8/4/2009

Session 1-2

Business Computing

Instructor : Introducing Computer

Srikant Das
Associate Professor
Systems
KIIT School of Management

srikant@ksom.ac.in

Course Outline References

Business Computing:
Hardware Basics
Software Basics
web for Business
Office Software
Operating Systems
Data Base Management System
Information Systems
1A-3
• Text Book :- : Information Technology
for Management by Ramesh Behl,
McGraw Hill
• Ref Books : Introduction to IT by ITL
Education Solutions Ltd.;
• IT Concepts Jain et.al;
• Foundations of IT by Yadav.
• References: Wikipedia, Search engines
and online articles.
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The Computer Defined Computers For Individual Use

• Electronic device • Desktop computers
• Converts data into information – The most common type of computer
• Modern computers are digital – Sits on the desk or floor
– Two digits combine to make data – Performs a variety of tasks

• Older computers were analog • Workstations

– A range of values made data – Specialized computers
– Optimized for science or graphics
– More powerful than a desktop

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Computers For Individual Use Computers For Individual Use

• Notebook computers • Tablet computers
– Small portable computers – Newest development
in portable
– Weighs between 2 to 3 Kgs computers
– About 8 ½ by 11 inches – Input is through
– Typically as powerful as a desktop a pen
– Run specialized
– Can include a docking station versions of office
products

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Computers For Individual Use Computers For Organizations

• Handheld computers
– Very small computers
– Personal Digital Assistants (PDA)
– Note taking or contact management
– Data can synchronize with a desktop
• Smart phones
– Hybrid of cell phone and PDA
– Web surfing, e-mail access
• Network servers
– Centralized computer
– All other computers connect
– Provides access to network resources
– Multiple servers are called server farms
– Often simply a powerful desktop

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Groups in place Computers For Organizations

• Make the group in class • Mainframes
– Used in large
• 2 minutes…. organizations
• See to next 6 slides…(5 min) – Handle thousands
of users
– Users access
through a terminal

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Computers For Organizations Computers For Organizations

• Minicomputers • Supercomputers
– Called midrange computers – The most powerful
computers made
– Power between mainframe and desktop – Handle large and
– Handle hundreds of users complex calculations
– Used in smaller organizations – Process trillions of
operations per
– Users access through a terminal second
– Found in research
organizations

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Computers In Society Computers In Society

• More impact than any other invention • Computers at home
– Changed work and leisure activities – Many homes have multiple computers
– Used by all demographic groups – Most American homes have Internet
• Computers are important because: – Computers are used for
– Provide information to users • Business
• Entertainment
– Information is critical to our society
• Communication
– Managing information is difficult • Education

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Computers In Society Computers In Society

• Computers in education • Computers in government
– Computer literacy required at all levels – Necessary to track data for population
• Computers in small business • Police officers
• Tax calculation and collection
– Makes businesses more profitable
– Governments were the first computer users
– Allows owners to manage
• Computers in industry
– Computers are used to design products
– Assembly lines are automated

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Question 2 answer Parts of the Computer System

• Answer the question : • Computer systems have five parts
• Where in society computer system is – Hardware
useful, example health(?) – Software
• Only answer when asked. – Data
– User
– Procedure

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Parts of the Computer System Parts of the Computer System

• Hardware
– Mechanical devices in the computer
– Anything that can be touched
• Software
– Tell the computer what to do
– Also called a program
– Thousands of programs exist
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• Data
– Pieces of information
– Computer organize and present data
• Users
– People operating the computer
– Most important part
– Tell the computer what to do
• Procedure
– Step by Step instruction
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– Structured language (Program)

Information Processing Cycle Essential Computer Hardware

• Steps followed to process data • Computers use the same basic
• Input hardware
• Processing • Hardware categorized into four types
• Output
• Storage

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Essential Computer Hardware
• Processing devices
– Brains of the computer
– Carries out instructions from the program
– Manipulate the data
– Most computers have several processors
– Central Processing Unit (CPU)
– Secondary processors
– Processors made of silicon and copper
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Essential Computer Hardware
• Input and output devices
– Allows the user to interact
– Input devices accept data
• Keyboard, mouse
– Output devices deliver data
• Monitor, printer, speaker
– Some devices are input and output
• Touch screens
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Essential Computer Hardware
• Memory devices
– Stores data or programs
– Random Access Memory (RAM)
• Volatile
• Stores current data and programs
• More RAM results in a faster system
– Read Only Memory (ROM)
• Permanent storage of programs
• Holds the computer boot directions
1B-26
Essential Computer Hardware
• Storage devices
– Hold data and programs permanently
– Different from RAM
– Magnetic storage
• Floppy and hard drive
• Uses a magnet to access data
– Optical storage
• CD and DVD drives
• Uses a laser to access data
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Software Runs The Machine Software Runs The Machine

• Tells the computer what to do • System software
• Reason people purchase computers – Most important software
• Two types – Operating system
• Windows XP
– System software
– Network operating system (OS)
– Application software
• Windows Server 2003
– Utility
• Symantec AntiVirus

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Software Runs The Machine Computer data

• Application software
– Accomplishes a specific task
– Most common type of software
• MS Word
– Covers most common uses of computers
• Fact with no meaning on its own
• Stored using the binary number system
• Data can be organized into files

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Computer users Case lets

• Role depends on ability • Open Page 37 of your book
– Setup the system Read Caselet 1,2
– Install software Assignment I
– Mange files
– Maintain the system
• “Userless” computers
– Run with no user input
– Automated systems

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Organisational Functions Levels of Management

1. Design and Production
2. Accounting and Finance
3. Human Resources
4. Sales and Marketing
5. Administration
6. Research and Development
1. low level(support to achieve goal)-
operational
2. Middle level(achieve goal)- tactical,
decision making
3. Top level(fixing goal)-strategic

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Types of IS Any questions?

1. TRANSACTION PROCESS SYSTEM: • Thanks
(SALES AND MARKETING, MANUFACTURING AND
PRODUCTION SYSTEM, ACCOUNTING AND
FINANCE, HUMAN RESOURCE SYSTEM)
2. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
(PERIODIC REPORTS, EXCEPTION REPORTS,
DEMAND REPORTS, PUSH REPORTS)-OFFICE
AUTO SYSTEM, COMMUNICATION SYSTEM,
DSS,GROUPWARE,
3. EXECUTIVE SUPPORT SYSTEM (EXPERT
SYSTEM, KMS)

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