Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
November 5, 1980
PARTICIPANTS:
Larry Keyser
and
H.E. Whitacre
Program Mission Office
Bob Gordon
Public Affairs Office
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P R O C E E D I N G S
Right now the external tank and the SRBs are in the process
of being mated. We are in a process of doing a full test this
afternoon or tomorrow, putting a pre-load into the space between
those two; and that is due to be completed on second shift tomor-
row. So at that point they will be ready to accept the Orbiter.
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.(Slide)
MR. SLAYTON: Let's press on with the briefing. Okay. We
have some vugraphs here; let's jump to the first one. These are
not-numbered, so for everybody on the loop, we may have a little
problem with your keeping in sync with us. The first one I have
here is what the Orbiter Flight Test Program is all about.
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(Slide)
(Slide) . .
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(Slide)
These are the things you are concerned about when you plan
it, the things that you verify when you fly it. So that when you
get into an operational period, you have enough of a data base
that you no longer have to be greatly concerned about these
things in your planning.
..(Slide)
The F-Max Q. Now you can see that we gradually step through
that to a 680 psf (pounds per square foot) on flight four. We
start off on Flight One at 580 psf, and we do that to hold down
the loads on the vehicle and then gradually build that up until
flight four, so again, we are building a data base as we go.
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(Slide) . !
(Slide) .'
MR. WHITACRE: Now., I have broken this down further into the
ascent activity; and again you can see as we go into these things
that some of them don't get done in OFT. But on this particular
thing, the main thing to point out is during ascent, most of what
we are doing we don't perturb the vehicle.
;
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(Slide)
(Slide)
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(Slide)
MR. WHITACRE: A third area which has been around for a long
time .and is king of a gremlin that sticks with all of our rocket-
ry is the item called Pogo, which .is..a_very~d-y-nami.c—interaction
between the total propellant system in the engine and results in
engine instability, if you will, or dynamic variations in the
engine performance, which leads to longitudinal oscillations in
the vehicle, which leads to structural loading in the vehicle,
which leads to nastry problems if it really happens.
Now we think from all of the tests, from all of the analysis
that has been done we have a safe margin in terms of Pogo. But
the real proof of the pudding so to speak, is that we get out and
fly the total vehicle and show that the Pogo suppressors work and
there is no dynamic engine instability in the engine operation.
(Slide)
MR. WHITACRE: I keep commenting on one thing here and I
think it is a very important point. In a large number of areas,
the real 'thing that we are doing is we are putting together a
very complex system, a very complex combination of systems, for
which there is no practical way to do ground "testing.
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(Slide)
control systems.
(Slide)
And this vehicle can point just about any way you want it to
in space. We haven't taught it to dance yet, but it can do just
about anything else. When you get into these attitude holds you
have a situation where you are in the -- attitude hold where one
part of the vehicle is pointed toward the Sun, one part of the
vehicle is pointed toward deep space, and other parts of the
vehicle are alternately viewing space and the Earth's albedo.
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nisms for the doors. There has been a lot of testing done to
verify that that is the proper design,, but is virtually impos-
sible to test a full-scale Orbiter in thermal vacuum conditions
and take into account the 1-G effects on Earth and figure out
exactly what's really going to happen in Zero-G in space.
(Slide)
(Slide)
(Slide)
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At the same time we are doing that, for the various flights
that you see here, we set up different Elevon (ph.) schedules.
The reason we do is by setting up different Elevon schedules and
allowing the body flap to fall as it wishes to control the ve-
hicle, we in effect simulate different CGs on the vehicle.
(Slide)
MR. WHITACRE: One other thing that should be said about the
aerothermal aspects of this is, this is one of those situations
where you.,.."can't have your cake and eat it, too." We have a ve-
hicle .where we had two basic limits on it; one is the surface
temperatures and the other is the bondline temperatures.
ature goes down, or vice versa. If you try to hold the surface
temperature down, you let the bondline temperature go up.
(Slide)
MR. WHITACRE: The next slide, which is page 35, is just an
isotherm of the kind of temperatures we are expecting to get dur-
ing entry, and every isotherm is different, depending on the pro-
file you are flying. This is just a typical isotherm, it doesn't
represent any single OFT flight or any other flight for that mat-
ter, but it does give you a pretty good idea of the kind of tem-
perature distribution you are getting across the vehicle.
(Slide)
(Slide)
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with payloads.
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(Slide)
MR. KEYSER: We are on slide number 14 right now. As far as
the intact abort modes are concerned, these are done to a pre-
planned landing site, not like a ballistics trajectory like the
previous mission. This thing can fly and we are going to try to
get it back to launch site. It is called a RTLS, return to launch
site, as long as we can.
J
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There are two different types of abort within it, after the
press call this is determined by -- you keep building to get into
orbit even after you have lost one main engine, one of the three
main engines. That determines the start of the press to MECO.
And the two abort modes are: abort once around and abort to
orbit. Next slide, please.
(Slide)
The arc to your left has the SRBs separate here and the SRBs
fall .into the Atlantic. It goes on, and roughly right in here is
the last point where you could turn around and come back, and you
turn the thing around and come back, to separate from the exter-
nal tank, that fall into the water and you fly back to KSC. I
have- a couple of slides on each one of these modes just a little
bit later so I will go on to a little bit more detail.
