 x −7
− =
5 5 5
x=√ 4
12 x −7
x=± 2 x 2− =
5 5
33. 12 x 36 −7 36
x 2− + = +
x 4 +16=0 5 25 5 25

√ x 2− 125 x + ± 36
−(5)7 36
¿
x=√−4
√ 25
= +
(5)5 25

62 1 6 1
34. ( x−
5) = x− =
25 5 5
x 6−64=0 1 6 7
x= + =
6
x =64 5 5 5

x=√6 64 −1 6 5
x= + =
5 5 5
x=± 2
1=x

35.
¿
7 x +21=0
−21
x=
7
x=−3
36.

√ x 2+ 4 x +4=1
√¿ ¿
x +2=1 x=−1
−( x +2 )=1

−x−2=1−3=x
1°
37.

MATEMÁTICA BÁSICA 9
x2 −4 1 2 1
x+3
=0 ( )
x−
6
=
36

x 2−4=0 ( x +3 ) 1 1
x 2=4
x= ±
6 36 √
1
x=± √ 4 x 1=
3
x=±2

2°
4.
2
x −4
=−12 3 x 2 +2 x
x+3 =0
5 x 2−3
x 2−4=−12 ( x +3 )
3 x 2+2 x=0
x 2−4=−12 x−36
3 ( 3 x+2 ) =0
2
x + 12 x=−32
x=¿ 3 x+ 2=0
2
x + 12 x +36=−32+ 36 −2
x=
2
( x +6 ) =4 3

x=−6 ± √ 4
x 1=−4 5.

x 2=−8 x2 +3 x−4
=0
x−3
6.
3°
x2 +6 x +3
x x−1 =−x
= x−1
3 x −3 x−1
x 2+ 6 x+3=−x 2+ x
x (−3 x−1 )=3 x ( x−1 )
2 x 2 5 x −3 5 2 25
−3 x 2−x=3 x 2−3 x
2
2
+ =
2 ( )
=
2 2.2 16
6 x −2 x=0
5 x −3
2
x 2+ =
6 x 2x 2 2
− =0
6 6 5 x 25 8−3 25
x 2+ + = +
x 2 16 32 16
x 2− =0
3
+52 −24−25
x 1
x 2− + =
1 ( )
4
=
16
3 36 36

MATEMÁTICA BÁSICA 10
 5 ±1 1 5 −4 x2 25 x −36
x+ = x= − x= x =−1 − =
4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
−1 5 6 −3 25 x
x= − x= x= x 2− =−9
4 4 4 2 4
7. 25 x 625 625
x 2− + =−9+
4 64 64
x 2+1 13
=
x2 −1 12 252 49
2 2
12 ( x +1 ) =13 ( x −1 )
( x−
8 )
=
64
25 7
12 x2 +12=13 x 2−13 x− =
8 8
25=x2
x=± 5 9
x=
4

8. x=4

1−2 x x
=
x +7 x−1
( x−1 ) ( 1−2 x ) =x ( x +7 ) 10.
x−2 x 2−1+2 x=x 2 +7 x 2 x+ 4
6+ x=8
x−2 x 2−1+2 x=x 2 +7 x 3
2 x+ 4
−3 x 2−4 x −1=0 6+ x=8
3
3 x 2+ 4 x +1=0
18+2 x 2+ 4 x=24
3 x 2+3 x + x +1=0
18+2 x 2+ 4 x−24=0
3 ( x+ 1 )+ x +1=0
2 x2 + 4 x−6=0
( x +1 )+ ( 3 x +1 )
x 2+ 2−3=0
x +1=0 3 x+ 1=0
−b ± √ b2−4 ac
−1 x=
x=−1 x= 2a
3
−2 ± √ 22−4 ( 1 )(−3 )
9. x=
2
¿
−2 ± √ 16
x=
2
4 x −24 x+ 36=x 2

x2 24 x 36 −2 ± 4
− + x=
4 4 4 2
x=−3 x=1

MATEMÁTICA BÁSICA 11
11.
4+ 6 ( x −1 )
1064= ∗x
2
2 ( 2+3 ( x−1 ) )
1064= ∗x
2
1064=( 2+3 ( x−1 ) ) x

1064=( 2+3 x−3 ) x=1064 ( 2 x+3 x 2−3 x )

2 3 x 2 x −1064
1064=3 x −x= − =
3 3 3
x 1 1064 1
x 2− + = +
3 36 3 36

12 12769
( x−
6)=
36
1 113
x− =
6 6

MATEMÁTICA BÁSICA 12