XLIII

PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION INDEX

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PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION INDEX

PAGE
1. ANTIHISTAMINES 1
1.1 ANTIHISTAMINES (PLAIN) ……...……………………………………………………….. 1
1.1.1 SEDATING ANTIHISTAMINES ……………………………………………….. 1
1.1.2 NON-SEDATING ANTIHISTAMINES ………………………………………… 3
1.2 ANTIHISTAMINES COMBINATIONS ……………………………………………….…… 6
1.2.1 ANTIHISTAMINES AND DECONGESTANTS …………………..………….. 6

2. ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS 8
2.1 AMEBICIDES ………………………………………………………………………..………8
2.2 ANTHELMINTICS ………………………………………………………....…….…….……9
2.3 ANTIBIOTICS ………………………………………………………………...…………… 11
2.3.1 ANTIFUNGAL ANTIBIOTICS ………………………………………………… 11
2.3.2 AMINOGLYCOSIDES ……………………………………………….………... 17
2.3.3 CEPHALOSPORINS ……………………………………………………….…. 20
2.3.3.1 FIRST GENERATION CEPHALOSPORINS …………….……….. 21
2.3.3.2 SECOND GENERATION CEPHALOSPORINS ………………….. 22
2.3.3.3 THIRD GENERATION CEPHALOSPORINS ……………...……… 25
2.3.3.4 FOURTH GENERATION CEPHALOSPORINS ………………….. 29
2.3.4 CHLORAMPHENICOLS ………………………………………………….…... 30
2.3.5 MACROLIDES ………………………………………………….………………31
2.3.6 PENICILLINS ……………………………………………………….……...….. 33
2.3.6.1 NATURAL PENICILLINS ………………………………….………… 34
2.3.6.2 PENICILLINASE-RESISTANT PENICILLINS…….………………. 35
2.3.6.3 AMINOPENICILLINS ………………………………………….…….. 36
2.3.6.4 EXTENDED-SPECTRUM PENICILLINS….…………………..…… 40
2.3.7 TETRACYCLINES ……………………………………………………………. 40
2.3.7.1 LONG-ACTING TETRACYCLINES ..……………….……………… 41
2.3.8 MISCELLANEOUS ANTIBIOTICS …………………………………….…….. 42
2.4 ANTITUBERCULOSIS AGENTS ………………………………………………….……. 48
2.5 ANTIVIRALS …………………………………………………………………….………… 50
2.6 ANTIMALARIALS ………………………………………………………………………….65

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PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION INDEX

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2.7 QUINOLONES …………………………………………………………….……………… 69

2.8 SULFONAMIDES …………………………………………………….……………………72
2.9 ANTILEPROTIC AGENTS …………………………………………………….………… 75
2.10 TRICHOMONACIDES ………………………………………………….…….………….. 76

3. ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS 77
3.1 ALKYLATING AGENTS ………………………………………………….………………. 77
3.2 ANTIMETABOLITES ………………………………………………………….………….. 85
3.3 CYTOTOXIC ANTIBIOTICS AND RELATED SUBTANCES……..…….……………..93
3.4 PLANT ALKALOIDS AND OTHER NATURAL PRODUCTS….…….…..…......…… 100
3.5 HORMONES………………………….........……………………………………...…….. 108
3.5.1 ANTIANDROGENS……………………………………….......….………..… 108
3.5.2 ANTIESTROGENS……………………..…………………...……………..… 108
3.5.3 AROMATASE INHIBITORS.……………………………………...……….... 109
3.5.4 GONADOTROPIN RELEASING HORMONE AND RELATED
SYNTHETIC DRUGS………………………………………………………… 111
3.5.5 PROGESTINS ………………...……………………………………...……… 115
3.6 MONOLCLNAL ANTIBODIES……………………...……………….………......…....... 116
3.7 TYROSINE KINASE INHIBITORS………………………………………………...……119
3.8 OTHER ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS………………………………………………… 121
3.9 ANTINEOPLASTIC ADJUNCTS……………………………………………….………. 126