(Slide)
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Now, you cannot get into orbit, the ATO orbit, until about
seven to 10 later; so there is about a seven to 10-second period
in here that you have AOA capability only, but then after that
you have both. Next slide, please.
(Slide)
MR. KEYSER: You don't have this on the net. I have two
slides here, and the one on the left is just some words that
tells that the RTLS is broken up into two stages. One is what is
called th'e powered phase, and the glide return phase.
The powered phase goes clear around to here until you have
ET sep, after you have your main cut-off. But as soon as you do
initiate the abort, the vehicle changes attitutde and loft and
goes a little higher to get more altitude.
And about right here they start pitching around, and when
they get over here they are actually flying backwards, and
pointing back towards the Cape still burning the main engines.
And when they get down to here, they have to get in the right
attitude for separation, so they start pitching down. And then
they have MECO and ET sep, and the external tank goes on into the
water there in the Atlantic, and the Orbiter follows this kind of
a profile.
(Slide)
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(Slide)
MR. KEYSER: The abort-to-orbit, two charts again, a word
chart on the left. What we try to do to abort-to-orbit is to get
into a 105 nautical mile circular orbit, which is safe for sev-
eral days, but we don't have enough energy to go on into a normal
150 mile orbit.
(Slide)
MR.- KEYSER: This is a graphic of the geometry of an ATO.
Getting into orbit here shortly after MECO, you determine that
before OMS-1 you have to know very soon, within this two minute
period that you are going to do an ATO so you can target for 105
here instead of 150, so then he burns this one to get his 105,
and then over here he goes 150.
Now, depending on what is wrong, if there is nothing wrong,
and depending on how much fuel we have got left, what we will do
is we will do two more OMS burns later on the first day to raise
this up' on either and make it circular, as high as we can within
the fuel we have got remaining.
(Slide)
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(Slide)
MR. KEYSER: What I have done here is shown you the timeline
along the bottom in hours, and I have the orbit opportunities for
each orbit. You notice there is none right in here where we don't
have a capability, or cross-range capability to get to any of
these sites.
The next several events that are happening are just getting
the Or biter set up to stay in orbi t "f rcrrr "th'e'^lmrrrch phase. You
will have another TV show roughly at 8 hours and 9 1/2 hours, two
separate ones. The first one is going to be of the pilot in the
crew quarters and the second will be the commander and pilot in
the aft flight deck.
(Slide)
MR. KEYSER: The second day is planned around a deorbit re-
hearsal, 'which is going to begin roughly right in here, 23 hours,
24 hours, and the end about 30 hours. And this particular se-
quence of events that happen from begin deorbit rehearsal to end
deorbit are the identical timeline that the crew is going to do
on the next day when they really plan to come in. Now if there
is something wrong we will come in on this particular day, if we
don't choose to go past this particular time.
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• MR KEYSER: No.
*
MR. SLAYTON: I think, Craig, you are referring obviously to
our problems with a nozzle on MPT and what that does to us in a
thrust limiting world. And I think we are not sure what that
means right this minute.
MR. SLAYTON: I don't think you've got the right guys on the
loop to 'give you the bottom line on that. I can tell you what I
know about it which is second or third hand. We appear to have
had a failure in the nozzle which dumped hydrogen and ended up
with an over tempt on the pump because we were running LOX rich
and that is what caused the shut-down.
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worse case maybe even the engines. But we can do that in the
vertical. But to answer your question, we don't think that will
have any impact on rollout or mating.
MR. COVAULT: This is Craig Covault again. Deke, an IMU
question on this turn-around of the IMU in the countdown if you
need to, has JSC decided how long you can hold on the IMU — I
understand it went all the way up to about 50 minutes which could
really open things up for you if you got that much hold time on
it before recycling it?
MR. SLAYTON: We got a hundred right now. We had another
constraint that was an ADI (attitude direction indicator) con-
straint. We need a "read-write" in the LCC (launch commit cri-
teria) to fix that problem. That was giving us a 20-minute hold
and we think we are going to get that approved.
Right now we can cope with a total of two hours in OPS-1, (a
computer software mode) which gives us 20 minutes for counting
and a 100 minutes for hold. We know we are going to have some-
thing^ (inaudible) at 50 or 60 minutes, we will obviously recycle
back to 71 minutes and pick up from there anyway. I guess in
essence we've got almost unlimited capability right now.
MR. ROSSITER: This is Rossiter again. Can you discuss the
change in you target from March 10th to March 14th? I understand
someone just added another test and that was the reason it was
stretched out four days. --
MR. SLAYTON: That is exactly right. We had a series of
seven missions runs and SIT (Shuttle Integrated Test). There was
not an LRV, a launch verification in after FRF. We put that in
and that represents about the four days. The other modification
they did the program at the same time we did put in an APU (aux-
iliary power unit) hot fire ahead of the FRF, but that is no
schedule impact. That is where the four days is.
MR. COVAULT: This is Covault again. Deke, could you review
any maturation or maturing of the OFT Program that you may have
done as you looked at things in the last several months? And
where are some areas in the OFT Program itself that you might
think seriously about changing if things went especially well on
STS-1?
