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Politecnico di Torino

Laurea Magistrale

Corso di Studi in Ingegneria Aerospaziale

Formulario di Gasdinamica

A.A. 2020/2021

Prof. Gaetano Iuso

1
Indice
1. Richiami p. 3

2. Trasformazioni isoentropiche e condizioni critiche p. 12

3. Onda d’urto normale p. 14

4. Flusso di Rayleigh p. 15

5. Flusso di Fanno p. 17

6. Onda d’urto obliqua p. 20

7. Espansione supersonica p. 22

8. Linearizzazione: flussi subsonici compressibili e flussi supersonici p. 23

9. Coefficienti aerodinamici di corpi 2D & 3D p. 27

10. Flusso ipersonico: teoria Newtoniana p. 28

11. Aerotermodinamica p. 29

12. Tabelle di calcolo per l’aria p. 37

13. Tavola periodica degli elementi p. 87

Appendici p. 88

• Altre unità di misura

Web Sites Gasdinamica

2
1. Richiami

• Condizioni normali 𝑇 = 0°𝐶 = 273.15 𝐾 𝑝 = 760 𝑚𝑚𝐻𝑔

𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑒
• Numero di Avogadro 𝑁𝐴 = 6.023 ∙ 1023 = 6.023 ∙ 1026
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒

1 Mole ( 1 kilomole ) = 1000 moli

𝐽 𝐽
• Costante universale dei gas 𝑅 = 8.314 = 8314
𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑎∙𝐾 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒∙𝐾

𝑅 𝐽
• Costante di Boltzmann 𝑘𝐵 = 𝑁 = 1.380 ∙ 10−23
𝐴 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑎 𝐾

𝑁𝐴 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑒
• Densità volumetrica 𝑛= [ ]
𝒱 𝑚3

𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑒
o In condizioni normali per l’aria 𝑛 = 2.7 ∙ 1025 = 27000000
𝑚3 𝜇𝑚 3

• Libero cammino medio molecolare


𝑚𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐
o Gas monocomponente ⇒ 𝑙 = 𝜎𝜌

𝑚 : massa molecolare 𝜎 : sezione d’urto 𝜌 : densità


1
o Gas monocomponente e distribuzione maxwelliana della velocità 𝑙=
√2𝜋𝑑 2 𝑛

d: diametro ; n densità volumetrica

Aria in condizioni standard:  = 6.35  10−5 mm


3
• Velocità di agitazione termica

1 1 1
2𝜀𝑡 2 3𝑘𝐵 𝑇 2 3𝑅𝑇 2
𝑣𝑎𝑡 =( ) =( ) =( )
𝑚 𝑚 𝑀

o 𝜀𝑡 : energia cinetica traslazionale caotica della molecola

1
8𝑅𝑇 2
o Altra relazione per vat : 𝑣𝑎𝑡 = ( 𝜋𝑀 )

1 1 1
𝜕𝑝 2 𝛾𝑅𝑇 2 𝑝 2
• Velocità del suono 𝑎 = [(𝜕𝜌) ] = ( ) = (𝛾 𝜌)
𝑆 𝑀

• Gradi di libertà energetici ( L )

𝐿 = 𝐿𝑡 + 𝐿𝑟 + 2𝐿𝑣

𝐿𝑡 : numero di gradi di libertà traslazionali ( 𝐿𝑡 = 3 ∀ molecola )

𝐿𝑟 : numero di gradi di libertà rotazionali


𝐿𝑣 : numero di gradi di libertà vibrazionali 𝐿𝑣 = [3𝑛 − (𝐿𝑡 + 𝐿𝑟 )]
𝑛 : numero di atomi che compongono la molecola
Il contributo di 𝐿𝑣 è rilevante solo a temperature molto elevate ( T > 1000 K )

𝒏 𝑳𝒕 𝑳𝒓 𝟐𝑳𝒗 𝑳 𝑳 per T < 1000K


1 3 0 0 3 3
2 3 2 2 7 5
3 3 3 6 12 6

4
• Energia interna

o Energia associata a ogni grado di libertà energetico

1
𝜀 = 2 𝑘𝐵 𝑇 [ 𝜀]=[𝐽]

o Energia di ogni molecola con L dei gradi di libertà

1 𝐽
𝜀𝐿 = 𝐿𝜀 = 𝐿 ( 𝑘𝐵 𝑇) [ 𝜀𝐿 ] = [ ]
2 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑎

o Energia interna molare

𝐿𝑅𝑇 𝐽
𝜀𝑇 = 𝑁𝐴 ∙ 𝜀𝐿 = = 𝐶𝑣 𝑇 [ 𝜀𝑇 ] = [𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒]
2

o Energia interna specifica ( energia per unità di massa )

𝜀𝑇 𝐿𝑅 𝐽
𝑒= = 2 𝑀 𝑇 = 𝑐𝑣 𝑇 [𝑒] = [ ]
𝑀 𝑘𝑔

• Entalpia

o Entalpia molare
𝐿+2 𝐽
𝐻 = 𝜀𝑇 + 𝑅𝑇 = 𝑅𝑇 = 𝐶𝑝 𝑇 [𝐻]= [ ]
2 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒

o Entalpia per unità di massa

𝐻 𝐿+2 𝑅 𝐽
ℎ=𝑀= 𝑇 = 𝑐𝑝 𝑇 [ℎ]= [ ]
2 𝑀 𝑘𝑔

5
• Relazioni per i calori specifici e per 

𝐿𝑅 𝐿+2 𝑅 𝐽
𝑐𝑣 = 2 𝑀 𝑐𝑝 = [𝑐]= [ ]
2 𝑀 𝑘𝑔∙𝐾

𝑐𝑝 𝐶𝑝 𝐿+2
𝛾= = 𝛾=
𝑐𝑣 𝐶𝑣 𝐿

𝑅 1 𝑅 𝛾 𝑅
𝑐𝑝 − 𝑐𝑣 = 𝑀 ; 𝑐𝑣 = 𝛾−1 𝑀 ; 𝑐𝑝 = 𝛾−1 𝑀

• Compressibilità

o Coefficiente di compressibilità
m2
𝑑𝒱 1 liquidi β ≅ 5 ∙ 10−10
𝛽=− [𝑃𝑎−1 ] N
𝒱 𝑑𝑝 −5
m2
{ gas β ≅ 10
N

𝑑𝜌 𝑑𝑉
o Variazione di densità e di velocità = −𝑀2 ∙
𝜌 𝑉

𝑉
o Numero di Mach 𝑀=𝑎

6
• Proprietà di trasporto molecolare

𝑘𝑔
o Viscosità dinamica 𝜇 = 𝜌𝑣𝑎𝑡 𝑙 [𝜇]=[ ]
𝑚∙𝑠

𝜕𝑢 𝑁
Legge di Newton 𝜏 = 𝜇 𝜕𝑦 [𝜏]=[ ]
𝑚2

3
𝑇2
Formula di Sutherland 𝜇 = 𝑆 𝜒+𝑇

𝑘𝑔
Aria : 𝑆 = 1.46 ∙ 10−6 1 𝜒 = 110 𝐾
𝑚∙𝑠∙𝐾2

𝜔
𝜇 𝑇
Formula monomia = (𝑇 )
𝜇𝑟𝑒𝑓 𝑟𝑒𝑓

𝐀𝐫𝐢𝐚 ∶ 𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑓 = 300 𝐾 ; 𝜔 = 0.75

𝑊
o Conducibilità termica 𝜆 = 𝜌𝑣𝑎𝑡 𝑙𝑐𝑣 = 𝜇𝑐𝑣 [ 𝜆 ]= [ ]
𝑚∙𝐾

𝜕𝑇 𝐽
Legge di Fourier 𝑞 = −𝜆 𝜕𝑦 [𝑞]=[ ]
𝑚 2 ∙𝑠

𝜆 = 1.45𝜇𝑐𝑝
Relazioni per gas monoatomici: { 5
𝜆 = 𝜇𝑐𝑣
2

o Diffusività di massa

𝜕𝑠 𝑘𝑔
Legge di Fick 𝐽 = −𝐷 𝜕𝑦 [𝐽] = [ ]
𝑚 2 ∙𝑠

7
• Parametri adimensionali

𝑉
𝑀= numero di Mach
𝑎

𝜌𝑉𝐿
𝑅𝑒 = numero di Reynolds
𝜇

𝑙
𝐾𝑛 = 𝐿 numero di Knudsen

𝐾𝑛 < 0.01 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑜𝑢𝑠 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤

0.01 < 𝐾𝑛 < 0.1 𝑆𝑙𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤


𝐾𝑛 ⇒
0.1 < 𝐾𝑛 < 10 𝑀𝑜𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤

{ 𝐾𝑛 > 10 𝐻𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑙𝑦 𝑟𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑑 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤

𝑀 3
o Legame 𝑴 − 𝑹𝒆 − 𝑲𝒏 = √𝛾 𝐾𝑛
𝑅𝑒

𝜇𝑐𝑝 𝜈
o Numero di Prandtl 𝑃𝑟 = =𝑘
𝜆

𝜇
𝜈 = 𝜌 : viscosità cinematica

𝜆
𝑘= : diffusività termica
𝜌𝑐𝑝

2𝐿+4 4𝛾
o Formula di Eucken 𝑃𝑟 = 2𝐿+9 = 9𝛾−5
L: numero di gradi di libertà energetici della molecola

8
• Equazione di stato dei gas perfetti

𝑅
o 𝑝𝑉 = 𝑚 𝑀 𝑇 p: pressione ; V: volume occupato; 𝑚: 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎
R: costante universale dei gas; M: massa molare
T: temperatura in gradi assoluti

𝑝 𝑅 𝑚 𝑘𝑔
o = 𝑀𝑇 𝜌= 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡à [ 𝑚3 ] Sistema Internazionale
𝜌 𝑉

𝑚
o 𝑝𝑉 = 𝑁𝑅𝑇 𝑁= 𝑀
𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑒𝑟𝑜 𝑑𝑖 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑖

𝑁 𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑖
o 𝑝 = 𝑛𝑅𝑇 𝑛= 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡à 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑎𝑟𝑒 [ ]
𝑉 𝑚3

• Variazione di entropia in una trasformazione termodinamica

𝑇2 𝑅 𝑣2 𝑇2 𝑅 𝜌2 𝑇2 𝑅 𝑝2
𝑠2 − 𝑠1 = 𝑐𝑣 ln ( ) + ln ( ) = 𝑐𝑣 ln ( ) − ln ( ) = 𝑐𝑝 ln ( ) − ln ( )
𝑇1 𝑀 𝑣1 𝑇1 𝑀 𝜌1 𝑇1 𝑀 𝑝1

o Con le grandezze di arresto


𝑇02 𝑅 𝜌02 𝑇02 𝑅 𝑝02
𝑠2 − 𝑠1 = 𝑐𝑣 ln ( ) − ln ( ) = 𝑐𝑝 ln ( ) − ln ( )
𝑇01 𝑀 𝜌01 𝑇01 𝑀 𝑝01

Evoluzione adiabatica → 𝑇0 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒

𝑅 𝑝
𝑠2 − 𝑠1 = − 𝑀 ln (𝑝02 )
01

9
• Miscele gassose

𝑚
o Concentrazione in massa : 𝑐𝑖 = 𝑚 𝑖
𝑇

𝑁 𝕍 𝑝
o Concentrazione molare o volumetrica : 𝑥𝑖 = 𝑁 𝑖 = 𝕍 𝑖 = 𝑝 𝑖
𝑇 𝑇 𝑇

𝑝𝑡 = ∑ 𝑝𝑖 legge di Dalton

o Legame tra le concentrazioni

𝑐𝑖
𝑁𝑖 ⁄𝑀 𝑚𝑖 𝑥𝑖 𝑀𝑖
𝑖
𝑥𝑖 = ∑ = 𝑐𝑖 = ∑ =∑
𝑖 𝑁𝑖 ∑𝑖𝑐𝑖⁄𝑀 𝑖 𝑚𝑖 𝑖 𝑥𝑖 𝑀𝑖
𝑖

o Massa molare della miscela

1
𝑐𝑖
∑𝑖
𝑚𝑇 ∑𝑖 𝑚𝑖 𝑀𝑖 𝑘𝑔
𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎 = = ∑𝑖 𝑁𝑖
= { [𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒]
𝑁𝑇
∑𝑖 𝑥𝑖 𝑀𝑖

o Calore specifico a volume costante ( Molare e per unità di massa )

𝐽
𝐶𝑣_𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎 = ∑𝑖 𝑥𝑖 𝐶𝑣𝑖 [ ]
𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒∙𝐾

𝐶𝑣 𝐽
𝑐𝑣_𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎 = 𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎 = ∑𝑖 𝑐𝑖 𝑐𝑣𝑖 [𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝐾]
𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎

o Calore specifico a pressione costante ( Molare e per unità di massa )

𝐽
𝐶𝑝_𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎 = ∑𝑖 𝑥𝑖 𝐶𝑝𝑖 = 𝐶𝑣_𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎 + 𝑅 [𝑀𝑜𝑙𝑒∙𝐾]

10
𝐶𝑝 𝑅 𝐽
𝑐𝑝_𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎 = 𝑀𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎 = ∑𝑖 𝑐𝑖 𝑐𝑝𝑖 = 𝑐𝑣_𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎 + 𝑀 [𝑘𝑔 ∙ 𝐾]
𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎 𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎
o Rapporto tra calori specifici

𝑐𝑝_𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎 𝐶𝑝_𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎 ∑𝑖 𝑥𝑖 ∙(𝐿𝑖+2)


𝛾𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎 = = = ∑𝑖 𝑥𝑖 ∙𝐿𝑖
𝑐𝑣_𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎 𝐶𝑣_𝑚𝑖𝑠𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑎

o Viscosità delle miscele gassose: Formula di Wilke

−1
𝑥
𝜇= ∑𝜈𝑖=1 𝜇𝑖 (1 + ∑𝜈𝑘=1 𝐺𝑖𝑘 𝑥𝑘)
𝑖
𝑘≠𝑖

𝜈 : numero di specie chimiche

1 1 2
𝜇 2 𝑀 4
[1+( 𝑖 ) ( 𝑘 ) ]
𝜇𝑘 𝑀𝑖
𝐺𝑖𝑘 = 1
3 𝑀𝑖 2
22 ∙[1+( )]
𝑀𝑘

𝐺𝑖𝑘 0 per i  k 𝐺𝑘𝑘 = 0 per i = k

11
2. Trasformazioni isoentropiche [ Tabella 1 ]

• Rapporti tra le grandezze termodinamiche

𝛾
𝑝2 𝑇 𝛾−1
o Rapporto delle pressioni = ( 2)
𝑝1 𝑇1

1 1
𝜌2 𝑇 𝛾−1 𝑝 𝛾
o Rapporto delle densità = ( 2) = ( 2)
𝜌1 𝑇1 𝑝1

o Rapporti con le condizioni di arresto [ Tabella 1 ]


𝑇0 𝛾−1 2
= 1+ 𝑀
𝑇 2
𝛾
𝑝0 𝛾 − 1 2 𝛾−1
= (1 + 𝑀 )
𝑝 2
1
𝜌0 𝛾 − 1 2 𝛾−1
= (1 + 𝑀 )
𝜌 2

o Rapporti riferiti alle condizioni critiche


𝑇0 𝛾 + 1
=
𝑇∗ 2
𝛾
𝑝0 𝛾+1 𝛾−1
= ( )
𝑝∗ 2
1
𝜌0 𝛾 + 1 𝛾−1
= ( )
𝜌∗ 2

o Calcolo della generica grandezza a partire dai rapporti critici

12
𝑓𝑖 𝑓𝑖 ∗
𝑓𝑖 = ……… 𝑓1
𝑓∗
𝑖 𝑓1

• Legami tra velocità caratteristiche

a*  + 1
2 2 2
a2 V 2 a V
o + = = 0 = lim
 −1 2 2  −1  −1 2

𝑉𝑙𝑖𝑚 2
= √𝛾−1
𝑎0

𝑉𝑙𝑖𝑚 𝛾+1
= √𝛾−1
𝑎∗

𝑎∗ 2
= √𝛾+1
𝑎0

• Pendenza della linea di Mach ( Cono di Mach )

1
o sin  =
M

• Relazione Mach-Mach critico [ Tabella 1 ]

2
2 ∗2
(𝛾 + 1)𝑀2
𝑀 = ⇔ 𝑀 =
𝛾+1 (𝛾 − 1)𝑀2 + 2
[ ∗2 − (𝛾 − 1)]
𝑀

13
1 2
3. Onda d’urto normale [ Tabella 2 ]

𝛾−1
2 1+( 2 )𝑀1 2
• Relazione Mach a valle - Mach a monte 𝑀2 = 𝛾−1
𝛾𝑀1 2 −
2

𝛾+1 𝜌2
𝑝2 −1
𝛾−1 𝜌1
• Relazione di Rankine-Hugoniot = 𝛾+1 𝜌2
𝑝1 −
𝛾−1 𝜌1

• Rapporti delle grandezze monte-valle dell’urto [ Tabella 2 ]

𝜌2 𝑢1 (𝛾+1)𝑀1 2
o Densità ( velocità ) =𝑢 = (𝛾−1)𝑀1 2 +2
𝜌1 2

𝑝2 2𝛾
o Pressioni = 1 + 𝛾+1 (𝑀1 2 − 1)
𝑝1

𝑇2 2𝛾 (𝛾−1)𝑀1 2 +2
o Temperature = [1 + 𝛾+1 (𝑀1 2 − 1)] ∙ [ (𝛾+1)𝑀1 2
]
𝑇1

𝑇02 𝑝02 𝜌
o Grandezze totali 𝑇01
=1 ⇒ 𝑝01
= 𝜌02
01

1 𝛾
−𝛾−1
𝑝02 2𝛾 2 (𝛾 + 1)𝑀1 2 𝛾−1
= [1 + (𝑀 − 1)] ∙[ ]
𝑝01 𝛾+1 1 (𝛾 − 1)𝑀1 2 + 2

• Salto di entropia attraverso l’urto

14
𝛾
𝑅 𝑝02 2𝛾 (𝛾 − 1)𝑀1 2 + 2
𝑠2 − 𝑠1 = − ln ( ) = 𝑐𝑣 ln ([1 + (𝑀1 2 − 1)] ∙ [ ] )
𝑀 𝑝01 𝛾+1 (𝛾 + 1)𝑀1 2

q
4. Flusso di Rayleigh [ Tabella 3 ] 1 2

q
o Temperatura totale ingress –uscita: To 2 = To 1 +
cp

• Rapporti tra le grandezze termodinamiche e rapporti riferiti alle condizioni critiche

𝑝2 1+𝛾𝑀1 2 𝑝 1+𝛾
o Pressione: i = 2 ⇒ =
𝑝1 1+𝛾𝑀2 𝑝∗ 1+𝛾𝑀2

2 2 2 2
𝑇2 1+𝛾𝑀 𝑀 𝑇 1+𝛾
o Temperature: = (1+𝛾𝑀1 2 ) ∙ (𝑀2 ) ⇒ = 𝑀2 ∙ (1+𝛾𝑀2 )
𝑇1 2 1 𝑇∗

𝜌2 1+𝛾𝑀 2 𝑀 2 𝜌 1 1+𝛾𝑀2
o Densità : = 1+𝛾𝑀2 2 ∙ (𝑀1 ) ⇒ = 𝑀2 ∙ ( )
𝜌1 1 2 𝜌∗ 1+𝛾

• Rapporti tra le grandezze di arresto e rapporti riferiti alle condizioni critiche

o Pressioni totali

𝛾
𝛾−1 𝛾−1 𝛾
𝑝02 1 + 𝛾𝑀1 2 1 + 2 𝑀2 2 𝑝0 1+𝛾 2 + (𝛾 − 1)𝑀2 𝛾−1
= ∙[ ] ⇒ = ∙ [ ]
𝑝01 1 + 𝛾𝑀2 2 1 + 𝛾 − 1 𝑀 2 𝑝0 ∗ 1 + 𝛾𝑀2 𝛾+1
2 1

o Temperature totali

2 𝛾−1 2
𝑇02 1 + 𝛾𝑀1 2 𝑀2 2 1 + 2 𝑀2 𝑇0 (1 + 𝛾)𝑀2
=( ) ∙( ) ∙ ⇒ = ∙ [2 + (𝛾 − 1)𝑀2 ]
𝑇01 1 + 𝛾𝑀2 2 𝑀1 𝛾−1
1 + 2 𝑀1 2 𝑇0 ∗ (1 + 𝛾𝑀2 )2

o Calcolo della generica grandezza a partire dai rapporti critici

15
𝑓𝑖 𝑓𝑖 ∗
𝑓𝑖 = ∗ … . . 𝑓
𝑓𝑖 𝑓1 1
• Salto di entropia nel flusso Rayleigh

𝑇02 𝑅 𝑝02
𝑠2 − 𝑠1 = 𝑐𝑝 ln ( ) − ln ( )
𝑇01 𝑀 𝑝01

2
𝑇2 𝑅 𝑝2 1 + 𝛾𝑀1 2 𝑀2 2 𝑅 1 + 𝛾𝑀1 2
𝑠2 − 𝑠1 = 𝑐𝑝 ln ( ) − ln ( ) = 𝑐𝑝 ln (( ) ∙ ( ) ) − ln ( )
𝑇1 𝑀 𝑝1 1 + 𝛾𝑀2 2 𝑀1 𝑀 1 + 𝛾𝑀2 2

• Flusso di calore critico [ M2 = 1 ]

𝑞 = 𝑐𝑝 (𝑇0 2 − 𝑇01 ) in generale

In condizioni critiche 𝑇02 = 𝑇0 ∗

𝑞∗ = 𝑐𝑝 (𝑇0 ∗ − 𝑇01 )

16
5. Flusso di Fanno [ Tabella 4 ] 1 2
L

• Flusso compressibile adiabatico e viscoso

o Condizioni di ingresso: 1 ; Condizioni di uscita : 2

4 𝐿
o Bilancio qdm (𝑝2 − 𝑝1 ) + (𝜌2 𝑢2 2 − 𝜌1 𝑢1 2) = − ∫0 𝜏𝑤 𝑑𝑥
𝐷

• Rapporti tra le grandezze termodinamiche e rapporti riferiti alle condizioni critiche

2
𝑇2 2+(𝛾−1)𝑀 𝑇 𝛾+1
o Temperature = 2+(𝛾−1)𝑀1 2 ⇒ = 2+(𝛾−1)𝑀2
𝑇1 2 𝑇∗

1 1
𝑝2 𝑀1 2+(𝛾−1)𝑀1 2 2 𝑝 1 𝛾+1 2
o Pressioni = 𝑀 ∙ [2+(𝛾−1)𝑀 2 ] ⇒ = 𝑀 ∙ [2+(𝛾−1)𝑀2 ]
𝑝1 2 2 𝑝∗

1 1
−2
𝜌2 𝑀1 2+(𝛾−1)𝑀1 2 𝜌 1 2+(𝛾−1)𝑀2 2
o Densità = 𝑀 ∙ [2+(𝛾−1)𝑀 2 ] ⇒ =𝑀∙[ ]
𝜌1 2 2 𝜌∗ 𝛾+1

• Rapporti tra le grandezze di arresto e rapporti riferiti alle condizioni critiche [Tabella 4]

𝑇02
o Temperature totali =1
𝑇01

𝛾+1 𝛾+1
𝑝02 𝑀1 2+(𝛾−1)𝑀2 2 2(𝛾−1) 𝑝0 1 2+(𝛾−1)𝑀2 2(𝛾−1)
o Pressioni totali = 𝑀 ∙ [2+(𝛾−1)𝑀 2 ] ⇒ =𝑀∙[ ]
𝑝01 2 1 𝑝0 ∗ 𝛾+1

o Calcolo della generica grandezza a partire dai rapporti critici

17
𝑓𝑖 𝑓𝑖 ∗
𝑓𝑖 = ∗ … . . 𝑓
𝑓𝑖 𝑓1 1

• Lunghezza critica normalizzata del condotto [Tabella 4]

4𝐿∗ ̅̅̅
𝐶𝑓 1 − 𝑀2 𝛾 + 1 (𝛾 + 1)𝑀2
= + ln ( )
𝐷 𝛾𝑀2 2𝛾 2 + (𝛾 − 1)𝑀2

• Legame tra le lunghezze critiche normalizzate associate al condotto [M2 = 1]

̅̅̅𝑓
4𝐿𝐶 4𝐿∗ ̅̅̅
𝐶𝑓 4𝐿∗ ̅̅̅
𝐶𝑓
= ( ) −( )
𝐷 𝐷 1 𝐷 2

̅̅̅̅
4𝐿𝐶 𝑓
: condotto assegnato
𝐷

4𝐿∗ ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝑓
( ) : 𝑀1 in ingresso che rende critico il condotto
𝐷 1

4𝐿∗ ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝑓
( ) ∶ 𝑀2 in ingresso che rende critico il condotto
𝐷 2

4𝐿∗ ̅̅̅
𝐶𝑓 4𝐿∗ ̅̅̅
𝐶𝑓 ̅̅̅𝑓
4𝐿𝐶
( ) = ( ) −
𝐷 2 𝐷 1 𝐷

• Salto di entropia nel flusso di Fanno


𝛾+1
2 2(𝛾−1)
𝑇2 𝑅 𝑝2 𝑅 𝑝02 𝑅 𝑀1 2 + (𝛾 − 1)𝑀2
𝑠2 − 𝑠1 = 𝑐𝑝 ln ( ) − ln ( ) = − ln ( ) = − ln ( ∙ [ ] )
𝑇1 𝑀 𝑝1 𝑀 𝑝01 𝑀 𝑀2 2 + (𝛾 − 1)𝑀1 2

18
• Richiamo: Flusso incompressibile in un condotto

𝑝2 −𝑝1 4
o Bilancio integrale di qdm = − 𝐷 ∙ 𝜏𝑤 𝜏𝑤 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒
𝐿

𝑑𝑝
𝑑𝑥
o Gradiente di pressione normalizzato 𝜆= 1
̅2⁄
𝜌𝑢
2
𝐷
o Leggi 𝜆 − 𝑅𝑒 per condotto a sezione circolare e liscio

64
𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑒 (𝑅𝑒 < 2300)
𝑅𝑒

0.32
𝜆= 1 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑑𝑖 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑧𝑎 (2300 < 𝑅𝑒 < 105 )
𝑅𝑒 4

0.16
1 𝑟𝑒𝑔𝑖𝑚𝑒 𝑑𝑖 𝑎𝑙𝑡𝑎 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑧𝑎 (105 < 𝑅𝑒 < 107 )
{ 𝑅𝑒 6

19
6. Onda d’urto obliqua [Rif. Urto Normale Tabella 2; Fig. 1 pag.57 ;Tabella diretta pag. 58]

𝜃 : deflessione della parete ovvero della corrente

𝛽 ∶ deflessione dell’urto rispetto alla direzione della corrente a monte

• Rapporti tra le grandezze monte - valle dell’urto

o Densità – velocità

𝜌2 𝑢1 (𝛾 + 1)𝑀1 2 (sin 𝛽)2


= =
𝜌1 𝑢2 (𝛾 − 1)𝑀1 2 (sin 𝛽)2 + 2

o Pressioni
𝑝2 2𝛾
=1+ [𝑀1 2 (sin 𝛽)2 − 1]
𝑝1 𝛾+1

o Temperature

𝑇2 2𝛾 2 2
(𝛾 − 1)𝑀1 2 (sin 𝛽)2 + 2
= {1 + [𝑀 (sin 𝛽 ) − 1]} ∙ [ ]
𝑇1 𝛾+1 1 (𝛾 + 1)𝑀1 2 (sin 𝛽)2

o Grandezze totali
𝑇02 𝑝02 𝜌02
=1 ⇒ =
𝑇01 𝑝01 𝜌01

20
1 𝛾
−𝛾−1
𝑝02 2𝛾 2 2
(𝛾 + 1)𝑀1 2 (sin 𝛽)2 𝛾−1
= {1 + [𝑀 (sin 𝛽) − 1]} ∙[ ]
𝑝01 𝛾+1 1 (𝛾 − 1)𝑀1 2 (sin 𝛽)2 + 2

• Salto di entropia attraverso l’urto

𝛾
𝑅 𝑝02 2𝛾 2 2
(𝛾 − 1)𝑀1 2 (sin 𝛽)2 + 2
𝑠2 − 𝑠1 = − ln ( ) = 𝑐𝑣 ln {{1 + [𝑀 (sin 𝛽) − 1]} ∙ [ ] }
𝑀 𝑝01 𝛾+1 1 (𝛾 + 1)𝑀1 2 (sin 𝛽)2

• Numeri di Mach (….normali a monte e a valle dell’urto )

o Mach_1n 𝑀1𝑛 = 𝑀1 sin 𝛽

o Mach_2n 𝑀2𝑛 = 𝑀2 sin( 𝛽 − 𝜗 )

• Relazione Mach a valle - Mach a monte

2 1 2 + (𝛾 − 1)𝑀1 2 (sin 𝛽)2


𝑀2 = ∙[ ]
[sin(𝛽 − 𝜗)]2 2𝛾𝑀1 2 (sin 𝛽)2 − (𝛾 − 1)

2 𝑀1 2 (sin 𝛽)2 −1
• Relazione 𝜽 − 𝜷 − 𝑀 tan(𝜗) = ∙[ ] [Tabella e Diagramma ]
tan(𝛽) 𝑀1 2 (𝛾+cos 2𝛽)+2

• Definizione di coefficiente di pressione espresso in funzione del numero di Mach della


𝑝−𝑝∞ 2 𝑝
corrente indisturbata a monte 𝑐𝑝 = 1 2
= 𝛾𝑀 2 ∙ (𝑝 − 1)
𝜌 𝑉 ∞ ∞
2 ∞ ∞

21
2 𝑝
• Coefficiente di pressione a valle di un’urto ( 1   ) 𝑐𝑝 = 2 ∙( − 1)
𝛾𝑀1 𝑝1

7. Espansione supersonica [ Tabella 5 ]

M1

M2

• Pendenze delle linee di Mach

1
sin  =
M

1
tan  =
M 2 −1

• Funzione di Prandtl – Meyer

𝛾+1 𝛾−1
𝜈(𝑀) = {√𝛾−1 tan−1 [√𝛾+1 (𝑀2 − 1)] − tan−1 [√(𝑀2 − 1)]} [ Tab. 5 ]

2 =  ( M 2 ) − ( M 1 ) [Espansione > 0 Compressione elementare < 0 ]

• Coefficiente di pressione su una parete a valle dell’espansione

22
2 𝑝
𝑐𝑝 = 2 ∙( − 1)
𝛾𝑀1 𝑝1

8. Flussi linearizzati: flussi subsonici compressibili e supersonici

𝑝−𝑝∞ 2 𝑝
• Coefficiente di pressione 𝑐𝑝 = 1 2
= 𝛾𝑀 2 ∙ (𝑝 − 1)
𝜌 𝑉 ∞ ∞
2 ∞ ∞

• Flussi subsonici compressibili linearizzati

𝑐𝑝
𝑖𝑛𝑐
Relazione di Prandtl- Glauert 𝑐𝑝 𝑐𝑜𝑚 =
√1−𝑀∞ 2

𝛽 = √1 − 𝑀∞ 2

𝐶𝐿 𝑖𝑛𝑐
𝐶𝐿 𝑐𝑜𝑚 =
𝛽

𝐶𝐿 𝛼
𝑖𝑛𝑐
Coefficienti aerodinamici 𝐶𝐿 𝛼 =
𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 𝛽

