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India was demarcated into five regional grids, which operate independently.
KSEB is the part of the Southern Grid comprising Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu,
Karnataka, Kerala and Pondicherry. In order to meet the increasing power requirements
of the states, inaddition to their own generating stations, they have capacity entitlement
on Central Generating stations owned by NTPC, NLC and NPC.
ABT is a rational tariff structure for accounting the transaction of energy from
Interstate Generating Stations in the Central Sector.
The Central Generating Stations covered under ABT in the Southern Region are the
following:
3. Coal based thermal station of NTPC in Talcher (Stage II) in Orissa. (Even
though the station is in Eastern Region it is constructed for Southern Region)
4*500 MW
Bilateral transaction and inter regional transaction also come under the preview of ABT
ABT has been introduced in Southern Region with effect from 01.01.2003.
Pre – ABT Regime
In the Southern Grid, there is a wide variation between the demand and supply.
The distinct features of the Southern Grid before introducing ABT are
• Low frequency during peak-load hours, with frequency going down to 48.0 –
48.5 Hz for many hours every day.
• High frequency during off-peak hours, with frequency going up to 50.5 – 51.0
Hz for many hours every day.
• Rapid and wide changes in frequency, one Hz change in 5-10 minutes being a
common phenomenon.
• Very low voltages, for substantial period.
• High voltages during off-peak hours, to the extent that even 400 KV trunk
lines are required to be switched off to contain the over-voltages.
• Very frequent grid disturbances, causing tripping of generating stations,
interruption of supply to large blocks of consumers, and disintegration of the
Regional grids.
Before introducing ABT, the two-part tariff system was prevailing, i.e. the fixed
cost and the variable cost are charged from the beneficiary states/SEBs in the
proportion of the actual energy drawn during a particular period.
Before introducing ABT, if a beneficiary over draws a portion of the other
beneficiary’s share of power, there was no penalty on those who get the benefit or
there was no compensation for those who suffered.
ABT Regime
After the introduction of ABT, KSEB is strictly following the merit order
dispatch based on the variable cost of energy. The present merit order stack of different
sources based on the variable cost is given below.
Station VC/unit
Rs./Kwh
RSTPS 0.94
RSTPS u 7 1.08
TALCHERII #3,4&5 0.69
TALCHER II #6 0.56
NLC II Stage 1 0.74
NLC II Stage 2 1.01
NLC I Expn. 1.32
MAPS 2.03
KAIGA u#1 3.25
KAIGA u#2 3.25
FSTPP 1.36
KHSTPP 1.41
TSTPP 0.65
RGCCPP 5.26
BSES 5.08
KPCL 3.68
BDPP 3.71
KDPP 3.31
KSEB is preparing the daily dispatch based on the expected demand and energy
availability from internal sources, the demand of the previous week and previous day,
climate, water availability in the hydel reservoirs, possibility of spill, machine
availability in the power plants and variable cost of generation of KSEB thermal stations,
BSES, NTPC-Kayamkulam, KPCL and Import power from different sources.
During 2004 - 05 our UI import was 497.892 MU at an average rate of 211
PS/unit and export 158.083 MU at 244 PS/Unit.
DETAILS OF UI ACCOUNT
Scheduled
Energy from UI IMPORT UI EXPORT
CGS &
ER(at SR Bilateral Sale of
periphery) in Trading KYCCPP Rate Rate
Month LU (PTC,GEL) Power Qty in LU Rs./ unit Qty in LU Rs./ unit
Jan 03 to Mar
03 12534.58 329.04 2163.41 2305.76 1.62 -22.68 2.37
Low frequency regime prevailed in the southern grid during May 05 due to the outages
RSTPS and subsequently in the AP grid. Our generation was maximized to take
advantage of the situation. To meet the demand, the BDPP, KDPP and IPP’s had to be
scheduled. Our consumption also touched the all time peak of 41.11MU during this
period in the absence of pre monsoon showers. By scrupulous and watchful operation of
the SLDC, we could receive substantial amount as UI charges. We have made a net gain
of about Rs.16crores during this period by the timely action taken by SLDC. It is also to
be noted that KSEB had been the constituent, which aided the grid to the maximum
extent during this period. The effective planning and judicious use of our internal
resources for the entire water year helped us in making this achievement.