4. AUTONOMIC DRUGS 129

4.1 CHOLINERGIC AGENTS (PARASYMPATHOMIMETEC AGENTS)……...........… 129
4.2 ANTICHOLINERGIC AGENTS (PARASYMPATHOLYTIC AGENTS)……….....…. 132
4.2.1 ANTIPARKINSONIAN AGENTS …………………………......….………… 133
4.2.2 ANTIMUSCARINIC/ANTISPASMODICS ………………..………………... 134
4.3 ADRENERGIC AGENTS (SYMPATHOMIMETIC AGENTS) ……………….……… 137
4.4 ADRENERGIC BLOCKING AGENTS (SYMPATHOLYTIC AGENTS)….….……… 141
4.4.1 ALPHA-ADRENERGIC BLOCKING AGENTS ………………...…………. 141
4.4.2 BETA-ADRENERGIC BLOCKING AGENTS ………………...…………… 143
4.4.2.1 NON-SELECTIVE BETA-ADRENERGIC BLOCKING
AGENTS …………………………………………………...…….….. 144
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PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION INDEX

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4.4.2.2 SELECTIVE BETA 1-ADRENERGIC BLOCKING AGENTS ...... 144

4.5 NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKING AGENTS …………………………………….…….147
4.5.1 DEPOLARIZING NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKERS …………..…....……147
4.5.2 NON-DEPOLARIZING NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKERS …......…..…... 148

5. BLOOD DERIVATIVES 151

6. BLOOD FORMATION AND COAGULATION 152

6.1 ANTI-ANEMIA DRUGS ………………………………………………………….………152
6.2 ANTICOAGULANTS ……………………………………………………....……………. 156
6.3 ANTIHEPARIN AGENTS ………………………………………………….…………… 160
6.4 ANTIPLATELET AGENTS ……………………………………………….…………….. 160
6.5 HEMOSTATICS …………………………………………………….…………………… 164
6.6 HEMORRHEOLOGIC AGENTS ……………………………….……..…….…………. 165
6.7 THROMBOLYTIC AGENTS ……………………………………….……………………166
6.8 HEMATOPOIETIC AGENTS ……………………………………….………………….. 168

7. CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS 172

7.1 CARDIAC DRUGS ……………………………………………………………………… 172
7.1.1 AGENTS FOR CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE ………….……………..172
7.1.2 ANTI-ARRYTHMIC AGENTS …………………………….………...……….176
7.1.3 ANTIANGINAL AGENTS …………………………………………………… 180
7.1.3.1 NITRATES ……………………………………………….………….. 180
7.1.3.2 CALCIUM ANTAGONISTS ………………………………………... 183
7.1.3.3 BETA-ADRENERGIC BLOCKING AGENTS ……………………. 186
7.1.3.4 OTHERS …………………………………………………….………. 187
7.2 PERIPHERAL VASODILATORS & CEREBRAL ACTIVATORS …………………... 188
7.3 ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS ……………………………………………………… 192
7.3.1 CENTRALLY ACTING ………………………………….……….…...………192
7.3.2 VASODILATORS ………………………………………………….………….193
7.3.3 ADRENERGIC BLOCKING AGENTS ……………………….……………..195
7.3.4 CALCIUM ANTAGONISTS …………………………………………………. 199
7.3.5 ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACEI) ……….. 201

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PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION INDEX

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7.3.6 ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS ……………….………… 207

7.3.7 ANGIOTENSIN II RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST + DIURETICS …………. 210
7.3.8 MISCELLANEOUS …………………………………………………….……..212
7.4 ANTILIPEMIC AGENTS ………………………………………………………………... 212
7.5 OTHER CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS ……………………………………….………. 220

8. CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS 223

8.1 GENERAL ANESTHETICS ………………………………………………….………….223
8.2 ANALGESICS AND ANTIPYRETICS ……………………………………….…………226
8.3 NARCOTIC ANALGESICS ………………………………………………….…………. 229
8.3.1 OPIATE AGONISTS ……………………………………...……….………… 229
8.3.2 OPIATE PARTIAL AGONISTS …………………………………………….. 233
8.4 NARCOTIC ANTAGONISTS …………………………………………………………... 234
8.5 ANTICONVULSANTS …………………………………………………………………...235
8.6 CENTRALLY-ACTING SKELETAL MUSCLE RELAXANTS ………………………. 244
8.7 PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS ……………………………………….………….. 251
8.7.1 ANTIDEPRESSANTS …………………………………………….….……… 251
8.7.1.1 TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS ……………...…….……….… 251
8.7.1.2 TETRACYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS ……………..….………... 253
8.7.1.3 SEROTONIN SELECTIVE REUPTAKE INHIBITORS
(SSRIs) ………………………………………………….…………… 254
8.7.1.4 MISCELLANEOUS …………………………………….…………… 256
8.7.2 ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS …………………………………….…………..258
8.7.3 ANTIDEPRESSANT-ANTIPSYCHOTIC COMBINATIONS….…..……….267
8.7.4 ANTIMANICS ………………………………………………….……………... 267
8.8 RESPIRATORY AND CEREBRAL STIMULANTS ………………………………….. 268
8.9 ANXIOLYTICS, SEDATIVES, AND HYPNOTICS …………………………………... 270
8.9.1 BARBITURATES ………………………………………….…………………. 270
8.9.2 BENZODIAZEPINES ………………………………………………….…….. 271
8.9.3 MISCELLANEOUS …………………………………………………….……..274
8.9.4 BENZODIAZEPINE ANTAGONISTS ……………...…………….………… 275
8.10 ANTIMIGRAINE AGENTS……………………………………………………….………276
8.11 MISCELLANEOUS…………………......................................................................... 277
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PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION INDEX

