Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
vapor phase
1
resistance to heat transfer
vapor phase
Regimes of Heat
film boiling
Transfer during
convection
Boiling radiation
natural
becomes
important
There are
correlations
for h for ∆T 0.25
each
regime.
Geankoplis 4th ed, p284
2
•high h
Dropwise Condensation
•hard to maintain
•not used in practice
heat
T < Tsat
Tsat
vapor phase
condensed phase
•film reduces h
Film Condensation •very stable
•often used
vapor phase
heat
condensed phase
3
Heat Exchangers
T1′
double-pipe:
T1 T2
Q = UA∆Tlm
T2′
But:
•only small increases possible
•increasing Ri decreases h
1 shell
1 tube
1 shell
2 tube
Geankoplis 4th ed., p292
4
Cross Baffles in Shell-and-Tube Heat
Exchangers
2 shell
4 tube
5
For double-pipe heat exchanger:
Q = UA∆Tlm
For shell-and-tube heat exchangers:
Q = UA[∆Tlm (FT ) ]
calculated correction factor
(obtain from charts)
1-2
FT
Shell-and-Tube Heat
Exchangers FT,min=0.75
(1-1 exchanger, FT = 1)
2-4
Thi = hot, in
Tho = hot, out
Tci = cold, in FT,min=0.75
Tco = cold, out
Geankoplis 4th ed., p295
6
Heat Exchanger Fouling
clean fouled
scale