MR. SLAYTON: Well, if your question is: Do we have any
"hip pocket" plan to cut back on the number of flights and do the
program quicker, I don't think we do. We are based on a success
schedule right now. And as you are aware of, we do have some
performance problems staring us in the face downstream, and we
are going to have to make some modifications, most likely one we
understand all of that.
I personally don't visualize any great change in the struc-
ture of it from four flights to three, two or that kind of busi-
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MR. KEYSER: Yes, sir. The capability will exist but we are
not going to plan it.
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NOVEMBER 5, 1980
PRESENTED BY
DONALD K.ISLAYTON
ORBITAL FLIGHT TEST PROGRAM (OFT)
WHAT IS IT
9 THE" OFT IS A FOUR ORBITAL FLIGHT TEST PROGRAM, WITH LAUNCHES AT KENNEDY
SPACE CENTER AND NOMINAL LANDINGS AT EDWARDS AIR FORCE BASE, WHICH HAS
BEEN PLANNED TO VERIFY AN EARLY OPERATIONAL CAPABILITY OF THE SPACE
TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM,
OBJECTIVES
9 CONDUCT A TEST PROGRAM WHICH CONFIRMS THE INITIAL DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE
CAPABILITIES OF THE STS, RELATIVE TO DESIGN OBJECTIVES WITH THE MINIMUM
NUMBER OF FLIGHTS, :
i
MAJOR CONSIDERATIONS j
i ;
® MAJOR PART OF ORBITER TEST AND CHECKOUT COMPLETED WITH GOOD RESULTS
o LAUNCH FACILITIES ESSENTIALLY COMPLETED FOR OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES
® LANDING FACILITY PREPARATIONS PROGRESSING SATISFACTORILY
- EDWARDS AFB/DFRC FACILITIES ESSENTIALLY COMPLETED FOR OPERATIONAL
ACTIVITIES
-NORTHRUP STRIP AIRFIELD OPERATIONALLY READY; LANDING SUPPORT
AND TURN-AROUND FACILITY PREPARATION ON-SCHEDULE
FLIGHT CREW, LAUNCH OPERATIONS; FLIGHT CONTROL OPERATIONS AND
ORBITER TURN-AROUND OPERATIONS PREPARATION ON SCHEDULE
LONG DURATION INTEGRATED MISSION SIMULATIONS
i
ARE SCHEDULED FOR DECEMBER,
!
i
I
LfVH, E, WHITACRE
ORBITAL FLIGHT TEST PROGRAM
CXttftMAlTANK OFT PROVIDES VERIFICATION
ilfARATION
vn cmi
W-l
ORBITAL FLIGHT TEST PROGRAM.
THE FLIGHT TEST OF VEHICLE SYSTEMS IS THE CONCLUDING VERIFICATION EFFORT
IN A LONG SERIES OF COMPONENT/SUBSYSTEM/SYSTEMS TESTS INITIALLY CONDUCTED
IN GROUND FACILITIES
'STA
UCtNO
0 ENTRY HEATING
EXTERNAL TANK TESTS STRUCTURAL [ f ' I FAtRICAl
FABRICATION
ASSY. SI TUP
SOLID ROCKET SRISVSKWS STfiUCTUMAl P*~
BOOSTER T E S T S
W-Z
ORBITAL FLIGHT TEST PROGRAM
MASTER FLIGHT
[TEST ASSIGNMENTS
DOCUMENT
FLIGHT
REQUIREMENTS FLIGHT
DOCUMENT . PROFILES
FLIGHT
TEST
w ACT!VITV PLAN
REQUIREMENTS IFl IEHT Rill
DOCUMENT
W-3
OFT SUMMARY
OFT FLIGHT REQUIREMENTS DEFINITION & FLIGHT PLANNING
ASCENT
«*MMM
ASCENT Q MAX 580 PSF 620 PSF 650 PSF 580 PSF
Q MAX DISPERSED 660 PSF 720 PSF 765 PSF 790 PSF
CREW SIZE 2 2 , 2 2
ASCENT HEATING
r
O ADEQUACY OR MARGIN OF TPS DESIGN
WHY" 0 ET BREAKUP ANALYSES INPUTS
,0 WEIGHT OR DESIGN IMPROVEMENT
CHANGES
ASCENT LOADS
0 SRB TO ET LOADS
TANK-ORBITER
OFVBITF.R AFT ATTACHMENT 0 ET TO ORBITER STRUT LOADS
\
0 DYNAMIC RESPONSES
TANK OR8ITEN 23.34 METERS
t UHWAHU ATTACHMENT I7G.C FT)
-_
L^Jl/iW/ratfft
ORBITAL FLIGHT IhSI PKUbKAN
DISCONNECT
P060 IS A DYNAMIC INTERACTION OF THE
COVER DOOR IN
AFT $ODY ONLY -
TOTAL PROPELLANT, FLOW SYSTEM IN RESPONSE
LO, FEEOLINE
TO FLIGHT CONDITION'S (INCLUDING VEHICLE
DYNAMICS) WHICH IN TURN CAN CAUSE
INSTABILITY IN ENGINE PERFORMANCE,
PRESSURIZATION
L02 FILl/ORAfM
DISCONNECT
LH2 FIll/DR/MN
DISCONNECT
OR8ITER/EXT TANK
OR8ITER/EXT TANK