𝐶𝑀 𝑖𝑛𝑐
{ 𝐶𝑀 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 = 𝛽

Formula di Laitone
𝑐𝑝 𝑖𝑛𝑐
𝑐𝑝 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 =
𝛾−1
𝑀∞ 2 ∙ (1 + 𝑀∞
2
)
√1 − 𝑀∞ 2 + 2 𝑐𝑝𝑖𝑛𝑐
2√1 − 𝑀∞ 2
[ ]

Formula di von Karman – Tsien

23
𝑐𝑝 𝑖𝑛𝑐
𝑐𝑝 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 =
𝑀∞ 2 𝑐𝑝 𝑖𝑛𝑐
√1 − 𝑀∞ 2 + ∙
2
2

[1 + 1 − 𝑀∞ ]
• Numero di Mach critico di un profilo alare

o Coefficiente di pressione relativo a condizioni critiche per un flusso compressibile

𝛾
𝛾−1 𝛾−1
2 (1 + 𝑀∞ 2 )
𝑐𝑝 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝_𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜 = ∙ 2 −1
𝛾
𝛾𝑀∞ 2 𝛾 − 1 𝛾−1
(1 + 2 )
{[ ] }

o Coefficiente di pressione critico in un flusso incompressibile corrispondente alle


condizioni critiche compressibili

𝑐𝑝 𝑖𝑛𝑐 = √1 − 𝑀∞ 2 ∙ 𝑐𝑝 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝_𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜
_𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜

• Flussi supersonici linearizzati

𝑝−𝑝∞ 2 𝑝
o Coefficiente di pressione 𝑐𝑝 = 1 2
= 𝛾𝑀 2 ∙ (𝑝 − 1)
𝜌 𝑉 ∞ ∞
2 ∞ ∞

2𝜃
Su una parete 𝑐𝑝 = ± + Compressione ; - Espansione
𝜆

𝜆 = √𝑀∞ 2 − 1

𝜃 : angolo tra direzione locale attorno al corpo e la direzione della corrente


a monte

o Profilo sottile posto a piccola incidenza (piccole perturbazioni) in una corrente


supersonica

• Coefficiente di pressione

24
2 u 2  dy 
Upper c pu = =  ( ) upper −  
M  −1 − 1  dx 
2 2
M

2 l 2  dy 
Lower c pl = =  − ( ) lower 
M  −1 −1  dx 
2 2
M
4𝛼
o Coefficiente di portanza 𝐶𝐿 =
√𝑀∞ 2 −1

C l 4
o Pendenza della curva di portanza =
 M  −1
2

o Coefficiente di resistenza

4𝛼 2 𝑑𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦 2
2 𝑐
𝐶𝐷 = + ∫ [( ) + ( ) ] 𝑑𝑥
√𝑀∞ 2 − 1 𝑐√𝑀∞ 2 − 1 0 𝑑𝑥 𝑢 𝑑𝑥 𝑙

o Coefficiente di momento rispetto al bordo di attacco ( A )

2 2  c dy c
dy 
Cm A = - +  x dx +  x dx 
M  −1 − 1  0 dx u dx l 
2 2
c2 M  0

2 2 Su + Sl
Cm A = - − 2
M −1 −1 c
2 2
M

o Coefficiente di momento focale

2 𝑆𝑢 + 𝑆𝑙
𝐶𝑀 0 = − ∙
√𝑀∞ 2 − 1 𝑐2

25
o Profilo a forma di diamante posto ad incidenza nulla

4 𝑡 2
Coefficiente di resistenza 𝐶𝐷 = ∙ (𝑐 )
√𝑀∞ 2 −1

o Placca piana posta a piccola incidenza

2
Coefficiente di pressione cp = 
M  −1
2

4𝛼
Coefficiente di portanza 𝐶𝐿 =
√𝑀∞ 2 −1

C l 4
Pendenza della curva di portanza =
 M  −1
2

4𝛼 2
Coefficiente di resistenza 𝐶𝐷 =
√𝑀∞ 2 −1

Coefficiente di momento rispetto al bordo di attacco

2𝛼
𝐶𝑀 𝐴 = −
√𝑀∞ 2 −1

Coefficiente di momento focale 𝐶𝑀 0 = 0

26
𝑥0 1
Coordinata normalizzata del fuoco =2
𝑐

9. Corpi assialsimmetrici e ala finita in correnti supersoniche

• Corpo di minima resistenza d’onda di un corpo assialsimmetrico ( Sears – Haack )

𝑥
𝑟(𝑙 ) 2 0.75
⁄2 𝑥
Equazione della geometria = [1 − (𝑙 ) ]
𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑥 ⁄2

Resistenza d’onda riferita alla pressione dinamica della corrente

𝐷 9𝜋 𝐴𝑚𝑎𝑥 2
| = ∙( )
𝑞 𝑤𝑎𝑣𝑒 2 𝑙

𝐴𝑚𝑎𝑥 : sezione frontale massima del corpo

• Ala finita

o Perdita di coefficiente di portanza dovuta alla tridimensionalità del flusso


1 1
𝐶𝐿 2𝐷
∆𝐶𝐿 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑑𝑖𝑡𝑎 = 2 = 2 𝐶𝐿 2𝐷
𝑏 𝑐 𝐴𝑅 ∙ √𝑀∞ 2 − 1

𝑐 𝑑

𝑑: semi-ampiezza del cono di Mach misurato lungo il bordo di fuga

c: corda del profilo


AR: Allungamento alare

o Variazione percentuale del coefficiente di portanza rispetto al caso 2D

𝐶𝐿 1 1
=1− =1−
𝐶𝐿 2𝐷 2𝐴𝑅√𝑀∞ 2 − 1 ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝑅

27
• Ala a freccia (  : angolo di freccia )

o Modifica del coefficiente di pressione per effetto della freccia


𝑐𝑝 2𝐷 tan Λ
𝑐𝑝 ∗ 2𝐷 = 𝑛=
√1 − 𝑛 2 √𝑀∞ 2 − 1

10. Flusso ipersonico: teoria Newtoniana

𝑝−𝑝∞ 2 𝑝
• Coefficiente di pressione 𝑐𝑝 = 1 2
= 𝛾𝑀 2 ∙ (𝑝 − 1)
𝜌 𝑉 ∞ ∞
2 ∞ ∞

𝑐𝑝 = 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜗 ( Formula di Newton del seno al quadrato )

𝑐𝑝 = 𝑐𝑝 𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝜗 ( 𝐅𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐮𝐥𝐚 𝐝𝐢 𝐋𝐞𝐞𝐬 )

• Relazioni dell’urto obliquo ad elevati numeri di Mach

2
p2
=
p1  + 1
(
M 12 sen 2  )

 2 ( + 1)
=
1 ( − 1)

T2
→
T1

 +1
= 
2

• Placca piana posta ad incidenza

o Coefficiente di portanza C L = 2 sen 2 cos 

o Coefficiente di resistenza C D = 2 sen 2 sen  = 2sen 3

• Cilindro 2D CD = 4 / 3

28
• Sfera CD = 1

• Cuneo 2D ad incidenza nulla C D = 4 sen 2 tan 

11. Aerotermodinamica

• Temperature e velocità caratteristiche

o Corrente a monte : temperatura statica 𝑇 ; velocità 𝑈 [ → 𝑀∞ ]

o Esterno allo strato limite: temperatura statica 𝑇𝑒 ( x ) ; velocità 𝑈e ( 𝑥 ) [ → 𝑀𝑒 (𝑥)]

o Temperatura di arresto

𝑈 2 −1 −1
𝑇0∞ = 𝑇 + 2𝑐 = 𝑇 (1 + 𝑀2  ) = 𝑇e (1 + 𝑀2 e )
𝑝 2 2

o Temperatura di recupero

𝑈 2 −1 2
𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑐 ∞ = 𝑇 + 𝑅 = 𝑇 (1 + 𝑅 𝑀 )
2𝑐𝑝 2

𝑈e 2 −1 2
𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑐 𝑒 = 𝑇e + 𝑅 = 𝑇e (1 + 𝑅 𝑀 e)
2𝑐𝑝 2

𝒅𝒑𝒆
• Parete adiabatica ; qualsiasi ; 𝑷𝒓 ≠ 𝟏 ( Integrale di Busemann )
𝒅𝒙

𝑢2
o 𝐻=ℎ+ 2
= 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑒 = 𝐻𝑒

𝑈𝑒 2 (𝑥) −1
o 𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑐 = 𝑇𝑒 (𝑥) + 𝑅 = 𝑇𝑒 (1 + 𝑅 𝑀2 𝑒 )
2𝑐𝑝 2

U 2
o Profilo di temperatura T(φ) = Te + R 2ce (1 − φ2 )
p

𝑢
o φ = ; 𝑅 = 𝑃𝑟 𝑟
𝑈𝑒

29
R = Pr = 0.71 Moto di Couette
1
Aria : Pr = 0.71 R = Pr = 0.843 Strato limite laminare
2

1
R = Pr 3 = 0.892 Strato limite turbolento

𝒅𝒑𝒆
• Parete non adiabatica; = 𝟎 ; 𝑷𝒓 = 𝟏 ; [ Integrale di Crocco ]
𝒅𝒙

𝑢2 𝑢2
ℎ+ 2 − ℎ𝑤 𝑇+2c − 𝑇𝑤
𝑢 𝐻 – 𝐻𝑤 p
o Analogia locale dei campi = = 𝑈 2
= 𝑈 2
𝑈∞ 𝐻∞ − 𝐻𝑤 ℎ +  − ℎ𝑤 𝑇 + − 𝑇𝑤
2 2cp

o Profilo di temperatura 𝑇(𝜑) = 𝑇𝑤 (1 − 𝜑) + 𝑇∞ 𝜑 2 + 𝑇𝑜 (𝜑 − 𝜑 2 )

𝒅𝒑𝒆
• Parete non adiabatica ; = 𝟎 ; 𝑷𝒓 ≠ 𝟏
𝒅𝒙

𝑢2 𝑢2
ℎ+𝑅 − ℎ𝑤 𝑇+𝑅2c − 𝑇𝑤
𝑢 𝐻−𝐻𝑤 2 p
o Analogia dei campi locali =𝐻 = 2 = 𝑈 2
𝑈∞ 𝑟𝑒𝑐 −𝐻𝑤 ℎ +𝑅  − ℎ𝑤
𝑈
𝑇 +𝑅 − 𝑇𝑤
2 2cp

o Profilo di temperatura 𝑇(𝜑) = 𝑇𝑤 (1 − 𝜑) + 𝑇∞ 𝜑 2 + 𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑐 (𝜑 − 𝜑 2 )

𝑈 2 −1
o Temperatura di arresto 𝑇0∞ = 𝑇 + = 𝑇 (1 + 𝑀2  )
2𝑐𝑝 2

𝑈 2 −1
o Temperatura di recupero 𝑇 𝑟𝑒𝑐∞ = 𝑇 + 𝑅 2𝑐 = 𝑇 (1 + 𝑅 𝑀2  )
𝑝 2

• Temperatura nello strato limite per =0.5 T * = 0.5Tw + 0.25T + 0.25Trec

30
𝒅𝒑𝒆
• Parete non adiabatica ; = 𝟎 ; 𝑷𝒓 ≠ 𝟏
𝒅𝒙

Analogia di Reynolds : scambi locali e integrali

o 𝑃𝑟 = 1
𝜏𝑤 (𝑥) 𝑞𝑤 (𝑥)
Formulazione locale = −𝑐
𝑈∞ 𝑝 (𝑇0 −𝑇𝑤 )

𝜏𝑤
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝑞𝑤
Formulazione integrale = −𝑐
𝑈∞ 𝑝 (𝑇0 −𝑇𝑤 )

o 𝑃𝑟 ≠ 1
𝜏𝑤 (𝑥) 𝑞𝑤 (𝑥)𝐴
Formulazione locale = −𝑐
𝑈∞ 𝑝 (𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑐 −𝑇𝑤 )

𝜏𝑤
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅𝐴
𝑞𝑤
Formulazione integrale =−
𝑈∞ 𝑐𝑝 (𝑇𝑟𝑒𝑐 −𝑇𝑤 )

• Fattori di analogia e di recupero

𝑎 𝐴 = 𝑃𝑟 𝑎 𝑟 𝑅 = 𝑃𝑟 𝑟
Flusso alla Couette 1 Pr 1 Pr
Strato limite laminare 2/3 𝑃𝑟 2/3 1/2 𝑃𝑟1/2
Strato limite turbolento 0.6 𝑃𝑟 0.6 1/3 𝑃𝑟1/3

31
• Placca piana : leggi di resistenza per flusso incompressibile

𝑉∞ 𝐿 𝜌∞
o Numero di Reynolds 𝑅𝑒𝐿 = 𝜇∞

o Reynolds critico 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜 = 5 ∙ 105

1.328
o 𝑅𝑒𝐿 ≤ 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜 → 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑒 → 𝐶𝐷 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑚 =
√𝑅𝑒𝐿

0.074
o 𝑅𝑒𝑐𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑜 < 𝑅𝑒𝐿 < 107 → 𝑆𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑜 𝑙𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑒 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑧𝑎 → 𝐶𝐷 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑚 = 1
𝑅𝑒𝐿 5

0.0295
o 𝑅𝑒𝐿 ≥ 107 → 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑠𝑠𝑜 𝑎𝑑 𝑎𝑙𝑡𝑎 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑧𝑎 → 𝐶𝐷 𝑖𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑚 = 1
𝑅𝑒𝐿 7

• Temperatura nello strato limite per =0.5 T * = 0.5Tw + 0.25T + 0.25Trec

• Correzione dell’attrito di una placca piana per effetto della compressibilità e della
𝑇
trasmissione termica 𝜒 = 𝜒 ( 𝑇𝑤 ; 𝑀∞ )

−0.125
𝑇𝑤 + 𝑇∞ 𝛾 − 1 𝑀∞ 2
𝐿𝑎𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑎𝑟𝑒 𝜒=( +𝑅 )
2𝑇∞ 2 4

−0.65
𝑇𝑤 + 𝑇∞ 𝛾 − 1 𝑀∞ 2
( +𝑅 )
𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑠𝑎 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑧𝑎 𝜒= 2𝑇∞ 2 4

−0.75
𝑇𝑤 + 𝑇∞ 𝛾 − 1 𝑀∞ 2
𝐴𝑙𝑡𝑎 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑏𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑧𝑎 𝜒=( +𝑅 )
2𝑇∞ 2 4

32
Correzione per il caso adiabatico

𝛾−1 3 −0.65
• Strato limite turbolento 𝜒 = (1 + 𝑅 𝑀∞ 2 )
2 4

𝛾−1 3 −0.125
• Strato limite laminare 𝜒 = (1 + 𝑅 𝑀∞ 2 )
2 4
• Correzione dell’attrito a parete della placca piana

𝐶𝐷 𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑝 = 𝐶𝐷 𝑖𝑛𝑐 ∙ 𝜒
w comp = w incomp ∙𝜒

• Flusso di calore medio a parete su una placca piana

 w comp   c p V
qw = - c p (Trec − Tw ) = − CD comp (Trec − Tw ) = − K (Trec - Tw )
A U 2A

  c p V
K= C D comp
2A

• Supersonic cone rules

o Strato limite laminare

𝜃𝑐 < 55° 𝑀∞ > 1.2

𝑅𝑒𝑥,𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜 = 𝑅𝑒𝑥,𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑎 𝑝𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑎

𝑀∞,𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜 = 𝑀∞,𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑎 𝑝𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑎

𝑇𝑤 𝑇𝑤
( ) =( )
𝑇∞ 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜 𝑇∞ 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑎 𝑝𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑎

𝐶𝑓_𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜 = √3 𝐶𝑓_𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑎 𝑝𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑎

33
𝑞𝑤_𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜 = √3 𝑞𝑤𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑎 𝑝𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑎

o Strato limite turbolento 𝐶𝑓_𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑜 = (1.1 ÷ 1.15 ) ∙ 𝐶𝑓_𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑐𝑐𝑎 𝑝𝑖𝑎𝑛𝑎

• Flusso nell’intorno del punto di arresto della corrente

𝑑𝑈𝑒
o Flusso esterno : 𝑈𝑒 (𝑥) = 𝑘 𝑥 ; 𝑘 = ( )
𝑑𝑥 0

o Sforzo di attrito a parete su un bordo di attacco cilindrico


1 1
3 2
𝑑𝑈𝑒 2 𝑑𝑈𝑒
𝜏𝑤 (𝑥) = 1.23259 ∙ [𝜌 𝜇 𝑈𝑒2 (𝑥) ( ) ] = 1.23259 ∙ [𝜌 𝜇 ( ) ] ∙𝑥
𝑑𝑥 0 𝑑𝑥 0

o Sforzo di attrito a parete su un bordo di attacco sferico


1 1

2 (𝑥)
𝑑𝑈𝑒 2 𝑑𝑈𝑒 3 2
𝜏𝑤 (𝑥) = 1.31194 ∙ [𝜌 𝜇 𝑈𝑒 ( ) ] = 1.31194 ∙ [𝜌 𝜇 ( ) ] ∙𝑥
𝑑𝑥 0 𝑑𝑥 0

• Flusso termico a parete nel punto di arresto

o Bordo di attacco cilindrico (2D)

1 𝜌𝑤 𝜇𝑤 0.1
𝑞𝑤 (0) = 0.570 ∙ 𝑃𝑟 −0.6 ∙ (𝜌𝑒 𝜇𝑒 𝑘)2 ∙ ( ) ∙ (𝐻𝑒 − 𝐻𝑤 )
𝜌𝑒 𝜇𝑒

o Bordo di attacco sferico (3D)

1 𝜌𝑤 𝜇𝑤 0.1
𝑞𝑤 (0) = 0.763 ∙ 𝑃𝑟 −0.6 ∙ (𝜌𝑒 𝜇𝑒 𝑘)2 ∙ ( ) ∙ (𝐻𝑒 − 𝐻𝑤 )
𝜌𝑒 𝜇𝑒

34
“ e “ : condizioni di arresto

“ w “ : condizioni a parete
• Flusso termico nel punto di arresto: relazione approssimata (dall’analogia di Reynolds)

1
𝜏𝑤_𝑐 (𝑥) ∗ ∗ 𝑑𝑈 2
o 𝑞𝑤 (𝑥) = − 𝑐 (𝑇 − 𝑇𝑤 ) ; 𝜏𝑤 (𝑥) = C ∙ [𝜌 𝜇 𝑈𝑒2 (𝑥) ( 𝑑𝑥𝑒) ]
𝐴𝑈𝑒 (𝑥) 𝑝 0 0

𝑑𝑈𝑒
√𝜌 ∗ 𝜇∗ ( )
𝑑𝑥 0
𝑞𝑤 (0) = 𝐶 𝐴
𝑐𝑝 (𝑇0 − 𝑇𝑤 )

Bordo di attacco cilindrico C = 1.2326

Bordo di attacco sferico C = 1.3119

𝒌𝑫
• Relazioni normalizzate per k : = 𝒇( 𝑀∞ )
𝑼∞

o Flusso subsonico 𝑀∞ < 0.7

𝑘𝐷
• Bordo d’attacco cilindrico (2D) : ≅ 4(1 − 0.416𝑀∞ 2 − 0.164𝑀∞ 4 )
𝑈∞

𝑘𝐷
• Bordo d’attacco sferico (3D) : ≅ 3(1 − 0.252𝑀∞ 2 − 0.0175𝑀∞ 4 )
𝑈∞

𝑘𝐷 𝜋
• Flat nosed – (corpo con bordo di attacco piatto): ≅ 2 ∙ [1 − 𝑓(𝑀∞ ) ]
𝑈∞

o Flusso supersonico e ipersonico ( presenza di urto curvo e staccato )

1 1
𝑘𝐷 𝜌∞ 𝜌∞

2 2
= (8 ) = (8 𝜌 )
𝑈∞ 𝜌𝑒 𝑜2

“ e“ : condizioni di arresto

"∞" : condizioni a monte dell’urto

𝜌∞
= 𝑓(𝑀∞ ) dalle relazioni dell’urto retto
𝜌02

35
−1
 1

kD  ( + 1) M  2   − 1 ( − 1) M  2 + 2   −1 
= 8 1 +   (tabella sotto)
 ( − 1) M  + 2  2 2M  2 −  + 1  
2
U
 

M kD/U (Cil & Sfer )


1 2.252000
1.2 2.068805
1.4 1.911037
1.6 1.782975
1.8 1.680303
2 1.597808
2.2 1.531040
2.4 1.476514
2.6 1.431566
2.8 1.394176
3 1.362803
3.2 1.336263
3.4 1.313642
3.6 1.294225
3.8 1.277449
4 1.262866
4.2 1.250118
4.4 1.238915
4.6 1.229023
4.8 1.220247
5 1.212428

• Formula empirica di Romig per il calcolo del flusso di calore nel punto di arresto
( 𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑑𝑎 𝑎𝑡𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑛𝑜 𝑎 𝑇∞ ≈ 400°𝑅 ≈ 222 𝐾 )

𝑝 𝐵𝑇𝑈
𝑞𝑤 (0) = 0.0145 ∙ 𝑀∞ 3.1 ∙ √ 𝑅∞ [𝑓𝑡2 ∙𝑠]

𝑙𝑏 𝐵𝑇𝑈 𝑘𝑊
[ 𝑝∞ ] = [ 𝑓𝑡𝑓2 ] ; [ 𝑅 ] = [ 𝑓𝑡] ; 1 = 11.349
𝑓𝑡 2 ∙𝑠 𝑚2

36
12.Tabelle di calcolo per l’Aria (  = 1.4 )

Evoluzione isoentropica Tabella 1


ARIA  = 1.4  = 1,4
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M*
0,00 1,0000 1,0000 1,0000 0,0000
0,01 1,0001 1,0001 1,0000 0,0110
0,02 1,0003 1,0002 1,0001 0,0219
0,03 1,0006 1,0005 1,0002 0,0329
0,04 1,0011 1,0008 1,0003 0,0438
0,05 1,0018 1,0013 1,0005 0,0548
0,06 1,0025 1,0018 1,0007 0,0657
0,07 1,0034 1,0025 1,0010 0,0766
0,08 1,0045 1,0032 1,0013 0,0876
0,09 1,0057 1,0041 1,0016 0,0985
0,10 1,0070 1,0050 1,0020 0,1094
0,11 1,0085 1,0061 1,0024 0,1204
0,12 1,0101 1,0072 1,0029 0,1313
0,13 1,0119 1,0085 1,0034 0,1422
0,14 1,0138 1,0098 1,0039 0,1531
0,15 1,0158 1,0113 1,0045 0,1639
0,16 1,0180 1,0128 1,0051 0,1748
0,17 1,0204 1,0145 1,0058 0,1857
0,18 1,0229 1,0163 1,0065 0,1965
0,19 1,0255 1,0181 1,0072 0,2074
0,20 1,0283 1,0201 1,0080 0,2182
0,21 1,0312 1,0222 1,0088 0,2290
0,22 1,0343 1,0244 1,0097 0,2398
0,23 1,0375 1,0267 1,0106 0,2506
0,24 1,0409 1,0290 1,0115 0,2614
0,25 1,0444 1,0315 1,0125 0,2722
0,26 1,0481 1,0341 1,0135 0,2829
0,27 1,0520 1,0368 1,0146 0,2936
0,28 1,0560 1,0397 1,0157 0,3043
0,29 1,0601 1,0426 1,0168 0,3150
0,30 1,0644 1,0456 1,0180 0,3257
0,31 1,0689 1,0487 1,0192 0,3364
0,32 1,0735 1,0520 1,0205 0,3470
0,33 1,0783 1,0553 1,0218 0,3576
0,34 1,0833 1,0588 1,0231 0,3682
0,35 1,0884 1,0624 1,0245 0,3788
0,36 1,0937 1,0661 1,0259 0,3893
0,37 1,0992 1,0699 1,0274 0,3999
0,38 1,1048 1,0738 1,0289 0,4104
0,39 1,1106 1,0778 1,0304 0,4209
0,40 1,1166 1,0819 1,0320 0,4313
0,41 1,1227 1,0862 1,0336 0,4418
0,42 1,1290 1,0905 1,0353 0,4522
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M*
0,43 1,1355 1,0950 1,0370 0,4626
0,44 1,1422 1,0996 1,0387 0,4729

37
0,45 1,1491 1,1043 1,0405 0,4833
0,46 1,1561 1,1092 1,0423 0,4936
0,47 1,1634 1,1141 1,0442 0,5038
0,48 1,1708 1,1192 1,0461 0,5141
0,49 1,1784 1,1244 1,0480 0,5243
0,50 1,1862 1,1297 1,0500 0,5345
0,51 1,1942 1,1352 1,0520 0,5447
0,52 1,2024 1,1407 1,0541 0,5548
0,53 1,2108 1,1464 1,0562 0,5649
0,54 1,2194 1,1522 1,0583 0,5750
0,55 1,2283 1,1582 1,0605 0,5851
0,56 1,2373 1,1643 1,0627 0,5951
0,57 1,2465 1,1705 1,0650 0,6051
0,58 1,2560 1,1768 1,0673 0,6150
0,59 1,2656 1,1832 1,0696 0,6249
0,60 1,2755 1,1898 1,0720 0,6348
0,61 1,2856 1,1966 1,0744 0,6447
0,62 1,2959 1,2034 1,0769 0,6545
0,63 1,3065 1,2104 1,0794 0,6643
0,64 1,3173 1,2176 1,0819 0,6740
0,65 1,3283 1,2248 1,0845 0,6837
0,66 1,3396 1,2322 1,0871 0,6934
0,67 1,3511 1,2398 1,0898 0,7031
0,68 1,3628 1,2475 1,0925 0,7127
0,69 1,3748 1,2553 1,0952 0,7223
0,70 1,3871 1,2633 1,0980 0,7318
0,71 1,3996 1,2714 1,1008 0,7413
0,72 1,4124 1,2797 1,1037 0,7508
0,73 1,4254 1,2881 1,1066 0,7602
0,74 1,4387 1,2967 1,1095 0,7696
0,75 1,4523 1,3054 1,1125 0,7789
0,76 1,4661 1,3143 1,1155 0,7883
0,77 1,4802 1,3233 1,1186 0,7975
0,78 1,4947 1,3325 1,1217 0,8068
0,79 1,5094 1,3419 1,1248 0,8160
0,80 1,5243 1,3514 1,1280 0,8251
0,81 1,5396 1,3610 1,1312 0,8343
0,82 1,5552 1,3709 1,1345 0,8433
0,83 1,5711 1,3808 1,1378 0,8524
0,84 1,5873 1,3910 1,1411 0,8614
0,85 1,6038 1,4013 1,1445 0,8704
0,86 1,6207 1,4118 1,1479 0,8793
0,87 1,6378 1,4225 1,1514 0,8882
0,88 1,6553 1,4333 1,1549 0,8970
0,89 1,6731 1,4443 1,1584 0,9058
0,90 1,6913 1,4555 1,1620 0,9146
0,91 1,7098 1,4669 1,1656 0,9233
0,92 1,7287 1,4784 1,1693 0,9320
0,93 1,7479 1,4901 1,1730 0,9407
0,94 1,7675 1,5020 1,1767 0,9493
0,95 1,7874 1,5141 1,1805 0,9578
0,96 1,8078 1,5264 1,1843 0,9663
0,97 1,8285 1,5389 1,1882 0,9748
0,98 1,8496 1,5515 1,1921 0,9833
0,99 1,8710 1,5644 1,1960 0,9916
1,00 1,8929 1,5774 1,2000 1,0000
1,01 1,9152 1,5907 1,2040 1,0083
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M*
1,02 1,9379 1,6041 1,2081 1,0166
1,03 1,9610 1,6178 1,2122 1,0248

38
1,04 1,9846 1,6316 1,2163 1,0330
1,05 2,0085 1,6457 1,2205 1,0411
1,06 2,0330 1,6599 1,2247 1,0492
1,07 2,0578 1,6744 1,2290 1,0573
1,08 2,0831 1,6891 1,2333 1,0653
1,09 2,1089 1,7040 1,2376 1,0733
1,10 2,1351 1,7191 1,2420 1,0812
1,11 2,1618 1,7344 1,2464 1,0891
1,12 2,1890 1,7500 1,2509 1,0970
1,13 2,2167 1,7658 1,2554 1,1048
1,14 2,2449 1,7818 1,2599 1,1126
1,15 2,2736 1,7980 1,2645 1,1203
1,16 2,3028 1,8145 1,2691 1,1280
1,17 2,3325 1,8312 1,2738 1,1356
1,18 2,3628 1,8481 1,2785 1,1432
1,19 2,3936 1,8653 1,2832 1,1508
1,20 2,4250 1,8827 1,2880 1,1583
1,21 2,4569 1,9004 1,2928 1,1658
1,22 2,4894 1,9183 1,2977 1,1732
1,23 2,5224 1,9365 1,3026 1,1806
1,24 2,5560 1,9549 1,3075 1,1879
1,25 2,5903 1,9736 1,3125 1,1952
1,26 2,6251 1,9925 1,3175 1,2025
1,27 2,6606 2,0117 1,3226 1,2097
1,28 2,6967 2,0311 1,3277 1,2169
1,29 2,7334 2,0508 1,3328 1,2240
1,30 2,7707 2,0708 1,3380 1,2311
1,31 2,8088 2,0911 1,3432 1,2382
1,32 2,8474 2,1116 1,3485 1,2452
1,33 2,8868 2,1324 1,3538 1,2522
1,34 2,9269 2,1535 1,3591 1,2591
1,35 2,9676 2,1749 1,3645 1,2660
1,36 3,0091 2,1965 1,3699 1,2729
1,37 3,0513 2,2185 1,3754 1,2797
1,38 3,0942 2,2407 1,3809 1,2864
1,39 3,1378 2,2633 1,3864 1,2932
1,40 3,1823 2,2861 1,3920 1,2999
1,41 3,2275 2,3093 1,3976 1,3065
1,42 3,2734 2,3327 1,4033 1,3131
1,43 3,3202 2,3565 1,4090 1,3197
1,44 3,3678 2,3805 1,4147 1,3262
1,45 3,4162 2,4049 1,4205 1,3327
1,46 3,4654 2,4296 1,4263 1,3392
1,47 3,5155 2,4547 1,4322 1,3456
1,48 3,5665 2,4800 1,4381 1,3520
1,49 3,6183 2,5057 1,4440 1,3583
1,50 3,6710 2,5317 1,4500 1,3646
1,51 3,7247 2,5581 1,4560 1,3708
1,52 3,7792 2,5848 1,4621 1,3770
1,53 3,8347 2,6119 1,4682 1,3832
1,54 3,8911 2,6392 1,4743 1,3894
1,55 3,9485 2,6670 1,4805 1,3955
1,56 4,0068 2,6951 1,4867 1,4015
1,57 4,0662 2,7235 1,4930 1,4075
1,58 4,1266 2,7524 1,4993 1,4135
1,59 4,1880 2,7816 1,5056 1,4195
1,60 4,2504 2,8111 1,5120 1,4254
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M*
1,61 4,3139 2,8411 1,5184 1,4313
1,62 4,3785 2,8714 1,5249 1,4371