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9. DIAGNOSTIC AGENTS 279

9.1 BLOOD CONTENTS …………………………………………….……………………… 279
9.2 TUBERCULOSIS ……………………………………………….………………………..279
9.3 ROENTGENOGRAPHY …………………………………………………………….......279
9.4 ADRENOCORTICAL INSUFFICIENCY ………………………………….…………… 281

10. ELECTROLYTIC, CALORIC AND WATER BALANCE 282

10.1 ALKALINIZING AGENTS …………………………………………….………………… 282
10.2 AMMONIA DETOXICANTS ……………………………………….…….………..……. 283
10.3 REPLACEMENT SOLUTIONS AND ELECTROLYTES …………….…...…………. 284
10.4 CALORIC AGENTS …………………………………………………….………………. 287
10.4.1 PROTEINS ………………………………………………….…………………287
10.4.1.1 ORAL AMINO ACIDS ………………………………………….. 287
10.4.1.2 PARENTERAL AMINO ACIDS ……………….………………..288
10.4.2 CARBOHYDRATES ………………………………………….……………… 291
10.4.3 LIPIDS ……………………………………………………………….………... 293
10.4.4 TOTAL PARENTERAL NUTRITIONS ……………………….……………. 294
10.4.5 TRACE ELEMENTS …………………………………………….……………294
10.5 DIURETICS …………………………………………………….………...……………… 295
10.6 IRRIGATING SOLUTIONS ……………………………………………….……………. 300
10.7 POTASSIUM-REMOVING RESINS …………………………………….…….………. 301

11. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ENZYMES 302

12. ANTITUSSIVES, EXPECTORANTS AND MUCOLYTIC AGENTS 303

12.1 ANTITUSSIVES AND EXPECTORANTS ……………………….…………………….303
12.2 MUCOLYTIC AGENTS …………………………………………….…………………… 305

13. EYE, EAR, NOSE AND THROAT PREPARATIONS 308

13.1 ANTI-INFECTIVE (EYE, EAR) ……………………………….….………..…………… 308
13.1.1 ANTIBIOTICS …………………………………….…….……………..……... 308
13.1.2 ANTIVIRALS (EYE) …………………………………………….…………….311

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PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION INDEX

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13.1.3 MISCELLANEOUS ANTI-INFECTIVES …………………………………... 311

13.2 ANTI-INFLAMMATORYS (EYE) …………………………………………..…………... 312
13.3 ANTI-INFECTIVE WITH ANTI-INFLAMMATORYS …………………….…………… 313
13.4 ANALGESIC AND LOCAL ANESTHETICS ……………….……………....………… 315
13.5 MIOTICS …………………………………………………………….…………………… 315
13.6 MYDRIATICS ……………………………………………………….…………………… 316
13.7 VASOCONSTRICTORS (EYE) …………….………………………………………….. 316
13.8 AGENTS FOR CATARACT …………………………………….……………………… 317
13.9 AGENTS FOR GLAUCOMA ………………………………………………….………...317
13.10 ARTIFICIAL TEARS ……………………………………………………………….……. 320
13.11 ANTI-ALLERGIC AGENTS …………………………………………………….………. 321
13.12 ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS (THROAT) …………….…………………………. 322
13.13 GARGLES ………………………………………………….………………….………….323
13.14 PAINTS ………………………………………………………….……………………….. 325
13.15 VISCOELASTIC AGENTS …………………………………….……………………….. 326
13.16 NASAL DECONGESTANTS …………………………………………………………... 327
13.17 MISCELLANEOUS …………………………………………….………………………...330