L02 DISCONNECT
LH 2 DISCONNECT
W-/0
ORBITAL FLIGHT TEST PROGRAM
ENVIRONMENT CHARACTERIZATION
WHY - DEFINE THE REAL PAYLOAD BAY ENVIRONMENT FOR THE ANALYSIS OF PAYLOADS RESPONSES
AND FOR THE DESIGN OF FUTURE PAYLOADS,
W-ll
ON-ORBIT FLIGHT TESTS
DATA COLLECTION 1 if
2 1 4' POST OFT
THERMAL CONTROL SYSTEMS '-, X X X ,X X
POGO STABILITY (QMS) X X X X
ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEM V
A X X X
CONTAMINATION MONITORING X X X X
PAYLOAD BAY ENVIRONMENT
•1
X X X X
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SYSTEMS X X X X
CABIN NOISE X X X X X
COMMUNICATIONS AND TRACKING X X X X X
GUIDANCE/NAVIGATION PERFORMANCE X X X X
RENDEZVOUS SYSTEMS
FLIGHT CONTROL/HYDRAULICS X X
ACTIVITY TFSTS
W-12
ON-UNbl I r-Lium
THERMAL CONTROL SYSTEMS
STS-1 STS-2 STS-4 POST OFT
+ZLV, X-POP TAIL +ZLV, 88 HRS PTC 10 HRS PTC, 10 HRS HI BETA, +Y SI
TO SUN 5/3/6/3, 6/10, +X SI, 80 HRS ATTITUDES,(EQUIP
34 HRS -Z SI, W HRS NOT AVAILABLE IN
-X SI, 80 HRS PTC, 10 HRS OFT, LACK OF TEST
+Z SI, 26 HRS +Z SI/ 20 HRS TIME)
BENIGN CONDITIONS BENIGN CONDITIONS -THERMAL STABILIZ -THERMAL STABILIZ -QMS PROP LINES
FOR BASELINE (ATTITUDE TO -COLD BONDLINE -COLD FRCS, MLG, -QMS HTRS, HYD
DATA SUPPORT OSTA-1) CONSTRAINT, DEEP STARTRACKER AMD SYSTEM & MLG
SPACE VIEWING, HYDAULICS -KU-BAND SYSTEM
COLD PAYLOAD -WARM BOTTOM -COLD BONDLINE
ATTACHMENTS STRUCTURAL CONSTRAINTS
-COLD MID + AFT RECOVERY -PAYLOAD BAY
FUSELAGE, QMS, -FRCS SOAKBACK. • CONDITIONS
HYDRAULICS AND -ARCS SOAKBACK -RCS SOAKBACKS
MLG -POTABLE AND -AIRLOCK
-QMS DUTY CYCLE WASTE WATER -PAYLOAD BAY KIT
-ARCS SOAKBACK LINES -LONG DURATION
-STARTRACKER -FLASH EVAP AND QMS BURN
FLASH EVAP AND WATER FEEDLINE
WATER FEEDLINE HOT COLD W-13
I7I-M
CD
c/:
TJ
o
CO C
CT
CD
CD
TOP TO EARTH (*Z LV) PASSIVE THERMAL CONTROL TAIL TO SUN BOTTOM TO EARTH TOP TO SUN (+1 SI)
(PTC) ORQITAL RATE (6/3, £/3, 6/10)
'SUN
— SUN
TAIL TO SUN (+X SI) BOTTOM TO SUN (-Z SI) NOSE TO SUN (-X SI)
SUN
SUN SUN
— SUN
TO SUN (-Z SI) TOP TO SUN (+Z SI) SIDE SUN (+Y SI) BOTTOM TO EARTH ORBITAL RATE
73' BETA > 73° BETA > 73' BETA ^ > 73* B TA
(6/3, 6/3, 6/10)
SUM $UH SU
TAIL TO SUM {U SI) NOSE TO SUN {-X SI) SIDE SUN (*Y SI) ROLLED RIGHT :40*
>'73° BETA > 73* BETA \ BETA
W-16
ORBITAL FLIGHT TEST PROGRAM
ON-ORB1T TESTS
YLO/\n P»Y DOOR TESTS
Latch tests » Latch tests » PLOD cycle after e PLOD cycle after e PLDD cycle after
Opening & closing a PLOD cycle after 24 hrs 6/3,6/3,6/10 00 hrs +X SI 40 hrs +Y SI
test 80 hrs +Z LV • PLBD cycle after e PLOD cycle after
Radiator deploy 00 hrs -X SI 40 hrs -Z SI
I'LOD cycle test 9 PLOD cycle after
after 12 hrs of 26 hrs +2 SI
PTC or +Z LV
Radiator stowing/
door closing
PASSIVE ROLLER
ACTIVE LATCH
PASSIVE SHEAR
FITTING
LEFT DOOR
W-18
VERIFICATION'OF DOOR OPERATIONS UNDER VARIED THERMAL CONDITIONS
ORBITAL FLIGHT TEST PROGRAM
RUDDER/SPEED DRAKE
HYDRO-MECHANICAL
ACTUATION
AFT ET SEPARATION
MANIPULATOR VENT DOOR MECHANISMS
• STRUCTURE DISCONNECT
(OPTIONAL) (BOTH SIDES)
•SYSTEMS DISCONNECT
o S E P A R A T I O N SYSTEM CLOSEOUT OOOR
PAYLOAD
RETENTION PAYLOAD BAY DOOR
ACTUATION AND LATCHING
MANIPULATOR
ENVIRONMENTAL/TEMPERATURE/POWER SYSTEMS
0 RADIATORI.WEAT SINK 0 RADIATOR HEAT 0 RADIATOR HEAT 0 ECLSS TEST- 0 RADIATOR HEAT
CAPABILITY, ON-ORBIT SINK CAPABILITY SINK CAPABILITY LOW CABIN SINK CAPABILITY
DURING ENTRY ON-ORBIT, COLD HEAT LOAD WITH LARGE
CASE FOR 24 HRS PAYLOAD
0 PRSD PERF - IN +X SI
HIGH LOAD'ON
PC'S AT FULL, 0 ATCS TESTS IN
HALF AND MIN VARIOUS
QUANTITY, WITH ATTITUDES .
