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Differential Protection http://www.scribd.com/doc/8690975/Differential-Protection

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Differential Protection http://www.scribd.com/doc/8690975/Differential-Protection

Differential Protection

Measuring Principle

Basis is the first Kirchhoff’s law e.g. Transformer

1
I
I1 I2 IL

/ 30 ∆I
2
ΣI=0
∆ I = II1 + I2I
The currents to a node In the case of load:
are positive defined. I1 = IL
I2 = -IL
}
∆I = 0

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1
Internal fault 2 External fault
(înfeed from two sides)
I1 = I1,F I1 = IF
I2 = I2,F I2 = -IF
∆ I = II1,F + I2,F I ∆ I = IIF - IFI = 0
⇒ trip ⇒ no trip
/ Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved. Siemens. Innovation for generations.

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Differential Protection http://www.scribd.com/doc/8690975/Differential-Protection

Peculiarity of the Transformer Differential Protection

1. Vector group (e. g. Yd5) 2. Different CT´s,
tap changer, magnetising current
I1
∆∆I

∆∆I trip region

current transformer
150°
tap changer,
CT adaptation
- (will be eliminated)
I2
magnetising current

ITr, IRestr.
⇒ vector group adaptation ⇒ restraint function (stabilising) is necessary
∆∆
∆ I = f (Irestr.)

3. Dynamic currents Irestr. = |I1| + |I2|

inrush current
⇒ blocking via harmonics
overflux (overexcitation)
CT saturation during
external faults ⇒ saturation detector
/ Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved. Siemens. Innovation for generations.

Differential Currents with Harmonics

i
energising Y y iDiff = i1
even,

t=0 2nd harm.

i1

/ 30 20 40 60 80 ms 100 t

i
energising iDiff = i1
D y even

2nd
t=0
i1 harm.

paralleling 20 40 60 80 ms 100 t
be social! Post a message on your socialtransformer
(energising networksT1)
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T2
i iDiff = i2
i2 and
odd
T1

2nd
harm.

20 40 60 ms 80 t

/ Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved. Siemens. Innovation for generations.

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Differential Protection
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Technology-Energy
trip
restraint current
stability sensitivity
differential stability
differential protections
(more tags)
gargamelazrael4946

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Differential Protection http://www.scribd.com/doc/8690975/Differential-Protection

HV Relay Directory
Listing of the leading high
voltage
relay manufacturers
www.hvrelays.com

Terminal Blocks/DECA
Use high oxidation-resistant
With 2 to 24 positions
www.deca.com.tw/

Secure SCADA System

Ultimate Robust SCADA System.
Realtime software you can rely on
www.realflex.com

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