1. Lifecycle model Used?

2.
3. When there is a new enhancement, what kind of test cases will you
write and how will you ensure that everything is covered?

a. We have to write Functional TCs. Based upon the Traceability

matrix we came to know whether everything is covered in the
enhancement.

4. Explain Integration Testing?

a. In Integration Testing, we can test the multiple components

5. What is the audit process? How do you perform the audit?

Requirements for the QA Audit meeting:
a. Project Plan
b. Project requirements document(s) – All requirements have
to be available in requirements documents – No exceptions
c. System Test Plan
d. System Test Scripts with Traceability

The auditor may ask questions to the team what was their understanding on
the requirement, how did they implement/test and what strategy did they
follow?

6. What is Defect Density? What is the formula? Explain with example.

Defect density = Total no of bugs/Total no of test cases or (KLOC)

7. What is change management?

Change management is also called as change request.
• Prepare change request
• Perform impact analysis (work product, effort schedule)
• Re-estimate delivery schedule
• Review impact with senior management and other effected
groups, as necessary
• Obtain approval from change control board
• Implement the approved changes in the work item
• Perform review/testing process to verify the implementation
of change
• Update closure status of change request.

8. How you calculate Schedule variance? What is the formula?

Schedule Variance = (Actual -Planned) / (Planned) * 100
9. What are the metrics available? What are the formulas?
Product Metrics
1. Defect Density
Refer Question 4
2. Customer Satisfaction

Process Metrics
1. Schedule Variance
Refer Question 6
2. Effort Variance
Effort Variance = ((Actual Effort – Planned Effort)/Planned) * 100

Quality Metrics
1. Defect Removal Efficiency
DRE= (Defect Found by Internal Team/Total no of defects found) *
100
2. Defect Containment Effectiveness

Test Coverage = Number of units (KLOC/FP) tested / total size of the

system. (LOC represents Lines of Code)
Test cost (in %) = Cost of testing / total cost *100
Quality of Testing = No of defects found during Testing/ (No of
defects found during testing + No of acceptance defects found after
delivery) *100
Test Execution Productivity = No of Test cycles executed / Actual
Effort for testing

10. What is Regression Testing?

If a bug or CR is raised against the development, after

implementing the same, testing will be done to check the bug/CR
and the impacted areas.
This type of testing is Regression

11. What is Quality product?

A quality product definition varies from company to company.
Generally, quality product is consistently meeting customer's
requirements in terms of costs, delivery schedule & services offered.

12. What
is test scenario? Explain with example (positive and negative
aspect)
 Test scenario is an use case which is part of a requirement or
functionality. A requirement is divided into multiple use cases; each
use case is further divided into multiple test cases.

13. What is the difference between a bug and a defect

Defect: error appearing but doesn't mention in the requirements.
Bug: Anything doesn't match the requirement.

14. What
is Retesting?
Retesting: do same test again. When we said retest the project which
is mean detailed test for this project.

15. What is test data?

Test data means all type of input and output data which is used to test
the application

16. What are entry and exit criteria?

Entry criteria:
Making the application ready for the testing being continued by setting
all the necessary system properties, required operating systems,
necessary hardware configurations etc...
Also checking for the necessary docs which need for the application
test.

Exit Criteria:
1. To check whether the docs made for the application are up to date.
2. To check whether the application is performing as intended to,
satisfying the requirements spec.
3. To check whether the testing has been completed on the application
with 0 bugs or above 95% accuracy.

17. Give examples of boundary value and equivalence partitioning

test cases.

Boundary value analysis:

Ex : consider the numbers from 1 - 1000 which should provide valid
results when entering a value in between them.

We will break the numeric from - infinity to + infinity in to three cases

as explained in step 1,2 and 3

step 1: 1 to 1000 (When entering a value starting from 1 to ending

with 1000, should provide valid results as defined) - Pass
 step 2: - infinite to 0 (When entering a value starting from - infinite to
ending with 0, should provide Invalid results) – Fail

step 3: 1001 to + Infinite (When entering a value starting from 1001 to

ending with + Infinite, should provide Invalid results) - Fail

Equivalence Class Partitioning:

Consider an example, like a text box on the form need to accept only
"Special Characters"

So here comes the following:

Valid Case: “Only special characters" - when entering these characters
should not display any validation message
Invalid Case: “A-Z, a-z, 0-9" - when entering these characters should
display validation messages

18. What is stub?

Stub is a dummy module which behaves like a unbuilt feature. In top-
Down approach we are going foe Stubs