'STIRRING'
(EFFECTS OF
STRATIFICATION) 0 FLASH EVAP, AND
HIGH DUCT STEAM
FLOW TESTS IN
-X SI
FCP SUBSYSTEM
14-KW CONTINUOUS/24-KW PEAK
27.5 TO 32.5 VOC
REACTANT STORAGE
• 1530-KWH MISSION ENERGY
« 264-KWH ABORT/SURVIVAL ENERGY
112 LB 02 FOR ECLSS
• 92 LB HZ/TANK } TOTAL LOADED
OXYGEN DEWARS • 781 LB 02/TANK J QUANTITY
HYDROGEN DEWARS
P PRELAUNCH
PRODUCT WATER CP/ECLSS UMBILICAL
VALVE MODULE HEAT EXCHANGER (DISCONNECTED
AT T-4 HOURS)
H20 VENT
ZERO "G" STRATIFICATION/ HIGH LOAD, HEAT LEAK, ETC, TESTING W-21
ORBITAL FLIGHT TEST PROGRAM
;
f '~ CABIN TEMP CONTROL DUCTING ATMOSPHERE REVITALIZAT10N UNIT
AVIONICS FANS/HEAT
EXCHANGER HYDRAULIC HEATERS
WASTE MANAGEMENT
N STORAGE
AVIONICS
AIR/FAN COOLING
SPACE RADIATOR
THERMAL/VACUUM,. ZERO "G" FLIGHT DYNAMICS, a REAL THERMAL LOADS EFFECTS ON SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
W-22
ORBITAL FLIGHT TEST PROGRAM
r.OMMHNir.ATIQNS AND TRACKING
STS-1 STS-2 STS-3 STS-4 POST OFT
0 S-BAND PM AND FM TEST 0 ANTENNA SWITCHING 0 CCTV 0 DATA ONLY 0 S-BAND TDRS
TEST TEST
0 UHF ON-ORBIT TEST 0 CCTV 0 DATA ONLY FOR 0 KU-BAND TESTS
0 CCTV OTHER SYSTEMS 0 RENDEZVOUS
RADAR"TESTS
0 PAYLOAD COMM
0 AIR FORCE COMM
GUIDANCE/NAVIGATION TESTS
STS-2 STS-3 POST OFT
0 ACCEL CAL 0 AFT COAS CAL VERIF 0 AFT COAS CAL 0 ST PARTICLE 0 GLOBAL POSITIONS
0 IMU DRIFT 0 AFT COAS IMU 0 FWD COAS CAL INTERFERENCE SATELLITE TESTS
0 AFT,COAS CAL VERIF ALIGN VERIF 0 FWD COAS CAL 0 NAV BASE 0 RENDEZVOUS
0 AFT COAS IMU ALIGN VERIF 0 FWD COAS CAL VERIF VERIF STAB +X SI . SYSTEMS TESTS
0 ST IMU ALIGN VERIF 0 FWD COAS IMU ALIGN 0 FWD COAS IMU
0 ST SUN, EARTH HORIZ VERIF ALIGN VERIF
TEST 0 ST IMU ALIGN 0 NAV BASE STAB
0 ST IMU ALIGN WHILE VERIF +Z SI
ROLLING 0 ST WITHIN 10°-
20° OF HORIZ
0 ST TO IMU ALIGN
0 I MO TO IMU ALIGN
W-23
ORBITAL FLIGHT TEST PROGRAM
1RBITAL MANEUVERING SYSTEM TFSTS
FLIGHT, BURN TIME, ENGINE
STS-1 STS-2 STS-3 STS-4 POST OFT
•.
L.ENG R.ENG L.ENG K.FNG 1 .FNG R.FNG :FNfi R.FNf, .FHR R FMK
20 HRS, -X SI THERMAL CONDITIONING 200
NO CROSS FEED, L;ENG; 200 SEC
ONE ENGINE, NO CROSSFEED, 200 SEC 200 200
SIMULATED ENGINE FAILURE, AUTO, 10 40
CROSSFEED
-SIMULATED ENGINE FAILURE, MTVC 10 HO
BACKUP FLIGHT SYSTEM, TWO ENGINES 30 30
BACKUP FLIGHT SYSTEM, ONE ENGINE, 32
COMBINED WITH LOW TEMP, RESTART
ENGINE RESTART 20
20 HRS, -X SI THERMAL n
o
CONDITIONING PULSE MODE
L.POD TO R,ENGINE CROSSFEED, MTVC 30
R.POD TO L, ENGINE CROSSFEED, AUTO 30
TOTAL ON ORBIT QMS TEST TIME 60 70 100 50 600
PROPELLANT REQUIRED (19,2 LB/SEC) 1152 134/1 1920 960 11,520
QMS TO RCS INTERCONNECT TEST, LBS 1000
TOTAL OMS TEST PROPELLANT, LBS 1152 2W\ 1920 960 12.120 „ „.
