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National Transportation Safety Board NTSB ID: NYC04LA174 Aircraft Registration Number: N995CA

FACTUAL REPORT Occurrence Date: 07/21/2004 Most Critical Injury: Serious

AVIATION Occurrence Type: Accident Investigated By: NTSB

Location/Time
Nearest City/Place State Zip Code Local Time Time Zone
Snow Hill VA 23337 0815 EDT

Airport Proximity: Off Airport/Airstrip Distance From Landing Facility:

Aircraft Information Summary

Aircraft Manufacturer Model/Series Type of Aircraft

Bombardier CL-600 Airplane

Revenue Sightseeing Flight: No Air Medical Transport Flight: No

Narrative
Brief narrative statement of facts, conditions and circumstances pertinent to the accident/incident:
On July 21, 2004, at 0815 eastern daylight time, a Bombardier CL-600, N995CA, operated by Comair
Airlines Inc., as flight 5645, was not damaged during a climb to avoid traffic near Snow Hill,
Virginia. The two certificated airline transport pilots, and two non-revenue passengers were not
injured. One flight attendant was seriously inured. Visual meteorological conditions prevailed
for the flight that departed from the Charleston International Airport (CHS), Charleston, South
Carolina, destined for the John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK), New York, New York. An
instrument flight rules flight plan was filed for the scheduled passenger flight conducted under 14
CFR Part 121.

According to the first officer (FO), while in cruise flight at flight level (FL) 290, the crew
received an audible traffic advisory (TA) alert from the traffic collision avoidance system (TCAS).
The multi-functional display depicted an aircraft at the 12-to 1-o'clock position, about 2,000
feet below, and climbing about 500 feet per minute. As the conflicting aircraft reached
approximately 1,400 feet below the CL-600, the first officer visually observed the airplane,
announced "traffic in sight, " and alerted the captain to the traffic.

At the same time as the captain instructed the FO to climb, the crew received an aural resolution
advisory (RA) warning to "CLIMB, CLIMB" from the TCAS. The FO then disconnected the autopilot and
initiated a climb, while advancing the thrust levers. The captain continued his instruction to
climb and the vertical speed indicator displayed a rate of ascent of 1,500 feet per minute.

The captain then announced he was taking the controls and proceeded to pitch the airplane at a
greater angle. Once the TCAS announced, "clear of conflict," the captain leveled the airplane at
30,000 feet. He then returned the controls to the FO, and the airplane was descended back to FL
290.

After the airplane was level, the captain was informed that the flight attendant was hurt. The
flight continued to JFK, where the flight crew requested that paramedics meet the flight to assess
the flight attendant's injury.

According to the flight attendant, she was performing a walk-through of the cabin, when she "felt
pressure on herself, " and fell to the floor. Two jumpseating passengers in the cabin assisted
her to a seat, and retrieved ice for her ankle. After landing, she was transported to an urgent
care facility, and diagnosed with a broken ankle.

A review of radar data and air traffic control information provided by the Federal Aviation
Administration (FAA), revealed that the Comair flight was climbing at a rate of 2,500 feet per
minute and an airspeed of 483 knots. The airplane which caused the traffic alert for the Comair
crew was an MD-80, which was climbing at 2,000 feet per minute, and an airspeed of 433 knots. The
closest proximity between the two aircraft was 1.54 nautical miles and 1,500 feet.

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National Transportation Safety Board NTSB ID: NYC04LA174

FACTUAL REPORT Occurrence Date: 07/21/2004

AVIATION Occurrence Type: Accident

Narrative (Continued)

According to the Comair CL-600 Flight Standards Manual, "the correct response to a corrective RA is
to fly from the red zone into the green zone. This maneuver requires a response within 5 seconds
of the advisory using approximately a 0.25g maneuver. Listed below [is one] possible corrective RA
aural warning:

- 'CLIMB, CLIMB,' - Climb at the rate shown on the VSI, normally 1,500 FPM."

A performance review of the radar data revealed the flight crew response to the TCAS alert included
a 1000-foot climb, followed immediately by a descent back to the airplane’s assigned altitude. The
entire maneuver lasted about a minute and a half. While the nature of the radar data that tracked
the flight did not allow the load factors in the cabin to be computed with certainty, the maneuver
described by the radar data could be performed using an initial 1.15 G pull-up to start the climb,
followed by a 0.05 push-over to arrest the climb and start the descent, followed by a 1.4 G pull-up
to level the airplane at the assigned altitude. In this sequence, the time between the 0.05 G
push-over and the 1.4 G level-off was about 5 seconds.

