Department of Education

English 6
Identifying Words or Terms that
Denote Bias and Propaganda
Second Quarter - Week 4

Sheila B. Del Monte

Writer
Norlito A. Argante
Rhodora V. Mandap
Validators
Ada T. Tagle
Cecilia Teresa C. Claudel
Marie Ann R. Esmeria
Dr. Ma. Carmen D. Solayao
Quality Assurance Team

Schools Division Office – Muntinlupa City

Student Center for Life Skills Bldg., Centennial Ave., Brgy. Tunasan, Muntinlupa City
(02) 8805-9935 / (02) 8805-9940
 You are now on the fourth part of your lesson. This module is written to help
you identify words or terms that denote bias and propaganda.
After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Define bias and propaganda;

2. Identify words or terms that denote bias and propaganda.

3. Enumerate types of bias and propaganda; and

4. Analyze text to identify different types of propaganda techniques.

A. Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What propaganda technique uses well-known or credible figures to influence the

target audience?

a. Testimonial b. Bandwagon c. Plain Folks d. Name calling

2. Which highlights stereotypes and then either reinforces or shatters them with the

message in the advertisement?

a. Bandwagon b. Name Calling c. Stereotyping d. Testimonial

3. Which defines being biased?

a. being conceited c. refusing to take a side

b. favoring one side over another d. showing selfishness

4. Which creates a sense of isolation and triggers FOMO (fear of missing out) in

specific people who long to be part of some desirable group?

a. Bandwagon c. Plain Folks

b. Glittering Generalities d. Stereotyping

5. Which uses regular people to endorse a product or service primes prospects to try it

out because they can see it fit into their everyday lives, too?

a. Bandwagon c. Testimonial

b. Plain Folks d. Name Calling

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6. What type of propaganda uses negative words or feelings against an idea, product

or person?

a. Name Calling c. Transfer

b. Glittering Generalities d. Testimonial

7. What propaganda technique is shown in this statement? Asians are good at Math.

a. Bandwagon c. Glittering Generalities

b. Transfer d. Stereotyping

8. The use of labels such as “terrorist,” “revolutionary,” or “freedom fighter” is an

example of what type of bias?

a. Bias by omission c. Bias by photos,

b. Bias by use of language d. Bias by headlines

9. Which propaganda technique puts the other party down?

a. Glittering Generalities c. Transfer

b. Name Calling d. Testimonial

10. What words can indicate bias?

a. Cheerfulness, Happiness, Enjoyment c. Partiality, Partisanship, Favoritism

b. Fairness, Justice, Honesty d. Suggestions, Comments, Opinions

Before we go deeper with our lesson, let’s see how well you remember your
previous lesson.

Directions: Read each question carefully. Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which can help the readers better understand how something looks, feels,
sounds, and more?
a. Adverbs b. Adjectives c. Nouns d. Verbs

2. Which is a descriptive word?

a. always b. fast c. slowly d. walked

3. Which tells how, when, where, why or to what extent?

a. Adverb b. Conjunction c. Preposition d. Pronoun

4. The fluffy white _______ ran playfully to its owner. What could it be?
a. an angel b. a baby C. a dog d. a doll

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 5. The man walk through the forest. Which is the most appropriate descriptive
text for this sentence?
a. The man walked slowly through the forest.
b. The old man walked slowly through the forest.
c. The old man walked slowly through the green forest.
d. The old man walked slowly through the lush, green forest.

6. It crashes and dances along the shore, moving up and down in a graceful and
gentle rhythm like it is dancing. What object does the sentence describe?
a. car b. sand c. tree d. wave

7. He is stooped and bent, his back making the shape of a C and his head bent so
far forward. Who is being described?
a. A rich kid b. A young man c. An old man d. A sailor

8. The dancing colors of blue, green, red and yellow lights from a star-shaped
lantern brighten the night. What season is on?
a. Christmas b. Fiesta c. Lent d. New Year

9. Which describes a person’s physical appearance?

a. height, body, hair, texture c. body, hair, eyes, color
b. height, color, smell, eyes d. body, hair, color, length

10. Which set of word tells the kinds of eyes?

a. round, oval, rectangle, heart c. round, almond, droopy, hooded
b. broad, ideal, small, pointed d. long, short, tall, high

Let’s define bias first.

What is Bias?
It is favoring one person or side over another.
It is a tendency or preference towards a particular perspective,
ideology or result, when the tendency interferes with ability to be
impartial, unprejudiced, or objective.
It is generally seen as a “one-sided” perspective.
Example: Making fun of someone because of his race, religion, how he looks, and others
simply because it is your opinion, is biased.