ORBITAL FLIGHT TEST PROGRAM
W-25
ENTRY FLIGHT TESTS
0 TACANS X X X X
0 PAYLOAD BAY ENVIRONMENT X X X X
ACTIVITY TESTS
SUMMARIZED ON FOLLOWING CHARTS
W-26
OFT ENTRY FLIGHT TEST
AERODYNAMIC TESTS t
PURPOSE; TO OBTAIN FLIGHT DATA OF ORBITER RESPONSE TO INDUCED NOTION DURING DURING
SELECTED CRITICAL ENTRY PERIODS TO EVALUATE AERODYNAMIC ELASTICITY, CONTROL SYSTEM
EFFECTIVENESS,,AND FLIGHT PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS, VERIFICATION OF WIND TUNNEL
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W-28
OFT
TI Tl
10
Tl* (UCJJ
c<
o 10
BOLL 0 5
I
to
Tl II Tl Tl
TIKI (SUJ)
n u ti
VdOCITT 10*
TAM fj 0
Al
5 •-
ELEVON 0 ••
TRIM
-5 -•
-10 •
P - POST OFT
4 5 6 7 | 8 910' 20 30
MACH NO. W-30
STS-2 STS-3 STS-4
ASI/PTIi
PUSH OVER-PULL UP|
BODY FLAP
16. • 24
•MINUTES fROM El •
OFT
AERODYNAMIC TESTS | W-31
POST OFT
P PUSH OVER-PULL UP
V PODY FLAP
X
UJ
Q
100--
50 -•
0
8 16 24 32
MINUTFS FROM El
POST OFT
AERODYNAMIC TESTS W-32 -
, OFT
ENTRY FLIGHT TESTS
/
AEROTHERHQDYNAMICS
0 SHAPING GROUNDRULES:
SHAPE TRAJECTORY TO SURFACE TEMPERATURE LIMITS WHICH DO NOT EXCEED SINGLE MISSION
TPS MATERIAL CAPABILITY AND MINIMIZE PEAK BONDLINE TEMPERATURE,
2950
WING LEADING EDGE
- FORWARD CHINE
2850
STS-2
STS-i|
2750
SURFACE STS-3
TEMP, STS-1
°F
2650
STS-2
2550 -
STS-;
STS-1
2450
3
t, I
77
30 -20 10 0 -10 -20
BONDLINE TEMPERATURE MAKGIN, °F
''OFT
O'RBiTER ISOTHERMS - TRAJECTORY 14414.1 C
2300F. 2575F
2000F
LOWER SURFACE VIEW
2000F
23GOF
ENTRY/ASCENT
700F / 750F
800 F 750F / 830F
850F / 900F
GOOF
UPPER SURFACE VIEW 800F
1200F '1000F
'DENOTES ACCENT TEMPERATURES *2100F
(MAXIMUM YAW 8 DEC)
*2150F
*2220F
*1000F
2565F
1BOOF SIDE SURFACE VIfW W-35
OFT
AIR DATA SYSTEM
ENTRY FLIGHT TESTS
STS-1 _SIS-2 SJS-3 POST OFT
0 DATA ONLY 0 DEPLOY 1 PROBE AT 0 DEPLOY BOTH 0 DATA ONLY
AT M= 5,0* PROBES AT N=5,0*
* UNDER REVIEW
AUTQLAND
STS-1 STS-9 STS-3 STS-U POST OFT
0 MANUAL APPROACH 0 AUTOLAND TO FLARE, 0 AUTOLAND THRU 0 AUTOLAND 0 AUTOLAND TO
LAKEBED
"IT
MANUAL LAND, ROLLOUT, RHTU ROLL- FLARE, MANUAL
LAKEBED LAKEBED OUT, RUNWAY LAND, KSC
0 DAC PHOTOS 0 DAC PHOTOS 0 DAC PHOTOS 0 DAC PHOTOS 0 AUTOLAND THRU
1
CREK1 ACCOMMODATIONS
ROLLOUT, KSC
0 DAC PHOTOS
0 IT HAS-BEEN RECOGNIZED THAT THE TRANSITION FROM DDT&E TO OPERATIONS IS GRADUAL AMD
THAT SOME TESTING MUST BE CONDUCTED IN THE OPERATIONAL PERIOD,
0 FOR THAT REASON THE OV-102 ORBITER WILL REMAIN INSTRUMENTED BEYOND OFT AND OV-099
WILL HAVE A MUCH SMALLER BUTH ADEQUATE INSTRUMENTATION SET, IN EACH CASE A LARGE
PERCENTAGE OF THE DATA PROCESSING "BLACK BOX" COMPONENTS CAN BE REMOVED FOR WEIGHT
CRITICAL FLIGHTS,
0 THE COMPLETION OF VERIFICATION TESTING OR THE TESTING OF NEW CAPABILITIES CAN THUS
BE CONDUCTED ON A GENERALLY NON-INTERFERENCE BASIS WITH PAYLOAD,
W-37
STS-1 FLIGHT PROFILE
JSC
L, KEYSER
K-l
o OVERVIFVI
o NOMINAL ASCENT
o ASCENT ABORT
o ONORBIT
o DESCENT
K-2
STS-1 FLIGHT OVERVIEW
K-3
STS-1 OVERVIEW
ONORBIT PROFILE:
ORBIT ALTITUDE 150/150 N, MILES
INCLINATION: 10.3 DEGREES
LAUNCH DATE: MARCH 10, 1981
GMT OF LAUNCH (FROM KSC): 12:23:00
