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6165-022 JUNE 2010
Technician Diploma in Construction
Drawing and surveying techniques 2 - principles

Tuesday You should have the

8 June 201 0 following for this examination
09:30 - 1 1:30 . a rnultiple-choice answer sheet
. a pen with black or blue ink
. a non-programmable calculator

This question paper is the property of the city and Guilds of London
lnstitute and is to be returned after the examination.

Read the following notes before you answer any questions

. You must use a pen with black or blue ink to complete all parts of the answer sheet.
. Check that you have the correct answer sheet for the examination.
. Check that your name and candidate details are printed correctly at the top of your answer sheet
. lnform the invigilator if your name or examination details are not correct.
. Each question shows four possible answers (lettered 'a','b',,c,and .d,); only one is correct.
. Decide which one is correct and rnark your answer on the answer sheet with your pen.

For example if you decide 'a' is correct, rnark your answer like this

aoo@
t-c*, Ifc,*r It-c*""r It-c*";n
lf you want to change your answer, cancel your first choice by filling in the 'cancel,
box below the circle like this

mo @c @
l-ilii-"r I l-iiil*r I trc*r-*r I

- the answer which you have now

Then mark decided is correct. For exarnple if you
now decide 'c' is correct, mark your answer like this

l*rO \e, O '\9,

\--J I l-Gill fc*""r I t-c-*r l

Any other marks on the form may invalidate some of your answers.

. Any calculations or rough working can be done on the question paper.

. Atternpt all questions. lf you find a question difficult, Ieave it and return to it later.

This paper contains 60 questions. Answer them using the ,boxes' numbered
1 to 60 on the answer sheet.

@ The City and Guilds of London tnstitute 20t 0

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0965933
 Which one of thetollowing statements I Which one of the following diagrams shows
correctly describes the size of 43 paper? a suspended timber floor on oversite
concrete?
a Half the size of 42 paper.
b Twice the size of A2 paper.
c Smaller than A4 paper.
d Larger than ,A1 paper.

Which one of the following does not

describe the possible lead thickness of an
automatic pencil?

a.1
b.3

re
c.5
d.7
A horizontal line in a drawing is best drawn
using
b
a a set square
b a builders square
c a tee square
d an adjustab[e square.
Which one of the following diagrams shows
Which one of the following is not an item of the correct representation of a stone and
drawing equipment? blockwork cavity wall?

a Tee square. T
b
c
Set square.
Builder's square.
u.m"
d Adjustable square.

Which one of the following is not a standard

drawing medium?

a Tracing paper. x\zv\7ree(d

.b Rice paper.
c Detail paper.
d Cartridge paper.
10 - one of the following diagrams shows
Which
Which is the most economical method of the symbol/hatching for soil?
reproducing small-sized multiple copies?
; . D.
-A-- Tracing.
.,,b
.d:I , %.\'.
Dyeline.
\c Screenprint.
d Photocopying.

When working on a CAD machine the

operator should use

a a stool
f,z'/,/)
r ,/ r./ /,/ t
b an adjustable chair
c a high chair
d a folding chair.

0965933
 11 Which one of the following symbols shows a 14 A dimension line is indicated as
switched socket outlet?

AH
T b#
T c&

15 Which one of the following is a line

description used in drawing?

a Site line.
b Meridian line.
c_ Section line.
d Party line.

12 Which one of the following symbols shows a

16 Which pair of projection methods uses a
table? 45" base line?

a Axonometric : lsometric.
b Cavalier : Cabinet.
c Orthographic : Cabinet.
d lsometric : Cavalier.

17 Which one of the following projection

b
methods would best be used for pictorial
presentation drawings?

a Isometric.
c b Axonometric.
c Orthographic.
d Perspective.

13 Which one of the following scales would

best be used for a construction detail?

a1 : 10.
b1 : 50.
c1 :100.
d1 : 500.

0965933 See next page

 LEFT SIOE ELEVATION
indicates
plan.view
Figure 2

20 Which one of the following views shows the

right-hand side elevation of the object in
Figure 2?

18
Figure 1

Which one of the following views shows

the front elevation of the object drawn in
Figure 1?
ThHil
21 A drawing containing full details, annotation
and measurements is called a

a sketch drawing
b location drawing
c concept drawing
d working drawing.

22 Which one of the following projection

methods would best be used for
publicity/marketing purposes?

a lsometric.
b Perspective.
b c Orthographic.
d Axonometric.

