European – United States Defence Expenditure in 2009

Date: 21.12.2010
European – United States Defence Expenditure in 2009

Brussels, December 2010

EDA has compared its data on European defence expenditure with United States defence
spending in 2009. The data show that the US spent €498 Billion on defence in 2009, almost two
point six times more than the €194 billion spent in Europe.

European data represent spending by the 26 EDA participating Member States*. US data are
based on public sources, mainly US Government publications.

* All EU Member States except Denmark participate in the EDA.

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EUROPEAN – US DEFENCE EXPENDITURE – General

Europe* US**

Total Defence Expenditure € 194 Bln € 498 Bln

Defence Expenditure as % of GDP 1,67% 4,90%

Defence Expenditure as % of Total Government

3,3% 11,7%
Expenditure

Defence Expenditure per Capita € 392 € 1.622

*Europe means 26 EDA participating Member States

**Euro/Dollar exchange rate is based on average for 2009: 1,3948 3
 EUROPEAN – US DEFENCE EXPENDITURE – General
14.000
GDP, Overall Government Expenditure and Defence Expenditure
€ 12.272
€ 12.072
12.000 Europe € 11.584
€ 11.316
US
€ 10.509
€ 10.102 € 10.170
10.000 € 9.770
Billions of Euros

8.000

€ 5.728 € 5.858
6.000 € 5.525
€ 5.303

€ 4.246
€ 3.807 € 3.743 € 3.786
4.000

2.000

€ 492 € 454 € 466 € 498

€ 201 € 204 € 201* € 194
0
GDP Government Defence GDP Government Defence GDP Government Defence GDP Government Defence
Expenditure Expenditure Expenditure Expenditure Expenditure Expenditure Expenditure Expenditure
. . . .
2006 2007 2008 2009
* Data has been revised.
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 EUROPEAN – US DEFENCE EXPENDITURE – General
€ 40.000
Expenditure per Capita
€ 35.062
€ 35.000 € 33.454 Europe € 33.109
€ 31.600 US
€ 30.000

€ 25.000 € 23.466
€ 22.780
€ 22.073
€ 21.256

€ 20.000

€ 15.000

€ 10.000

€ 5.000

€ 1.640 € 1.504 € 1.532 € 1.622

€ 412 € 417 € 409* € 392
€0
GDP per Capita Defence Spend per GDP per Capita Defence Spend per GDP per Capita Defence Spend per GDP per Capita Defence Spend per
Capita Capita Capita Capita
. . . .
2006 2007 2008 2009
* Data has been revised.
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EUROPEAN – US DEFENCE EXPENDITURE – Reform

Europe US

Military Personnel 1.668.537 1.418.142

Civilian Personnel 426.335 738.872

Defence Spend per Military € 166.264 € 351.353

Investment (Equipment Procurement and R&D) per

€ 24.522 € 108.920
Military

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EUROPEAN – US DEFENCE EXPENDITURE – Reform

Europe US

Personnel Expenditure € 98,4 Bln € 104,3 Bln

Operations & Maintenance € 44,2 Bln € 194,1 Bln

Investment (Equipment Procurement and R&D) € 40,9 Bln € 154,5 Bln

Research & Development € 8,4 Bln € 57,4 Bln

(Includes Research & Technology) € 2,3 Bln € 8,2 Bln

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 EUROPEAN – US DEFENCE EXPENDITURE – Reform
Defence Expenditure Breakdown in Volume of Money
€ 498,3
500
€ 466,4

450

400

350
Europe
Billions of Euros

300 US

250

€ 201,4 * € 194,1 € 194,0

200
€ 166,2 € 173,4
€ 154,5
150
€ 107,4*
€ 92,6 € 98,4 € 104,3
100

€ 41,9 € 43,3 € 45,4 € 40,9 € 44,2

50 € 34,0
€ 8,8* € 10,5
0
Other Investment O&M Personnel Total Defence Other Investment O&M Personnel Total Defence
Expenditure (Equip. Proc. Expenditure Expenditure Expenditure Expenditure (Equip. Proc. Expenditure Expenditure Expenditure
including including
R&D/R&T) R&D/R&T)
. .
2008 2009
* Data has been revised.
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EUROPEAN – US DEFENCE EXPENDITURE – Reform
Defence Expenditure Breakdown in Percentages

US Europe

* Data has been revised.