EST OF LAUNCH: 7:23 A..M,
LAUNCH WINDOW DURATION: 3 HOURS 42 MINUTES
EARUEST: LAUNCH LIGHTING REQUIREMENT
LATEST : SUN-RUNWAY AZIMUTH/ELEVATION CONSTRAINT
MISSION DURATION: 54,5 HOURS
PST OF LANDING (AT EAFB): 10:53 A,M,
K-4
r~ m CD CD CD CD O O CD o IS CO ~o i— oo CD
m m m po
m CD CD CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO ; ( » OO X ^H -Ti 60
o t t t I I I I I oo CD O —I
I—I bo oo 4=- 4=- V-M ro ro CO .o zr i —«
CD CD CD
CD
CT) cr> CD CD pa m • ~n >—• OO
O —«
cr CD CD CD —« CD »—• oo
:x> I
~n CD *—« ~n •—i ~n •—• •—• CD
i —i CD o CD CD ^
C3 O 50 OO
G3 f™"~ CD m
m >—• LX: IZD
<• i
L—.
^ZJ 3 1
• "•> fc^B^
II 3> V- m oo
-H CD -H
m oo {•"> 00
\jr\ v_n v»n wn v/i Vjsl VjJ Vjsl OJ ». co \jr\ f~^ m 1
r* Ip- \^»j \^sj v>j 1—• 1—* 1—' CD <Z) CD CD CD CD CD CD CD CD O O •—• 0 3= »-• \—t
X^^ tf*)
CD 0 0 O CD C3 r- ro
i j-i
f^J ' y^VJ m V«AI
GO OO OO DO DO 00 oo
»—« •— 1 (—4 >— t t—> 0
^H -H —1 —1 -H —) o ^
-
IS 3
II II II II II II •
'
V—. v_.
m
ro v—1 vn t—• m
x,,^ V^Aj «
4=- 4=- v/i ^**J -H
t—• 10 to CD \ *>^ GO oo
4^ "^ '^ ^^ h-' OO •
03 K—• J—• J—* cn CD -H
ui un vjn CD •
CD CD CD *—'
STS-1 FLIGHT ASCENT
K-6
STS-1 ASCENT GROUNDTKACK AND POST-MECO
COMMUNICATION COVERAGE
LIFTOFF 0:00 0, 0,
THROTTLE FOR DYN PRESSURE 0:31 ,1 1,7
1 MAX, DYN PRESSURE 0:53 1.7 1,1
2 " SRB SEPARATION 2 :12 21, 27,
3 [ MECO (ET SEP) 8:32 710, 13/80
1 ] OMS-1 IGNITION 10 :32
5 "_ OMS-1 CUTOFF 12 :22 57/150
6 " OMS-2 IGNITION 45 :52
7 ~ OMS-2 CUTOFF 47 :22 150/150
K-8
STS-1 SRB IMPACT FOOTPRINT
SRB Impact
constraint [Compos i te SRU
impact footprint
Nominal
SRB
staging
10 10
20
S 20 -
O)
•a
Incnnation - <1(7.3
30 30
E.T impact
Latitude - 30.95
Longitude = 93.22°
40
ND1AN OCHAN
50 50
K-12
ASCENT ABORTS
INTACT ABORT CAPABILITY PROVIDES A ROUTE FOR SAFE RETURN OF THE CREW,
ORBITER, AND PAYLOAD TO A PLANNED LANDING SITE, ThlE PRIMARY REQUIREMENT
FOR AN INTACT ABORT CAPABILITY IS TO PROVIDE PROTECTION AGAINST THE LOSS OF
A SINGLE SPACE SHUTTLE M A I N ENGINE (SSME) OR A SINGLE ORBITAL MANEUVERING
SYSTEM (QMS) ENGINE,
K-13
INTACT ABORT MODES
K-M
TYPES OF INTACT ABORTS
ADORT-TO-ORBIT (ATO)
TRAJECTORY CIRCULARIZATION
ENTRY
INTERFACE
RETURN TO LAUNCH
SITE (RTLS)
DURATION « 22 ABORT-
ONCE-AROUNO
STAGING DURATION « 107 MIN
SOLID ROCKET
BOOSTERS (SRB)
MAIN ENGINE
CUTOFF (MECO)
K-15
STS-1
ASCENT ABORT CAPABILITY
NOMINAL
EARLIEST MECO
GET = '1:23 GET = 8:32
RTLS
LATEST
GET =-
i i
0 2 8 10
TIME AFTER LIFT-OFF, M1N
K-16
RTLS ;
K-17
TYPICAL^RTLS PROFILE
RTLS al)0rt flight phases
"Nominal launch
trajectory
T3
3g's
Nominal entry
trajectory
ET
Irajectory
* ADEQUATE ENERGY (SSME AND QMS) FOR ORBITFR TO ELY AT LEAST ONE REVOLUTION
7 'AND THEN DEORBIT TO LAND AT NORTHRUP STRIP, N,M,
» 2 QMS MANEUVERS
OMS-1 (OPTIMIZES ORBITAL CONDITIONS FOR OMS-2)
OMS-2 (DEORBIT MANEUVER - PROVIDES DESIRED ENTRY CONDITIONS)
9 REQUIRED FOR
©o SINGLE SSME FAILURE PRIOR TO ACCEPTABLE ORBIT CAPABILITY
9c TIME CRITICAL FAILURES REQUIRING IMMEDIATE RETURN (AFTER RTLS
CAPABILITY ENDS)
K-19
STS-1
ADA POST-MECO GEOMETRY
OMS-l
PERIGEE -\'
(62 N.. Ml.)
