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BAG One-Eleven
As British jet airliners went, the
One-Eleven was a notable sales
success.The British Aircraft
Corporation tool< quite a risl< in
starting the twin-let regional airliner
programme in 196 I with an order for
l0 Series 200s from British United
Airways, but US carriers Braniff
and Mohawk signed up for more of
these 8O-seaters soon after, and then
American Airlines chose the Series
400 with its uprated Spey engines in July 1963.
This was a month prior to the maiden flight,
yet national carrier British European Airways
still wasn't on the order bool<.American would
remain the largest single customer, talcing 30,
while BEA waited until the stretched I l9-seat
Series 500 became available in 1967 to buy the
type. Production (including those licence-built by
ROMBAC in Romania) ended at 244 units.
The proposed Series 700 and 800 versions, the
latter powered by CFM56 turbofans, never left
the drawing board, while a proSramme to
re-engine One-Elevens with the Rolls-RoyceTay
failed to get beyond the test flying stage.All of
these could have prolonged the One-Eleven's
life; as it is, just a few remain airworthy, mostly in
executive configuration. Shown is a Series 409AY
(G-AXBB) of British lsland Airways.
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countries, and are still used
by all of them.The example
in the photograph is a
Commando Ml<2 of the
Egyptian Air Force.
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:t{' ' Siddeley, though, was still heavily involved,
1;*?SlE with a 20 per cent production stake. So
r there was a good deal of British content
in the first A300B to fly, which did so
on 28 October 1972.Gradually, after
an uncertain start in the marketplace,
Airbus started to be taken seriously as
a challenger to Boeing, all thanks to the
foundations laid by the,{300 programme.
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Pqnqviq Tornqdo
It seems incredible that the Panavia consortium was
formed 40 years ago this year, a year in which the
35th anniversary of the Multi-Role CombatAircraft
(MRCA) prototype's maiden flight and 30 years
since initial Tornado deliveries are also marked.A
tri-national (British, German and ltalian) consortium
from 1970, involving BAC, MBB and Aeritalia, Panavia
F-iluAu was tasked with producing a low-level interdictor/
strike aircraft using variable-geometry wing sweep,
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the chosen design being a two-seater. Only the
UK desired an interceptor version of what
became theTornado.A German MRCA
prototype was the first to fly,from Manching
inAugust 1974,and service entry ofthe
Tornado IDS/GRl commenced five years
later, in which year theADV (Air Defence
\, Variant) for the RAF made its inaugural
flight.Just under l,000Tornados of all
\ variants were built, concluding with an IDS
for the Royal Saudi Air Force in I 998, but
the type still has quite a long service life
in front of it in the strike and recce roles.
The RAF's strikeTornados in particular
have been upgraded extensively since
the Cold War and their subsequent
involvement in'Desert Storm' and
the Balkans conflicts, now to GR4
standard; by contrast, the air defence
F3s are due for retirement in 20 I I .
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