Nancy Mahajan

10809333

RB1801A22

System Analysis & Design

PART-A

1. Can application prototyping be used with any other development methodologies?

Explain the reason for your answer.

Answer: application prototyping provides a way to acquire information describing

application requirements and evaluation based on use of a working system. It helps in
experiencing the system before the whole application is completed. Application
prototyping is the proven technique that improves the overall technique of development
effort i.e. to the benefit of user, analyst and whole organization

Yes, application prototyping can be used with other development methodologies

Example:- in the voice mail application which is designed to receive messages from the
senders. All messages are recorded using computer storage so that receiver can hear
sender’s voice. We can also use it in iterative development methodology. Like in web
applications, the clients don't know what they want until you create it.

2. “Tools are very essential for system analyst”. Justify. Describe the benefits of using
tools, in the development of information systems. What benefits are gained with the
use of automated tools?

Answer: Tools extend the capability of the systems analyst. They help in improving
productivity and improving effectiveness in the process while in a product they increase
the information system quality.we can say that we can improves product and process
results bt the use of tools

Benefits of using tools: there are mainly three benefits .

 1) Improving productivity: with the use of tools the system analyst got a fair chance to
increase the productivity as the same activities or processes can be completed in less
time then previously. It helps to achieve the productivity which is otherwise
infeasible.

They decrease the amount of time required to document, analyze and construct
information systems and hence increase the productivity and therefore analyst’s
efficiency

2) Improving efficiency: Tools helps in providing the effective use of processes.

Effectiveness means the performing the best task to achieve a certain goal. They can
guide the analyst a way to approach a task.

They help in effective way to perform task by reckoning the needs of user properly
and knowing the data flow .these tools help to decrease the human resources as well
as time and money.

3) Improving the information system quality: the tools also increase the results at the
product end as the processes are effective and productive. They help in delivering the
best system quality in shorter time.

Benefits of using automated tools

1) Decreased elapsed time: they help in increasing the speed and reduced the elapsed
time needed to accomplish one particular task.

2) Automate tedious task: they can help in drawing the charts through computers as it
can be tedious thereby decreasing human work.

3) Consistent procedures: automating the process of checking whether the data flows
are consistent or are not can lead to more accurate result.

4) Capture system data: Once in a computer that is in process able form they are easily
accessible and can be used for other task.

3. Highlight the various components of Case tools and also elaborate the function
performed by each.

Answer: Case tools comprises of 5 tools

 • diagramming tools

• information repository

• interface generators

• code generation

• management tools

1) Diagramming tools: they support analysis and documentation requirements.

They help in making the data flow diagrams and charts and store their results.

2) Information repository: They include the processing, analyzing, capturing and

distribution of all system data in data dictionaries.

3) Interface generators : they help in preparing the prototypes of user interfaces ,

helps in making demonstration of system menus or presentation screens

4) Code generation: they automate the preparation of computer software .they

convert system specification to computer source code.

5) Management tools: They help in maintaining the efficiency and effectiveness

of application .they help in specifying custom elements.

PART-B

4. How are human engineering and ergonomic features of a system different? How are
they related?

Answer: Difference
Human engineering:

• this features technical features importantly

 • incorporates system features that are user friendly

• function in a way that is familiar to user

• prevents failures

Ergonomic features:

• It features the physical factors rather than on information

system.

• it concerns on selection of equipments

• it is used for picking design of work areas

Relation 
Human engineering:

• prevent user errors

• provides user flexibility and efficiency

• Increasing familiarity with the system.

Ergonomic features:

• the changing in physical surroundings leads o less strain n

less errors

• the more familiar the design of presentation , the more

familiarity

• concerns with user efficiency

5. Filter out the various questions analyst used to guide their study of a process or
system after collecting information requirements data. Discuss the general process
of analysis of this data.

Answer:

Capacity :
 • are the facilities adequate?

• is staffing efficient?

• any poorly designed procedures?

• more processing capability needed?

• more quickly performed?

Control:

• how well controlled ?

• any standards?

• how often omitted?

• any missing steps?

• is communication adequate?

• any formal procedures?

• who has responsibility?

Information Accessiblity:

• does information exist?

• can it be readily accessed?

• is the form right?

• is data duplicated?

• is it reliable?

Complexity:
 • any extra steps?

• any steps without purpose?

• any excessive form handling?

• is sequence wrong?

General process of analysis of data :-

• After examining the data collected about the system, the system analyst develops
a profile of each application area.

• The system profile consist o details describing the operational characteristics of

systems such as rate of error or work volume.

• These details further are the results if analyses and show the facts collected using
the question. The analyst then studies the whole details to evaluate the
effectiveness of data collected.

• Analyst must determine how excessive errors are made and when do they occur
and what damage they cause to organization.

• A transaction requires a certain amount of time to handle and complete. analyst

then determine he average and range of transaction and hence volume of work
that can be handles in a lap of time.

• The analysis of details during system investigation helps in predicting serious

gaps in control and capacity in case of processing problems
6. While designing tabular information, what items, situations or circumstances should
be designed to stand out on the output?

Answer:

 Situations or circumstances:

• dominating details and less explanation

• details in discrete attributes or categories

• categories must be labeled

• total and comparisons are made between components

 Items:

• Exceptions

• major categories or entities

• summarization of major entities or categories

• unique identification of information

• time dependent entities