39
1,63 4,4442 2,9021 1,5314 1,4429
1,64 4,5110 2,9332 1,5379 1,4487
1,65 4,5789 2,9646 1,5445 1,4544
1,66 4,6479 2,9965 1,5511 1,4601
1,67 4,7181 3,0288 1,5578 1,4657
1,68 4,7896 3,0614 1,5645 1,4713
1,69 4,8622 3,0945 1,5712 1,4769
1,70 4,9360 3,1280 1,5780 1,4825
1,71 5,0111 3,1619 1,5848 1,4880
1,72 5,0874 3,1962 1,5917 1,4935
1,73 5,1650 3,2310 1,5986 1,4989
1,74 5,2439 3,2662 1,6055 1,5043
1,75 5,3241 3,3018 1,6125 1,5097
1,76 5,4057 3,3378 1,6195 1,5150
1,77 5,4886 3,3743 1,6266 1,5203
1,78 5,5729 3,4113 1,6337 1,5256
1,79 5,6587 3,4487 1,6408 1,5308
1,80 5,7458 3,4865 1,6480 1,5360
1,81 5,8344 3,5248 1,6552 1,5411
1,82 5,9244 3,5636 1,6625 1,5463
1,83 6,0160 3,6029 1,6698 1,5514
1,84 6,1091 3,6426 1,6771 1,5564
1,85 6,2037 3,6828 1,6845 1,5614
1,86 6,2998 3,7235 1,6919 1,5664
1,87 6,3976 3,7647 1,6994 1,5714
1,88 6,4970 3,8063 1,7069 1,5763
1,89 6,5980 3,8485 1,7144 1,5812
1,90 6,7006 3,8912 1,7220 1,5861
1,91 6,8050 3,9344 1,7296 1,5909
1,92 6,9111 3,9781 1,7373 1,5957
1,93 7,0189 4,0223 1,7450 1,6005
1,94 7,1284 4,0671 1,7527 1,6052
1,95 7,2398 4,1124 1,7605 1,6099
1,96 7,3530 4,1582 1,7683 1,6146
1,97 7,4680 4,2045 1,7762 1,6192
1,98 7,5849 4,2514 1,7841 1,6239
1,99 7,7037 4,2989 1,7920 1,6284
2,00 7,8244 4,3469 1,8000 1,6330
2,01 7,9471 4,3955 1,8080 1,6375
2,02 8,0718 4,4446 1,8161 1,6420
2,03 8,1985 4,4944 1,8242 1,6465
2,04 8,3273 4,5447 1,8323 1,6509
2,05 8,4581 4,5956 1,8405 1,6553
2,06 8,5911 4,6471 1,8487 1,6597
2,07 8,7262 4,6991 1,8570 1,6640
2,08 8,8635 4,7518 1,8653 1,6683
2,09 9,0030 4,8051 1,8736 1,6726
2,10 9,1447 4,8590 1,8820 1,6769
2,11 9,2887 4,9136 1,8904 1,6811
2,12 9,4350 4,9687 1,8989 1,6853
2,13 9,5836 5,0245 1,9074 1,6895
2,14 9,7347 5,0809 1,9159 1,6936
2,15 9,8881 5,1380 1,9245 1,6977
2,16 10,0440 5,1957 1,9331 1,7018
2,17 10,2023 5,2541 1,9418 1,7059
2,18 10,3632 5,3132 1,9505 1,7099
2,19 10,5267 5,3729 1,9592 1,7139
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M*
2,20 10,6927 5,4333 1,9680 1,7179
2,21 10,8614 5,4944 1,9768 1,7219

40
2,22 11,0327 5,5561 1,9857 1,7258
2,23 11,2068 5,6186 1,9946 1,7297
2,24 11,3836 5,6818 2,0035 1,7336
2,25 11,5631 5,7457 2,0125 1,7374
2,26 11,7455 5,8103 2,0215 1,7412
2,27 11,9308 5,8756 2,0306 1,7450
2,28 12,1190 5,9416 2,0397 1,7488
2,29 12,3101 6,0084 2,0488 1,7526
2,30 12,5043 6,0759 2,0580 1,7563
2,31 12,7015 6,1442 2,0672 1,7600
2,32 12,9017 6,2133 2,0765 1,7637
2,33 13,1051 6,2831 2,0858 1,7673
2,34 13,3116 6,3536 2,0951 1,7709
2,35 13,5214 6,4250 2,1045 1,7745
2,36 13,7344 6,4971 2,1139 1,7781
2,37 13,9507 6,5701 2,1234 1,7817
2,38 14,1704 6,6438 2,1329 1,7852
2,39 14,3935 6,7183 2,1424 1,7887
2,40 14,6200 6,7937 2,1520 1,7922
2,41 14,8500 6,8699 2,1616 1,7956
2,42 15,0836 6,9469 2,1713 1,7991
2,43 15,3208 7,0247 2,1810 1,8025
2,44 15,5616 7,1034 2,1907 1,8059
2,45 15,8061 7,1830 2,2005 1,8092
2,46 16,0544 7,2634 2,2103 1,8126
2,47 16,3064 7,3446 2,2202 1,8159
2,48 16,5623 7,4268 2,2301 1,8192
2,49 16,8222 7,5098 2,2400 1,8225
2,50 17,0859 7,5937 2,2500 1,8257
2,51 17,3537 7,6786 2,2600 1,8290
2,52 17,6256 7,7643 2,2701 1,8322
2,53 17,9016 7,8510 2,2802 1,8354
2,54 18,1818 7,9385 2,2903 1,8386
2,55 18,4662 8,0270 2,3005 1,8417
2,56 18,7549 8,1165 2,3107 1,8448
2,57 19,0480 8,2069 2,3210 1,8479
2,58 19,3455 8,2982 2,3313 1,8510
2,59 19,6475 8,3906 2,3416 1,8541
2,60 19,9540 8,4839 2,3520 1,8571
2,61 20,2652 8,5781 2,3624 1,8602
2,62 20,5809 8,6734 2,3729 1,8632
2,63 20,9015 8,7697 2,3834 1,8662
2,64 21,2268 8,8669 2,3939 1,8691
2,65 21,5569 8,9652 2,4045 1,8721
2,66 21,8920 9,0646 2,4151 1,8750
2,67 22,2321 9,1649 2,4258 1,8779
2,68 22,5772 9,2663 2,4365 1,8808
2,69 22,9274 9,3688 2,4472 1,8837
2,70 23,2829 9,4723 2,4580 1,8865
2,71 23,6436 9,5769 2,4688 1,8894
2,72 24,0096 9,6825 2,4797 1,8922
2,73 24,3810 9,7893 2,4906 1,8950
2,74 24,7579 9,8971 2,5015 1,8978
2,75 25,1403 10,0061 2,5125 1,9005
2,76 25,5284 10,1162 2,5235 1,9033
2,77 25,9221 10,2274 2,5346 1,9060
2,78 26,3217 10,3397 2,5457 1,9087
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M*
2,79 26,7270 10,4532 2,5568 1,9114
2,80 27,1383 10,5679 2,5680 1,9140

41
2,81 27,5556 10,6837 2,5792 1,9167
2,82 27,9789 10,8007 2,5905 1,9193
2,83 28,4084 10,9188 2,6018 1,9219
2,84 28,8441 11,0382 2,6131 1,9246
2,85 29,2862 11,1588 2,6245 1,9271
2,86 29,7346 11,2806 2,6359 1,9297
2,87 30,1896 11,4036 2,6474 1,9323
2,88 30,6511 11,5278 2,6589 1,9348
2,89 31,1192 11,6533 2,6704 1,9373
2,90 31,5941 11,7800 2,6820 1,9398
2,91 32,0758 11,9081 2,6936 1,9423
2,92 32,5644 12,0373 2,7053 1,9448
2,93 33,0600 12,1679 2,7170 1,9472
2,94 33,5627 12,2998 2,7287 1,9497
2,95 34,0725 12,4330 2,7405 1,9521
2,96 34,5897 12,5675 2,7523 1,9545
2,97 35,1141 12,7033 2,7642 1,9569
2,98 35,6461 12,8404 2,7761 1,9593
2,99 36,1856 12,9790 2,7880 1,9616
3,00 36,7327 13,1188 2,8000 1,9640
3,01 37,2876 13,2601 2,8120 1,9663
3,02 37,8503 13,4027 2,8241 1,9686
3,03 38,4210 13,5467 2,8362 1,9709
3,04 38,9997 13,6922 2,8483 1,9732
3,05 39,5865 13,8390 2,8605 1,9755
3,06 40,1815 13,9873 2,8727 1,9777
3,07 40,7849 14,1370 2,8850 1,9800
3,08 41,3968 14,2882 2,8973 1,9822
3,09 42,0172 14,4408 2,9096 1,9844
3,10 42,6462 14,5949 2,9220 1,9866
3,11 43,2841 14,7505 2,9344 1,9888
3,12 43,9307 14,9075 2,9469 1,9910
3,13 44,5864 15,0661 2,9594 1,9931
3,14 45,2512 15,2262 2,9719 1,9953
3,15 45,9251 15,3879 2,9845 1,9974
3,16 46,6084 15,5511 2,9971 1,9995
3,17 47,3011 15,7158 3,0098 2,0016
3,18 48,0034 15,8821 3,0225 2,0037
3,19 48,7153 16,0500 3,0352 2,0058
3,20 49,4370 16,2195 3,0480 2,0079
3,21 50,1686 16,3906 3,0608 2,0099
3,22 50,9103 16,5633 3,0737 2,0119
3,23 51,6620 16,7376 3,0866 2,0140
3,24 52,4240 16,9136 3,0995 2,0160
3,25 53,1965 17,0912 3,1125 2,0180
3,26 53,9794 17,2705 3,1255 2,0200
3,27 54,7730 17,4515 3,1386 2,0220
3,28 55,5773 17,6342 3,1517 2,0239
3,29 56,3925 17,8186 3,1648 2,0259
3,30 57,2188 18,0047 3,1780 2,0278
3,31 58,0562 18,1925 3,1912 2,0297
3,32 58,9049 18,3820 3,2045 2,0317
3,33 59,7650 18,5734 3,2178 2,0336
3,34 60,6367 18,7665 3,2311 2,0355
3,35 61,5201 18,9614 3,2445 2,0373
3,36 62,4154 19,1580 3,2579 2,0392
3,37 63,3226 19,3565 3,2714 2,0411
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M*
3,38 64,2419 19,5568 3,2849 2,0429
3,39 65,1735 19,7590 3,2984 2,0447

42
3,40 66,1175 19,9630 3,3120 2,0466
3,41 67,0740 20,1689 3,3256 2,0484
3,42 68,0432 20,3766 3,3393 2,0502
3,43 69,0253 20,5863 3,3530 2,0520
3,44 70,0204 20,7978 3,3667 2,0537
3,45 71,0286 21,0113 3,3805 2,0555
3,46 72,0501 21,2267 3,3943 2,0573
3,47 73,0851 21,4440 3,4082 2,0590
3,48 74,1337 21,6633 3,4221 2,0607
3,49 75,1960 21,8846 3,4360 2,0625
3,50 76,2723 22,1079 3,4500 2,0642
3,51 77,3627 22,3332 3,4640 2,0659
3,52 78,4673 22,5605 3,4781 2,0676
3,53 79,5863 22,7899 3,4922 2,0693
3,54 80,7199 23,0212 3,5063 2,0709
3,55 81,8682 23,2547 3,5205 2,0726
3,56 83,0314 23,4902 3,5347 2,0743
3,57 84,2098 23,7279 3,5490 2,0759
3,58 85,4033 23,9676 3,5633 2,0775
3,59 86,6123 24,2095 3,5776 2,0792
3,60 87,8369 24,4535 3,5920 2,0808
3,61 89,0773 24,6996 3,6064 2,0824
3,62 90,3336 24,9480 3,6209 2,0840
3,63 91,6061 25,1985 3,6354 2,0856
3,64 92,8949 25,4512 3,6499 2,0871
3,65 94,2001 25,7061 3,6645 2,0887
3,66 95,5221 25,9633 3,6791 2,0903
3,67 96,8609 26,2227 3,6938 2,0918
3,68 98,2168 26,4844 3,7085 2,0933
3,69 99,5899 26,7483 3,7232 2,0949
3,70 100,9805 27,0146 3,7380 2,0964
3,71 102,3887 27,2831 3,7528 2,0979
3,72 103,8147 27,5540 3,7677 2,0994
3,73 105,2588 27,8273 3,7826 2,1009
3,74 106,7211 28,1028 3,7975 2,1024
3,75 108,2018 28,3808 3,8125 2,1039
3,76 109,7011 28,6612 3,8275 2,1053
3,77 111,2193 28,9439 3,8426 2,1068
3,78 112,7565 29,2291 3,8577 2,1082
3,79 114,3130 29,5167 3,8728 2,1097
3,80 115,8889 29,8068 3,8880 2,1111
3,81 117,4845 30,0994 3,9032 2,1125
3,82 119,1000 30,3944 3,9185 2,1140
3,83 120,7356 30,6920 3,9338 2,1154
3,84 122,3915 30,9921 3,9491 2,1168
3,85 124,0679 31,2947 3,9645 2,1182
3,86 125,7651 31,5999 3,9799 2,1195
3,87 127,4833 31,9077 3,9954 2,1209
3,88 129,2227 32,2180 4,0109 2,1223
3,89 130,9836 32,5310 4,0264 2,1236
3,90 132,7661 32,8466 4,0420 2,1250
3,91 134,5705 33,1649 4,0576 2,1263
3,92 136,3970 33,4858 4,0733 2,1277
3,93 138,2460 33,8094 4,0890 2,1290
3,94 140,1175 34,1357 4,1047 2,1303
3,95 142,0119 34,4647 4,1205 2,1316
3,96 143,9294 34,7965 4,1363 2,1329
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M*
3,97 145,8702 35,1310 4,1522 2,1342
3,98 147,8346 35,4683 4,1681 2,1355

43
3,99 149,8229 35,8084 4,1840 2,1368
4,00 151,8352 36,1512 4,2000 2,1381
4,02 155,9332 36,8455 4,2321 2,1406
4,04 160,1306 37,5513 4,2643 2,1431
4,06 164,4295 38,2686 4,2967 2,1456
4,08 168,8320 38,9977 4,3293 2,1480
4,10 173,3404 39,7387 4,3620 2,1505
4,12 177,9568 40,4918 4,3949 2,1529
4,14 182,6834 41,2572 4,4279 2,1552
4,16 187,5226 42,0349 4,4611 2,1576
4,18 192,4767 42,8251 4,4945 2,1599
4,20 197,5479 43,6281 4,5280 2,1622
4,22 202,7388 44,4439 4,5617 2,1644
4,24 208,0517 45,2727 4,5955 2,1667
4,26 213,4892 46,1148 4,6295 2,1689
4,28 219,0537 46,9701 4,6637 2,1711
4,30 224,7478 47,8390 4,6980 2,1732
4,32 230,5742 48,7216 4,7325 2,1754
4,34 236,5355 49,6181 4,7671 2,1775
4,36 242,6343 50,5286 4,8019 2,1796
4,38 248,8735 51,4533 4,8369 2,1816
4,40 255,2557 52,3924 4,8720 2,1837
4,42 261,7839 53,3460 4,9073 2,1857
4,44 268,4609 54,3144 4,9427 2,1877
4,46 275,2896 55,2977 4,9783 2,1897
4,48 282,2730 56,2961 5,0141 2,1917
4,50 289,4142 57,3097 5,0500 2,1936
4,52 296,7161 58,3389 5,0861 2,1955
4,54 304,1820 59,3836 5,1223 2,1974
4,56 311,8149 60,4442 5,1587 2,1993
4,58 319,6181 61,5209 5,1953 2,2012
4,60 327,5949 62,6137 5,2320 2,2030
4,62 335,7485 63,7229 5,2689 2,2048
4,64 344,0824 64,8488 5,3059 2,2066
4,66 352,6000 65,9914 5,3431 2,2084
4,68 361,3047 67,1510 5,3805 2,2102
4,70 370,2001 68,3278 5,4180 2,2119
4,72 379,2898 69,5220 5,4557 2,2136
4,74 388,5774 70,7338 5,4935 2,2154
4,76 398,0666 71,9633 5,5315 2,2170
4,78 407,7612 73,2109 5,5697 2,2187
4,80 417,6649 74,4766 5,6080 2,2204
4,82 427,7818 75,7608 5,6465 2,2220
4,84 438,1156 77,0636 5,6851 2,2236
4,86 448,6704 78,3852 5,7239 2,2253
4,88 459,4503 79,7258 5,7629 2,2268
4,90 470,4593 81,0857 5,8020 2,2284
4,92 481,7016 82,4651 5,8413 2,2300
4,94 493,1815 83,8641 5,8807 2,2315
4,96 504,9032 85,2831 5,9203 2,2331
4,98 516,8712 86,7222 5,9601 2,2346
5,00 529,0898 88,1816 6,0000 2,2361
5,02 541,5635 89,6617 6,0401 2,2376
5,04 554,2970 91,1625 6,0803 2,2390
5,06 567,2948 92,6843 6,1207 2,2405
5,08 580,5616 94,2274 6,1613 2,2419
5,10 594,1022 95,7920 6,2020 2,2433
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M*
5,12 607,9214 97,3784 6,2429 2,2448
5,14 622,0242 98,9866 6,2839 2,2461

44
5,16 636,4154 100,6171 6,3251 2,2475
5,18 651,1002 102,2700 6,3665 2,2489
5,20 666,0836 103,9456 6,4080 2,2503
5,22 681,3709 105,6441 6,4497 2,2516
5,24 696,9673 107,3658 6,4915 2,2529
5,26 712,8781 109,1109 6,5335 2,2543
5,28 729,1088 110,8796 6,5757 2,2556
5,30 745,6648 112,6722 6,6180 2,2569
5,32 762,5518 114,4890 6,6605 2,2581
5,34 779,7753 116,3302 6,7031 2,2594
5,36 797,3411 118,1961 6,7459 2,2607
5,38 815,2550 120,0868 6,7889 2,2619
5,40 833,5228 122,0028 6,8320 2,2631
5,42 852,1506 123,9441 6,8753 2,2644
5,44 871,1444 125,9112 6,9187 2,2656
5,46 890,5103 127,9042 6,9623 2,2668
5,48 910,2545 129,9235 7,0061 2,2680
5,50 930,3833 131,9693 7,0500 2,2691
5,52 950,9031 134,0418 7,0941 2,2703
5,54 971,8205 136,1413 7,1383 2,2714
5,56 993,1418 138,2682 7,1827 2,2726
5,58 1014,8739 140,4227 7,2273 2,2737
5,60 1037,0234 142,6050 7,2720 2,2748
5,62 1059,5971 144,8154 7,3169 2,2760
5,64 1082,6020 147,0543 7,3619 2,2771
5,66 1106,0451 149,3219 7,4071 2,2782
5,68 1129,9335 151,6184 7,4525 2,2792
5,70 1154,2743 153,9443 7,4980 2,2803
5,72 1179,0749 156,2997 7,5437 2,2814
5,74 1204,3427 158,6850 7,5895 2,2824
5,76 1230,0851 161,1004 7,6355 2,2835
5,78 1256,3098 163,5462 7,6817 2,2845
5,80 1283,0243 166,0228 7,7280 2,2855
5,82 1310,2366 168,5304 7,7745 2,2865
5,84 1337,9544 171,0694 7,8211 2,2875
5,86 1366,1858 173,6400 7,8679 2,2885
5,88 1394,9389 176,2426 7,9149 2,2895
5,90 1424,2217 178,8774 7,9620 2,2905
5,92 1454,0427 181,5447 8,0093 2,2915
5,94 1484,4103 184,2450 8,0567 2,2924
5,96 1515,3328 186,9784 8,1043 2,2934
5,98 1546,8191 189,7453 8,1521 2,2943
6,00 1578,8777 192,5461 8,2000 2,2953
6,10 1748,0696 207,0682 8,4420 2,2998
6,20 1932,9443 222,4844 8,6880 2,3042
6,30 2134,7215 238,8366 8,9380 2,3084
6,40 2354,6971 256,1681 9,1920 2,3124
6,50 2594,2470 274,5235 9,4500 2,3163
6,60 2854,8307 293,9488 9,7120 2,3200
6,70 3137,9950 314,4914 9,9780 2,3235
6,80 3445,3783 336,2001 10,2480 2,3269
6,90 3778,7142 359,1251 10,5220 2,3302
7,00 4139,8361 383,3182 10,8000 2,3333
7,10 4530,6813 408,8325 11,0820 2,3364
7,20 4953,2954 435,7227 11,3680 2,3393
7,30 5409,8370 464,0450 11,6580 2,3421
7,40 5902,5822 493,8573 11,9520 2,3448
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M*
7,50 6433,9297 525,2187 12,2500 2,3474
7,60 7006,4053 558,1904 12,5520 2,3499

45
7,70 7622,6675 592,8346 12,8580 2,3523
7,80 8285,5122 629,2157 13,1680 2,3546
7,90 8997,8786 667,3994 13,4820 2,3569
8,00 9762,8542 707,4532 13,8000 2,3591
8,10 10583,6806 749,4463 14,1220 2,3612
8,20 11463,7595 793,4496 14,4480 2,3632
8,30 12406,6582 839,5357 14,7780 2,3652
8,40 13416,1161 887,7790 15,1120 2,3671
8,50 14496,0505 938,2557 15,4500 2,3689
8,60 15650,5633 991,0438 15,7920 2,3707
8,70 16883,9473 1046,2230 16,1380 2,3724
8,80 18200,6931 1103,8751 16,4880 2,3740
8,90 19605,4954 1164,0836 16,8420 2,3757
9,00 21103,2607 1226,9338 17,2000 2,3772
9,10 22699,1139 1292,5130 17,5620 2,3787
9,20 24398,4059 1360,9106 17,9280 2,3802
9,30 26206,7208 1432,2178 18,2980 2,3816
9,40 28129,8836 1506,5276 18,6720 2,3830
9,50 30173,9683 1583,9353 19,0500 2,3843
9,60 32345,3054 1664,5382 19,4320 2,3856
9,70 34650,4903 1748,4353 19,8180 2,3869
9,80 37096,3915 1835,7280 20,2080 2,3881
9,90 39690,1591 1926,5197 20,6020 2,3893
10,00 42439,2335 2020,9159 21,0000 2,3905
11,00 80334,4626 3187,8755 25,2000 2,4004
12,00 144463,0981 4847,7550 29,8000 2,4080
13,00 248615,0148 7144,1096 34,8000 2,4140
14,00 411899,4251 10246,2544 40,2000 2,4188
15,00 660164,8712 14351,4102 46,0000 2,4227
16,00 1027653,6297 19686,8511 52,2000 2,4259
17,00 1558908,5582 26512,0503 58,8000 2,4286
18,00 2310950,4178 35120,8270 65,8000 2,4308
19,00 3355743,7014 45843,4932 73,2000 2,4327
20,00 4782969,0000 59049,0000 81,0000 2,4343
    2,449

46
Onda d’urto normale. Tabella 2 (Aria)
ARIA =1.4  = 1,4
M1 M2 p2/p1 / T2/T1 p02/p01 M*
1,00 1,0000 1,0000 1,0000 1,0000 1,0000 1,0000
1,01 0,9901 1,0235 1,0167 1,0066 1,0000 1,0083
1,02 0,9805 1,0471 1,0334 1,0132 1,0000 1,0166
1,03 0,9712 1,0711 1,0502 1,0198 1,0000 1,0248
1,04 0,9620 1,0952 1,0671 1,0263 0,9999 1,0330
1,05 0,9531 1,1196 1,0840 1,0328 0,9999 1,0411
1,06 0,9444 1,1442 1,1009 1,0393 0,9998 1,0492
1,07 0,9360 1,1691 1,1179 1,0458 0,9996 1,0573
1,08 0,9277 1,1941 1,1349 1,0522 0,9994 1,0653
1,09 0,9196 1,2195 1,1520 1,0586 0,9992 1,0733
1,10 0,9118 1,2450 1,1691 1,0649 0,9989 1,0812
1,11 0,9041 1,2708 1,1862 1,0713 0,9986 1,0891
1,12 0,8966 1,2968 1,2034 1,0776 0,9982 1,0970
1,13 0,8892 1,3231 1,2206 1,0840 0,9978 1,1048
1,14 0,8820 1,3495 1,2378 1,0903 0,9973 1,1126
1,15 0,8750 1,3763 1,2550 1,0966 0,9967 1,1203
1,16 0,8682 1,4032 1,2723 1,1029 0,9961 1,1280
1,17 0,8615 1,4304 1,2896 1,1092 0,9953 1,1356
1,18 0,8549 1,4578 1,3069 1,1154 0,9946 1,1432
1,19 0,8485 1,4855 1,3243 1,1217 0,9937 1,1508
1,20 0,8422 1,5133 1,3416 1,1280 0,9928 1,1583
1,21 0,8360 1,5415 1,3590 1,1343 0,9918 1,1658

47
1,22 0,8300 1,5698 1,3764 1,1405 0,9907 1,1732
1,23 0,8241 1,5984 1,3938 1,1468 0,9896 1,1806
1,24 0,8183 1,6272 1,4112 1,1531 0,9884 1,1879
1,25 0,8126 1,6563 1,4286 1,1594 0,9871 1,1952
1,26 0,8071 1,6855 1,4460 1,1657 0,9857 1,2025
1,27 0,8016 1,7151 1,4634 1,1720 0,9842 1,2097
1,28 0,7963 1,7448 1,4808 1,1783 0,9827 1,2169
1,29 0,7911 1,7748 1,4983 1,1846 0,9811 1,2240
1,30 0,7860 1,8050 1,5157 1,1909 0,9794 1,2311
1,31 0,7809 1,8355 1,5331 1,1972 0,9776 1,2382
1,32 0,7760 1,8661 1,5505 1,2035 0,9758 1,2452
1,33 0,7712 1,8971 1,5680 1,2099 0,9738 1,2522
1,34 0,7664 1,9282 1,5854 1,2162 0,9718 1,2591
1,35 0,7618 1,9596 1,6028 1,2226 0,9697 1,2660
1,36 0,7572 1,9912 1,6202 1,2290 0,9676 1,2729
1,37 0,7527 2,0231 1,6376 1,2354 0,9653 1,2797
1,38 0,7483 2,0551 1,6549 1,2418 0,9630 1,2864
1,39 0,7440 2,0875 1,6723 1,2482 0,9607 1,2932
1,40 0,7397 2,1200 1,6897 1,2547 0,9582 1,2999
1,41 0,7355 2,1528 1,7070 1,2612 0,9557 1,3065
1,42 0,7314 2,1858 1,7243 1,2676 0,9531 1,3131
1,43 0,7274 2,2191 1,7416 1,2741 0,9504 1,3197
1,44 0,7235 2,2525 1,7589 1,2807 0,9476 1,3262
1,45 0,7196 2,2863 1,7761 1,2872 0,9448 1,3327
1,46 0,7157 2,3202 1,7934 1,2938 0,9420 1,3392
1,47 0,7120 2,3544 1,8106 1,3003 0,9390 1,3456
1,48 0,7083 2,3888 1,8278 1,3069 0,9360 1,3520
1,49 0,7047 2,4235 1,8449 1,3136 0,9329 1,3583
1,50 0,7011 2,4583 1,8621 1,3202 0,9298 1,3646
1,51 0,6976 2,4935 1,8792 1,3269 0,9266 1,3708
1,52 0,6941 2,5288 1,8963 1,3336 0,9233 1,3770
1,53 0,6907 2,5644 1,9133 1,3403 0,9200 1,3832
1,54 0,6874 2,6002 1,9303 1,3470 0,9166 1,3894
1,55 0,6841 2,6363 1,9473 1,3538 0,9132 1,3955
M1 M2 p2/p1 / T2/T1 p02/p01 M*
1,56 0,6809 2,6725 1,9643 1,3606 0,9097 1,4015
1,57 0,6777 2,7091 1,9812 1,3674 0,9062 1,4075
1,58 0,6746 2,7458 1,9981 1,3742 0,9026 1,4135
1,59 0,6715 2,7828 2,0149 1,3811 0,8989 1,4195
1,60 0,6684 2,8200 2,0317 1,3880 0,8952 1,4254
1,61 0,6655 2,8575 2,0485 1,3949 0,8915 1,4313
1,62 0,6625 2,8951 2,0653 1,4018 0,8877 1,4371
1,63 0,6596 2,9331 2,0820 1,4088 0,8838 1,4429
1,64 0,6568 2,9712 2,0986 1,4158 0,8799 1,4487
1,65 0,6540 3,0096 2,1152 1,4228 0,8760 1,4544
1,66 0,6512 3,0482 2,1318 1,4299 0,8720 1,4601
1,67 0,6485 3,0871 2,1484 1,4369 0,8680 1,4657
1,68 0,6458 3,1261 2,1649 1,4440 0,8639 1,4713
1,69 0,6431 3,1655 2,1813 1,4512 0,8599 1,4769
1,70 0,6405 3,2050 2,1977 1,4583 0,8557 1,4825
1,71 0,6380 3,2448 2,2141 1,4655 0,8516 1,4880
1,72 0,6355 3,2848 2,2304 1,4727 0,8474 1,4935
1,73 0,6330 3,3251 2,2467 1,4800 0,8431 1,4989
1,74 0,6305 3,3655 2,2629 1,4873 0,8389 1,5043
1,75 0,6281 3,4063 2,2791 1,4946 0,8346 1,5097
1,76 0,6257 3,4472 2,2952 1,5019 0,8302 1,5150
1,77 0,6234 3,4884 2,3113 1,5093 0,8259 1,5203
1,78 0,6210 3,5298 2,3273 1,5167 0,8215 1,5256
1,79 0,6188 3,5715 2,3433 1,5241 0,8171 1,5308
1,80 0,6165 3,6133 2,3592 1,5316 0,8127 1,5360