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 EUROPEAN – US DEFENCE EXPENDITURE – Reform
180,0
Equipment Procurement and R&D/R&T
€ 166,3

160,0 € 154,0 € 154,5

Europe
US € 141,9
140,0

120,0
Billions of Euros

€ 112,2

€ 97,5 € 97,1
100,0

€ 83,9
80,0

€ 58,0 € 56,5 € 57,4

60,0 € 54,1

€ 41,8 € 41,9 € 40,9

€ 38,8
40,0 € 33,3
€ 32,3 € 32,5
€ 29,1

20,0
€ 9,7 € 9,6 € 8,6 € 8,4 € 10,6 € 9,7
€ 7,3 € 8,2
€ 2,7 € 2,5 € 2,5 € 2,3
0,0
2006

2007

2008

2009

2006

2007

2008

2009

2006

2007

2008

2009

2006

2007

2008

2009
Equipment Procurement R&D R&T (Subset of R&D) Total Investment

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EUROPEAN – US DEFENCE EXPENDITURE – Reform
Equipment Procurement and R&D/R&T in Percentages

US Europe

* Data has been revised.

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 EUROPEAN – US DEFENCE EXPENDITURE – Reform
Military and Civilian Personnel Numbers
2500000 2.424.939

2.294.274
2.234.487 Europe
2.157.014
2.084.488 2.109.437
2.075.652 US 2.094.872

2000000 1.940.112
1.836.882
1.800.707

1.668.537

1500000 1.401.757 1.418.142

1.384.968 1.379.551

1000000

738.872
699.520 696.101 707.680

484.827 457.392
500000 433.780 426.335

0
Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total Total
Personnel Military Civilian Personnel Military Civilian Personnel Military Civilian Personnel Military Civilian
Personnel Personnel Personnel Personnel Personnel Personnel Personnel Personnel
. . . .
2006 2007 2008 2009
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 EUROPEAN – US DEFENCE EXPENDITURE – Reform
400.000
Defence Spend and Investment per Military
€ 354.898 € 351.353
350.000
€ 329.201 € 332.699

300.000 Europe US

250.000

200.000

150.000
€ 127.296
€ 111.117 € 111.604 € 111.845* € 116.264
€ 103.602 € 108.920
€ 102.489
100.000

50.000
€ 20.002 € 22.795 € 23.274 € 24.522

0
Defence Spend Investment Defence Spend Investment Defence Spend Investment Defence Spend Investment
per Military (Equipment per Military (Equipment per Military (Equipment per Military (Equipment
Procurement and Procurement and Procurement and Procurement and
R&D) per Military R&D) per Military R&D) per Military R&D) per Military
. . . .
2006 2007 2008 2009
* Data has been revised.
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EUROPEAN – US DEFENCE EXPENDITURE – Reform

Outsourcing
US Europe

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 EUROPEAN – US DEFENCE EXPENDITURE – Deployability
Average Number of Troops Deployed in Figures

2.000.000 1.940.112 Europe

1.836.882
1.800.707 US
1.668.537

1.500.000 1.401.757 1.418.142

1.384.968 1.379.551

1.000.000

500.000

198.800 209.700 230.500

187.600
83.300 77.900 80.177 67.767

0
Total Military Average Number Total Military Average Number Total Military Average Number Total Military Average Number
Personnel of Troops Personnel of Troops Personnel of Troops Personnel of Troops
Deployed Deployed Deployed Deployed
. . . .
2006 2007 2008 2009
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EUROPEAN – US DEFENCE EXPENDITURE – Deployability
Average Number of Troops Deployed in Percentages

US Europe

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