23 Which one of the following statements

19 Which one of the following views shows an describes a station point in relation to
perspective drawing?
elevation of a house?
a The point through which all perspective
lines are drawn. I
b
E The point at which the viewer is
standing when looking at a building
E IE c
being drawn in perspective.
The point used for rotating the image of
the building when drawn in perspective.
d The point from which angular
measurements are taken.
---1

096s933
 \
24 Which one of the following indicates the 30 Which one of the following includes both an
two main advantages of the use of item of CAD hardware and an item of CAD
computer-aided design in the production software?
of construction drawings?
a Plotter, printer.
a Speed of drawing and ease of b Microcad, fastcad.
correction. c Compiler,tablet/digitiser.
b Colourful images and multiple layers. €) Monitor, AutoCAD.
c 3D capability and ease of correctionr
d Speed of drawing and library of details. 31 Which one of the following would provide an
independent check for observations and
25 Which one of the following is the main measurements?
advantage of using CAD (computer-aided
design) in the production of perspectives? a Open traverse with angles and
distances measured.
a Coloured images. b Closed traverse with angles and
b Wealth of detail. distances measured.
c Ease of alteration. c Triangulation with two angles
d Variable viewpoints. measured.
d Trilateration with two distances
26 Which one of the following best describes measured.
the purpose of using sciagraphy?

a To produce depth to buildings by

addition of shadows.
b To enhance realistic appearance of a
building.
c To highlight window openings.
d To indicate glazing.

27 Which of the following would best be

used to give an impression of realism

a Landscaping and linear scale line. Figure 3

o Surround detail and landscaping.
32 Figure 3 shows a triangle ABC which is
C Linear scale line and dimensions.
d Surround detail and dimensions. to be solved by trilateration and where
measurement on site will consist of
28 Which one of the following is not an
enhancement to a drawing? a two sides and one angle, the remaining
parts being calculated by cosine rule or
a Added realism^/ sine rule
b Added detail/ ./ two angles and one side, the remaining
c Added shadow/ parts being calculated by sine rule
d Added cost.( allthree angles plus one computed
side, the remaining sides being
29 Which one of the following does a computer calculated by sine rule
surge socket control on a CAD machine? all three sides, angles being calculated
by the half-angle formula.
a The brightness of the screen.
b The power supply.
c The colour of the image.
d The printer output.

096s933 See next page

 \::\
Reduced levels Not to scale
P 67.25m
o 62.69m
R 66.12m

Figure 5
Figure 4
36 Figure 5 shows a horizontal section for a
survey line PQR with slope distances
33 Figure 4 (not to scale) shows a proposed
indicated. Assuming that the line is straight,
industrial building marked out on site and a
what is the plan distance PR?
total station set-up at A is to be used to
check the position of P. From the given
a 351.75 m.
data, which one of the following gives the 351.84 m.
b
correct check measurement AP? 351.93 m.
C
d 352.02 m.
a 23.40 m.
b 23.96 m.
37 Random errors in surveying are so called
c 24.42 m.
because they can
d 25.27 m.
a accumulate into large errors
34 Which one of the following is the proper be eliminated by random adjustment
b
formula for applying a correction to a slope
c occur despite all Precautions
measurement (l) using the height difference
d be caused by the surveyors rather than
(h)?
the assistant.
h
a* 38 When looking through a surveYing
telescope, parallax is the name given to the
condition in which the
b h2
2r' a object is slightlY out of focus
b cross hairs aPPear to move with
respect to the image
c T. h2
c instrument has not been ProPerlY
levelled
d object distance is too great to allow
h proper focusing.
d;.
l'
39 A level circuit involving five change points
reveals a gross error of 0.62 m. Which one
35 How would the stadia distances between of the following is the most likely reason?
survey points be determined?
a Staff not fully extended.
a By pressing a horizontal component b Collimation error in the instrument.
button on an electronic theodolite. c Unstable change Points.
b By observing the difference between d Staff not held verticallY.
lower and upper hairs and multiplying
by 100.
c Using trigonometry to calculate the
distance from final adjusted
co-ordinates.
d Applying field geometry to allow for
obstructions or sloPing ground'

0965933
 40 The Rise and Fall method of reducing levels
is preferred to the Height of Collimation
method because it
a is quicker and easier to perform ;'
b does not require a levelling circuit to be
closed
c automatically gives levels which are r
related to datum
d checks intermediate levels as well as
' backsights and foresights.
41 A field error in a levelling circuit can be
located by checking
a that the backsights total equals the
foresights total
b the known value of the site datum
c that the number of change points is
equal to the number of intermediate
sight readings
d that the difference in the backsights
and foresights totals is equal to the
known height difference.
42 When beginning the Two Peg test for
permanent adjustment of a levelling
instrument, the main requirement is that
both pegs are clearly visible from the
instrument and that
a both pegs are the same height as each
other
b one peg is at least one metre higher
than the other
c the instrument is placed midway
between the pegs
d the instrument is placed closer to one
peg.
44 ln levelling work, 'flying levels'are defined
AS
a intermediatereadings
b readings which are backsights and
' foresights only
c readings which are taken quickly
d readings which are not included within
a levelling circuit.
45 A base plate is recommended for use in
levelling work because it minimises error
due to
a instrumental error
b change points too close to the
instrument
c change points too far away from the
instrument
d change points on soft or unstable
surfaces.
46 When selecting suitable change points,
a staff person should always ensure that
the change point
a has a firm and stable surface
b is within 20 metres of the instrument Y
c is lower than the ground level at the v
instrument
d is within sight of the bench mark.
o
/
A
!