48
1,81 0,6143 3,6555 2,3751 1,5391 0,8082 1,5411
1,82 0,6121 3,6978 2,3909 1,5466 0,8038 1,5463
1,83 0,6099 3,7404 2,4067 1,5541 0,7993 1,5514
1,84 0,6078 3,7832 2,4224 1,5617 0,7948 1,5564
1,85 0,6057 3,8263 2,4381 1,5693 0,7902 1,5614
1,86 0,6036 3,8695 2,4537 1,5770 0,7857 1,5664
1,87 0,6016 3,9131 2,4693 1,5847 0,7811 1,5714
1,88 0,5996 3,9568 2,4848 1,5924 0,7765 1,5763
1,89 0,5976 4,0008 2,5003 1,6001 0,7720 1,5812
1,90 0,5956 4,0450 2,5157 1,6079 0,7674 1,5861
1,91 0,5937 4,0895 2,5310 1,6157 0,7627 1,5909
1,92 0,5918 4,1341 2,5463 1,6236 0,7581 1,5957
1,93 0,5899 4,1791 2,5616 1,6314 0,7535 1,6005
1,94 0,5880 4,2242 2,5767 1,6394 0,7488 1,6052
1,95 0,5862 4,2696 2,5919 1,6473 0,7442 1,6099
1,96 0,5844 4,3152 2,6069 1,6553 0,7395 1,6146
1,97 0,5826 4,3611 2,6220 1,6633 0,7349 1,6192
1,98 0,5808 4,4071 2,6369 1,6713 0,7302 1,6239
1,99 0,5791 4,4535 2,6518 1,6794 0,7255 1,6284
2,00 0,5774 4,5000 2,6667 1,6875 0,7209 1,6330
2,01 0,5757 4,5468 2,6815 1,6956 0,7162 1,6375
2,02 0,5740 4,5938 2,6962 1,7038 0,7115 1,6420
2,03 0,5723 4,6411 2,7109 1,7120 0,7069 1,6465
2,04 0,5707 4,6885 2,7255 1,7203 0,7022 1,6509
2,05 0,5691 4,7363 2,7400 1,7285 0,6975 1,6553
2,06 0,5675 4,7842 2,7545 1,7369 0,6928 1,6597
2,07 0,5659 4,8324 2,7689 1,7452 0,6882 1,6640
2,08 0,5643 4,8808 2,7833 1,7536 0,6835 1,6683
2,09 0,5628 4,9295 2,7976 1,7620 0,6789 1,6726
2,10 0,5613 4,9783 2,8119 1,7705 0,6742 1,6769
2,11 0,5598 5,0274 2,8261 1,7789 0,6696 1,6811
2,12 0,5583 5,0768 2,8402 1,7875 0,6649 1,6853
2,13 0,5568 5,1264 2,8543 1,7960 0,6603 1,6895
2,14 0,5554 5,1762 2,8683 1,8046 0,6557 1,6936
M1 M2 p2/p1 / T2/T1 p02/p01 M*
2,15 0,5540 5,2262 2,8823 1,8132 0,6511 1,6977
2,16 0,5525 5,2765 2,8962 1,8219 0,6464 1,7018
2,17 0,5511 5,3270 2,9101 1,8306 0,6419 1,7059
2,18 0,5498 5,3778 2,9238 1,8393 0,6373 1,7099
2,19 0,5484 5,4288 2,9376 1,8481 0,6327 1,7139
2,20 0,5471 5,4800 2,9512 1,8569 0,6281 1,7179
2,21 0,5457 5,5314 2,9648 1,8657 0,6236 1,7219
2,22 0,5444 5,5831 2,9784 1,8746 0,6191 1,7258
2,23 0,5431 5,6350 2,9918 1,8835 0,6145 1,7297
2,24 0,5418 5,6872 3,0053 1,8924 0,6100 1,7336
2,25 0,5406 5,7396 3,0186 1,9014 0,6055 1,7374
2,26 0,5393 5,7922 3,0319 1,9104 0,6011 1,7412
2,27 0,5381 5,8450 3,0452 1,9194 0,5966 1,7450
2,28 0,5368 5,8981 3,0584 1,9285 0,5921 1,7488
2,29 0,5356 5,9514 3,0715 1,9376 0,5877 1,7526
2,30 0,5344 6,0050 3,0845 1,9468 0,5833 1,7563
2,31 0,5332 6,0588 3,0976 1,9560 0,5789 1,7600
2,32 0,5321 6,1128 3,1105 1,9652 0,5745 1,7637
2,33 0,5309 6,1670 3,1234 1,9745 0,5702 1,7673
2,34 0,5297 6,2215 3,1362 1,9838 0,5658 1,7709
2,35 0,5286 6,2762 3,1490 1,9931 0,5615 1,7745
2,36 0,5275 6,3312 3,1617 2,0025 0,5572 1,7781
2,37 0,5264 6,3864 3,1743 2,0119 0,5529 1,7817
2,38 0,5253 6,4418 3,1869 2,0213 0,5486 1,7852
2,39 0,5242 6,4974 3,1994 2,0308 0,5444 1,7887

49
2,40 0,5231 6,5533 3,2119 2,0403 0,5401 1,7922
2,41 0,5221 6,6094 3,2243 2,0499 0,5359 1,7956
2,42 0,5210 6,6658 3,2367 2,0595 0,5317 1,7991
2,43 0,5200 6,7224 3,2489 2,0691 0,5276 1,8025
2,44 0,5189 6,7792 3,2612 2,0788 0,5234 1,8059
2,45 0,5179 6,8362 3,2733 2,0885 0,5193 1,8092
2,46 0,5169 6,8935 3,2855 2,0982 0,5152 1,8126
2,47 0,5159 6,9510 3,2975 2,1080 0,5111 1,8159
2,48 0,5149 7,0088 3,3095 2,1178 0,5071 1,8192
2,49 0,5140 7,0668 3,3215 2,1276 0,5030 1,8225
2,50 0,5130 7,1250 3,3333 2,1375 0,4990 1,8257
2,51 0,5120 7,1834 3,3452 2,1474 0,4950 1,8290
2,52 0,5111 7,2421 3,3569 2,1574 0,4911 1,8322
2,53 0,5102 7,3010 3,3686 2,1674 0,4871 1,8354
2,54 0,5092 7,3602 3,3803 2,1774 0,4832 1,8386
2,55 0,5083 7,4196 3,3919 2,1875 0,4793 1,8417
2,56 0,5074 7,4792 3,4034 2,1976 0,4754 1,8448
2,57 0,5065 7,5390 3,4149 2,2077 0,4715 1,8479
2,58 0,5056 7,5991 3,4263 2,2179 0,4677 1,8510
2,59 0,5047 7,6594 3,4377 2,2281 0,4639 1,8541
2,60 0,5039 7,7200 3,4490 2,2383 0,4601 1,8571
2,61 0,5030 7,7808 3,4602 2,2486 0,4564 1,8602
2,62 0,5022 7,8418 3,4714 2,2590 0,4526 1,8632
2,63 0,5013 7,9030 3,4826 2,2693 0,4489 1,8662
2,64 0,5005 7,9645 3,4937 2,2797 0,4452 1,8691
2,65 0,4996 8,0262 3,5047 2,2902 0,4416 1,8721
2,66 0,4988 8,0882 3,5157 2,3006 0,4379 1,8750
2,67 0,4980 8,1504 3,5266 2,3111 0,4343 1,8779
2,68 0,4972 8,2128 3,5374 2,3217 0,4307 1,8808
2,69 0,4964 8,2754 3,5482 2,3323 0,4271 1,8837
2,70 0,4956 8,3383 3,5590 2,3429 0,4236 1,8865
2,71 0,4949 8,4014 3,5697 2,3536 0,4201 1,8894
2,72 0,4941 8,4648 3,5803 2,3642 0,4166 1,8922
2,73 0,4933 8,5284 3,5909 2,3750 0,4131 1,8950
M1 M2 p2/p1 / T2/T1 p02/p01 M*
2,74 0,4926 8,5922 3,6015 2,3858 0,4097 1,8978
2,75 0,4918 8,6562 3,6119 2,3966 0,4062 1,9005
2,76 0,4911 8,7205 3,6224 2,4074 0,4028 1,9033
2,77 0,4903 8,7850 3,6327 2,4183 0,3994 1,9060
2,78 0,4896 8,8498 3,6431 2,4292 0,3961 1,9087
2,79 0,4889 8,9148 3,6533 2,4402 0,3928 1,9114
2,80 0,4882 8,9800 3,6636 2,4512 0,3895 1,9140
2,81 0,4875 9,0454 3,6737 2,4622 0,3862 1,9167
2,82 0,4868 9,1111 3,6838 2,4733 0,3829 1,9193
2,83 0,4861 9,1770 3,6939 2,4844 0,3797 1,9219
2,84 0,4854 9,2432 3,7039 2,4955 0,3765 1,9246
2,85 0,4847 9,3096 3,7139 2,5067 0,3733 1,9271
2,86 0,4840 9,3762 3,7238 2,5179 0,3701 1,9297
2,87 0,4833 9,4430 3,7336 2,5292 0,3670 1,9323
2,88 0,4827 9,5101 3,7434 2,5405 0,3639 1,9348
2,89 0,4820 9,5774 3,7532 2,5518 0,3608 1,9373
2,90 0,4814 9,6450 3,7629 2,5632 0,3577 1,9398
2,91 0,4807 9,7128 3,7725 2,5746 0,3547 1,9423
2,92 0,4801 9,7808 3,7821 2,5861 0,3517 1,9448
2,93 0,4795 9,8490 3,7917 2,5976 0,3487 1,9472
2,94 0,4788 9,9175 3,8012 2,6091 0,3457 1,9497
2,95 0,4782 9,9862 3,8106 2,6206 0,3428 1,9521
2,96 0,4776 10,0552 3,8200 2,6322 0,3398 1,9545
2,97 0,4770 10,1244 3,8294 2,6439 0,3369 1,9569
2,98 0,4764 10,1938 3,8387 2,6555 0,3340 1,9593

50
2,99 0,4758 10,2634 3,8479 2,6673 0,3312 1,9616
3,00 0,4752 10,3333 3,8571 2,6790 0,3283 1,9640
3,01 0,4746 10,4034 3,8663 2,6908 0,3255 1,9663
3,02 0,4740 10,4738 3,8754 2,7026 0,3227 1,9686
3,03 0,4734 10,5444 3,8845 2,7145 0,3200 1,9709
3,04 0,4729 10,6152 3,8935 2,7264 0,3172 1,9732
3,05 0,4723 10,6862 3,9025 2,7383 0,3145 1,9755
3,06 0,4717 10,7575 3,9114 2,7503 0,3118 1,9777
3,07 0,4712 10,8290 3,9203 2,7623 0,3091 1,9800
3,08 0,4706 10,9008 3,9291 2,7744 0,3065 1,9822
3,09 0,4701 10,9728 3,9379 2,7865 0,3038 1,9844
3,10 0,4695 11,0450 3,9466 2,7986 0,3012 1,9866
3,11 0,4690 11,1174 3,9553 2,8108 0,2986 1,9888
3,12 0,4685 11,1901 3,9639 2,8230 0,2960 1,9910
3,13 0,4679 11,2630 3,9725 2,8352 0,2935 1,9931
3,14 0,4674 11,3362 3,9811 2,8475 0,2910 1,9953
3,15 0,4669 11,4096 3,9896 2,8598 0,2885 1,9974
3,16 0,4664 11,4832 3,9981 2,8722 0,2860 1,9995
3,17 0,4659 11,5570 4,0065 2,8846 0,2835 2,0016
3,18 0,4654 11,6311 4,0149 2,8970 0,2811 2,0037
3,19 0,4648 11,7054 4,0232 2,9095 0,2786 2,0058
3,20 0,4643 11,7800 4,0315 2,9220 0,2762 2,0079
3,21 0,4639 11,8548 4,0397 2,9345 0,2738 2,0099
3,22 0,4634 11,9298 4,0479 2,9471 0,2715 2,0119
3,23 0,4629 12,0050 4,0561 2,9598 0,2691 2,0140
3,24 0,4624 12,0805 4,0642 2,9724 0,2668 2,0160
3,25 0,4619 12,1562 4,0723 2,9851 0,2645 2,0180
3,26 0,4614 12,2322 4,0803 2,9979 0,2622 2,0200
3,27 0,4610 12,3084 4,0883 3,0106 0,2600 2,0220
3,28 0,4605 12,3848 4,0963 3,0234 0,2577 2,0239
3,29 0,4600 12,4614 4,1042 3,0363 0,2555 2,0259
3,30 0,4596 12,5383 4,1120 3,0492 0,2533 2,0278
3,31 0,4591 12,6154 4,1198 3,0621 0,2511 2,0297
3,32 0,4587 12,6928 4,1276 3,0751 0,2489 2,0317
M1 M2 p2/p1 / T2/T1 p02/p01 M*
3,33 0,4582 12,7704 4,1354 3,0881 0,2468 2,0336
3,34 0,4578 12,8482 4,1431 3,1011 0,2446 2,0355
3,35 0,4573 12,9262 4,1507 3,1142 0,2425 2,0373
3,36 0,4569 13,0045 4,1583 3,1273 0,2404 2,0392
3,37 0,4565 13,0830 4,1659 3,1405 0,2383 2,0411
3,38 0,4560 13,1618 4,1734 3,1537 0,2363 2,0429
3,39 0,4556 13,2408 4,1809 3,1669 0,2342 2,0447
3,40 0,4552 13,3200 4,1884 3,1802 0,2322 2,0466
3,41 0,4548 13,3994 4,1958 3,1935 0,2302 2,0484
3,42 0,4544 13,4791 4,2032 3,2069 0,2282 2,0502
3,43 0,4540 13,5590 4,2105 3,2203 0,2263 2,0520
3,44 0,4535 13,6392 4,2179 3,2337 0,2243 2,0537
3,45 0,4531 13,7196 4,2251 3,2472 0,2224 2,0555
3,46 0,4527 13,8002 4,2323 3,2607 0,2205 2,0573
3,47 0,4523 13,8810 4,2395 3,2742 0,2186 2,0590
3,48 0,4519 13,9621 4,2467 3,2878 0,2167 2,0607
3,49 0,4515 14,0434 4,2538 3,3014 0,2148 2,0625
3,50 0,4512 14,1250 4,2609 3,3151 0,2129 2,0642
3,51 0,4508 14,2068 4,2679 3,3287 0,2111 2,0659
3,52 0,4504 14,2888 4,2749 3,3425 0,2093 2,0676
3,53 0,4500 14,3710 4,2819 3,3563 0,2075 2,0693
3,54 0,4496 14,4535 4,2888 3,3701 0,2057 2,0709
3,55 0,4492 14,5362 4,2957 3,3839 0,2039 2,0726
3,56 0,4489 14,6192 4,3026 3,3978 0,2022 2,0743
3,57 0,4485 14,7024 4,3094 3,4117 0,2004 2,0759

51
3,58 0,4481 14,7858 4,3162 3,4257 0,1987 2,0775
3,59 0,4478 14,8694 4,3229 3,4397 0,1970 2,0792
3,60 0,4474 14,9533 4,3296 3,4537 0,1953 2,0808
3,61 0,4471 15,0374 4,3363 3,4678 0,1936 2,0824
3,62 0,4467 15,1218 4,3429 3,4819 0,1920 2,0840
3,63 0,4463 15,2064 4,3496 3,4961 0,1903 2,0856
3,64 0,4460 15,2912 4,3561 3,5103 0,1887 2,0871
3,65 0,4456 15,3762 4,3627 3,5245 0,1871 2,0887
3,66 0,4453 15,4615 4,3692 3,5388 0,1855 2,0903
3,67 0,4450 15,5470 4,3756 3,5531 0,1839 2,0918
3,68 0,4446 15,6328 4,3821 3,5674 0,1823 2,0933
3,69 0,4443 15,7188 4,3885 3,5818 0,1807 2,0949
3,70 0,4439 15,8050 4,3949 3,5962 0,1792 2,0964
3,71 0,4436 15,8914 4,4012 3,6107 0,1777 2,0979
3,72 0,4433 15,9781 4,4075 3,6252 0,1761 2,0994
3,73 0,4430 16,0650 4,4138 3,6397 0,1746 2,1009
3,74 0,4426 16,1522 4,4200 3,6543 0,1731 2,1024
3,75 0,4423 16,2396 4,4262 3,6689 0,1717 2,1039
3,76 0,4420 16,3272 4,4324 3,6836 0,1702 2,1053
3,77 0,4417 16,4150 4,4385 3,6983 0,1687 2,1068
3,78 0,4414 16,5031 4,4447 3,7130 0,1673 2,1082
3,79 0,4410 16,5914 4,4507 3,7278 0,1659 2,1097
3,80 0,4407 16,6800 4,4568 3,7426 0,1645 2,1111
3,81 0,4404 16,7688 4,4628 3,7575 0,1631 2,1125
3,82 0,4401 16,8578 4,4688 3,7723 0,1617 2,1140
3,83 0,4398 16,9470 4,4747 3,7873 0,1603 2,1154
3,84 0,4395 17,0365 4,4807 3,8022 0,1589 2,1168
3,85 0,4392 17,1262 4,4866 3,8172 0,1576 2,1182
3,86 0,4389 17,2162 4,4924 3,8323 0,1563 2,1195
3,87 0,4386 17,3064 4,4983 3,8473 0,1549 2,1209
3,88 0,4383 17,3968 4,5041 3,8625 0,1536 2,1223
3,89 0,4380 17,4874 4,5098 3,8776 0,1523 2,1236
3,90 0,4377 17,5783 4,5156 3,8928 0,1510 2,1250
3,91 0,4375 17,6694 4,5213 3,9080 0,1497 2,1263
M1 M2 p2/p1 / T2/T1 p02/p01 M*
3,92 0,4372 17,7608 4,5270 3,9233 0,1485 2,1277
3,93 0,4369 17,8524 4,5326 3,9386 0,1472 2,1290
3,94 0,4366 17,9442 4,5383 3,9540 0,1460 2,1303
3,95 0,4363 18,0362 4,5439 3,9694 0,1448 2,1316
3,96 0,4360 18,1285 4,5494 3,9848 0,1435 2,1329
3,97 0,4358 18,2210 4,5550 4,0003 0,1423 2,1342
3,98 0,4355 18,3138 4,5605 4,0158 0,1411 2,1355
3,99 0,4352 18,4068 4,5660 4,0313 0,1399 2,1368
4,00 0,4350 18,5000 4,5714 4,0469 0,1388 2,1381
4,02 0,4344 18,6871 4,5823 4,0782 0,1364 2,1406
4,04 0,4339 18,8752 4,5930 4,1096 0,1342 2,1431
4,06 0,4334 19,0642 4,6036 4,1412 0,1319 2,1456
4,08 0,4329 19,2541 4,6141 4,1729 0,1297 2,1480
4,10 0,4324 19,4450 4,6245 4,2048 0,1276 2,1505
4,12 0,4319 19,6368 4,6348 4,2368 0,1254 2,1529
4,14 0,4314 19,8295 4,6450 4,2690 0,1234 2,1552
4,16 0,4309 20,0232 4,6550 4,3014 0,1213 2,1576
4,18 0,4304 20,2178 4,6650 4,3339 0,1193 2,1599
4,20 0,4299 20,4133 4,6749 4,3666 0,1173 2,1622
4,22 0,4295 20,6098 4,6847 4,3994 0,1154 2,1644
4,24 0,4290 20,8072 4,6944 4,4324 0,1135 2,1667
4,26 0,4286 21,0055 4,7040 4,4655 0,1116 2,1689
4,28 0,4281 21,2048 4,7135 4,4988 0,1098 2,1711
4,30 0,4277 21,4050 4,7229 4,5322 0,1080 2,1732
4,32 0,4272 21,6061 4,7322 4,5658 0,1062 2,1754

52
4,34 0,4268 21,8082 4,7414 4,5995 0,1045 2,1775
4,36 0,4264 22,0112 4,7505 4,6334 0,1028 2,1796
4,38 0,4260 22,2151 4,7595 4,6675 0,1011 2,1816
4,40 0,4255 22,4200 4,7685 4,7017 0,0995 2,1837
4,42 0,4251 22,6258 4,7773 4,7361 0,0979 2,1857
4,44 0,4247 22,8325 4,7861 4,7706 0,0963 2,1877
4,46 0,4243 23,0402 4,7948 4,8053 0,0947 2,1897
4,48 0,4239 23,2488 4,8034 4,8401 0,0932 2,1917
4,50 0,4236 23,4583 4,8119 4,8751 0,0917 2,1936
4,52 0,4232 23,6688 4,8203 4,9102 0,0902 2,1955
4,54 0,4228 23,8802 4,8287 4,9455 0,0888 2,1974
4,56 0,4224 24,0925 4,8369 4,9810 0,0874 2,1993
4,58 0,4220 24,3058 4,8451 5,0166 0,0860 2,2012
4,60 0,4217 24,5200 4,8532 5,0523 0,0846 2,2030
4,62 0,4213 24,7351 4,8612 5,0882 0,0832 2,2048
4,64 0,4210 24,9512 4,8692 5,1243 0,0819 2,2066
4,66 0,4206 25,1682 4,8771 5,1605 0,0806 2,2084
4,68 0,4203 25,3861 4,8849 5,1969 0,0793 2,2102
4,70 0,4199 25,6050 4,8926 5,2334 0,0781 2,2119
4,72 0,4196 25,8248 4,9002 5,2701 0,0769 2,2136
4,74 0,4192 26,0455 4,9078 5,3070 0,0756 2,2154
4,76 0,4189 26,2672 4,9153 5,3440 0,0745 2,2170
4,78 0,4186 26,4898 4,9227 5,3811 0,0733 2,2187
4,80 0,4183 26,7133 4,9301 5,4184 0,0721 2,2204
4,82 0,4179 26,9378 4,9374 5,4559 0,0710 2,2220
4,84 0,4176 27,1632 4,9446 5,4935 0,0699 2,2236
4,86 0,4173 27,3895 4,9518 5,5313 0,0688 2,2253
4,88 0,4170 27,6168 4,9589 5,5692 0,0677 2,2268
4,90 0,4167 27,8450 4,9659 5,6073 0,0667 2,2284
4,92 0,4164 28,0741 4,9728 5,6455 0,0657 2,2300
4,94 0,4161 28,3042 4,9797 5,6839 0,0647 2,2315
4,96 0,4158 28,5352 4,9865 5,7224 0,0637 2,2331
4,98 0,4155 28,7671 4,9933 5,7611 0,0627 2,2346
5,00 0,4152 29,0000 5,0000 5,8000 0,0617 2,2361
M1 M2 p2/p1 / T2/T1 p02/p01 M*
5,02 0,4149 29,2338 5,0066 5,8390 0,0608 2,2376
5,04 0,4147 29,4685 5,0132 5,8782 0,0598 2,2390
5,06 0,4144 29,7042 5,0197 5,9175 0,0589 2,2405
5,08 0,4141 29,9408 5,0262 5,9570 0,0580 2,2419
5,10 0,4138 30,1783 5,0326 5,9966 0,0572 2,2433
5,12 0,4136 30,4168 5,0389 6,0364 0,0563 2,2448
5,14 0,4133 30,6562 5,0452 6,0763 0,0554 2,2461
5,16 0,4130 30,8965 5,0514 6,1164 0,0546 2,2475
5,18 0,4128 31,1378 5,0576 6,1567 0,0538 2,2489
5,20 0,4125 31,3800 5,0637 6,1971 0,0530 2,2503
5,22 0,4123 31,6231 5,0697 6,2376 0,0522 2,2516
5,24 0,4120 31,8672 5,0757 6,2784 0,0514 2,2529
5,26 0,4118 32,1122 5,0817 6,3192 0,0506 2,2543
5,28 0,4115 32,3581 5,0875 6,3603 0,0499 2,2556
5,30 0,4113 32,6050 5,0934 6,4014 0,0491 2,2569
5,32 0,4110 32,8528 5,0992 6,4428 0,0484 2,2581
5,34 0,4108 33,1015 5,1049 6,4843 0,0477 2,2594
5,36 0,4106 33,3512 5,1106 6,5259 0,0470 2,2607
5,38 0,4103 33,6018 5,1162 6,5677 0,0463 2,2619
5,40 0,4101 33,8533 5,1218 6,6097 0,0456 2,2631
5,42 0,4099 34,1058 5,1273 6,6518 0,0449 2,2644
5,44 0,4096 34,3592 5,1328 6,6941 0,0443 2,2656
5,46 0,4094 34,6135 5,1382 6,7365 0,0436 2,2668
5,48 0,4092 34,8688 5,1436 6,7791 0,0430 2,2680
5,50 0,4090 35,1250 5,1489 6,8218 0,0424 2,2691

53
5,52 0,4088 35,3821 5,1542 6,8647 0,0417 2,2703
5,54 0,4085 35,6402 5,1595 6,9077 0,0411 2,2714
5,56 0,4083 35,8992 5,1647 6,9509 0,0405 2,2726
5,58 0,4081 36,1591 5,1698 6,9943 0,0400 2,2737
5,60 0,4079 36,4200 5,1749 7,0378 0,0394 2,2748
5,62 0,4077 36,6818 5,1800 7,0815 0,0388 2,2760
5,64 0,4075 36,9445 5,1850 7,1253 0,0383 2,2771
5,66 0,4073 37,2082 5,1900 7,1693 0,0377 2,2782
5,68 0,4071 37,4728 5,1949 7,2134 0,0372 2,2792
5,70 0,4069 37,7383 5,1998 7,2577 0,0366 2,2803
5,72 0,4067 38,0048 5,2046 7,3021 0,0361 2,2814
5,74 0,4065 38,2722 5,2094 7,3467 0,0356 2,2824
5,76 0,4063 38,5405 5,2142 7,3915 0,0351 2,2835
5,78 0,4061 38,8098 5,2189 7,4364 0,0346 2,2845
5,80 0,4059 39,0800 5,2236 7,4814 0,0341 2,2855
5,82 0,4058 39,3511 5,2282 7,5266 0,0336 2,2865
5,84 0,4056 39,6232 5,2328 7,5720 0,0332 2,2875
5,86 0,4054 39,8962 5,2374 7,6175 0,0327 2,2885
5,88 0,4052 40,1701 5,2419 7,6632 0,0322 2,2895
5,90 0,4050 40,4450 5,2464 7,7091 0,0318 2,2905
5,92 0,4049 40,7208 5,2509 7,7551 0,0314 2,2915
5,94 0,4047 40,9975 5,2553 7,8012 0,0309 2,2924
5,96 0,4045 41,2752 5,2597 7,8475 0,0305 2,2934
5,98 0,4043 41,5538 5,2640 7,8940 0,0301 2,2943
6,00 0,4042 41,8333 5,2683 7,9406 0,0297 2,2953
6,10 0,4033 43,2450 5,2893 8,1760 0,0277 2,2998
6,20 0,4025 44,6800 5,3094 8,4153 0,0258 2,3042
6,30 0,4018 46,1383 5,3287 8,6584 0,0242 2,3084
6,40 0,4011 47,6200 5,3473 8,9055 0,0226 2,3124
6,50 0,4004 49,1250 5,3651 9,1564 0,0211 2,3163
6,60 0,3997 50,6533 5,3822 9,4113 0,0198 2,3200
6,70 0,3991 52,2050 5,3987 9,6700 0,0186 2,3235
6,80 0,3985 53,7800 5,4145 9,9326 0,0174 2,3269
6,90 0,3979 55,3783 5,4298 10,1990 0,0163 2,3302
M1 M2 p2/p1 / T2/T1 p02/p01 M*
7,00 0,3974 57,0000 5,4444 10,4694 0,0154 2,3333
7,10 0,3968 58,6450 5,4586 10,7436 0,0144 2,3364
7,20 0,3963 60,3133 5,4722 11,0218 0,0136 2,3393
7,30 0,3958 62,0050 5,4853 11,3038 0,0128 2,3421
7,40 0,3954 63,7200 5,4980 11,5897 0,0120 2,3448
7,50 0,3949 65,4583 5,5102 11,8795 0,0113 2,3474
7,60 0,3945 67,2200 5,5220 12,1732 0,0107 2,3499
7,70 0,3941 69,0050 5,5334 12,4707 0,0101 2,3523
7,80 0,3937 70,8133 5,5443 12,7722 0,0095 2,3546
7,90 0,3933 72,6450 5,5550 13,0775 0,0090 2,3569
8,00 0,3929 74,5000 5,5652 13,3867 0,0085 2,3591
8,10 0,3925 76,3783 5,5751 13,6998 0,0080 2,3612
8,20 0,3922 78,2800 5,5847 14,0168 0,0076 2,3632
8,30 0,3918 80,2050 5,5940 14,3377 0,0072 2,3652
8,40 0,3915 82,1533 5,6030 14,6625 0,0068 2,3671
8,50 0,3912 84,1250 5,6117 14,9911 0,0064 2,3689
8,60 0,3909 86,1200 5,6201 15,3237 0,0061 2,3707
8,70 0,3906 88,1383 5,6282 15,6601 0,0058 2,3724
8,80 0,3903 90,1800 5,6361 16,0004 0,0055 2,3740
8,90 0,3901 92,2450 5,6437 16,3446 0,0052 2,3757
9,00 0,3898 94,3333 5,6512 16,6927 0,0050 2,3772
9,10 0,3895 96,4450 5,6584 17,0447 0,0047 2,3787
9,20 0,3893 98,5800 5,6653 17,4006 0,0045 2,3802
9,30 0,3891 100,7383 5,6721 17,7603 0,0043 2,3816
9,40 0,3888 102,9200 5,6787 18,1240 0,0041 2,3830

54
9,50 0,3886 105,1250 5,6850 18,4915 0,0039 2,3843
9,60 0,3884 107,3533 5,6912 18,8629 0,0037 2,3856
9,70 0,3882 109,6050 5,6972 19,2382 0,0035 2,3869
9,80 0,3880 111,8800 5,7031 19,6174 0,0033 2,3881
9,90 0,3878 114,1783 5,7088 20,0005 0,0032 2,3893
10,00 0,3876 116,5000 5,7143 20,3875 0,0030 2,3905
11,00 0,3859 141,0000 5,7619 24,4711 0,0019 2,4004
12,00 0,3847 167,8333 5,7987 28,9435 0,0013 2,4080
13,00 0,3837 197,0000 5,8276 33,8047 0,0009 2,4140
14,00 0,3829 228,5000 5,8507 39,0548 0,0006 2,4188
15,00 0,3823 262,3333 5,8696 44,6938 0,0004 2,4227
16,00 0,3817 298,5000 5,8851 50,7217 0,0003 2,4259
17,00 0,3813 337,0000 5,8980 57,1384 0,0002 2,4286
18,00 0,3810 377,8333 5,9088 63,9440 0,0002 2,4308
19,00 0,3806 421,0000 5,9180 71,1385 0,0001 2,4327
20,00 0,3804 466,5000 5,9259 78,7219 0,0001 2,4343
 0,378  6  0 2,449