14. GASTROINTESTINAL DRUGS 333

14.1 ANTACIDS AND ADSORBENTS …………………………….……………………….. 333
14.2 ANTI-DIARRHEA AGENTS ……………………………………..…….………..……… 336
14.3 ANTIFLATULENTS ……………………………………………….…………………….. 339
14.4 CATHARTICS AND LAXATIVES ……………………………………………………... 340
14.5 DIGESTANTS ………………………………………………………….…………………344
14.6 ANTIEMETICS ………………………………………………………………….……….. 344
14.7 LIPOTROPIC AGENTS ………………………………………………………………… 349
14.8 AGENTS FOR GI ULCER ………………………………….…………………………...350
14.8.1 CYTOPROTECTIVE AGENTS ………………………………….…………..350
14.8.2 HISTAMINE H2 ANTAGONISTS …………………………….…………….. 351
14.8.3 PROKINETIC AGENTS ……………………………………….……………..352
14.8.4 PROSTAGLANDINS ………………………………… .….………………... 353
14.8.5 PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS …………………………….……………….. 354
14.9 CHOLELITHOLYTIC AGENTS ……………………………………...………………... 358
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PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION INDEX

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14.10 ANTI-INFLAMATORY AGENTS ………………………………………...…………….. 358

14.11 MISCELLANEOUS GI DRUGS……………………………………………………...…. 358

15. HEAVY METAL ANTAGONISTS 361

16. HORMONES AND SYNTHETIC SUBSTITUTES 364

16.1 ADRENALS ………………………………………………………………...….………… 364
16.2 ANDROGENS ……………………………………………………..………….……….… 368
16.2.1 ANDROGENS WITH ANABOLIC EFFECTS ……………………………... 368
16.3 GONADOTROPINS …………………………………………………………………….. 370
16.4 GONADOTROPIN INHIBITORS …………………………………………….………… 372
16.5 ESTROGENS ………………………………………………………………….………… 372
16.6 ESTROGENS AGONISTS ANTAGONISTS …………………………………………. 375
16.7 PROGESTOGENS ………………………………………………………………….…...376
16.8 ESTROGEN WITH PROGESTOGEN AND RELATED DRUGS …………..….…… 379
16.9 ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES ……………………………………………………….…… 381
16.9.1 MONOPHASIC ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES ……………………...….…... 381
16.9.2 MINIPILLS ……………………………………………………………...….…. 382
16.10 PITUITARY HORMONES …………………………………………………...…….…… 383
16.11 INSULIN AND ANTIDIABETIC AGENTS ……………………………………….……. 384
16.11.1 ANTIDIABETIC AGENTS …………………………………………....……... 384
16.11.1.1 ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITORS ………………….…….384
16.11.1.2 BIGUANIDES ……………………………………..……..……… 386
16.11.1.3 SULFONYLUREAS ……………………………………….……. 386
16.11.1.4 THIAZOLIDINEDIONES ……………………………. ………… 389
16.11.1.5 MISCELLANEOUS …………………………………….……….. 390
16.11.2 INSULIN …………………………………………………….……….……..…. 391
16.12 THYROIDS AND ANTITHYROIDS ………………………………………….………… 392
16.13 PARATHYROID……………………………………………………….……….………… 394
16.14 GROWTH HORMONE INHIBITORS ……………………………………….………….396
16.15 ANDROGEN HORMONE INHIBITORS …………………………….………………… 397
16.16 BISPHOSPHONATES ..…………………………………………………….…………...398

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PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION INDEX

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17. LOCAL ANESTHETICS 404

18. OXYTOCICS 408

19. SERUMS, TOXOIDS AND VACCINES 410

19.1 SERUMS ………………………………………………………………………….……… 410
19.2 TOXOIDS ………………………………………………………….……..……….……... 413
19.3 VACCINES ……………………………………………………………………….……….413