Types of Biases

1. Bias by omission means the media leaves out one side of a story, or one aspect of a
story.
Example: When a reporter tells about misfinancing on a certain project but didn't want
to open an investigation regarding the city budget.

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2. Bias by use of language means using of labels which can create completely different
impressions of the same person or event.

Example: use of labels such as “terrorist,” “revolutionary,” or “freedom fighter”

3. Bias through use of names and titles means using tags and titles to describe people,
places, and event.

Example: A person can be called an “ex-con” or be referred to as someone who served

time twenty years ago even for a minor offense.

4. Bias by photos, captions and camera angles happens when some pictures flatter a
person, or make the person look unpleasant.

Examples: Photos that can influence opinion about a person, the choice of visual images
that can display extremely different meaning, and the caption or choice of words that can
be a potential source of bias

5. Bias by headlines means using headlines that can be deceptive, as their main purpose
is to grab attention.

Example: Headlines which can create a distorted sense of what is really going on, or turn
a non-event into a sensational event

What is Propaganda?

Propaganda is an information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to

promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view.

Types of Propaganda Techniques

1. Name Calling - Giving a person or an idea a bad label by using an easy to remember
pejorative name. These are Negative words and images to create an unfavorable opinion.
Examples: "Republican", "Tree-Hugger", "Nazi", "Environmentalist", "Special-Interest
Group"
Example: In a campaign speech to a logging company, the Congressman referred to his
environmentally conscious opponent as a “tree hugger”.

2. Stereotyping - This propaganda method highlights stereotypes and then either

reinforces or shatters them with the message in the advertisement.
Example: “Only boys can play basketball.”

“ Asians are good at Math.”

3. Virtue Words or Glittering Generality - These words are used to dupe us into
accepting and approving of things without examining the evidence carefully.
Examples: "Natural", "Democratic", "Organic", "Scientific", "Ecological", "Sustainable".
I stand for freedom: for a strong nation, unrivaled in the world. My opponent believes we
must compromise on these ideals, but I believe they are our birthright.

4. Testimonial - This is the celebrity endorsement of a philosophy, movement or

candidate.
Example: "For bouncy hair, use Palmolive with coco cream.”
- Maine Mendoza for a shampoo commercial

5. Plain Folks - This is a way that a speaker convinces an audience that an idea is good
because they are the same ideas of the vast majority of people like yourself.
Example: "This is the will of the People"

Another example would be when the speaker tells a story about a family or people that
are "just like you" to reinforce the speaker's point of view.

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6. Bandwagon - Persuading people to do something by letting them know others are
doing it.
Example: Everyone is using Product X, shouldn’t you be using it, too?
7. False Dichotomy - This is when someone tries to claim there are only two sides to
an issue and that both sides must have equal presentation in order to be evaluated.
Example: “We shouldn’t give aid to quake victims in other country. Why should we help
other nations when there are homeless Filipinos on the streets?”
8. Transfer – This is a technique in which an advertiser tries to ‘transfer’ the good
or bad feelings you have associated with something to their brand, product or
service.
Example: You see an ad about a food chain. It doesn’t move you. Just then, it
mentions that all the ingredients used by the brand are organic. If you are a
supporter of organic foods, this will call out to you in a way no other message
could have. And you will associate the positive fe elings you have about organic
food with the brand.

9. Scapegoat - This is often used with guilt-by-association to deflect scrutiny away from
the issues. It transfers blame to one person or group of people without investigating the
complexities of the issue.
Examples: Blaming illegal immigrants for crime and lack of job/wage growth in the
Philippines wherein in fact corruption is the main problem.

10. Emotional Words - words such as luxury, beautiful, paradise, and economical are
used to evoke positive feelings in the viewer.
Example: “It’s more fun in the Philippines.”

11. Card Stacking - The strategy of showing the product’s best features, telling half-
truths, and omitting or lying about its potential problems.
Example: “Espam Meat Loaf is better than ‘regular meat loaf’ because it contains
30% less fat.”

What if the amount of fat in regular meat loaf is so high that 30% less is still
very dangerous for you?

Directions: Fill in the blanks with what you have learned from this lesson.
_______________is favoring one person or side over another or an ideology or
result, when the tendency interferes with ability to be impartial, unprejudiced, or
objective.
The Words or Terms that Denote Bias are: ______________, Bias by
use of language, ________________Bias by photos, captions and camera angles,
and _________________________.
____________ is an information, especially of a biased or misleading nature,
used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view.