55
Urto Obliquo Figura 1 : Diagramma 𝜽 − 𝜷 − 𝑴 (Aria)

56
57
θ β Numero di Mach della corrente a monte
1.1 1.15 1.2 1.25 1.3 1.35 1.4 1.45 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4 5 6
1° βDebole 69.80 63.16 58.55 54.88 51.81 49.17 46.84 44.77 42.91 39.68 36.96 34.63 32.60 30.81 27.80 25.36 23.34 21.62 20.16 18.89 17.77 16.79 15.92 15.13 12.18 10.23
βForte 83.57 85.98 87.04 87.65 88.05 88.34 88.55 88.71 88.84 89.03 89.16 89.26 89.34 89.40 89.49 89.55 89.59 89.62 89.65 89.67 89.69 89.70 89.71 89.72 89.75 89.77
2° βD 67.00 61.05 56.85 53.47 50.63 48.17 46.00 44.07 40.72 37.93 35.54 33.47 31.65 28.59 26.12 24.07 22.34 20.87 19.59 18.47 17.48 16.60 15.81 12.85 10.91
βF 81.17 83.86 85.21 86.06 86.64 87.08 87.41 87.67 88.05 88.33 88.53 88.68 88.80 88.97 89.10 89.18 89.25 89.30 89.34 89.37 89.40 89.42 89.44 89.50 89.53
3° βD 64.34 59.13 55.32 52.22 49.59 47.30 45.27 41.81 38.92 36.48 34.36 32.51 29.40 26.90 24.83 23.09 21.60 20.31 19.19 18.19 17.31 16.52 13.56 11.62
βF 80.03 82.55 83.95 84.89 85.56 86.08 86.48 87.07 87.48 87.78 88.01 88.19 88.46 88.64 88.77 88.87 88.95 89.01 89.06 89.10 89.13 89.16 89.25 89.30
4° βD 61.99 57.42 53.97 51.12 48.68 46.54 42.93 39.96 37.44 35.28 33.39 30.24 27.70 25.61 23.85 22.35 21.06 19.93 18.93 18.05 17.26 14.30 12.37
βF 79.39 81.65 83.03 83.99 84.70 85.26 86.06 86.62 87.03 87.34 87.58 87.94 88.18 88.36 88.49 88.59 88.68 88.74 88.79 88.84 88.88 89.00 89.06
5° βD 66.50 59.96 55.93 52.78 50.16 47.89 44.11 41.03 38.44 36.23 34.30 31.10 28.53 26.42 24.64 23.13 21.83 20.70 19.70 18.81 18.02 15.07 13.16
βF 74.63 78.97 80.99 82.31 83.26 83.99 85.03 85.75 86.26 86.66 86.97 87.41 87.72 87.94 88.11 88.24 88.34 88.42 88.49 88.55 88.59 88.74 88.82
6° βD 63.46 58.23 54.63 51.76 49.33 45.34 42.15 39.48 37.21 35.24 31.98 29.38 27.24 25.46 23.94 22.63 21.49 20.49 19.60 18.81 15.88 13.98
βF 75.37 78.66 80.49 81.73 82.66 83.97 84.85 85.48 85.97 86.34 86.88 87.26 87.52 87.73 87.88 88.00 88.10 88.18 88.25 88.31 88.49 88.59
7° βD 61.18 56.76 53.52 50.88 46.65 43.31 40.56 38.22 36.21 32.89 30.25 28.09 26.29 24.76 23.45 22.31 21.30 20.42 19.63 16.71 14.84
βF 75.72 78.41 80.07 81.25 82.86 83.92 84.69 85.26 85.70 86.35 86.78 87.10 87.34 87.52 87.66 87.78 87.87 87.95 88.02 88.23 88.35
8° βD 66.92 59.37 55.52 52.57 48.03 44.53 41.67 39.27 37.21 33.83 31.15 28.97 27.15 25.61 24.29 23.15 22.14 21.26 20.47 17.57 15.73
βF 70.02 75.89 78.20 79.71 81.69 82.97 83.86 84.53 85.05 85.80 86.31 86.67 86.94 87.15 87.32 87.45 87.56 87.65 87.73 87.98 88.10
9° βD 63.19 57.89 54.47 49.51 45.81 42.84 40.36 38.24 34.79 32.07 29.87 28.03 26.49 25.16 24.01 23.01 22.13 21.34 18.46 16.64
βF 72.19 75.98 78.00 80.45 81.96 83.01 83.79 84.39 85.24 85.82 86.24 86.55 86.78 86.97 87.12 87.25 87.35 87.44 87.71 87.86
10° βD 61.05 56.68 51.12 47.17 44.06 41.49 39.31 35.79 33.02 30.79 28.94 27.38 26.05 24.90 23.90 23.02 22.23 19.38 17.59
βF 72.99 76.00 79.10 80.91 82.13 83.02 83.70 84.67 85.32 85.79 86.14 86.41 86.62 86.79 86.93 87.04 87.14 87.45 87.61
11° βD 59.47 52.88 48.61 45.34 42.67 40.42 36.81 34.00 31.74 29.87 28.31 26.97 25.82 24.81 23.93 23.15 20.32 18.56
βF 73.44 77.61 79.78 81.20 82.22 82.99 84.09 84.82 85.34 85.73 86.03 86.26 86.45 86.60 86.73 86.84 87.18 87.36
12° βD 64.36 54.89 50.17 46.69 43.90 41.58 37.87 35.01 32.71 30.83 29.25 27.91 26.75 25.75 24.87 24.10 21.28 19.55
βF 68.79 75.90 78.56 80.22 81.38 82.26 83.48 84.30 84.88 85.31 85.64 85.90 86.11 86.28 86.42 86.53 86.91 87.11
13° βD 57.28 51.87 48.12 45.19 42.78 38.96 36.04 33.72 31.81 30.22 28.87 27.72 26.71 25.84 25.06 22.28 20.57
βF 73.82 77.21 79.16 80.50 81.49 82.86 83.77 84.41 84.88 85.24 85.53 85.75 85.94 86.09 86.22 86.64 86.85
14° βD 60.54 53.77 49.66 46.55 44.03 40.10 37.11 34.75 32.82 31.22 29.86 28.70 27.70 26.82 26.05 23.29 21.61
βF 70.89 75.67 78.02 79.57 80.68 82.22 83.22 83.92 84.44 84.84 85.15 85.40 85.60 85.77 85.91 86.36 86.59
15° βD 55.98 51.34 48.00 45.34 41.27 38.21 35.81 33.86 32.24 30.88 29.71 28.71 27.83 27.06 24.32 22.67
βF 73.84 76.76 78.56 79.83 81.54 82.65 83.42 83.99 84.42 84.76 85.03 85.25 85.43 85.59 86.07 86.33
16° βD 58.79 53.20 49.54 46.73 42.49 39.35 36.90 34.92 33.29 31.92 30.75 29.74 28.86 28.10 25.38 23.75
βF 71.43 75.32 77.46 78.92 80.84 82.06 82.91 83.53 84.00 84.36 84.66 84.89 85.09 85.26 85.78 86.06
17° βD 64.63 55.34 51.23 48.20 43.76 40.53 38.03 36.02 34.36 32.98 31.81 30.80 29.92 29.16 26.45 24.85
βF 66.00 73.62 76.25 77.94 80.10 81.45 82.37 83.05 83.56 83.95 84.27 84.53 84.74 84.92 85.49 85.78
18° βD 58.00 53.10 49.79 45.09 41.75 39.19 37.14 35.47 34.07 32.89 31.88 31.00 30.24 27.55 25.97
βF 71.42 74.86 76.86 79.31 80.80 81.82 82.55 83.10 83.53 83.88 84.15 84.38 84.57 85.19 85.50
19° βD 62.31 55.24 51.51 46.49 43.02 40.38 38.30 36.60 35.19 34.00 32.98 32.10 31.34 28.67 27.10
βF 67.58 73.21 75.66 78.46 80.12 81.24 82.03 82.63 83.10 83.47 83.77 84.01 84.22 84.88 85.21
20° βD 57.90 53.42 47.98 44.34 41.62 39.49 37.76 36.34 35.13 34.11 33.23 32.46 29.80 28.26
βF 71.06 74.27 77.55 79.40 80.63 81.50 82.15 82.65 83.05 83.37 83.63 83.85 84.56 84.92
21° βD 62.25 55.64 49.56 45.72 42.91 40.72 38.96 37.51 36.30 35.27 34.38 33.61 30.96 29.42
βF 67.22 72.59 76.55 78.63 79.98 80.93 81.64 82.18 82.61 82.96 83.24 83.48 84.23 84.62
22° βD 58.46 51.28 47.17 44.24 41.99 40.19 38.72 37.49 36.45 35.56 34.79 32.13 30.61
βF 70.33 75.42 77.80 79.30 80.34 81.11 81.69 82.16 82.53 82.83 83.09 83.89 84.30
23° βD 53.18 48.72 45.64 43.31 41.46 39.96 38.71 37.66 36.76 35.98 33.33 31.82
βF 74.12 76.90 78.57 79.71 80.55 81.18 81.68 82.08 82.41 82.68 83.54 83.98
24° βD 55.36 50.37 47.10 44.68 42.78 41.24 39.97 38.90 37.99 37.21 34.54 33.04
βF 72.56 75.89 77.78 79.04 79.96 80.65 81.19 81.62 81.97 82.26 83.18 83.65
25° βD 58.06 52.17 48.65 46.11 44.14 42.56 41.26 40.17 39.25 38.46 35.78 34.28
βF 70.48 74.75 76.91 78.32 79.33 80.08 80.66 81.13 81.51 81.82 82.80 83.30
26° βD 62.70 54.18 50.31 47.60 45.55 43.92 42.59 41.48 40.54 39.74 37.04 35.54
βF 66.48 73.40 75.96 77.54 78.65 79.48 80.11 80.61 81.02 81.36 82.41 82.95
27° βD 56.54 52.10 49.19 47.03 45.34 43.96 42.83 41.87 41.05 38.32 36.82
βF 71.72 74.87 76.69 77.92 78.83 79.52 80.07 80.51 80.87 82.00 82.57
28° βD 59.66 54.09 50.89 48.59 46.81 45.39 44.22 43.23 42.40 39.64 38.12
βF 69.29 73.59 75.73 77.13 78.13 78.89 79.49 79.97 80.36 81.57 82.18
29° βD 56.39 52.73 50.24 48.36 46.87 45.66 44.64 43.79 40.97 39.44
βF 72.01 74.63 76.24 77.37 78.21 78.86 79.39 79.81 81.12 81.77
30° βD 59.35 54.79 52.01 49.99 48.42 47.15 46.11 45.22 42.34 40.79
βF 69.78 73.33 75.24 76.53 77.47 78.19 78.76 79.23 80.64 81.34
31° βD 57.20 53.96 51.74 50.06 48.72 47.63 46.71 43.75 42.17
βF 71.68 74.07 75.58 76.64 77.45 78.09 78.60 80.14 80.89
32° βD 60.43 56.18 53.65 51.81 50.38 49.22 48.26 45.20 43.58
βF 69.21 72.64 74.48 75.72 76.63 77.34 77.91 79.59 80.40
33° βD 58.91 55.79 53.71 52.14 50.90 49.88 46.69 45.03
βF 70.71 73.15 74.65 75.71 76.51 77.15 79.00 79.88
34° βD 63.67 58.35 55.84 54.07 52.70 51.61 48.24 46.52
βF 66.74 71.41 73.35 74.63 75.57 76.30 78.36 79.33
35° βD 62.06 58.36 56.22 54.67 53.46 49.86 48.07
βF 68.52 71.67 73.33 74.47 75.32 77.66 78.72
36° βD 61.92 58.79 56.89 55.50 51.56 49.67
βF 68.96 71.62 73.11 74.16 76.87 78.06
37° βD 62.55 59.61 57.84 53.37 51.35
βF 68.73 71.28 72.70 75.98 77.32
38° βD 64.19 60.83 55.35 53.14
βF 67.57 70.60 74.93 76.48
39° βD 57.57 55.06
βF 73.63 75.50
40° βD 60.26 57.19
βF 71.87 74.32
41° βD 64.66 59.68
βF 68.40 72.77
42° βDebole 63.11
βForte 70.30

Urto Obliquo : Tabella diretta 𝜽 − 𝜷 − 𝑴

58
Urto Conico : Diagramma 𝜽 − 𝜷 − 𝑴 (Aria)

59
Flusso di Rayleigh. Tabella 3 (Aria)

ARIA  = 1.4  = 1,4

M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* T0/T0*


0,00 2,4000  0,0000 1,2679 0,0000
0,01 2,3997 4167,2500 0,0006 1,2678 0,0005
0,02 2,3987 1042,2500 0,0023 1,2675 0,0019
0,03 2,3970 463,5463 0,0052 1,2671 0,0043
0,04 2,3946 261,0000 0,0092 1,2665 0,0076
0,05 2,3916 167,2500 0,0143 1,2657 0,0119
0,06 2,3880 116,3241 0,0205 1,2647 0,0171
0,07 2,3836 85,6173 0,0278 1,2636 0,0232
0,08 2,3787 65,6875 0,0362 1,2623 0,0302
0,09 2,3731 52,0237 0,0456 1,2608 0,0381
0,10 2,3669 42,2500 0,0560 1,2591 0,0468
0,11 2,3600 35,0186 0,0674 1,2573 0,0563
0,12 2,3526 29,5185 0,0797 1,2554 0,0666
0,13 2,3445 25,2382 0,0929 1,2533 0,0777
0,14 2,3359 21,8418 0,1069 1,2510 0,0895
0,15 2,3267 19,1019 0,1218 1,2486 0,1020
0,16 2,3170 16,8594 0,1374 1,2461 0,1151
0,17 2,3067 15,0009 0,1538 1,2434 0,1289
0,18 2,2959 13,4434 0,1708 1,2406 0,1432
0,19 2,2845 12,1253 0,1884 1,2377 0,1581
0,20 2,2727 11,0000 0,2066 1,2346 0,1736
0,21 2,2604 10,0316 0,2253 1,2314 0,1894
0,22 2,2477 9,1921 0,2445 1,2281 0,2057
0,23 2,2345 8,4598 0,2641 1,2247 0,2224
0,24 2,2209 7,8171 0,2841 1,2213 0,2395
0,25 2,2069 7,2500 0,3044 1,2177 0,2568
0,26 2,1925 6,7470 0,3250 1,2140 0,2745
0,27 2,1777 6,2989 0,3457 1,2102 0,2923
0,28 2,1626 5,8980 0,3667 1,2064 0,3104
0,29 2,1472 5,5378 0,3877 1,2025 0,3285
0,30 2,1314 5,2130 0,4089 1,1985 0,3469
0,31 2,1154 4,9191 0,4300 1,1945 0,3653
0,32 2,0991 4,6523 0,4512 1,1904 0,3837
0,33 2,0825 4,4095 0,4723 1,1863 0,4021
0,34 2,0657 4,1877 0,4933 1,1822 0,4206
0,35 2,0487 3,9847 0,5141 1,1779 0,4389
0,36 2,0314 3,7984 0,5348 1,1737 0,4572
0,37 2,0140 3,6269 0,5553 1,1695 0,4754
0,38 1,9964 3,4688 0,5755 1,1652 0,4935
0,39 1,9787 3,3228 0,5955 1,1609 0,5113
0,40 1,9608 3,1875 0,6151 1,1566 0,5290
0,41 1,9428 3,0620 0,6345 1,1523 0,5465
0,42 1,9247 2,9454 0,6535 1,1480 0,5638
0,43 1,9065 2,8368 0,6721 1,1437 0,5808
0,44 1,8882 2,7355 0,6903 1,1394 0,5975
0,45 1,8699 2,6409 0,7080 1,1351 0,6139
0,46 1,8515 2,5525 0,7254 1,1308 0,6301
0,47 1,8331 2,4696 0,7423 1,1266 0,6459
0,48 1,8147 2,3918 0,7587 1,1224 0,6614
0,49 1,7962 2,3187 0,7747 1,1182 0,6765
0,50 1,7778 2,2500 0,7901 1,1141 0,6914
0,51 1,7594 2,1853 0,8051 1,1099 0,7058
0,52 1,7409 2,1243 0,8196 1,1059 0,7199
0,53 1,7226 2,0667 0,8335 1,1019 0,7336
0,54 1,7043 2,0122 0,8469 1,0979 0,7470

60
0,55 1,6860 1,9607 0,8599 1,0940 0,7599
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* T0/T0*
0,56 1,6678 1,9120 0,8723 1,0901 0,7725
0,57 1,6496 1,8658 0,8842 1,0863 0,7847
0,58 1,6316 1,8219 0,8955 1,0826 0,7965
0,59 1,6136 1,7803 0,9064 1,0789 0,8079
0,60 1,5957 1,7407 0,9167 1,0753 0,8189
0,61 1,5780 1,7031 0,9265 1,0717 0,8296
0,62 1,5603 1,6673 0,9358 1,0682 0,8398
0,63 1,5428 1,6331 0,9447 1,0648 0,8497
0,64 1,5253 1,6006 0,9530 1,0615 0,8592
0,65 1,5080 1,5695 0,9608 1,0582 0,8683
0,66 1,4908 1,5399 0,9682 1,0550 0,8771
0,67 1,4738 1,5115 0,9750 1,0519 0,8855
0,68 1,4569 1,4844 0,9814 1,0489 0,8935
0,69 1,4401 1,4585 0,9874 1,0460 0,9012
0,70 1,4235 1,4337 0,9929 1,0431 0,9085
0,71 1,4070 1,4099 0,9980 1,0403 0,9155
0,72 1,3907 1,3871 1,0026 1,0376 0,9221
0,73 1,3745 1,3652 1,0068 1,0350 0,9284
0,74 1,3585 1,3442 1,0106 1,0325 0,9344
0,75 1,3427 1,3241 1,0140 1,0301 0,9401
0,76 1,3270 1,3047 1,0171 1,0278 0,9455
0,77 1,3114 1,2861 1,0197 1,0255 0,9505
0,78 1,2961 1,2682 1,0220 1,0234 0,9553
0,79 1,2809 1,2510 1,0239 1,0213 0,9598
0,80 1,2658 1,2344 1,0255 1,0193 0,9639
0,81 1,2510 1,2184 1,0267 1,0175 0,9679
0,82 1,2362 1,2030 1,0276 1,0157 0,9715
0,83 1,2217 1,1882 1,0282 1,0140 0,9749
0,84 1,2073 1,1738 1,0285 1,0124 0,9781
0,85 1,1931 1,1600 1,0285 1,0109 0,9810
0,86 1,1791 1,1467 1,0283 1,0095 0,9836
0,87 1,1652 1,1338 1,0277 1,0082 0,9861
0,88 1,1515 1,1214 1,0269 1,0070 0,9883
0,89 1,1380 1,1094 1,0258 1,0059 0,9903
0,90 1,1246 1,0977 1,0245 1,0049 0,9921
0,91 1,1115 1,0865 1,0230 1,0039 0,9937
0,92 1,0984 1,0756 1,0212 1,0031 0,9951
0,93 1,0856 1,0651 1,0192 1,0024 0,9963
0,94 1,0728 1,0549 1,0170 1,0017 0,9973
0,95 1,0603 1,0450 1,0146 1,0012 0,9981
0,96 1,0479 1,0354 1,0121 1,0008 0,9988
0,97 1,0357 1,0262 1,0093 1,0004 0,9993
0,98 1,0236 1,0172 1,0064 1,0002 0,9997
0,99 1,0117 1,0085 1,0033 1,0000 0,9999
1,00 1,0000 1,0000 1,0000 1,0000 1,0000
1,01 0,9884 0,9918 0,9966 1,0000 0,9999
1,02 0,9770 0,9838 0,9930 1,0002 0,9997
1,03 0,9657 0,9761 0,9894 1,0004 0,9994
1,04 0,9546 0,9686 0,9855 1,0008 0,9989
1,05 0,9436 0,9613 0,9816 1,0012 0,9984
1,06 0,9327 0,9542 0,9776 1,0017 0,9977
1,07 0,9221 0,9473 0,9734 1,0024 0,9969
1,08 0,9115 0,9406 0,9691 1,0031 0,9960
1,09 0,9011 0,9340 0,9648 1,0039 0,9950
1,10 0,8909 0,9277 0,9603 1,0049 0,9939
1,11 0,8808 0,9215 0,9558 1,0059 0,9927
1,12 0,8708 0,9155 0,9512 1,0070 0,9915
1,13 0,8609 0,9096 0,9465 1,0082 0,9901

61
1,14 0,8512 0,9039 0,9417 1,0095 0,9887
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* T0/T0*
1,15 0,8417 0,8984 0,9369 1,0109 0,9872
1,16 0,8322 0,8930 0,9320 1,0124 0,9856
1,17 0,8229 0,8877 0,9270 1,0140 0,9840
1,18 0,8137 0,8826 0,9220 1,0157 0,9823
1,19 0,8047 0,8776 0,9169 1,0175 0,9805
1,20 0,7958 0,8727 0,9118 1,0194 0,9787
1,21 0,7870 0,8679 0,9067 1,0214 0,9768
1,22 0,7783 0,8633 0,9015 1,0235 0,9749
1,23 0,7697 0,8587 0,8963 1,0257 0,9729
1,24 0,7613 0,8543 0,8911 1,0279 0,9709
1,25 0,7529 0,8500 0,8858 1,0303 0,9689
1,26 0,7447 0,8458 0,8805 1,0328 0,9668
1,27 0,7366 0,8417 0,8752 1,0354 0,9646
1,28 0,7287 0,8376 0,8699 1,0380 0,9624
1,29 0,7208 0,8337 0,8645 1,0408 0,9602
1,30 0,7130 0,8299 0,8592 1,0437 0,9580
1,31 0,7054 0,8261 0,8538 1,0466 0,9557
1,32 0,6978 0,8225 0,8484 1,0497 0,9534
1,33 0,6904 0,8189 0,8430 1,0528 0,9511
1,34 0,6830 0,8154 0,8377 1,0561 0,9487
1,35 0,6758 0,8120 0,8323 1,0594 0,9464
1,36 0,6686 0,8086 0,8269 1,0629 0,9440
1,37 0,6616 0,8053 0,8215 1,0664 0,9416
1,38 0,6546 0,8021 0,8161 1,0701 0,9391
1,39 0,6478 0,7990 0,8108 1,0738 0,9367
1,40 0,6410 0,7959 0,8054 1,0777 0,9343
1,41 0,6344 0,7929 0,8000 1,0816 0,9318
1,42 0,6278 0,7900 0,7947 1,0856 0,9293
1,43 0,6213 0,7871 0,7894 1,0898 0,9268
1,44 0,6149 0,7843 0,7840 1,0940 0,9243
1,45 0,6086 0,7815 0,7787 1,0983 0,9218
1,46 0,6024 0,7788 0,7735 1,1028 0,9193
1,47 0,5962 0,7762 0,7682 1,1073 0,9168
1,48 0,5902 0,7736 0,7629 1,1120 0,9143
1,49 0,5842 0,7710 0,7577 1,1167 0,9118
1,50 0,5783 0,7685 0,7525 1,1215 0,9093
1,51 0,5725 0,7661 0,7473 1,1265 0,9068
1,52 0,5668 0,7637 0,7422 1,1315 0,9042
1,53 0,5611 0,7613 0,7370 1,1367 0,9017
1,54 0,5555 0,7590 0,7319 1,1419 0,8992
1,55 0,5500 0,7568 0,7268 1,1473 0,8967
1,56 0,5446 0,7545 0,7217 1,1527 0,8942
1,57 0,5392 0,7524 0,7167 1,1583 0,8917
1,58 0,5339 0,7502 0,7117 1,1640 0,8892
1,59 0,5287 0,7481 0,7067 1,1697 0,8867
1,60 0,5236 0,7461 0,7017 1,1756 0,8842
1,61 0,5185 0,7441 0,6968 1,1816 0,8817
1,62 0,5135 0,7421 0,6919 1,1877 0,8792
1,63 0,5085 0,7402 0,6870 1,1939 0,8768
1,64 0,5036 0,7383 0,6822 1,2002 0,8743
1,65 0,4988 0,7364 0,6774 1,2066 0,8718
1,66 0,4940 0,7345 0,6726 1,2131 0,8694
1,67 0,4894 0,7327 0,6678 1,2197 0,8670
1,68 0,4847 0,7310 0,6631 1,2264 0,8645
1,69 0,4801 0,7292 0,6584 1,2333 0,8621
1,70 0,4756 0,7275 0,6538 1,2402 0,8597
1,71 0,4712 0,7258 0,6491 1,2473 0,8573
1,72 0,4668 0,7242 0,6445 1,2545 0,8549

62
1,73 0,4624 0,7226 0,6400 1,2618 0,8526
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* T0/T0*
1,74 0,4581 0,7210 0,6355 1,2692 0,8502
1,75 0,4539 0,7194 0,6310 1,2767 0,8478
1,76 0,4497 0,7178 0,6265 1,2843 0,8455
1,77 0,4456 0,7163 0,6221 1,2920 0,8432
1,78 0,4415 0,7148 0,6176 1,2999 0,8409
1,79 0,4375 0,7134 0,6133 1,3078 0,8386
1,80 0,4335 0,7119 0,6089 1,3159 0,8363
1,81 0,4296 0,7105 0,6046 1,3241 0,8340
1,82 0,4257 0,7091 0,6004 1,3324 0,8317
1,83 0,4219 0,7078 0,5961 1,3409 0,8295
1,84 0,4181 0,7064 0,5919 1,3494 0,8273
1,85 0,4144 0,7051 0,5877 1,3581 0,8250
1,86 0,4107 0,7038 0,5836 1,3669 0,8228
1,87 0,4071 0,7025 0,5795 1,3758 0,8206
1,88 0,4035 0,7012 0,5754 1,3849 0,8185
1,89 0,3999 0,7000 0,5714 1,3940 0,8163
1,90 0,3964 0,6988 0,5673 1,4033 0,8141
1,91 0,3930 0,6975 0,5634 1,4127 0,8120
1,92 0,3895 0,6964 0,5594 1,4222 0,8099
1,93 0,3862 0,6952 0,5555 1,4319 0,8078
1,94 0,3828 0,6940 0,5516 1,4417 0,8057
1,95 0,3795 0,6929 0,5477 1,4516 0,8036
1,96 0,3763 0,6918 0,5439 1,4616 0,8015
1,97 0,3731 0,6907 0,5401 1,4718 0,7995
1,98 0,3699 0,6896 0,5364 1,4821 0,7974
1,99 0,3667 0,6885 0,5326 1,4925 0,7954
2,00 0,3636 0,6875 0,5289 1,5031 0,7934
2,01 0,3606 0,6865 0,5253 1,5138 0,7914
2,02 0,3575 0,6854 0,5216 1,5246 0,7894
2,03 0,3545 0,6844 0,5180 1,5356 0,7874
2,04 0,3516 0,6835 0,5144 1,5467 0,7855
2,05 0,3487 0,6825 0,5109 1,5579 0,7835
2,06 0,3458 0,6815 0,5074 1,5693 0,7816
2,07 0,3429 0,6806 0,5039 1,5808 0,7797
2,08 0,3401 0,6796 0,5004 1,5924 0,7778
2,09 0,3373 0,6787 0,4970 1,6042 0,7759
2,10 0,3345 0,6778 0,4936 1,6162 0,7741
2,11 0,3318 0,6769 0,4902 1,6282 0,7722
2,12 0,3291 0,6760 0,4868 1,6404 0,7704
2,13 0,3265 0,6752 0,4835 1,6528 0,7685
2,14 0,3238 0,6743 0,4802 1,6653 0,7667
2,15 0,3212 0,6735 0,4770 1,6780 0,7649
2,16 0,3186 0,6726 0,4737 1,6908 0,7631
2,17 0,3161 0,6718 0,4705 1,7037 0,7614
2,18 0,3136 0,6710 0,4673 1,7168 0,7596
2,19 0,3111 0,6702 0,4642 1,7300 0,7579
2,20 0,3086 0,6694 0,4611 1,7434 0,7561
2,21 0,3062 0,6686 0,4580 1,7570 0,7544
2,22 0,3038 0,6679 0,4549 1,7707 0,7527
2,23 0,3014 0,6671 0,4518 1,7846 0,7510
2,24 0,2991 0,6664 0,4488 1,7986 0,7493
2,25 0,2968 0,6656 0,4458 1,8128 0,7477
2,26 0,2945 0,6649 0,4428 1,8271 0,7460
2,27 0,2922 0,6642 0,4399 1,8416 0,7444
2,28 0,2899 0,6635 0,4370 1,8562 0,7428
2,29 0,2877 0,6628 0,4341 1,8710 0,7411
2,30 0,2855 0,6621 0,4312 1,8860 0,7395
2,31 0,2833 0,6614 0,4284 1,9012 0,7380

63
2,32 0,2812 0,6607 0,4256 1,9165 0,7364
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* T0/T0*
2,33 0,2791 0,6601 0,4228 1,9319 0,7348
2,34 0,2769 0,6594 0,4200 1,9476 0,7333
2,35 0,2749 0,6588 0,4172 1,9634 0,7317
2,36 0,2728 0,6581 0,4145 1,9794 0,7302
2,37 0,2708 0,6575 0,4118 1,9955 0,7287
2,38 0,2688 0,6569 0,4091 2,0119 0,7272
2,39 0,2668 0,6563 0,4065 2,0284 0,7257
2,40 0,2648 0,6557 0,4038 2,0451 0,7242
2,41 0,2628 0,6551 0,4012 2,0619 0,7227
2,42 0,2609 0,6545 0,3986 2,0789 0,7213
2,43 0,2590 0,6539 0,3961 2,0962 0,7198
2,44 0,2571 0,6533 0,3935 2,1136 0,7184
2,45 0,2552 0,6527 0,3910 2,1311 0,7170
2,46 0,2534 0,6522 0,3885 2,1489 0,7156
2,47 0,2515 0,6516 0,3860 2,1669 0,7142
2,48 0,2497 0,6511 0,3836 2,1850 0,7128
2,49 0,2479 0,6505 0,3811 2,2033 0,7114
2,50 0,2462 0,6500 0,3787 2,2218 0,7101
2,51 0,2444 0,6495 0,3763 2,2405 0,7087
2,52 0,2427 0,6489 0,3739 2,2594 0,7074
2,53 0,2409 0,6484 0,3716 2,2785 0,7060
2,54 0,2392 0,6479 0,3692 2,2978 0,7047
2,55 0,2375 0,6474 0,3669 2,3173 0,7034
2,56 0,2359 0,6469 0,3646 2,3370 0,7021
2,57 0,2342 0,6464 0,3623 2,3569 0,7008
2,58 0,2326 0,6459 0,3601 2,3770 0,6995
2,59 0,2310 0,6454 0,3578 2,3972 0,6983
2,60 0,2294 0,6450 0,3556 2,4177 0,6970
2,61 0,2278 0,6445 0,3534 2,4384 0,6957
2,62 0,2262 0,6440 0,3512 2,4593 0,6945
2,63 0,2246 0,6436 0,3491 2,4805 0,6933
2,64 0,2231 0,6431 0,3469 2,5018 0,6921
2,65 0,2216 0,6427 0,3448 2,5233 0,6908
2,66 0,2201 0,6422 0,3427 2,5451 0,6896
2,67 0,2186 0,6418 0,3406 2,5671 0,6885
2,68 0,2171 0,6413 0,3385 2,5892 0,6873
2,69 0,2156 0,6409 0,3364 2,6117 0,6861
2,70 0,2142 0,6405 0,3344 2,6343 0,6849
2,71 0,2127 0,6401 0,3324 2,6571 0,6838
2,72 0,2113 0,6397 0,3304 2,6802 0,6826
2,73 0,2099 0,6392 0,3284 2,7035 0,6815
2,74 0,2085 0,6388 0,3264 2,7270 0,6804
2,75 0,2071 0,6384 0,3244 2,7508 0,6793
2,76 0,2058 0,6380 0,3225 2,7748 0,6781
2,77 0,2044 0,6376 0,3205 2,7990 0,6770
2,78 0,2030 0,6372 0,3186 2,8235 0,6760
2,79 0,2017 0,6369 0,3167 2,8482 0,6749
2,80 0,2004 0,6365 0,3149 2,8731 0,6738
2,81 0,1991 0,6361 0,3130 2,8982 0,6727
2,82 0,1978 0,6357 0,3111 2,9237 0,6717
2,83 0,1965 0,6354 0,3093 2,9493 0,6706
2,84 0,1953 0,6350 0,3075 2,9752 0,6696
2,85 0,1940 0,6346 0,3057 3,0014 0,6685
2,86 0,1927 0,6343 0,3039 3,0278 0,6675
2,87 0,1915 0,6339 0,3021 3,0544 0,6665
2,88 0,1903 0,6336 0,3004 3,0813 0,6655
2,89 0,1891 0,6332 0,2986 3,1084 0,6645
2,90 0,1879 0,6329 0,2969 3,1359 0,6635