QMS-2
ENTRY
INTERFACE
(400,000 FT)
K-20
ABORT TO ORBIT (ATO)
c ADEQUATE ENERGY (SSME AND OMS) FOR ORBITER TO ACHIEVE 105 N.MI, CIRCULAR
,,ORBIT (AND DEORBIT) BUT INSUFFICIENT ENERGY (SSME AND QMS) TO ACHIEVE NOMINAL
150 N.MI, CIRCULAR ORBIT,
e SIMILAR TO NOMINAL MISSION
OMS-1: RAISES APOGEE TO 105 N.MI,
OMS-2: CIRCULARIZES ORBIT TO 105 N.MI,
o REQUIRED WHEN SINGLE SSME FAILURE PRIOR TO CAPABILITY TO ACHIEVE NOMINAL ORBIT
(150 N.MI,CIRCULAR)
K-21
STS-1
ATO POST-MECO GEOMETRY
CIRCULAR ORBIT
(105 N, MI,)
PERIGEE /
N, MI.K7
APOGEE
(105 N, MI,)
K-22
CONTINGENCY ABORT MOOES
® EJECTION
c DITCHING
K-23
STS-1 FLIGHT ONORBIT
SIS-1
ONORBIT TIMELINE
OMS-l
MEAL
OMS-2
F SYS; STATUS
L CONFIG COMPUTERS
TV CHECK OUT
I, ,OPEN DOORS (TV)
G PRE SLEEP ACTIVITIES
H IMU ALIGN
SLEEP
T CONFIG ORBITER
FOR ORBITAL OPS
A FLT TESTS OBJ (FTO'S)
C (STAR TRACKER,
ATTITUDE HOLD)
T
I MEAL
V 1ECK OUT
I LANDING SITES
T IMU ALIGN E
(FTO'S); EDWARD AFB, CALIF
I N NORTHRUP STRIP, N MEX
TV SET UP K KENNEDY SPACE CEN, FLA
E I H HICKAM FIELD, HAWAII
S ! TV STATUS D KADENA, OKINAWA
| REPORT R ROTA, SPAIN
oE cE oE «E !• E
DEORBIT © N ®N eN •N ON «'D •D • D oD
OPPORTUNITIESES ® K e K •K »K •H
Li , i i I i | , | i | i 1 i I i 1 i 1
o 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
GROUND ELAPSED TIME, HOURS
K-25
STS-1
ONORBIT TIMELINE
(CONTINUED) i
oE oE oE oE
DEORBIT r f"«
OK oK oK OK OK oD oD
OPPORTUNITIES
iES »R •R ®R OR ON oN oN ON ON OH OH
i i I i , 1 i 1 i 1 i 1 i i t t i 1 i 1
18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36
GROUND ELAPSED TIME, HOURS
K.-26
STS-1
ONORBIT TIMELINE
(CONCLUDED)
PRE SLEEP SNACK
E •E o E o E
•
DEORBIT o N •N • N eN
OPPORTUNITIES «o ®D eR • R e R • K' •K • K •K e K • K
\ i ! > 1 i 1 i I t l i 1 , I i I . I
36 38 40 42 44 46 48 50 52 5'
GROUND ELAPSED TIME, HOURS K-27
STS-1 FLIGHT DESCENT
K-28
DESCENT
DEORBIT
ENTRY
K-29
120 140 160 180 160 140 120 100
EAST WEST
LONGITUDE, DEG
STS-1 ENTRY INTERFACE THROUGH LANDING GROUNDTRACK
11
: -| • i• i • ' '
r ;•::f • • :- • rt -
I i ,! \':.\ :l' l
K-31
STS-1 APPROACH AND LANDING GROUNDTRACK
•i'lo1 — i - r i —— • i 1 ~
UI'IO' 111*0'
' fit nxwltwlt K-32
National Aeronautics and
Space Administration
Washington. D C. 20546
AC 202 755-8370
For Release.
Orbi ten
-more-
-2-
Mating of the external tank and the twin solid rocket boos-
ters on a mobile launcher platform in High Bay 3 of the Vehicle
Recovery Operations:
Sea trials of the UTC Liberty, first of two specially built
vessels designed for solid rocket booster retrieval, are sched-
uled to begin Wednesday afternoon, November 5.
-more-
-3-
Payloads;
-end-