Chp 26 and 27 Notes Himanshu Shamsukha

4/19/10
Pd: 4/5

Chp 26

Sec 26-1:
1. Protozoa, Algae, slime molds, and water molds are types of organisms are found in the kingdom protists.
They are all heterotrophic and some are parasitic.
2. Protozoa are single-celled microscopic organisms that can move independently. They reproduce by multiple
fission (cell division that results in multiple individuals) and conjugation (opposite sex share and exchange
genetic material). Live in aquatic environments
3. Zooplankton serve as primary sources of energy in aquatic ecosystems
4. a cyst is a hardened external covering of a dormant protozoa that are formed where there are extreme
conditions
5. protozoa are considered some of the oldest existing life forms because they were the only organisms on
Earth for almost 2 million years

Sec 26-2:
1. Pseudopodia are large, rounded cytoplasmic extensions that serve in movement and feeding. Sarcodines use
pseudopodia for feeding and movement
2. Foraminifera, a type of sarcodines, have Calcium Carbonate tests, which sink to the bottom when they die,
and form rows of limestone
3. Conjugation is a form of sexual reproduction in ciliates. It is advantageous to ciliates because the process
uses cilia
4. Zooflagellates cause Giardiasis, Trypanosoma, and Leishmania
5. When an infected Anopheles mosquito bites a person, sporozoites travel to the liver, infect the blood and
then divide (merozoites), the red blood cells then burst or are sucked by another non-infected Anopheles
mosquito. The sporozoans do not move, and act as parasites

Chp 26 Review
1. Protists include protozoa, algae, slime molds, and water molds. Protozoa are single-celled organisms.
Protozoan- plural form of Protozoa
2. It means fake movement. It is an appropr5iate term b/c the structure doesn’t really move
3. Endoplasm- inner portion of the cytoplasm, Ectoplasm- the outer layer
4. Zooplankton means “animal food” and they are a primary source of food in aquatic ecosystems
5. Ciliates move by cilia, Flagellates move by flagella, and Sporozoans do not move
6. C
7. B
8. B
9. B
10. C
11. C
12. A
13. A
14. C
15. B
16. It uses pseudopodia to gather food
17. The contractile vacuole excretes excess water
18. Amebic Dysentery
19. Conjugation in bacteria is when a virus inserts DNA into the bacteria while Conjugation in paramecium
exchanges information to sexually reproduce
20. It uses its cilia to trap food and move it into its mouth pore
21. Ciliates are considered the most complex group of protozoans b/c they have the most elaborate organelles
of any protozoa
22. Zooflagellates are carried by animals or spread by contaminated water, African sleeping sickness and
Leishmania
23. They do not move
24.

25. Foraminifera inhabited these shells. They have formed layers of limestone