The Types of Propaganda Techniques are: _________________, Stereotyping,

Virtue Words or Glittering Generality, Testimonial, Plain Folks, Bandwagon, False
Dichotomy, Transfer, _________________, Emotional Words, and ____________________.

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 A. Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct propaganda technique
used in each sentence.
1. Marian Rivera, a well-known actress, said she likes a certain brand of 3-in-1
coffee because of its creaminess.
a. Name Calling b. Testimonial c. Plain Folks d. Scapegoat
2. A certain brand employs loaded words and strong slogans to leave an impact on

the audience receiving the message.

a. Virtue Word b. Card Stacking c. Scapegoat d. Transfer

3. A friend said everyone is using Brand X, and you should use it, too.

a. Card Stacking b.Virtue Word c. Bandwagon d.Testimonial

4. A speaker said, “We shouldn’t give aid to victims of calamities in other country.
After all, why should we help them when there are a lot of poor here?”.
a. Scapegoat b. Transfer c. Testimonial d. False Dichotomy

5. A politician transfers blame to his staff who just distributed the goods he
ordered.
a. Bandwagon b. Testimonial c. Scapegoat d. Virtue Word

B. Directions: Decide which of the four propaganda is being used in the

sentence. Write the answer on the blank provided.

Bandwagon Name-calling

Testimonial Emotional words

1. All your friends have Kawakazoo motorbikes.

Shouldn’t you have one too?

____________________

2. White sandy beaches and crystal-clear water

attract hoards of vacation-bound tourists every

ear to the Hawaiian Island. The warm tropical sun

and cold evening breezes provide a vacation paradise.

____________________

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 3. “One More Life” is a dumb TV show. The stupid
scripts are ridiculous, and the acting is poor. The
sooner that show goes off the air, the happier the
viewer will be.

____________________

4."If I were given the chance, I want to use the face

of Miriam Defensor-Santiago. What I admired about
her is that she used her knowledge, her voice to
serve the country,” answered by Miss Universe
Philippines 2020 Rabiya Mateo during the
question and answer portion of the competition
when asked whose image of any Filipino does she
want to be on a new paper currency.

_____________________

Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What type of bias uses labels that can create completely different impressions of the
same person or event?

a. By omission b. By use of language c. By photos d. By headlines

2. What type of bias means the media leaves out one side of a story, or one aspect of a
story?

a. By omission b. By use of language c. By photos d. By headlines

3. What does it mean to show bias?

a. To be conceited c. To refuse to take a side

b. To favor one side over another d. To show selfishness

4. A famous person (athlete/celebrity) endorses a new product is an example of what

propaganda technique?

a. Testimonial c. Plain Folks

b. Glittering Generalities d. Name Calling

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5. Newspaper Advertisement: A message that appeals to ordinary people, like you and
me is what propaganda technique?
a. Bandwagon c. Emotional Words
b. Plain Folks d. Name Calling

6. What type of propaganda uses negative words or feelings against an idea, product
or person?

a. Name calling c. Transfer

b. Glittering Generalities d. Emotional Words

7. What propaganda technique is being used when it shows the product’s best features,
telling half-truths, and omitting or lying about its potential problems?

a. Card Stacking c. Glittering Generalities

b. Bandwagon d. Name Calling

8. TV Commercial: Try New Kopimo 3-in-1 Coffee. It has 30% less caffeine than other
brand.

a. Card Stacking c. Transfer

b. Glittering Generalities d.Name Calling

9. Radio Advertisement: Drink Super Sports Beverage, the only drink of the NBA.
a. Glittering Generalities c. Transfer
b. Testimonial d. Name Calling

10. Facts, quotations, statistics, and case studies are all types of:
c. Reasons c. Evidences
d. Appeals d. Opinions

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References:

https://eavi.eu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Propaganda-Lesson-Plan.pdf
https://www.uvm.edu/~jleonard/AGRI183/propoaganda.html#:~:text=PLAIN%20FOLKS
%3A%20This%20is%20a,Most%20Americans...%22.
https://www.slideshare.net/wanitaaaa/propaganda-devices

Answer Key:

5. c
10. c 4. Testimonial 4. d 10.c

9. b 3. Name Calling 3. c 9. b

8. a 2. Emotional Words 2. a 8. b
7. a B1. Bandwagon A1. b 7. d

6. a CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 6. a

5. b 10. c 5. D 5. b

4. a 9. c 4. c 4. a

3. b 8. a 3. a 3. b

2. a 7. c 2. b 2. c

1.b 6. d 1. b 1. a

POST TEST LOOKING BACK PRETEST

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