20. SKIN AND MUCOUS MEMBRANE PREPARATIONS 417

20.1 ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS ……………………………………………………………. 417
20.1.1 ANTIBIOTICS ………………………………………………………………… 417
20.1.2 ANTIFUNGALS ……………………………………………………….……… 418
20.1.3 ANTIVIRALS ………………………………………………………….……… 419
20.1.4 SCABICIDES AND PEDICULICIDES ……………………………….…….. 419
20.1.5 MISCELLANEOUS LOCAL ANTI-INFECTIVES …………..…….….……. 421
20.1.6 ANTI-INFECTIVE WITH ANTI-INFLAMMATORYS …………..………….. 423
20.2 ANTI-INFLAMMATORYS ……………………………………………….……………... 424
20.3 ANTIPRURITICS AND LOCAL ANESTHETICS …………………………………….. 429
20.4 ANALGESICS AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORYS ………………………………..…….. 429
20.5 BASIC LOTION AND LINIMENTS ……………………………………………..……… 431
20.6 BASIC OIL AND OTHER EMOLLIENTS ……………………………………….…….. 431
20.7 BASIC POWDER AND DEMULCENTS………………………………..…….……….. 432
20.8 KERATOLYTIC AND KERATOPLASTIC AGENTS ………………………….……… 433
20.9 LOCAL IRRITANTS …………………………………………………………….………..435
20.10 AGENTS FOR DECOMPOSING THROMBI ………………………………….……… 435
20.11 ANAL PREPARATIONS ……………………………………………………….……….. 436
20.12 VAGINAL PREPARATIONS ………………………………………………….………... 436
20.13 DEPIGMENTING AND PIGMENTING AGENTS………………………………......… 437
20.14 MISCELLANEOUS ………………………………………………….……..………….... 438

21. SPASMOLYTIC AGENTS 443

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PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION INDEX

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22. VITAMINS AND NUTRITIONAL AGENTS 446

22.1 PREPARATIONS OF VITAMIN A ……………………………………………….……..446
22.1.1 VITAMIN A …………………………………………………………….……… 446
22.2 PREPARATIONS OF VITAMIN B ………………………………………….…………..446
22.2.1 VITAMIN B1 ……………………………………………………….…………. 446
22.2.2 VITAMIN B6 ……………………………………………………….…………..446
22.2.3 VITAMIN B12 ……………………………………………………….…………447
22.2.4 VITAMIN B1+ B6+ B12 …………………………………………….………...447
22.2.5 FOLIC ACID …………………………………………..….……….………….. 448
22.2.6 FOLINIC ACID ………………………………………..………….………….. 448
22.2.7 NICOTINIC ACID ……………………………………………….……………. 449
22.2.8 VITAMIN B COMPLEXS …………………………………….……………… 449
22.3 VITAMIN C ……………………………………………………………….……………….450
22.4 VITAMIN D ………………………………………………………………….…………….450
22.5 VITAMIN E…………………………………………………………………………..……. 452
22.6 VITAMIN K …………………………….…………………………………………………. 452
22.7 MINERALS …………………….………………………………………………………….453
22.8 VITAMINS & CALCIUM…………………………………………………………….…… 455
22.9 MULTIVITAMIN PREPARATIONS ……………………………………………………. 455
22.9.1 MULTIVITAMINS ………………………………………………….…………. 455
22.9.2 MULTIVITAMIN WITH MINERALS ……………………………….…...…... 456
22.10 NUTRITIONAL AGENTS …………………………………………………….………….457

23. MISCELLANEOUS THERAPEUTIC AGENTS 462

23.1 ANTIRHEUMATICS …………………………………………………………….………. 462
23.1.1 GOLD COMPOUNDS ……………………………………………….……… 462
23.1.2 NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUGS(NSAIDs)…………...463
23.1.2.1 CLASSICAL NSAIDs …………………………………………... 464
23.1.2.2 SELECTIVE COX -2 INHIBITORS …………………….………467
23.1.2.3 SPECIFIC COX -2 INHIBITORS ……………………………… 468
23.1.3 OTHER ANTIRHEUMATICS …………………………………………….…. 471
23.1.3.1 SYMPTOMATIC SLOW ACTING DRUGS FOR
OSTEOARTHRITIS (SYSADOA) …………………………….. 471

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PHARMACOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION INDEX

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23.1.3.2 DISEASE MODIFYING ANTI-OSTEOARTHRITIS

DRUGS(DMAODs) ……………………………………..……… 472
23.1.3.3 DISEASE MODIFYING ANTIRHEUMATIC DRUGS
(DMARDs) ……………………………………………….……….472
23.2 AGENTS FOR ASTHMA ………………………………………………………….……. 475
23.3 AGENTS FOR PARKINSONISM ……………………………………………………… 482
23.4 AGENTS FOR GOUT …………………………………………………………………... 487
23.5 AGENTS FOR MIGRAINE ……………………………………………….…………….. 489
23.6 IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS …………………………………………………... 490
23.7 AGENTS FOR BENIGN PROSTATE HYPERTROPHY ……………………………. 494
23.8 ANTIDOTES……………………………………………………………………………… 495
23.9 MISCELLANEOUS …………………………………………………………….………...495

บัญชียาสมุนไพร……………………………………………………………..……………..…………… 499

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