43 Why should a survey instrument be

^{ Y)n3o27
co-oRDINATES
shielded with an umbrella in hot climates? ,. -^m\
45'/r OF A ARE,
iao.oor,lao.ooN
\
a lt will reduce errors due to refraction.
B\
b lt ensures that the staff reading will be
truly vertical.
c Heat may cause the instrument to rise Figure 6
up slightly.
d The sun can cause unequal expansion 47 Figure 6 shows stations A and B and the
of the bubble tube. direction AQ. lf the whole circle bearing of
AQ is 35' 24'the co-ordinates of B are

a 197.36 E 't96.50 N
b 223.50 E 137.36 N
.v 256.50 E 137.36 N
d 278.15 E 154.60 N.

096s933 See next page

 Line Length (m) CO-ORDINATE DIFFERENCES Difference East Difference North
(m) (m)
AE+ AE- AN+ AN-
AB +73.25 -64.38
AB 86.25 70.o42 50.330
BC -45.96 -37.84
BC 136.84 41 .243 130.477
CD -58.02 +52.19
CD 79.63 78.606 12.731 +30.73 +50.03
DA
DA 98.38 32.691 92.790 AC +27.29 -102.22
Total 401 .10 111.28s 111 297 143.208 143.120
Figure g
Figure 7
51 Figure 9 shows co-ordinate differences for a
48 A closed-loop traverse ABCDA has been closed traverse ABCDA. Which one of the
calculated as shown in Figure 7. What is following diagrams best illustrates the
the adjustment for the line CD using the correct grid layout for the figure?
Bowditch method?

a +0.003 E -0.022 N.
b +0.004 E -0.004 N.
c) +0.002 E -0.017 N.
d -0.002 E +0.004 N.

ua
49 Whole circle bearings are used in traversing
because

a traverses are always measured in a

clockwise direction
b angles between stations can be
calculated from them
angles between stations do not need to
be measured accurately
they will not change after Bowditch
adjustment to co-ordinates has been
applied.

From To Face Left Face Right

A C 00 10'20" 180 10'40"
B 73 45'30" 253 46'00"
B A 73 45'30" 253 45'30"
C 130 24',00" 310 24',40"
C B 130 24',00 310 24',40"
A 180 10'40" 00 1 1'00"

Figure 8

50 Figure I shows readings taken on both

faces for a closed traverse ABC.
Which one of the following represents
the closing error in the figure?

a -00'25".
b +00'20".
c +00'35".
d +00'50".

0965933
 A

Figure 11

54 Using the 's'formula

Figure 10
s(s -a)(s -b)(s -c)
52 Figure 10 shows three survey points
A, B and C with co-ordinate differences the area of the triangle ABC in Figure 11 IS
as follows
a 670sqm
Line E N b 776sqm
A-rB +17.56 -24.82 c 1098 sq m
B---+C +20.08 +41.65 d 9720 sq m.

The distance AC can be calculated as

a 33.67 m
b 41.23 m
c 54.47 m
d 76.39 m.

53 Attached to the arm of a planimeter is a

rolling wheel which records the

a area in hectares
b area in square metres
c number of squares and part squares
Figure 12
covering the site
d number of complete revolutions and
55 Figure 12 shows part of a circular site
part of a revolution.
with PQRS (shaded)as a concrete area of
2.5 m width. Which one of the following
represents the shaded area PQRS?

a 76m2.
b 90 m2.
c 94m2.
d 1Q2 m2.

0965933 See next page

 Figure'14

57 ln Figure 14 the area of the triangle ABC IS

given by

Figure 13 a '/, ab sin C

b % abcosC
56 Figure 13 shows three control points A, B c Y, acsinA
and C. The table below has been prepared d % bccosB.
for calculating the area of the triangle ABC.
58 A plan used on a construction site has a
scale in which 10 mm represents 5 m on
Co-ordinates Area
site. The proportional scale referred to is
Point
Elru D1 L2 | OZ r-r
better defined as
A 50.00 50.00

80.00 5000
a 1: 50
B 100.00 4000
b 1: 200
C 120.00 30.00 12000 2400 c 1: 250
d 1: 500
A 50.00 50.00 1500 2
59 Scale conversion from 1 : 500 to 1 :200
means that
By completing the table, the area of ABC,
in m2, is found to be
-a the new scale is 2lzlimes larger
a 2050
b the new scale is 2Yz times smaller
b 4100
c a 10 m grid will become closer together
c 8200
d a l0mgridwill becomea5mgrid.
d 15 450.
60 The quickest way of checking the plotting of
traverse co-ordinates on an accurately
constructed grid would be by

a scaling the co-ordinates

(0 scaling the lengths of the traverse lines
c measuring the bearings of the lines
using a protractor
measuring the angles between the
traverse lines using a protractor.

NOW GO BACK AND CHECK YOUR WORK

. IMPORTANT -

Are the details at the top of the answer sheet correct?

Have you filled in your answers in INK in the appropriate boxes on the answer sheet?

096s933 10