64
2,91 0,1867 0,6325 0,2951 3,1635 0,6625
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* T0/T0*
2,92 0,1855 0,6322 0,2934 3,1914 0,6615
2,93 0,1843 0,6319 0,2918 3,2196 0,6606
2,94 0,1832 0,6315 0,2901 3,2481 0,6596
2,95 0,1820 0,6312 0,2884 3,2768 0,6586
2,96 0,1809 0,6309 0,2868 3,3058 0,6577
2,97 0,1798 0,6306 0,2851 3,3350 0,6568
2,98 0,1787 0,6303 0,2835 3,3646 0,6558
2,99 0,1776 0,6299 0,2819 3,3944 0,6549
3,00 0,1765 0,6296 0,2803 3,4245 0,6540
3,01 0,1754 0,6293 0,2787 3,4548 0,6531
3,02 0,1743 0,6290 0,2771 3,4854 0,6522
3,03 0,1732 0,6287 0,2756 3,5164 0,6513
3,04 0,1722 0,6284 0,2740 3,5476 0,6504
3,05 0,1711 0,6281 0,2725 3,5790 0,6495
3,06 0,1701 0,6278 0,2709 3,6108 0,6486
3,07 0,1691 0,6275 0,2694 3,6429 0,6477
3,08 0,1681 0,6273 0,2679 3,6752 0,6469
3,09 0,1670 0,6270 0,2664 3,7079 0,6460
3,10 0,1660 0,6267 0,2650 3,7408 0,6452
3,11 0,1651 0,6264 0,2635 3,7741 0,6443
3,12 0,1641 0,6261 0,2620 3,8076 0,6435
3,13 0,1631 0,6259 0,2606 3,8415 0,6426
3,14 0,1621 0,6256 0,2592 3,8756 0,6418
3,15 0,1612 0,6253 0,2577 3,9101 0,6410
3,16 0,1602 0,6251 0,2563 3,9449 0,6402
3,17 0,1593 0,6248 0,2549 3,9800 0,6394
3,18 0,1583 0,6245 0,2535 4,0154 0,6386
3,19 0,1574 0,6243 0,2522 4,0511 0,6378
3,20 0,1565 0,6240 0,2508 4,0871 0,6370
3,21 0,1556 0,6238 0,2494 4,1235 0,6362
3,22 0,1547 0,6235 0,2481 4,1602 0,6354
3,23 0,1538 0,6233 0,2467 4,1972 0,6347
3,24 0,1529 0,6230 0,2454 4,2345 0,6339
3,25 0,1520 0,6228 0,2441 4,2721 0,6331
3,26 0,1511 0,6225 0,2428 4,3101 0,6324
3,27 0,1503 0,6223 0,2415 4,3485 0,6316
3,28 0,1494 0,6221 0,2402 4,3871 0,6309
3,29 0,1486 0,6218 0,2389 4,4261 0,6301
3,30 0,1477 0,6216 0,2377 4,4655 0,6294
3,31 0,1469 0,6214 0,2364 4,5052 0,6287
3,32 0,1461 0,6211 0,2352 4,5452 0,6280
3,33 0,1452 0,6209 0,2339 4,5856 0,6272
3,34 0,1444 0,6207 0,2327 4,6263 0,6265
3,35 0,1436 0,6205 0,2315 4,6674 0,6258
3,36 0,1428 0,6202 0,2303 4,7089 0,6251
3,37 0,1420 0,6200 0,2290 4,7507 0,6244
3,38 0,1412 0,6198 0,2279 4,7929 0,6237
3,39 0,1404 0,6196 0,2267 4,8354 0,6230
3,40 0,1397 0,6194 0,2255 4,8783 0,6224
3,41 0,1389 0,6192 0,2243 4,9216 0,6217
3,42 0,1381 0,6190 0,2232 4,9652 0,6210
3,43 0,1374 0,6187 0,2220 5,0092 0,6203
3,44 0,1366 0,6185 0,2209 5,0536 0,6197
3,45 0,1359 0,6183 0,2197 5,0984 0,6190
3,46 0,1351 0,6181 0,2186 5,1435 0,6184
3,47 0,1344 0,6179 0,2175 5,1891 0,6177
3,48 0,1337 0,6177 0,2164 5,2350 0,6171
3,49 0,1329 0,6175 0,2153 5,2813 0,6164

65
3,50 0,1322 0,6173 0,2142 5,3280 0,6158
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* T0/T0*
3,51 0,1315 0,6172 0,2131 5,3751 0,6152
3,52 0,1308 0,6170 0,2120 5,4226 0,6145
3,53 0,1301 0,6168 0,2110 5,4705 0,6139
3,54 0,1294 0,6166 0,2099 5,5188 0,6133
3,55 0,1287 0,6164 0,2088 5,5676 0,6127
3,56 0,1280 0,6162 0,2078 5,6167 0,6121
3,57 0,1274 0,6160 0,2068 5,6662 0,6115
3,58 0,1267 0,6158 0,2057 5,7162 0,6109
3,59 0,1260 0,6157 0,2047 5,7665 0,6103
3,60 0,1254 0,6155 0,2037 5,8173 0,6097
3,61 0,1247 0,6153 0,2027 5,8685 0,6091
3,62 0,1241 0,6151 0,2017 5,9201 0,6085
3,63 0,1234 0,6150 0,2007 5,9722 0,6080
3,64 0,1228 0,6148 0,1997 6,0247 0,6074
3,65 0,1221 0,6146 0,1987 6,0776 0,6068
3,66 0,1215 0,6144 0,1977 6,1310 0,6062
3,67 0,1209 0,6143 0,1968 6,1848 0,6057
3,68 0,1202 0,6141 0,1958 6,2390 0,6051
3,69 0,1196 0,6139 0,1949 6,2937 0,6046
3,70 0,1190 0,6138 0,1939 6,3488 0,6040
3,71 0,1184 0,6136 0,1930 6,4044 0,6035
3,72 0,1178 0,6134 0,1920 6,4605 0,6029
3,73 0,1172 0,6133 0,1911 6,5170 0,6024
3,74 0,1166 0,6131 0,1902 6,5739 0,6018
3,75 0,1160 0,6130 0,1893 6,6314 0,6013
3,76 0,1154 0,6128 0,1884 6,6893 0,6008
3,77 0,1148 0,6126 0,1875 6,7476 0,6003
3,78 0,1143 0,6125 0,1866 6,8065 0,5997
3,79 0,1137 0,6123 0,1857 6,8658 0,5992
3,80 0,1131 0,6122 0,1848 6,9256 0,5987
3,81 0,1126 0,6120 0,1839 6,9858 0,5982
3,82 0,1120 0,6119 0,1830 7,0466 0,5977
3,83 0,1114 0,6117 0,1822 7,1078 0,5972
3,84 0,1109 0,6116 0,1813 7,1696 0,5967
3,85 0,1103 0,6114 0,1805 7,2318 0,5962
3,86 0,1098 0,6113 0,1796 7,2945 0,5957
3,87 0,1093 0,6112 0,1788 7,3578 0,5952
3,88 0,1087 0,6110 0,1779 7,4215 0,5947
3,89 0,1082 0,6109 0,1771 7,4858 0,5942
3,90 0,1077 0,6107 0,1763 7,5505 0,5937
3,91 0,1071 0,6106 0,1754 7,6158 0,5933
3,92 0,1066 0,6104 0,1746 7,6816 0,5928
3,93 0,1061 0,6103 0,1738 7,7479 0,5923
3,94 0,1056 0,6102 0,1730 7,8147 0,5918
3,95 0,1051 0,6100 0,1722 7,8820 0,5914
3,96 0,1046 0,6099 0,1714 7,9499 0,5909
3,97 0,1041 0,6098 0,1706 8,0184 0,5904
3,98 0,1036 0,6096 0,1699 8,0873 0,5900
3,99 0,1031 0,6095 0,1691 8,1568 0,5895
4,00 0,1026 0,6094 0,1683 8,2268 0,5891
4,02 0,1016 0,6091 0,1668 8,3686 0,5882
4,04 0,1006 0,6089 0,1653 8,5125 0,5873
4,06 0,0997 0,6086 0,1638 8,6587 0,5864
4,08 0,0987 0,6084 0,1623 8,8072 0,5856
4,10 0,0978 0,6081 0,1609 8,9579 0,5847
4,12 0,0969 0,6079 0,1594 9,1110 0,5839
4,14 0,0960 0,6076 0,1580 9,2665 0,5831
4,16 0,0951 0,6074 0,1566 9,4243 0,5823

66
4,18 0,0943 0,6072 0,1552 9,5846 0,5814
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* T0/T0*
4,20 0,0934 0,6070 0,1539 9,7473 0,5807
4,22 0,0926 0,6067 0,1525 9,9125 0,5799
4,24 0,0917 0,6065 0,1512 10,0802 0,5791
4,26 0,0909 0,6063 0,1499 10,2504 0,5783
4,28 0,0901 0,6061 0,1486 10,4232 0,5776
4,30 0,0893 0,6059 0,1473 10,5985 0,5768
4,32 0,0885 0,6057 0,1461 10,7766 0,5761
4,34 0,0877 0,6055 0,1448 10,9572 0,5754
4,36 0,0869 0,6053 0,1436 11,1406 0,5746
4,38 0,0862 0,6051 0,1424 11,3267 0,5739
4,40 0,0854 0,6049 0,1412 11,5155 0,5732
4,42 0,0847 0,6047 0,1400 11,7072 0,5725
4,44 0,0839 0,6045 0,1388 11,9016 0,5718
4,46 0,0832 0,6043 0,1377 12,0989 0,5712
4,48 0,0825 0,6041 0,1365 12,2991 0,5705
4,50 0,0818 0,6039 0,1354 12,5023 0,5698
4,52 0,0811 0,6037 0,1343 12,7083 0,5692
4,54 0,0804 0,6035 0,1332 12,9174 0,5685
4,56 0,0797 0,6034 0,1321 13,1295 0,5679
4,58 0,0790 0,6032 0,1310 13,3446 0,5673
4,60 0,0784 0,6030 0,1300 13,5629 0,5666
4,62 0,0777 0,6029 0,1289 13,7843 0,5660
4,64 0,0771 0,6027 0,1279 14,0088 0,5654
4,66 0,0764 0,6025 0,1268 14,2365 0,5648
4,68 0,0758 0,6024 0,1258 14,4675 0,5642
4,70 0,0752 0,6022 0,1248 14,7017 0,5636
4,72 0,0746 0,6020 0,1238 14,9393 0,5630
4,74 0,0739 0,6019 0,1229 15,1802 0,5625
4,76 0,0733 0,6017 0,1219 15,4245 0,5619
4,78 0,0728 0,6016 0,1209 15,6722 0,5613
4,80 0,0722 0,6014 0,1200 15,9234 0,5608
4,82 0,0716 0,6013 0,1191 16,1780 0,5602
4,84 0,0710 0,6011 0,1181 16,4362 0,5597
4,86 0,0704 0,6010 0,1172 16,6980 0,5592
4,88 0,0699 0,6008 0,1163 16,9634 0,5586
4,90 0,0693 0,6007 0,1154 17,2325 0,5581
4,92 0,0688 0,6005 0,1145 17,5052 0,5576
4,94 0,0682 0,6004 0,1137 17,7817 0,5571
4,96 0,0677 0,6003 0,1128 18,0619 0,5566
4,98 0,0672 0,6001 0,1120 18,3460 0,5561
5,00 0,0667 0,6000 0,1111 18,6339 0,5556
5,02 0,0662 0,5999 0,1103 18,9257 0,5551
5,04 0,0656 0,5997 0,1095 19,2215 0,5546
5,06 0,0651 0,5996 0,1086 19,5212 0,5541
5,08 0,0646 0,5995 0,1078 19,8250 0,5536
5,10 0,0641 0,5994 0,1070 20,1328 0,5532
5,12 0,0637 0,5992 0,1062 20,4447 0,5527
5,14 0,0632 0,5991 0,1055 20,7608 0,5522
5,16 0,0627 0,5990 0,1047 21,0811 0,5518
5,18 0,0622 0,5989 0,1039 21,4056 0,5513
5,20 0,0618 0,5987 0,1032 21,7344 0,5509
5,22 0,0613 0,5986 0,1024 22,0675 0,5504
5,24 0,0609 0,5985 0,1017 22,4050 0,5500
5,26 0,0604 0,5984 0,1009 22,7469 0,5496
5,28 0,0600 0,5983 0,1002 23,0933 0,5491
5,30 0,0595 0,5982 0,0995 23,4442 0,5487
5,32 0,0591 0,5981 0,0988 23,7996 0,5483
5,34 0,0586 0,5979 0,0981 24,1597 0,5479

67
5,36 0,0582 0,5978 0,0974 24,5244 0,5475
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* T0/T0*
5,38 0,0578 0,5977 0,0967 24,8938 0,5471
5,40 0,0574 0,5976 0,0960 25,2679 0,5467
5,42 0,0570 0,5975 0,0953 25,6468 0,5463
5,44 0,0566 0,5974 0,0947 26,0306 0,5459
5,46 0,0562 0,5973 0,0940 26,4192 0,5455
5,48 0,0558 0,5972 0,0934 26,8128 0,5451
5,50 0,0554 0,5971 0,0927 27,2113 0,5447
5,52 0,0550 0,5970 0,0921 27,6149 0,5443
5,54 0,0546 0,5969 0,0914 28,0236 0,5440
5,56 0,0542 0,5968 0,0908 28,4374 0,5436
5,58 0,0538 0,5967 0,0902 28,8564 0,5432
5,60 0,0534 0,5966 0,0896 29,2806 0,5429
5,62 0,0531 0,5965 0,0890 29,7101 0,5425
5,64 0,0527 0,5964 0,0884 30,1450 0,5422
5,66 0,0523 0,5963 0,0878 30,5852 0,5418
5,68 0,0520 0,5962 0,0872 31,0309 0,5415
5,70 0,0516 0,5962 0,0866 31,4821 0,5411
5,72 0,0513 0,5961 0,0860 31,9388 0,5408
5,74 0,0509 0,5960 0,0855 32,4012 0,5404
5,76 0,0506 0,5959 0,0849 32,8691 0,5401
5,78 0,0502 0,5958 0,0843 33,3428 0,5398
5,80 0,0499 0,5957 0,0838 33,8223 0,5394
5,82 0,0496 0,5956 0,0832 34,3075 0,5391
5,84 0,0492 0,5956 0,0827 34,7987 0,5388
5,86 0,0489 0,5955 0,0821 35,2958 0,5385
5,88 0,0486 0,5954 0,0816 35,7988 0,5382
5,90 0,0483 0,5953 0,0811 36,3079 0,5378
5,92 0,0479 0,5952 0,0805 36,8231 0,5375
5,94 0,0476 0,5951 0,0800 37,3444 0,5372
5,96 0,0473 0,5951 0,0795 37,8720 0,5369
5,98 0,0470 0,5950 0,0790 38,4058 0,5366
6,00 0,0467 0,5949 0,0785 38,9459 0,5363
6,10 0,0452 0,5945 0,0760 41,7436 0,5349
6,20 0,0438 0,5942 0,0737 44,7084 0,5335
6,30 0,0424 0,5938 0,0714 47,8479 0,5322
6,40 0,0411 0,5935 0,0693 51,1700 0,5309
6,50 0,0399 0,5932 0,0673 54,6830 0,5297
6,60 0,0387 0,5929 0,0653 58,3953 0,5285
6,70 0,0376 0,5926 0,0634 62,3154 0,5274
6,80 0,0365 0,5923 0,0616 66,4524 0,5264
6,90 0,0355 0,5921 0,0599 70,8154 0,5254
7,00 0,0345 0,5918 0,0583 75,4138 0,5244
7,10 0,0335 0,5916 0,0567 80,2574 0,5234
7,20 0,0326 0,5914 0,0552 85,3562 0,5225
7,30 0,0317 0,5912 0,0537 90,7204 0,5217
7,40 0,0309 0,5909 0,0523 96,3605 0,5208
7,50 0,0301 0,5907 0,0509 102,2875 0,5200
7,60 0,0293 0,5905 0,0496 108,5124 0,5193
7,70 0,0286 0,5904 0,0484 115,0465 0,5185
7,80 0,0278 0,5902 0,0472 121,9017 0,5178
7,90 0,0272 0,5900 0,0460 129,0900 0,5171
8,00 0,0265 0,5898 0,0449 136,6235 0,5165
8,10 0,0258 0,5897 0,0438 144,5150 0,5158
8,20 0,0252 0,5895 0,0428 152,7774 0,5152
8,30 0,0246 0,5894 0,0418 161,4238 0,5146
8,40 0,0241 0,5892 0,0408 170,4680 0,5140
8,50 0,0235 0,5891 0,0399 179,9236 0,5135
8,60 0,0230 0,5890 0,0390 189,8050 0,5130

68
8,70 0,0224 0,5888 0,0381 200,1267 0,5124
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* T0/T0*
8,80 0,0219 0,5887 0,0373 210,9036 0,5119
8,90 0,0214 0,5886 0,0364 222,1508 0,5114
9,00 0,0210 0,5885 0,0356 233,8840 0,5110
9,10 0,0205 0,5884 0,0349 246,1189 0,5105
9,20 0,0201 0,5883 0,0341 258,8719 0,5101
9,30 0,0197 0,5882 0,0334 272,1596 0,5097
9,40 0,0192 0,5880 0,0327 285,9989 0,5092
9,50 0,0188 0,5880 0,0321 300,4072 0,5088
9,60 0,0185 0,5879 0,0314 315,4021 0,5085
9,70 0,0181 0,5878 0,0308 331,0017 0,5081
9,80 0,0177 0,5877 0,0301 347,2245 0,5077
9,90 0,0174 0,5876 0,0296 364,0891 0,5074
10,00 0,0170 0,5875 0,0290 381,6149 0,5070
11,00 0,0141 0,5868 0,0240 597,7357 0,5041
12,00 0,0118 0,5862 0,0202 904,0540 0,5018
13,00 0,0101 0,5858 0,0172 1326,6544 0,5001
14,00 0,0087 0,5855 0,0149 1896,2873 0,4986
15,00 0,0076 0,5852 0,0130 2648,7576 0,4975
16,00 0,0067 0,5850 0,0114 3625,3135 0,4966
17,00 0,0059 0,5848 0,0101 4873,0355 0,4958
18,00 0,0053 0,5846 0,0090 6445,2249 0,4952
19,00 0,0047 0,5845 0,0081 8401,7928 0,4946
20,00 0,0043 0,5844 0,0073 10809,6488 0,4942
 0 0,5833 0  0,4898

Flusso di Fanno. Tabella 4 (Aria)

ARIA  = 1.4  = 1,4

M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* 4CfL*/D


0,00   1,2  
0,01 109,5434 91,2880 1,2000 57,8738 7134,4045
0,02 54,7701 45,6454 1,1999 28,9421 1778,4499
0,03 36,5116 30,4318 1,1998 19,3005 787,0814
0,04 27,3817 22,8254 1,1996 14,4815 440,3522
0,05 21,9034 18,2620 1,1994 11,5914 280,0203
0,06 18,2508 15,2200 1,1991 9,6659 193,0311
0,07 15,6416 13,0474 1,1988 8,2915 140,6550
0,08 13,6843 11,4182 1,1985 7,2616 106,7182
0,09 12,1618 10,1512 1,1981 6,4613 83,4961
0,10 10,9435 9,1378 1,1976 5,8218 66,9216
0,11 9,9466 8,3089 1,1971 5,2992 54,6879
0,12 9,1156 7,6182 1,1966 4,8643 45,4080
0,13 8,4123 7,0339 1,1960 4,4969 38,2070
0,14 7,8093 6,5333 1,1953 4,1824 32,5113
0,15 7,2866 6,0995 1,1946 3,9103 27,9320
0,16 6,8291 5,7200 1,1939 3,6727 24,1978
0,17 6,4253 5,3853 1,1931 3,4635 21,1152
0,18 6,0662 5,0879 1,1923 3,2779 18,5427
0,19 5,7448 4,8219 1,1914 3,1123 16,3752
0,20 5,4554 4,5826 1,1905 2,9635 14,5333
0,21 5,1936 4,3661 1,1895 2,8293 12,9560
0,22 4,9554 4,1694 1,1885 2,7076 11,5961

69
0,23 4,7378 3,9899 1,1874 2,5968 10,4161
0,24 4,5383 3,8255 1,1863 2,4956 9,3865
0,25 4,3546 3,6742 1,1852 2,4027 8,4834
0,26 4,1851 3,5347 1,1840 2,3173 7,6876
0,27 4,0279 3,4056 1,1828 2,2385 6,9832
0,28 3,8820 3,2857 1,1815 2,1656 6,3572
0,29 3,7460 3,1742 1,1801 2,0979 5,7989
0,30 3,6191 3,0702 1,1788 2,0351 5,2993
0,31 3,5002 2,9729 1,1774 1,9765 4,8507
0,32 3,3887 2,8818 1,1759 1,9219 4,4467
0,33 3,2840 2,7962 1,1744 1,8707 4,0821
0,34 3,1853 2,7158 1,1729 1,8229 3,7520
0,35 3,0922 2,6400 1,1713 1,7780 3,4525
0,36 3,0042 2,5684 1,1697 1,7358 3,1801
0,37 2,9209 2,5008 1,1680 1,6961 2,9320
0,38 2,8420 2,4367 1,1663 1,6587 2,7054
0,39 2,7671 2,3760 1,1646 1,6234 2,4983
0,40 2,6958 2,3184 1,1628 1,5901 2,3085
0,41 2,6280 2,2636 1,1610 1,5587 2,1344
0,42 2,5634 2,2115 1,1591 1,5289 1,9744
0,43 2,5017 2,1619 1,1572 1,5007 1,8272
0,44 2,4428 2,1145 1,1553 1,4740 1,6915
0,45 2,3865 2,0693 1,1533 1,4487 1,5664
0,46 2,3326 2,0261 1,1513 1,4246 1,4509
0,47 2,2809 1,9847 1,1492 1,4018 1,3441
0,48 2,2313 1,9451 1,1471 1,3801 1,2453
0,49 2,1838 1,9072 1,1450 1,3595 1,1539
0,50 2,1381 1,8708 1,1429 1,3398 1,0691
0,51 2,0942 1,8359 1,1407 1,3212 0,9904
0,52 2,0519 1,8024 1,1384 1,3034 0,9174
0,53 2,0112 1,7701 1,1362 1,2865 0,8496
0,54 1,9719 1,7391 1,1339 1,2703 0,7866
0,55 1,9341 1,7092 1,1315 1,2549 0,7281
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* 4CfL*/D
0,56 1,8975 1,6805 1,1292 1,2403 0,6736
0,57 1,8623 1,6527 1,1268 1,2263 0,6229
0,58 1,8282 1,6260 1,1244 1,2130 0,5757
0,59 1,7952 1,6002 1,1219 1,2003 0,5317
0,60 1,7634 1,5753 1,1194 1,1882 0,4908
0,61 1,7325 1,5512 1,1169 1,1767 0,4527
0,62 1,7026 1,5279 1,1143 1,1656 0,4172
0,63 1,6736 1,5054 1,1117 1,1552 0,3841
0,64 1,6456 1,4836 1,1091 1,1451 0,3533
0,65 1,6183 1,4626 1,1065 1,1356 0,3246
0,66 1,5919 1,4421 1,1038 1,1265 0,2979
0,67 1,5662 1,4223 1,1011 1,1179 0,2730
0,68 1,5413 1,4032 1,0984 1,1097 0,2498
0,69 1,5170 1,3846 1,0957 1,1018 0,2282
0,70 1,4935 1,3665 1,0929 1,0944 0,2081
0,71 1,4705 1,3490 1,0901 1,0873 0,1895
0,72 1,4482 1,3320 1,0873 1,0806 0,1721
0,73 1,4265 1,3155 1,0844 1,0742 0,1561
0,74 1,4054 1,2994 1,0815 1,0681 0,1411
0,75 1,3848 1,2838 1,0787 1,0624 0,1273
0,76 1,3647 1,2686 1,0757 1,0570 0,1145
0,77 1,3451 1,2539 1,0728 1,0519 0,1026
0,78 1,3261 1,2395 1,0698 1,0471 0,0917
0,79 1,3074 1,2255 1,0668 1,0425 0,0816
0,80 1,2893 1,2119 1,0638 1,0382 0,0723
0,81 1,2715 1,1987 1,0608 1,0342 0,0638

70
0,82 1,2542 1,1858 1,0578 1,0305 0,0559
0,83 1,2373 1,1732 1,0547 1,0270 0,0488
0,84 1,2208 1,1609 1,0516 1,0237 0,0423
0,85 1,2047 1,1489 1,0485 1,0207 0,0363
0,86 1,1889 1,1373 1,0454 1,0179 0,0310
0,87 1,1734 1,1259 1,0422 1,0153 0,0261
0,88 1,1583 1,1148 1,0391 1,0129 0,0218
0,89 1,1436 1,1040 1,0359 1,0108 0,0179
0,90 1,1291 1,0934 1,0327 1,0089 0,0145
0,91 1,1150 1,0830 1,0295 1,0071 0,0115
0,92 1,1011 1,0730 1,0263 1,0056 0,0089
0,93 1,0876 1,0631 1,0230 1,0043 0,0067
0,94 1,0743 1,0535 1,0198 1,0031 0,0048
0,95 1,0613 1,0440 1,0165 1,0021 0,0033
0,96 1,0485 1,0348 1,0132 1,0014 0,0021
0,97 1,0360 1,0258 1,0099 1,0008 0,0011
0,98 1,0238 1,0170 1,0066 1,0003 0,0005
0,99 1,0118 1,0084 1,0033 1,0001 0,0001
1,00 1,0000 1,0000 1,0000 1,0000 0,0000
1,01 0,9884 0,9918 0,9967 1,0001 0,0001
1,02 0,9771 0,9837 0,9933 1,0003 0,0005
1,03 0,9660 0,9758 0,9900 1,0007 0,0010
1,04 0,9551 0,9681 0,9866 1,0013 0,0018
1,05 0,9443 0,9605 0,9832 1,0020 0,0027
1,06 0,9338 0,9531 0,9798 1,0029 0,0038
1,07 0,9235 0,9458 0,9764 1,0039 0,0051
1,08 0,9133 0,9387 0,9730 1,0051 0,0066
1,09 0,9034 0,9317 0,9696 1,0064 0,0082
1,10 0,8936 0,9249 0,9662 1,0079 0,0099
1,11 0,8840 0,9182 0,9628 1,0095 0,0118
1,12 0,8745 0,9116 0,9593 1,0113 0,0138
1,13 0,8652 0,9051 0,9559 1,0132 0,0159
1,14 0,8561 0,8988 0,9524 1,0153 0,0182
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* 4CfL*/D
1,15 0,8471 0,8926 0,9490 1,0175 0,0205
1,16 0,8383 0,8865 0,9455 1,0198 0,0230
1,17 0,8296 0,8806 0,9421 1,0222 0,0255
1,18 0,8210 0,8747 0,9386 1,0248 0,0281
1,19 0,8126 0,8690 0,9351 1,0276 0,0309
1,20 0,8044 0,8633 0,9317 1,0304 0,0336
1,21 0,7962 0,8578 0,9282 1,0334 0,0365
1,22 0,7882 0,8524 0,9247 1,0366 0,0394
1,23 0,7803 0,8470 0,9212 1,0398 0,0424
1,24 0,7726 0,8418 0,9178 1,0432 0,0455
1,25 0,7649 0,8367 0,9143 1,0468 0,0486
1,26 0,7574 0,8316 0,9108 1,0504 0,0517
1,27 0,7500 0,8266 0,9073 1,0542 0,0549
1,28 0,7427 0,8218 0,9038 1,0581 0,0582
1,29 0,7356 0,8170 0,9003 1,0621 0,0615
1,30 0,7285 0,8123 0,8969 1,0663 0,0648
1,31 0,7215 0,8076 0,8934 1,0706 0,0682
1,32 0,7147 0,8031 0,8899 1,0750 0,0716
1,33 0,7079 0,7986 0,8864 1,0796 0,0750
1,34 0,7012 0,7942 0,8829 1,0842 0,0785
1,35 0,6947 0,7899 0,8794 1,0890 0,0820
1,36 0,6882 0,7856 0,8760 1,0940 0,0855
1,37 0,6818 0,7814 0,8725 1,0990 0,0890
1,38 0,6755 0,7773 0,8690 1,1042 0,0926
1,39 0,6693 0,7733 0,8655 1,1095 0,0962
1,40 0,6632 0,7693 0,8621 1,1149 0,0997

