CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS TABLE OF ENGLISH AND INDONESIAN

Levels of Comparison Indonesia

No. English Differences Similarities Notes
and Elements n
I Phonological:
1.1. Segmental Phonemes
1.1.1. Consonants
1.1.2. Consonant Cluster
1.1.3. Vowels
1.1.4. Diphthongs
1.1.5. Triphthongs
2. Suprasegmental
Phonemes
2.1. Pitch
2.2. Juncture
2.3. Stress
2.4. Intonation
3. Syllabification
4. Phonotactics
II morphological
III syntactical
IV discourse
V pragmatic
PRESENTATION TABLE OF LEVELS, ELEMENTS AND FEATURES TO BE COMPARED

No. Levels Elements Features Exemplification

I Phonological:
1.1. Segmental Phonemes
1.1.1. - consonants production and distribution Production of consonants
1.1.2. - consonant cluster production and distribution includes: 1) voiced/voiceless,
1.1.3. - vowels production and distribution 2) points/places of
1.1.4. - diphthongs production and distribution articulation, 3) manner of
1.1.5. - triphthongs production and distribution articulation, while of vowels
2. Suprasegmental Phonemes includes: 1) height of the
2.1. - pitch tongue; 2) position of the
2.2. - juncture tongue; 3) lip rounding.
2.3. - stress Distribution of segmental
2.4. - intonation phonemes is in initial, medial,
3. Syllabification and final.
4. Phonotactics
II morphological Word Formation
- derivation/affixation:
prefixation and suffixation

III syntactical
IV discourse
V pragmatic
ANALYSIS TABLE OF ERRORS IN PRONUNCIATION

CAUSES Treatments
NO. ERRORS IT IL I WG PM LS Time Techniques Notes
IP AC AS
I Consonant
1 /b/ in final distribution √ 1.a. drill Because final /b/
1.b. sound is not phonemic
discriminating in Indoensian as
2 it doesn’t occur
in final
distribution.
II Consonant Cluster

Vowels

Diphthongs

Tripthongs

Stress

Intonation