71
1,41 0,6572 0,7654 0,8586 1,1205 0,1033
1,42 0,6512 0,7615 0,8551 1,1262 0,1069
1,43 0,6454 0,7577 0,8517 1,1320 0,1106
1,44 0,6396 0,7540 0,8482 1,1379 0,1142
1,45 0,6339 0,7503 0,8448 1,1440 0,1178
1,46 0,6282 0,7467 0,8413 1,1501 0,1215
1,47 0,6227 0,7432 0,8379 1,1565 0,1251
1,48 0,6172 0,7397 0,8344 1,1629 0,1288
1,49 0,6118 0,7362 0,8310 1,1695 0,1324
1,50 0,6065 0,7328 0,8276 1,1762 0,1361
1,51 0,6012 0,7295 0,8242 1,1830 0,1397
1,52 0,5960 0,7262 0,8207 1,1899 0,1433
1,53 0,5909 0,7229 0,8173 1,1970 0,1470
1,54 0,5858 0,7198 0,8139 1,2042 0,1506
1,55 0,5808 0,7166 0,8105 1,2116 0,1543
1,56 0,5759 0,7135 0,8071 1,2190 0,1579
1,57 0,5710 0,7105 0,8038 1,2266 0,1615
1,58 0,5662 0,7074 0,8004 1,2344 0,1651
1,59 0,5615 0,7045 0,7970 1,2422 0,1688
1,60 0,5568 0,7016 0,7937 1,2502 0,1724
1,61 0,5522 0,6987 0,7903 1,2584 0,1760
1,62 0,5476 0,6958 0,7869 1,2666 0,1795
1,63 0,5431 0,6930 0,7836 1,2750 0,1831
1,64 0,5386 0,6903 0,7803 1,2836 0,1867
1,65 0,5342 0,6876 0,7770 1,2922 0,1902
1,66 0,5299 0,6849 0,7736 1,3010 0,1938
1,67 0,5256 0,6823 0,7703 1,3100 0,1973
1,68 0,5213 0,6796 0,7670 1,3190 0,2008
1,69 0,5171 0,6771 0,7637 1,3283 0,2043
1,70 0,5130 0,6745 0,7605 1,3376 0,2078
1,71 0,5089 0,6721 0,7572 1,3471 0,2113
1,72 0,5048 0,6696 0,7539 1,3567 0,2147
1,73 0,5008 0,6672 0,7507 1,3665 0,2182
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* 4CfL*/D
1,74 0,4969 0,6648 0,7474 1,3764 0,2216
1,75 0,4929 0,6624 0,7442 1,3865 0,2250
1,76 0,4891 0,6601 0,7410 1,3967 0,2284
1,77 0,4853 0,6578 0,7377 1,4070 0,2318
1,78 0,4815 0,6555 0,7345 1,4175 0,2352
1,79 0,4778 0,6533 0,7313 1,4282 0,2385
1,80 0,4741 0,6511 0,7282 1,4390 0,2419
1,81 0,4704 0,6489 0,7250 1,4499 0,2452
1,82 0,4668 0,6467 0,7218 1,4610 0,2485
1,83 0,4632 0,6446 0,7187 1,4723 0,2518
1,84 0,4597 0,6425 0,7155 1,4836 0,2551
1,85 0,4562 0,6404 0,7124 1,4952 0,2583
1,86 0,4528 0,6384 0,7093 1,5069 0,2616
1,87 0,4494 0,6364 0,7061 1,5187 0,2648
1,88 0,4460 0,6344 0,7030 1,5308 0,2680
1,89 0,4427 0,6324 0,6999 1,5429 0,2712
1,90 0,4394 0,6305 0,6969 1,5553 0,2743
1,91 0,4361 0,6286 0,6938 1,5677 0,2775
1,92 0,4329 0,6267 0,6907 1,5804 0,2806
1,93 0,4297 0,6248 0,6877 1,5932 0,2837
1,94 0,4265 0,6230 0,6847 1,6062 0,2868
1,95 0,4234 0,6211 0,6816 1,6193 0,2899
1,96 0,4203 0,6193 0,6786 1,6326 0,2929
1,97 0,4172 0,6176 0,6756 1,6461 0,2960
1,98 0,4142 0,6158 0,6726 1,6597 0,2990
1,99 0,4112 0,6141 0,6696 1,6735 0,3020

72
2,00 0,4082 0,6124 0,6667 1,6875 0,3050
2,01 0,4053 0,6107 0,6637 1,7016 0,3080
2,02 0,4024 0,6090 0,6608 1,7160 0,3109
2,03 0,3995 0,6074 0,6578 1,7305 0,3138
2,04 0,3967 0,6057 0,6549 1,7451 0,3168
2,05 0,3939 0,6041 0,6520 1,7600 0,3197
2,06 0,3911 0,6025 0,6491 1,7750 0,3225
2,07 0,3883 0,6010 0,6462 1,7902 0,3254
2,08 0,3856 0,5994 0,6433 1,8056 0,3282
2,09 0,3829 0,5979 0,6405 1,8212 0,3310
2,10 0,3802 0,5963 0,6376 1,8369 0,3339
2,11 0,3776 0,5948 0,6348 1,8529 0,3366
2,12 0,3750 0,5934 0,6320 1,8690 0,3394
2,13 0,3724 0,5919 0,6291 1,8853 0,3422
2,14 0,3698 0,5905 0,6263 1,9018 0,3449
2,15 0,3673 0,5890 0,6235 1,9185 0,3476
2,16 0,3648 0,5876 0,6208 1,9354 0,3503
2,17 0,3623 0,5862 0,6180 1,9525 0,3530
2,18 0,3598 0,5848 0,6152 1,9698 0,3556
2,19 0,3574 0,5835 0,6125 1,9873 0,3583
2,20 0,3549 0,5821 0,6098 2,0050 0,3609
2,21 0,3525 0,5808 0,6070 2,0229 0,3635
2,22 0,3502 0,5794 0,6043 2,0409 0,3661
2,23 0,3478 0,5781 0,6016 2,0592 0,3687
2,24 0,3455 0,5768 0,5989 2,0777 0,3712
2,25 0,3432 0,5756 0,5963 2,0964 0,3738
2,26 0,3409 0,5743 0,5936 2,1153 0,3763
2,27 0,3387 0,5731 0,5910 2,1345 0,3788
2,28 0,3364 0,5718 0,5883 2,1538 0,3813
2,29 0,3342 0,5706 0,5857 2,1734 0,3838
2,30 0,3320 0,5694 0,5831 2,1931 0,3862
2,31 0,3298 0,5682 0,5805 2,2131 0,3887
2,32 0,3277 0,5670 0,5779 2,2333 0,3911
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* 4CfL*/D
2,33 0,3255 0,5658 0,5753 2,2538 0,3935
2,34 0,3234 0,5647 0,5728 2,2744 0,3959
2,35 0,3213 0,5635 0,5702 2,2953 0,3983
2,36 0,3193 0,5624 0,5677 2,3164 0,4006
2,37 0,3172 0,5613 0,5651 2,3377 0,4030
2,38 0,3152 0,5602 0,5626 2,3593 0,4053
2,39 0,3131 0,5591 0,5601 2,3811 0,4076
2,40 0,3111 0,5580 0,5576 2,4031 0,4099
2,41 0,3092 0,5569 0,5551 2,4254 0,4122
2,42 0,3072 0,5558 0,5527 2,4479 0,4144
2,43 0,3053 0,5548 0,5502 2,4706 0,4167
2,44 0,3033 0,5537 0,5478 2,4936 0,4189
2,45 0,3014 0,5527 0,5453 2,5168 0,4211
2,46 0,2995 0,5517 0,5429 2,5403 0,4233
2,47 0,2976 0,5507 0,5405 2,5640 0,4255
2,48 0,2958 0,5497 0,5381 2,5880 0,4277
2,49 0,2939 0,5487 0,5357 2,6122 0,4298
2,50 0,2921 0,5477 0,5333 2,6367 0,4320
2,51 0,2903 0,5468 0,5310 2,6615 0,4341
2,52 0,2885 0,5458 0,5286 2,6865 0,4362
2,53 0,2867 0,5448 0,5263 2,7117 0,4383
2,54 0,2850 0,5439 0,5239 2,7372 0,4404
2,55 0,2832 0,5430 0,5216 2,7630 0,4425
2,56 0,2815 0,5421 0,5193 2,7891 0,4445
2,57 0,2798 0,5411 0,5170 2,8154 0,4466
2,58 0,2781 0,5402 0,5147 2,8420 0,4486

73
2,59 0,2764 0,5393 0,5125 2,8688 0,4506
2,60 0,2747 0,5385 0,5102 2,8960 0,4526
2,61 0,2731 0,5376 0,5080 2,9234 0,4546
2,62 0,2714 0,5367 0,5057 2,9511 0,4565
2,63 0,2698 0,5359 0,5035 2,9791 0,4585
2,64 0,2682 0,5350 0,5013 3,0073 0,4604
2,65 0,2666 0,5342 0,4991 3,0359 0,4624
2,66 0,2650 0,5333 0,4969 3,0647 0,4643
2,67 0,2634 0,5325 0,4947 3,0938 0,4662
2,68 0,2619 0,5317 0,4925 3,1233 0,4681
2,69 0,2603 0,5309 0,4904 3,1530 0,4700
2,70 0,2588 0,5301 0,4882 3,1830 0,4718
2,71 0,2573 0,5293 0,4861 3,2133 0,4737
2,72 0,2558 0,5285 0,4839 3,2440 0,4755
2,73 0,2543 0,5277 0,4818 3,2749 0,4773
2,74 0,2528 0,5269 0,4797 3,3061 0,4791
2,75 0,2513 0,5262 0,4776 3,3377 0,4809
2,76 0,2498 0,5254 0,4755 3,3695 0,4827
2,77 0,2484 0,5247 0,4735 3,4017 0,4845
2,78 0,2470 0,5239 0,4714 3,4342 0,4863
2,79 0,2455 0,5232 0,4693 3,4670 0,4880
2,80 0,2441 0,5225 0,4673 3,5001 0,4898
2,81 0,2427 0,5217 0,4653 3,5336 0,4915
2,82 0,2414 0,5210 0,4632 3,5674 0,4932
2,83 0,2400 0,5203 0,4612 3,6015 0,4949
2,84 0,2386 0,5196 0,4592 3,6359 0,4966
2,85 0,2373 0,5189 0,4572 3,6707 0,4983
2,86 0,2359 0,5182 0,4552 3,7058 0,5000
2,87 0,2346 0,5175 0,4533 3,7413 0,5016
2,88 0,2333 0,5169 0,4513 3,7771 0,5033
2,89 0,2320 0,5162 0,4494 3,8133 0,5049
2,90 0,2307 0,5155 0,4474 3,8498 0,5065
2,91 0,2294 0,5149 0,4455 3,8866 0,5081
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* 4CfL*/D
2,92 0,2281 0,5142 0,4436 3,9238 0,5097
2,93 0,2268 0,5136 0,4417 3,9614 0,5113
2,94 0,2256 0,5129 0,4398 3,9993 0,5129
2,95 0,2243 0,5123 0,4379 4,0376 0,5145
2,96 0,2231 0,5116 0,4360 4,0763 0,5160
2,97 0,2218 0,5110 0,4341 4,1153 0,5176
2,98 0,2206 0,5104 0,4323 4,1547 0,5191
2,99 0,2194 0,5098 0,4304 4,1944 0,5206
3,00 0,2182 0,5092 0,4286 4,2346 0,5222
3,01 0,2170 0,5086 0,4267 4,2751 0,5237
3,02 0,2158 0,5080 0,4249 4,3160 0,5252
3,03 0,2147 0,5074 0,4231 4,3573 0,5266
3,04 0,2135 0,5068 0,4213 4,3989 0,5281
3,05 0,2124 0,5062 0,4195 4,4410 0,5296
3,06 0,2112 0,5056 0,4177 4,4835 0,5310
3,07 0,2101 0,5051 0,4159 4,5263 0,5325
3,08 0,2090 0,5045 0,4142 4,5696 0,5339
3,09 0,2078 0,5039 0,4124 4,6132 0,5354
3,10 0,2067 0,5034 0,4107 4,6573 0,5368
3,11 0,2056 0,5028 0,4089 4,7018 0,5382
3,12 0,2045 0,5023 0,4072 4,7467 0,5396
3,13 0,2034 0,5017 0,4055 4,7920 0,5410
3,14 0,2024 0,5012 0,4038 4,8377 0,5424
3,15 0,2013 0,5007 0,4021 4,8838 0,5437
3,16 0,2002 0,5001 0,4004 4,9304 0,5451
3,17 0,1992 0,4996 0,3987 4,9774 0,5464

74
3,18 0,1981 0,4991 0,3970 5,0248 0,5478
3,19 0,1971 0,4986 0,3954 5,0727 0,5491
3,20 0,1961 0,4980 0,3937 5,1210 0,5504
3,21 0,1951 0,4975 0,3921 5,1697 0,5518
3,22 0,1940 0,4970 0,3904 5,2189 0,5531
3,23 0,1930 0,4965 0,3888 5,2685 0,5544
3,24 0,1920 0,4960 0,3872 5,3186 0,5557
3,25 0,1911 0,4955 0,3855 5,3691 0,5569
3,26 0,1901 0,4951 0,3839 5,4201 0,5582
3,27 0,1891 0,4946 0,3823 5,4715 0,5595
3,28 0,1881 0,4941 0,3807 5,5234 0,5607
3,29 0,1872 0,4936 0,3792 5,5758 0,5620
3,30 0,1862 0,4931 0,3776 5,6286 0,5632
3,31 0,1853 0,4927 0,3760 5,6820 0,5645
3,32 0,1843 0,4922 0,3745 5,7358 0,5657
3,33 0,1834 0,4917 0,3729 5,7900 0,5669
3,34 0,1825 0,4913 0,3714 5,8448 0,5681
3,35 0,1815 0,4908 0,3699 5,9000 0,5693
3,36 0,1806 0,4904 0,3683 5,9558 0,5705
3,37 0,1797 0,4899 0,3668 6,0120 0,5717
3,38 0,1788 0,4895 0,3653 6,0687 0,5729
3,39 0,1779 0,4891 0,3638 6,1260 0,5740
3,40 0,1770 0,4886 0,3623 6,1837 0,5752
3,41 0,1762 0,4882 0,3608 6,2419 0,5764
3,42 0,1753 0,4878 0,3594 6,3007 0,5775
3,43 0,1744 0,4873 0,3579 6,3600 0,5786
3,44 0,1736 0,4869 0,3564 6,4198 0,5798
3,45 0,1727 0,4865 0,3550 6,4801 0,5809
3,46 0,1718 0,4861 0,3535 6,5409 0,5820
3,47 0,1710 0,4857 0,3521 6,6023 0,5831
3,48 0,1702 0,4853 0,3507 6,6642 0,5842
3,49 0,1693 0,4849 0,3492 6,7266 0,5853
3,50 0,1685 0,4845 0,3478 6,7896 0,5864
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* 4CfL*/D
3,51 0,1677 0,4841 0,3464 6,8532 0,5875
3,52 0,1669 0,4837 0,3450 6,9172 0,5886
3,53 0,1661 0,4833 0,3436 6,9819 0,5897
3,54 0,1653 0,4829 0,3422 7,0471 0,5907
3,55 0,1645 0,4825 0,3409 7,1128 0,5918
3,56 0,1637 0,4821 0,3395 7,1791 0,5928
3,57 0,1629 0,4817 0,3381 7,2460 0,5939
3,58 0,1621 0,4813 0,3368 7,3135 0,5949
3,59 0,1613 0,4810 0,3354 7,3815 0,5959
3,60 0,1606 0,4806 0,3341 7,4501 0,5970
3,61 0,1598 0,4802 0,3327 7,5193 0,5980
3,62 0,1590 0,4799 0,3314 7,5891 0,5990
3,63 0,1583 0,4795 0,3301 7,6595 0,6000
3,64 0,1575 0,4791 0,3288 7,7305 0,6010
3,65 0,1568 0,4788 0,3275 7,8020 0,6020
3,66 0,1560 0,4784 0,3262 7,8742 0,6030
3,67 0,1553 0,4781 0,3249 7,9470 0,6039
3,68 0,1546 0,4777 0,3236 8,0204 0,6049
3,69 0,1539 0,4774 0,3223 8,0944 0,6059
3,70 0,1531 0,4770 0,3210 8,1691 0,6068
3,71 0,1524 0,4767 0,3198 8,2443 0,6078
3,72 0,1517 0,4763 0,3185 8,3202 0,6087
3,73 0,1510 0,4760 0,3172 8,3968 0,6097
3,74 0,1503 0,4757 0,3160 8,4739 0,6106
3,75 0,1496 0,4753 0,3148 8,5517 0,6115
3,76 0,1489 0,4750 0,3135 8,6302 0,6125

75
3,77 0,1482 0,4747 0,3123 8,7093 0,6134
3,78 0,1475 0,4743 0,3111 8,7891 0,6143
3,79 0,1469 0,4740 0,3099 8,8695 0,6152
3,80 0,1462 0,4737 0,3086 8,9506 0,6161
3,81 0,1455 0,4734 0,3074 9,0323 0,6170
3,82 0,1449 0,4730 0,3062 9,1148 0,6179
3,83 0,1442 0,4727 0,3051 9,1979 0,6188
3,84 0,1436 0,4724 0,3039 9,2817 0,6197
3,85 0,1429 0,4721 0,3027 9,3661 0,6206
3,86 0,1423 0,4718 0,3015 9,4513 0,6214
3,87 0,1416 0,4715 0,3003 9,5372 0,6223
3,88 0,1410 0,4712 0,2992 9,6237 0,6231
3,89 0,1403 0,4709 0,2980 9,7110 0,6240
3,90 0,1397 0,4706 0,2969 9,7990 0,6248
3,91 0,1391 0,4703 0,2957 9,8877 0,6257
3,92 0,1385 0,4700 0,2946 9,9771 0,6265
3,93 0,1378 0,4697 0,2935 10,0672 0,6274
3,94 0,1372 0,4694 0,2923 10,1581 0,6282
3,95 0,1366 0,4691 0,2912 10,2496 0,6290
3,96 0,1360 0,4688 0,2901 10,3420 0,6298
3,97 0,1354 0,4686 0,2890 10,4350 0,6307
3,98 0,1348 0,4683 0,2879 10,5289 0,6315
3,99 0,1342 0,4680 0,2868 10,6234 0,6323
4,00 0,1336 0,4677 0,2857 10,7187 0,6331
4,02 0,1325 0,4672 0,2835 10,9117 0,6346
4,04 0,1313 0,4666 0,2814 11,1077 0,6362
4,06 0,1302 0,4661 0,2793 11,3068 0,6378
4,08 0,1290 0,4655 0,2772 11,5091 0,6393
4,10 0,1279 0,4650 0,2751 11,7147 0,6408
4,12 0,1268 0,4645 0,2730 11,9234 0,6423
4,14 0,1257 0,4640 0,2710 12,1354 0,6438
4,16 0,1247 0,4635 0,2690 12,3508 0,6452
4,18 0,1236 0,4630 0,2670 12,5695 0,6467
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* 4CfL*/D
4,20 0,1226 0,4625 0,2650 12,7916 0,6481
4,22 0,1215 0,4620 0,2631 13,0172 0,6495
4,24 0,1205 0,4615 0,2611 13,2463 0,6509
4,26 0,1195 0,4611 0,2592 13,4789 0,6523
4,28 0,1185 0,4606 0,2573 13,7151 0,6536
4,30 0,1175 0,4601 0,2554 13,9549 0,6550
4,32 0,1166 0,4597 0,2536 14,1984 0,6563
4,34 0,1156 0,4592 0,2517 14,4456 0,6576
4,36 0,1147 0,4588 0,2499 14,6965 0,6589
4,38 0,1137 0,4584 0,2481 14,9513 0,6602
4,40 0,1128 0,4579 0,2463 15,2099 0,6615
4,42 0,1119 0,4575 0,2445 15,4724 0,6627
4,44 0,1110 0,4571 0,2428 15,7388 0,6640
4,46 0,1101 0,4567 0,2410 16,0092 0,6652
4,48 0,1092 0,4563 0,2393 16,2837 0,6664
4,50 0,1083 0,4559 0,2376 16,5622 0,6676
4,52 0,1075 0,4555 0,2359 16,8449 0,6688
4,54 0,1066 0,4551 0,2343 17,1317 0,6700
4,56 0,1058 0,4547 0,2326 17,4228 0,6712
4,58 0,1049 0,4543 0,2310 17,7181 0,6723
4,60 0,1041 0,4539 0,2294 18,0178 0,6734
4,62 0,1033 0,4536 0,2278 18,3218 0,6746
4,64 0,1025 0,4532 0,2262 18,6303 0,6757
4,66 0,1017 0,4528 0,2246 18,9433 0,6768
4,68 0,1009 0,4525 0,2230 19,2608 0,6779
4,70 0,1001 0,4521 0,2215 19,5828 0,6790

76
4,72 0,0994 0,4517 0,2200 19,9095 0,6800
4,74 0,0986 0,4514 0,2184 20,2409 0,6811
4,76 0,0979 0,4510 0,2169 20,5770 0,6821
4,78 0,0971 0,4507 0,2155 20,9179 0,6831
4,80 0,0964 0,4504 0,2140 21,2637 0,6842
4,82 0,0956 0,4500 0,2125 21,6144 0,6852
4,84 0,0949 0,4497 0,2111 21,9700 0,6862
4,86 0,0942 0,4494 0,2096 22,3306 0,6872
4,88 0,0935 0,4491 0,2082 22,6963 0,6881
4,90 0,0928 0,4487 0,2068 23,0671 0,6891
4,92 0,0921 0,4484 0,2054 23,4431 0,6901
4,94 0,0914 0,4481 0,2041 23,8243 0,6910
4,96 0,0908 0,4478 0,2027 24,2109 0,6920
4,98 0,0901 0,4475 0,2013 24,6027 0,6929
5,00 0,0894 0,4472 0,2000 25,0000 0,6938
5,02 0,0888 0,4469 0,1987 25,4027 0,6947
5,04 0,0881 0,4466 0,1974 25,8110 0,6956
5,06 0,0875 0,4463 0,1961 26,2249 0,6965
5,08 0,0869 0,4460 0,1948 26,6444 0,6974
5,10 0,0862 0,4458 0,1935 27,0696 0,6983
5,12 0,0856 0,4455 0,1922 27,5005 0,6991
5,14 0,0850 0,4452 0,1910 27,9373 0,7000
5,16 0,0844 0,4449 0,1897 28,3800 0,7008
5,18 0,0838 0,4447 0,1885 28,8287 0,7017
5,20 0,0832 0,4444 0,1873 29,2833 0,7025
5,22 0,0826 0,4441 0,1861 29,7441 0,7033
5,24 0,0821 0,4439 0,1849 30,2109 0,7041
5,26 0,0815 0,4436 0,1837 30,6840 0,7049
5,28 0,0809 0,4433 0,1825 31,1634 0,7057
5,30 0,0803 0,4431 0,1813 31,6491 0,7065
5,32 0,0798 0,4428 0,1802 32,1411 0,7073
5,34 0,0792 0,4426 0,1790 32,6397 0,7081
5,36 0,0787 0,4423 0,1779 33,1448 0,7088
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* 4CfL*/D
5,38 0,0781 0,4421 0,1768 33,6565 0,7096
5,40 0,0776 0,4419 0,1756 34,1748 0,7104
5,42 0,0771 0,4416 0,1745 34,6999 0,7111
5,44 0,0766 0,4414 0,1734 35,2318 0,7118
5,46 0,0760 0,4412 0,1724 35,7705 0,7126
5,48 0,0755 0,4409 0,1713 36,3162 0,7133
5,50 0,0750 0,4407 0,1702 36,8690 0,7140
5,52 0,0745 0,4405 0,1692 37,4288 0,7147
5,54 0,0740 0,4402 0,1681 37,9957 0,7154
5,56 0,0735 0,4400 0,1671 38,5699 0,7161
5,58 0,0730 0,4398 0,1660 39,1513 0,7168
5,60 0,0725 0,4396 0,1650 39,7402 0,7175
5,62 0,0721 0,4394 0,1640 40,3365 0,7182
5,64 0,0716 0,4392 0,1630 40,9402 0,7188
5,66 0,0711 0,4390 0,1620 41,5516 0,7195
5,68 0,0706 0,4387 0,1610 42,1707 0,7201
5,70 0,0702 0,4385 0,1600 42,7974 0,7208
5,72 0,0697 0,4383 0,1591 43,4320 0,7214
5,74 0,0693 0,4381 0,1581 44,0745 0,7221
5,76 0,0688 0,4379 0,1572 44,7249 0,7227
5,78 0,0684 0,4377 0,1562 45,3834 0,7233
5,80 0,0679 0,4375 0,1553 46,0500 0,7240
5,82 0,0675 0,4373 0,1544 46,7248 0,7246
5,84 0,0671 0,4372 0,1534 47,4079 0,7252
5,86 0,0666 0,4370 0,1525 48,0993 0,7258
5,88 0,0662 0,4368 0,1516 48,7991 0,7264

77
5,90 0,0658 0,4366 0,1507 49,5075 0,7270
5,92 0,0654 0,4364 0,1498 50,2244 0,7276
5,94 0,0650 0,4362 0,1489 50,9501 0,7282
5,96 0,0646 0,4360 0,1481 51,6844 0,7287
5,98 0,0642 0,4359 0,1472 52,4276 0,7293
6,00 0,0638 0,4357 0,1463 53,1798 0,7299
6,10 0,0618 0,4348 0,1421 57,0772 0,7326
6,20 0,0599 0,4340 0,1381 61,2102 0,7353
6,30 0,0582 0,4332 0,1343 65,5899 0,7378
6,40 0,0565 0,4324 0,1305 70,2274 0,7402
6,50 0,0548 0,4317 0,1270 75,1343 0,7425
6,60 0,0533 0,4310 0,1236 80,3227 0,7448
6,70 0,0518 0,4304 0,1203 85,8049 0,7469
6,80 0,0503 0,4298 0,1171 91,5935 0,7489
6,90 0,0489 0,4292 0,1140 97,7017 0,7509
7,00 0,0476 0,4286 0,1111 104,1429 0,7528
7,10 0,0463 0,4280 0,1083 110,9309 0,7546
7,20 0,0451 0,4275 0,1056 118,0799 0,7564
7,30 0,0439 0,4270 0,1029 125,6046 0,7580
7,40 0,0428 0,4265 0,1004 133,5200 0,7597
7,50 0,0417 0,4260 0,0980 141,8415 0,7612
7,60 0,0407 0,4256 0,0956 150,5849 0,7627
7,70 0,0397 0,4251 0,0933 159,7665 0,7642
7,80 0,0387 0,4247 0,0911 169,4030 0,7656
7,90 0,0378 0,4243 0,0890 179,5114 0,7669
8,00 0,0369 0,4239 0,0870 190,1094 0,7682
8,10 0,0360 0,4235 0,0850 201,2148 0,7694
8,20 0,0351 0,4232 0,0831 212,8461 0,7707
8,30 0,0343 0,4228 0,0812 225,0221 0,7718
8,40 0,0335 0,4225 0,0794 237,7622 0,7729
8,50 0,0328 0,4221 0,0777 251,0862 0,7740
8,60 0,0321 0,4218 0,0760 265,0142 0,7751
8,70 0,0313 0,4215 0,0744 279,5672 0,7761
M p/p* /* T/T* p0/p0* 4CfL*/D
8,80 0,0307 0,4212 0,0728 294,7661 0,7771
8,90 0,0300 0,4209 0,0713 310,6328 0,7781
9,00 0,0293 0,4207 0,0698 327,1893 0,7790
9,10 0,0287 0,4204 0,0683 344,4584 0,7799
9,20 0,0281 0,4201 0,0669 362,4632 0,7808
9,30 0,0275 0,4199 0,0656 381,2275 0,7816
9,40 0,0270 0,4196 0,0643 400,7753 0,7824
9,50 0,0264 0,4194 0,0630 421,1314 0,7832
9,60 0,0259 0,4192 0,0618 442,3210 0,7840
9,70 0,0254 0,4190 0,0606 464,3698 0,7847
9,80 0,0249 0,4187 0,0594 487,3042 0,7854
9,90 0,0244 0,4185 0,0582 511,1510 0,7861
10,00 0,0239 0,4183 0,0571 535,9375 0,7868
11,00 0,0198 0,4166 0,0476 841,9091 0,7927
12,00 0,0167 0,4153 0,0403 1276,2149 0,7972
13,00 0,0143 0,4142 0,0345 1876,0769 0,8007
14,00 0,0123 0,4134 0,0299 2685,3839 0,8036
15,00 0,0108 0,4128 0,0261 3755,2469 0,8058
16,00 0,0095 0,4122 0,0230 5144,5547 0,8077
17,00 0,0084 0,4118 0,0204 6920,5294 0,8093
18,00 0,0075 0,4114 0,0182 9159,2822 0,8106
19,00 0,0067 0,4111 0,0164 11946,3684 0,8117
20,00 0,0061 0,4108 0,0148 15377,3437 0,8126
 0 0,4082 0  0,8215

78
Espansione supersonica. Tabella 5 (Aria)
ARIA  = 1.4  = 1,4
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M* () [°]
1,00 1,8929 1,5774 1,2000 1,0000 0,0000
1,01 1,9152 1,5907 1,2040 1,0083 0,0447
1,02 1,9379 1,6041 1,2081 1,0166 0,1257
1,03 1,9610 1,6178 1,2122 1,0248 0,2294
1,04 1,9846 1,6316 1,2163 1,0330 0,3510
1,05 2,0085 1,6457 1,2205 1,0411 0,4874
1,06 2,0330 1,6599 1,2247 1,0492 0,6367
1,07 2,0578 1,6744 1,2290 1,0573 0,7973
1,08 2,0831 1,6891 1,2333 1,0653 0,9680
1,09 2,1089 1,7040 1,2376 1,0733 1,1479
1,10 2,1351 1,7191 1,2420 1,0812 1,3362
1,11 2,1618 1,7344 1,2464 1,0891 1,5321
1,12 2,1890 1,7500 1,2509 1,0970 1,7350
1,13 2,2167 1,7658 1,2554 1,1048 1,9445
1,14 2,2449 1,7818 1,2599 1,1126 2,1600
1,15 2,2736 1,7980 1,2645 1,1203 2,3810
1,16 2,3028 1,8145 1,2691 1,1280 2,6073
1,17 2,3325 1,8312 1,2738 1,1356 2,8385
1,18 2,3628 1,8481 1,2785 1,1432 3,0743
1,19 2,3936 1,8653 1,2832 1,1508 3,3142
1,20 2,4250 1,8827 1,2880 1,1583 3,5582
1,21 2,4569 1,9004 1,2928 1,1658 3,8060
1,22 2,4894 1,9183 1,2977 1,1732 4,0572
1,23 2,5224 1,9365 1,3026 1,1806 4,3117
1,24 2,5560 1,9549 1,3075 1,1879 4,5694
1,25 2,5903 1,9736 1,3125 1,1952 4,8299
1,26 2,6251 1,9925 1,3175 1,2025 5,0931
1,27 2,6606 2,0117 1,3226 1,2097 5,3590
1,28 2,6967 2,0311 1,3277 1,2169 5,6272
1,29 2,7334 2,0508 1,3328 1,2240 5,8977
1,30 2,7707 2,0708 1,3380 1,2311 6,1703
1,31 2,8088 2,0911 1,3432 1,2382 6,4449
1,32 2,8474 2,1116 1,3485 1,2452 6,7213
1,33 2,8868 2,1324 1,3538 1,2522 6,9995
1,34 2,9269 2,1535 1,3591 1,2591 7,2794
1,35 2,9676 2,1749 1,3645 1,2660 7,5607
1,36 3,0091 2,1965 1,3699 1,2729 7,8435
1,37 3,0513 2,2185 1,3754 1,2797 8,1276
1,38 3,0942 2,2407 1,3809 1,2864 8,4130
1,39 3,1378 2,2633 1,3864 1,2932 8,6995
1,40 3,1823 2,2861 1,3920 1,2999 8,9870
1,41 3,2275 2,3093 1,3976 1,3065 9,2756
1,42 3,2734 2,3327 1,4033 1,3131 9,5650
1,43 3,3202 2,3565 1,4090 1,3197 9,8553
1,44 3,3678 2,3805 1,4147 1,3262 10,1464
1,45 3,4162 2,4049 1,4205 1,3327 10,4381
1,46 3,4654 2,4296 1,4263 1,3392 10,7305
1,47 3,5155 2,4547 1,4322 1,3456 11,0235
1,48 3,5665 2,4800 1,4381 1,3520 11,3169
1,49 3,6183 2,5057 1,4440 1,3583 11,6109
1,50 3,6710 2,5317 1,4500 1,3646 11,9052

79
1,51 3,7247 2,5581 1,4560 1,3708 12,1999
1,52 3,7792 2,5848 1,4621 1,3770 12,4949
1,53 3,8347 2,6119 1,4682 1,3832 12,7901
1,54 3,8911 2,6392 1,4743 1,3894 13,0856
1,55 3,9485 2,6670 1,4805 1,3955 13,3812
M p0/p  0/ T0/T M* () [°]
1,56 4,0068 2,6951 1,4867 1,4015 13,6770
1,57 4,0662 2,7235 1,4930 1,4075 13,9728
1,58 4,1266 2,7524 1,4993 1,4135 14,2686
1,59 4,1880 2,7816 1,5056 1,4195 14,5645
1,60 4,2504 2,8111 1,5120 1,4254 14,8604
1,61 4,3139 2,8411 1,5184 1,4313 15,1561
1,62 4,3785 2,8714 1,5249 1,4371 15,4518
1,63 4,4442 2,9021 1,5314 1,4429 15,7473
1,64 4,5110 2,9332 1,5379 1,4487 16,0427
1,65 4,5789 2,9646 1,5445 1,4544 16,3379
1,66 4,6479 2,9965 1,5511 1,4601 16,6328
1,67 4,7181 3,0288 1,5578 1,4657 16,9276
1,68 4,7896 3,0614 1,5645 1,4713 17,2220
1,69 4,8622 3,0945 1,5712 1,4769 17,5161
1,70 4,9360 3,1280 1,5780 1,4825 17,8099
1,71 5,0111 3,1619 1,5848 1,4880 18,1034
1,72 5,0874 3,1962 1,5917 1,4935 18,3964
1,73 5,1650 3,2310 1,5986 1,4989 18,6891
1,74 5,2439 3,2662 1,6055 1,5043 18,9814
1,75 5,3241 3,3018 1,6125 1,5097 19,2732
1,76 5,4057 3,3378 1,6195 1,5150 19,5646
1,77 5,4886 3,3743 1,6266 1,5203 19,8554
1,78 5,5729 3,4113 1,6337 1,5256 20,1458
1,79 5,6587 3,4487 1,6408 1,5308 20,4357
1,80 5,7458 3,4865 1,6480 1,5360 20,7251
1,81 5,8344 3,5248 1,6552 1,5411 21,0139
1,82 5,9244 3,5636 1,6625 1,5463 21,3021
1,83 6,0160 3,6029 1,6698 1,5514 21,5898
1,84 6,1091 3,6426 1,6771 1,5564 21,8768
1,85 6,2037 3,6828 1,6845 1,5614 22,1633
1,86 6,2998 3,7235 1,6919 1,5664 22,4492
1,87 6,3976 3,7647 1,6994 1,5714 22,7344
1,88 6,4970 3,8063 1,7069 1,5763 23,0190
1,89 6,5980 3,8485 1,7144 1,5812 23,3029
1,90 6,7006 3,8912 1,7220 1,5861 23,5861
1,91 6,8050 3,9344 1,7296 1,5909 23,8687
1,92 6,9111 3,9781 1,7373 1,5957 24,1506
1,93 7,0189 4,0223 1,7450 1,6005 24,4318
1,94 7,1284 4,0671 1,7527 1,6052 24,7123
1,95 7,2398 4,1124 1,7605 1,6099 24,9920
1,96 7,3530 4,1582 1,7683 1,6146 25,2711
1,97 7,4680 4,2045 1,7762 1,6192 25,5494
1,98 7,5849 4,2514 1,7841 1,6239 25,8269
1,99 7,7037 4,2989 1,7920 1,6284 26,1037
2,00 7,8244 4,3469 1,8000 1,6330 26,3798
2,01 7,9471 4,3955 1,8080 1,6375 26,6550
2,02 8,0718 4,4446 1,8161 1,6420 26,9295
2,03 8,1985 4,4944 1,8242 1,6465 27,2033
2,04 8,3273 4,5447 1,8323 1,6509 27,4762
2,05 8,4581 4,5956 1,8405 1,6553 27,7484
2,06 8,5911 4,6471 1,8487 1,6597 28,0197
2,07 8,7262 4,6991 1,8570 1,6640 28,2903
2,08 8,8635 4,7518 1,8653 1,6683 28,5600
2,09 9,0030 4,8051 1,8736 1,6726 28,8290

80
2,10 9,1447 4,8590 1,8820 1,6769 29,0971
2,11 9,2887 4,9136 1,8904 1,6811 29,3644
2,12 9,4350 4,9687 1,8989 1,6853 29,6308
2,13 9,5836 5,0245 1,9074 1,6895 29,8965
2,14 9,7347 5,0809 1,9159 1,6936 30,1613
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M* () [°]
2,15 9,8881 5,1380 1,9245 1,6977 30,4253
2,16 10,0440 5,1957 1,9331 1,7018 30,6884
2,17 10,2023 5,2541 1,9418 1,7059 30,9507
2,18 10,3632 5,3132 1,9505 1,7099 31,2121
2,19 10,5267 5,3729 1,9592 1,7139 31,4727
2,20 10,6927 5,4333 1,9680 1,7179 31,7325
2,21 10,8614 5,4944 1,9768 1,7219 31,9914
2,22 11,0327 5,5561 1,9857 1,7258 32,2494
2,23 11,2068 5,6186 1,9946 1,7297 32,5066
2,24 11,3836 5,6818 2,0035 1,7336 32,7629
2,25 11,5631 5,7457 2,0125 1,7374 33,0184
2,26 11,7455 5,8103 2,0215 1,7412 33,2730
2,27 11,9308 5,8756 2,0306 1,7450 33,5268
2,28 12,1190 5,9416 2,0397 1,7488 33,7796
2,29 12,3101 6,0084 2,0488 1,7526 34,0316
2,30 12,5043 6,0759 2,0580 1,7563 34,2828
2,31 12,7015 6,1442 2,0672 1,7600 34,5331
2,32 12,9017 6,2133 2,0765 1,7637 34,7825
2,33 13,1051 6,2831 2,0858 1,7673 35,0310
2,34 13,3116 6,3536 2,0951 1,7709 35,2787
2,35 13,5214 6,4250 2,1045 1,7745 35,5255
2,36 13,7344 6,4971 2,1139 1,7781 35,7715
2,37 13,9507 6,5701 2,1234 1,7817 36,0165
2,38 14,1704 6,6438 2,1329 1,7852 36,2607
2,39 14,3935 6,7183 2,1424 1,7887 36,5041
2,40 14,6200 6,7937 2,1520 1,7922 36,7465
2,41 14,8500 6,8699 2,1616 1,7956 36,9881
2,42 15,0836 6,9469 2,1713 1,7991 37,2289
2,43 15,3208 7,0247 2,1810 1,8025 37,4687
2,44 15,5616 7,1034 2,1907 1,8059 37,7077
2,45 15,8061 7,1830 2,2005 1,8092 37,9459
2,46 16,0544 7,2634 2,2103 1,8126 38,1831
2,47 16,3064 7,3446 2,2202 1,8159 38,4195
2,48 16,5623 7,4268 2,2301 1,8192 38,6551
2,49 16,8222 7,5098 2,2400 1,8225 38,8897
2,50 17,0859 7,5937 2,2500 1,8257 39,1236
2,51 17,3537 7,6786 2,2600 1,8290 39,3565
2,52 17,6256 7,7643 2,2701 1,8322 39,5886
2,53 17,9016 7,8510 2,2802 1,8354 39,8199
2,54 18,1818 7,9385 2,2903 1,8386 40,0503
2,55 18,4662 8,0270 2,3005 1,8417 40,2798
2,56 18,7549 8,1165 2,3107 1,8448 40,5085
2,57 19,0480 8,2069 2,3210 1,8479 40,7363
2,58 19,3455 8,2982 2,3313 1,8510 40,9633
2,59 19,6475 8,3906 2,3416 1,8541 41,1894
2,60 19,9540 8,4839 2,3520 1,8571 41,4147
2,61 20,2652 8,5781 2,3624 1,8602 41,6392
2,62 20,5809 8,6734 2,3729 1,8632 41,8628
2,63 20,9015 8,7697 2,3834 1,8662 42,0855
2,64 21,2268 8,8669 2,3939 1,8691 42,3074
2,65 21,5569 8,9652 2,4045 1,8721 42,5285
2,66 21,8920 9,0646 2,4151 1,8750 42,7488
2,67 22,2321 9,1649 2,4258 1,8779 42,9682
2,68 22,5772 9,2663 2,4365 1,8808 43,1868

81
2,69 22,9274 9,3688 2,4472 1,8837 43,4045
2,70 23,2829 9,4723 2,4580 1,8865 43,6215
2,71 23,6436 9,5769 2,4688 1,8894 43,8376
2,72 24,0096 9,6825 2,4797 1,8922 44,0529
2,73 24,3810 9,7893 2,4906 1,8950 44,2673
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M* () [°]
2,74 24,7579 9,8971 2,5015 1,8978 44,4810
2,75 25,1403 10,0061 2,5125 1,9005 44,6938
2,76 25,5284 10,1162 2,5235 1,9033 44,9059
2,77 25,9221 10,2274 2,5346 1,9060 45,1171
2,78 26,3217 10,3397 2,5457 1,9087 45,3275
2,79 26,7270 10,4532 2,5568 1,9114 45,5371
2,80 27,1383 10,5679 2,5680 1,9140 45,7459
2,81 27,5556 10,6837 2,5792 1,9167 45,9539
2,82 27,9789 10,8007 2,5905 1,9193 46,1611
2,83 28,4084 10,9188 2,6018 1,9219 46,3675
2,84 28,8441 11,0382 2,6131 1,9246 46,5731
2,85 29,2862 11,1588 2,6245 1,9271 46,7779
2,86 29,7346 11,2806 2,6359 1,9297 46,9820
2,87 30,1896 11,4036 2,6474 1,9323 47,1852
2,88 30,6511 11,5278 2,6589 1,9348 47,3877
2,89 31,1192 11,6533 2,6704 1,9373 47,5894
2,90 31,5941 11,7800 2,6820 1,9398 47,7903
2,91 32,0758 11,9081 2,6936 1,9423 47,9905
2,92 32,5644 12,0373 2,7053 1,9448 48,1898
2,93 33,0600 12,1679 2,7170 1,9472 48,3884
2,94 33,5627 12,2998 2,7287 1,9497 48,5863
2,95 34,0725 12,4330 2,7405 1,9521 48,7833
2,96 34,5897 12,5675 2,7523 1,9545 48,9796
2,97 35,1141 12,7033 2,7642 1,9569 49,1752
2,98 35,6461 12,8404 2,7761 1,9593 49,3700
2,99 36,1856 12,9790 2,7880 1,9616 49,5640
3,00 36,7327 13,1188 2,8000 1,9640 49,7573
3,01 37,2876 13,2601 2,8120 1,9663 49,9499
3,02 37,8503 13,4027 2,8241 1,9686 50,1417
3,03 38,4210 13,5467 2,8362 1,9709 50,3328
3,04 38,9997 13,6922 2,8483 1,9732 50,5231
3,05 39,5865 13,8390 2,8605 1,9755 50,7127
3,06 40,1815 13,9873 2,8727 1,9777 50,9016
3,07 40,7849 14,1370 2,8850 1,9800 51,0897
3,08 41,3968 14,2882 2,8973 1,9822 51,2771
3,09 42,0172 14,4408 2,9096 1,9844 51,4638
3,10 42,6462 14,5949 2,9220 1,9866 51,6497
3,11 43,2841 14,7505 2,9344 1,9888 51,8350
3,12 43,9307 14,9075 2,9469 1,9910 52,0195
3,13 44,5864 15,0661 2,9594 1,9931 52,2033
3,14 45,2512 15,2262 2,9719 1,9953 52,3864
3,15 45,9251 15,3879 2,9845 1,9974 52,5688
3,16 46,6084 15,5511 2,9971 1,9995 52,7505
3,17 47,3011 15,7158 3,0098 2,0016 52,9315
3,18 48,0034 15,8821 3,0225 2,0037 53,1118
3,19 48,7153 16,0500 3,0352 2,0058 53,2914
3,20 49,4370 16,2195 3,0480 2,0079 53,4703
3,21 50,1686 16,3906 3,0608 2,0099 53,6486
3,22 50,9103 16,5633 3,0737 2,0119 53,8261
3,23 51,6620 16,7376 3,0866 2,0140 54,0029
3,24 52,4240 16,9136 3,0995 2,0160 54,1791
3,25 53,1965 17,0912 3,1125 2,0180 54,3546
3,26 53,9794 17,2705 3,1255 2,0200 54,5294
3,27 54,7730 17,4515 3,1386 2,0220 54,7036

82
3,28 55,5773 17,6342 3,1517 2,0239 54,8770
3,29 56,3925 17,8186 3,1648 2,0259 55,0498
3,30 57,2188 18,0047 3,1780 2,0278 55,2220
3,31 58,0562 18,1925 3,1912 2,0297 55,3935
3,32 58,9049 18,3820 3,2045 2,0317 55,5643
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M* () [°]
3,33 59,7650 18,5734 3,2178 2,0336 55,7344
3,34 60,6367 18,7665 3,2311 2,0355 55,9040
3,35 61,5201 18,9614 3,2445 2,0373 56,0728
3,36 62,4154 19,1580 3,2579 2,0392 56,2411
3,37 63,3226 19,3565 3,2714 2,0411 56,4086
3,38 64,2419 19,5568 3,2849 2,0429 56,5756
3,39 65,1735 19,7590 3,2984 2,0447 56,7419
3,40 66,1175 19,9630 3,3120 2,0466 56,9075
3,41 67,0740 20,1689 3,3256 2,0484 57,0725
3,42 68,0432 20,3766 3,3393 2,0502 57,2369
3,43 69,0253 20,5863 3,3530 2,0520 57,4007
3,44 70,0204 20,7978 3,3667 2,0537 57,5639
3,45 71,0286 21,0113 3,3805 2,0555 57,7264
3,46 72,0501 21,2267 3,3943 2,0573 57,8883
3,47 73,0851 21,4440 3,4082 2,0590 58,0496
3,48 74,1337 21,6633 3,4221 2,0607 58,2102
3,49 75,1960 21,8846 3,4360 2,0625 58,3703
3,50 76,2723 22,1079 3,4500 2,0642 58,5298
3,51 77,3627 22,3332 3,4640 2,0659 58,6886
3,52 78,4673 22,5605 3,4781 2,0676 58,8469
3,53 79,5863 22,7899 3,4922 2,0693 59,0045
3,54 80,7199 23,0212 3,5063 2,0709 59,1616
3,55 81,8682 23,2547 3,5205 2,0726 59,3180
3,56 83,0314 23,4902 3,5347 2,0743 59,4739
3,57 84,2098 23,7279 3,5490 2,0759 59,6291
3,58 85,4033 23,9676 3,5633 2,0775 59,7838
3,59 86,6123 24,2095 3,5776 2,0792 59,9379
3,60 87,8369 24,4535 3,5920 2,0808 60,0915
3,61 89,0773 24,6996 3,6064 2,0824 60,2444
3,62 90,3336 24,9480 3,6209 2,0840 60,3968
3,63 91,6061 25,1985 3,6354 2,0856 60,5486
3,64 92,8949 25,4512 3,6499 2,0871 60,6998
3,65 94,2001 25,7061 3,6645 2,0887 60,8504
3,66 95,5221 25,9633 3,6791 2,0903 61,0005
3,67 96,8609 26,2227 3,6938 2,0918 61,1501
3,68 98,2168 26,4844 3,7085 2,0933 61,2990
3,69 99,5899 26,7483 3,7232 2,0949 61,4474
3,70 100,9805 27,0146 3,7380 2,0964 61,5953
3,71 102,3887 27,2831 3,7528 2,0979 61,7426
3,72 103,8147 27,5540 3,7677 2,0994 61,8893
3,73 105,2588 27,8273 3,7826 2,1009 62,0355
3,74 106,7211 28,1028 3,7975 2,1024 62,1812
3,75 108,2018 28,3808 3,8125 2,1039 62,3263
3,76 109,7011 28,6612 3,8275 2,1053 62,4709
3,77 111,2193 28,9439 3,8426 2,1068 62,6149
3,78 112,7565 29,2291 3,8577 2,1082 62,7584
3,79 114,3130 29,5167 3,8728 2,1097 62,9014
3,80 115,8889 29,8068 3,8880 2,1111 63,0438
3,81 117,4845 30,0994 3,9032 2,1125 63,1857
3,82 119,1000 30,3944 3,9185 2,1140 63,3271
3,83 120,7356 30,6920 3,9338 2,1154 63,4679
3,84 122,3915 30,9921 3,9491 2,1168 63,6083
3,85 124,0679 31,2947 3,9645 2,1182 63,7481
3,86 125,7651 31,5999 3,9799 2,1195 63,8874

83
3,87 127,4833 31,9077 3,9954 2,1209 64,0262
3,88 129,2227 32,2180 4,0109 2,1223 64,1645
3,89 130,9836 32,5310 4,0264 2,1236 64,3023
3,90 132,7661 32,8466 4,0420 2,1250 64,4395
3,91 134,5705 33,1649 4,0576 2,1263 64,5763
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M* () [°]
3,92 136,3970 33,4858 4,0733 2,1277 64,7125
3,93 138,2460 33,8094 4,0890 2,1290 64,8483
3,94 140,1175 34,1357 4,1047 2,1303 64,9836
3,95 142,0119 34,4647 4,1205 2,1316 65,1183
3,96 143,9294 34,7965 4,1363 2,1329 65,2526
3,97 145,8702 35,1310 4,1522 2,1342 65,3864
3,98 147,8346 35,4683 4,1681 2,1355 65,5197
3,99 149,8229 35,8084 4,1840 2,1368 65,6525
4,00 151,8352 36,1512 4,2000 2,1381 65,7848
4,02 155,9332 36,8455 4,2321 2,1406 66,0480
4,04 160,1306 37,5513 4,2643 2,1431 66,3093
4,06 164,4295 38,2686 4,2967 2,1456 66,5688
4,08 168,8320 38,9977 4,3293 2,1480 66,8263
4,10 173,3404 39,7387 4,3620 2,1505 67,0820
4,12 177,9568 40,4918 4,3949 2,1529 67,3359
4,14 182,6834 41,2572 4,4279 2,1552 67,5879
4,16 187,5226 42,0349 4,4611 2,1576 67,8381
4,18 192,4767 42,8251 4,4945 2,1599 68,0866
4,20 197,5479 43,6281 4,5280 2,1622 68,3332
4,22 202,7388 44,4439 4,5617 2,1644 68,5782
4,24 208,0517 45,2727 4,5955 2,1667 68,8213
4,26 213,4892 46,1148 4,6295 2,1689 69,0628
4,28 219,0537 46,9701 4,6637 2,1711 69,3026
4,30 224,7478 47,8390 4,6980 2,1732 69,5406
4,32 230,5742 48,7216 4,7325 2,1754 69,7770
4,34 236,5355 49,6181 4,7671 2,1775 70,0118
4,36 242,6343 50,5286 4,8019 2,1796 70,2449
4,38 248,8735 51,4533 4,8369 2,1816 70,4763
4,40 255,2557 52,3924 4,8720 2,1837 70,7062
4,42 261,7839 53,3460 4,9073 2,1857 70,9344
4,44 268,4609 54,3144 4,9427 2,1877 71,1611
4,46 275,2896 55,2977 4,9783 2,1897 71,3862
4,48 282,2730 56,2961 5,0141 2,1917 71,6097
4,50 289,4142 57,3097 5,0500 2,1936 71,8317
4,52 296,7161 58,3389 5,0861 2,1955 72,0522
4,54 304,1820 59,3836 5,1223 2,1974 72,2712
4,56 311,8149 60,4442 5,1587 2,1993 72,4887
4,58 319,6181 61,5209 5,1953 2,2012 72,7046
4,60 327,5949 62,6137 5,2320 2,2030 72,9192
4,62 335,7485 63,7229 5,2689 2,2048 73,1322
4,64 344,0824 64,8488 5,3059 2,2066 73,3438
4,66 352,6000 65,9914 5,3431 2,2084 73,5540
4,68 361,3047 67,1510 5,3805 2,2102 73,7628
4,70 370,2001 68,3278 5,4180 2,2119 73,9701
4,72 379,2898 69,5220 5,4557 2,2136 74,1761
4,74 388,5774 70,7338 5,4935 2,2154 74,3807
4,76 398,0666 71,9633 5,5315 2,2170 74,5839
4,78 407,7612 73,2109 5,5697 2,2187 74,7858
4,80 417,6649 74,4766 5,6080 2,2204 74,9863
4,82 427,7818 75,7608 5,6465 2,2220 75,1855
4,84 438,1156 77,0636 5,6851 2,2236 75,3833
4,86 448,6704 78,3852 5,7239 2,2253 75,5799
4,88 459,4503 79,7258 5,7629 2,2268 75,7752
4,90 470,4593 81,0857 5,8020 2,2284 75,9691

84
4,92 481,7016 82,4651 5,8413 2,2300 76,1619
4,94 493,1815 83,8641 5,8807 2,2315 76,3533
4,96 504,9032 85,2831 5,9203 2,2331 76,5435
4,98 516,8712 86,7222 5,9601 2,2346 76,7325
5,00 529,0898 88,1816 6,0000 2,2361 76,9202
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M* () [°]
5,02 541,5635 89,6617 6,0401 2,2376 77,1067
5,04 554,2970 91,1625 6,0803 2,2390 77,2921
5,06 567,2948 92,6843 6,1207 2,2405 77,4762
5,08 580,5616 94,2274 6,1613 2,2419 77,6591
5,10 594,1022 95,7920 6,2020 2,2433 77,8409
5,12 607,9214 97,3784 6,2429 2,2448 78,0215
5,14 622,0242 98,9866 6,2839 2,2461 78,2009
5,16 636,4154 100,6171 6,3251 2,2475 78,3792
5,18 651,1002 102,2700 6,3665 2,2489 78,5564
5,20 666,0836 103,9456 6,4080 2,2503 78,7324
5,22 681,3709 105,6441 6,4497 2,2516 78,9074
5,24 696,9673 107,3658 6,4915 2,2529 79,0812
5,26 712,8781 109,1109 6,5335 2,2543 79,2539
5,28 729,1088 110,8796 6,5757 2,2556 79,4256
5,30 745,6648 112,6722 6,6180 2,2569 79,5962
5,32 762,5518 114,4890 6,6605 2,2581 79,7657
5,34 779,7753 116,3302 6,7031 2,2594 79,9341
5,36 797,3411 118,1961 6,7459 2,2607 80,1015
5,38 815,2550 120,0868 6,7889 2,2619 80,2679
5,40 833,5228 122,0028 6,8320 2,2631 80,4332
5,42 852,1506 123,9441 6,8753 2,2644 80,5976
5,44 871,1444 125,9112 6,9187 2,2656 80,7609
5,46 890,5103 127,9042 6,9623 2,2668 80,9232
5,48 910,2545 129,9235 7,0061 2,2680 81,0845
5,50 930,3833 131,9693 7,0500 2,2691 81,2448
5,52 950,9031 134,0418 7,0941 2,2703 81,4041
5,54 971,8205 136,1413 7,1383 2,2714 81,5625
5,56 993,1418 138,2682 7,1827 2,2726 81,7199
5,58 1014,8739 140,4227 7,2273 2,2737 81,8764
5,60 1037,0234 142,6050 7,2720 2,2748 82,0319
5,62 1059,5971 144,8154 7,3169 2,2760 82,1865
5,64 1082,6020 147,0543 7,3619 2,2771 82,3401
5,66 1106,0451 149,3219 7,4071 2,2782 82,4929
5,68 1129,9335 151,6184 7,4525 2,2792 82,6447
5,70 1154,2743 153,9443 7,4980 2,2803 82,7956
5,72 1179,0749 156,2997 7,5437 2,2814 82,9456
5,74 1204,3427 158,6850 7,5895 2,2824 83,0947
5,76 1230,0851 161,1004 7,6355 2,2835 83,2430
5,78 1256,3098 163,5462 7,6817 2,2845 83,3903
5,80 1283,0243 166,0228 7,7280 2,2855 83,5368
5,82 1310,2366 168,5304 7,7745 2,2865 83,6824
5,84 1337,9544 171,0694 7,8211 2,2875 83,8272
5,86 1366,1858 173,6400 7,8679 2,2885 83,9711
5,88 1394,9389 176,2426 7,9149 2,2895 84,1142
5,90 1424,2217 178,8774 7,9620 2,2905 84,2565
5,92 1454,0427 181,5447 8,0093 2,2915 84,3979
5,94 1484,4103 184,2450 8,0567 2,2924 84,5385
5,96 1515,3328 186,9784 8,1043 2,2934 84,6783
5,98 1546,8191 189,7453 8,1521 2,2943 84,8173
6,00 1578,8777 192,5461 8,2000 2,2953 84,9555
6,10 1748,0696 207,0682 8,4420 2,2998 85,6347
6,20 1932,9443 222,4844 8,6880 2,3042 86,2948
6,30 2134,7215 238,8366 8,9380 2,3084 86,9366
6,40 2354,6971 256,1681 9,1920 2,3124 87,5608

85
6,50 2594,2470 274,5235 9,4500 2,3163 88,1682
6,60 2854,8307 293,9488 9,7120 2,3200 88,7592
6,70 3137,9950 314,4914 9,9780 2,3235 89,3346
6,80 3445,3783 336,2001 10,2480 2,3269 89,8950
6,90 3778,7142 359,1251 10,5220 2,3302 90,4408
M p0/p 0/ T0/T M* () [°]
7,00 4139,8361 383,3182 10,8000 2,3333 90,9727
7,10 4530,6813 408,8325 11,0820 2,3364 91,4912
7,20 4953,2954 435,7227 11,3680 2,3393 91,9966
7,30 5409,8370 464,0450 11,6580 2,3421 92,4896
7,40 5902,5822 493,8573 11,9520 2,3448 92,9704
7,50 6433,9297 525,2187 12,2500 2,3474 93,4397
7,60 7006,4053 558,1904 12,5520 2,3499 93,8977
7,70 7622,6675 592,8346 12,8580 2,3523 94,3448
7,80 8285,5122 629,2157 13,1680 2,3546 94,7814
7,90 8997,8786 667,3994 13,4820 2,3569 95,2080
8,00 9762,8542 707,4532 13,8000 2,3591 95,6247
8,10 10583,6806 749,4463 14,1220 2,3612 96,0319
8,20 11463,7595 793,4496 14,4480 2,3632 96,4300
8,30 12406,6582 839,5357 14,7780 2,3652 96,8192
8,40 13416,1161 887,7790 15,1120 2,3671 97,1999
8,50 14496,0505 938,2557 15,4500 2,3689 97,5722
8,60 15650,5633 991,0438 15,7920 2,3707 97,9365
8,70 16883,9473 1046,2230 16,1380 2,3724 98,2930
8,80 18200,6931 1103,8751 16,4880 2,3740 98,6419
8,90 19605,4954 1164,0836 16,8420 2,3757 98,9836
9,00 21103,2607 1226,9338 17,2000 2,3772 99,3181
9,10 22699,1139 1292,5130 17,5620 2,3787 99,6457
9,20 24398,4059 1360,9106 17,9280 2,3802 99,9667
9,30 26206,7208 1432,2178 18,2980 2,3816 100,2812
9,40 28129,8836 1506,5276 18,6720 2,3830 100,5894
9,50 30173,9683 1583,9353 19,0500 2,3843 100,8915
9,60 32345,3054 1664,5382 19,4320 2,3856 101,1876
9,70 34650,4903 1748,4353 19,8180 2,3869 101,4780
9,80 37096,3915 1835,7280 20,2080 2,3881 101,7628
9,90 39690,1591 1926,5197 20,6020 2,3893 102,0422
10,00 42439,2335 2020,9159 21,0000 2,3905 102,3163
11,00 80334,4626 3187,8755 25,2000 2,4004 104,7957
12,00 144463,0981 4847,7550 29,8000 2,4080 106,8786
13,00 248615,0148 7144,1096 34,8000 2,4140 108,6522
14,00 411899,4251 10246,2544 40,2000 2,4188 110,1798
15,00 660164,8712 14351,4102 46,0000 2,4227 111,5091
16,00 1027653,6297 19686,8511 52,2000 2,4259 112,6759
17,00 1558908,5582 26512,0503 58,8000 2,4286 113,7082
18,00 2310950,4178 35120,8270 65,8000 2,4308 114,6278
19,00 3355743,7014 45843,4932 73,2000 2,4327 115,4522
20,00 4782969,0000 59049,0000 81,0000 2,4343 116,1953
    2,449 130,5

86
Tabella Periodica degli elementi

87
Appendici
• Altre unità di misura

o Energia

1 𝐵𝑇𝑈 = 0.252 𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 1055 𝐽


1 𝑘𝑐𝑎𝑙 = 4186 𝐽

o Lunghezza

1𝑓𝑡 = 0.3048 𝑚
1𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ = 0.254 𝑚

o Forza

1 𝑙𝑏𝑓 = 0.454 𝑘𝑔𝑓

o Temperatura

1 𝐾 = 1.8 °𝑅

o Pressione

1 𝑏𝑎𝑟 = 100000 𝑃𝑎

𝑙𝑏
1 𝑓 𝑓2 = 47.880 𝑃𝑎
𝑡

1 𝑚𝑚 𝐻𝑔 = 133.32 𝑃𝑎

1 𝑖𝑛𝑐ℎ 𝐻2 𝑂 = 249.09 𝑃𝑎

1 𝑎𝑡𝑚 = 760 𝑚𝑚 𝐻𝑔 = 101325 𝑃𝑎

1 𝑝𝑠𝑖 = 760 𝑚𝑚 𝐻𝑔 = 6895 𝑃𝑎

88
GASDYNAMICS WEB SITES

• Tavole periodiche

http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table

https://www.ptable.com/

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/periodic-table/

• Conversioni varie: pressione, energia, lunghezze, …..

https://www.unitconverters.net

https://www.translatorscafe.com/unit-converter/it/pressure/38-1/psi-pascal/

• Compressible Gasdynamic Calculator

http://www.dept.aoe.vt.edu/~devenpor/aoe3114/calc.html

89

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