According to Comair training documents, flight crews receive initial TCAS training, during
simulator LOFTs. During recurrent training, TCAS training/demonstrations may be built into
specific LOFT scenarios.

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NTSB ID: NYC04LA174

National Transportation Safety Board

FACTUAL REPORT Occurrence Date: 07/21/2004

AVIATION Occurrence Type: Accident

Landing Facility/Approach Information

Airport Name Airport ID: Airport Elevation Runway Used Runway Length Runway Width

Ft. MSL NA

Runway Surface Type:

Runway Surface Condition:

Approach/Arrival Flown: Unknown

VFR Approach/Landing: Unknown

Aircraft Information
Aircraft Manufacturer Model/Series Serial Number
Bombardier CL-600 7229

Airworthiness Certificate(s): Transport

Landing Gear Type: Retractable - Tricycle

Amateur Built Acft? No
Engine Type:
Turbo Fan
- Aircraft Inspection Information
Type of Last Inspection
Number of Seats: 53 Certified Max Gross Wt. 53000 LBS Number of Engines: 2
Engine Manufacturer: Model/Series: Rated Power:
General Electric CF34-3A1 9220 LBS
Date of Last Inspection Time Since Last Inspection Airframe Total Time

Continuous Airworthiness 07/2004 Hours 15817 Hours

- Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT) Information

ELT Installed?/Type Yes / ELT Operated? No ELT Aided in Locating Accident Site? No

Owner/Operator Information
Registered Aircraft Owner Street Address
77 Comair Blvd
COMAIR INC City State Zip Code
Erlanger KY 41018
Street Address
Operator of Aircraft 77 Comair Blvd
City State Zip Code
COMAIR INC
Erlanger KY 41018
Operator Does Business As: COMAIR Operator Designator Code: COMA
- Type of U.S. Certificate(s) Held:
Air Carrier Operating Certificate(s): Flag Carrier/Domestic

Operating Certificate: Operator Certificate:

Regulation Flight Conducted Under: Part 121: Air Carrier

Type of Flight Operation Conducted: Scheduled; Domestic; Passenger Only

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National Transportation Safety Board NTSB ID: NYC04LA174

FACTUAL REPORT Occurrence Date: 07/21/2004

AVIATION Occurrence Type: Accident

First Pilot Information

Name City State Date of Birth Age

On File On File On File On File 35

Sex: M Seat Occupied: Left Occupational Pilot? Certificate Number: On File

Certificate(s): Airline Transport; Commercial

Airplane Rating(s): Multi-engine Land; Single-engine Land

Rotorcraft/Glider/LTA: None

Instrument Rating(s): Airplane

Instructor Rating(s): None

Current Biennial Flight Review? 07/2004

Medical Cert.: Class 1 Medical Cert. Status: Without Waivers/Limitations Date of Last Medical Exam: 07/2004

This Make Airplane Airplane Instrument Lighter

All A/C
- Flight Time Matrix and Model Single Engine Mult-Engine
Night
Actual Simulated
Rotorcraft Glider
Than Air

Total Time 6530 4570

Pilot In Command(PIC) 2430
Instructor

Instruction Received

Last 90 Days 197 197

Last 30 Days

Last 24 Hours

Seatbelt Used? Yes Shoulder Harness Used? Yes Toxicology Performed? No Second Pilot? Yes

Flight Plan/Itinerary
Type of Flight Plan Filed: IFR
Departure Point State Airport Identifier Departure Time Time Zone

CHARLESTON SC CHS 0630 EDT

Destination State Airport Identifier

NEW YORK NY JFK

Type of Clearance: IFR

Type of Airspace:

Weather Information
Source of Wx Information:

Company

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National Transportation Safety Board NTSB ID: NYC04LA174

FACTUAL REPORT Occurrence Date: 07/21/2004

AVIATION Occurrence Type: Accident

Weather Information
WOF ID Observation Time Time Zone WOF Elevation WOF Distance From Accident Site Direction From Accident Site

WAL 0754 EDT 40 Ft. MSL 7 NM 180 Deg. Mag.

Sky/Lowest Cloud Condition: Clear Ft. AGL Condition of Light: Day

Lowest Ceiling: None Ft. AGL Visibility: 4 SM Altimeter: 30.00 "Hg

Temperature: 27 ° C Dew Point: 20 ° C Weather Conditions at Accident Site: Visual Conditions

Wind Direction: 350 Wind Speed: 5 Wind Gusts:

Visibility (RVR): Ft. Visibility (RVV) SM

Precip and/or Obscuration:

Accident Information
Aircraft Damage: None Aircraft Fire: None Aircraft Explosion None

- Injury Summary Matrix Fatal Serious Minor None TOTAL

First Pilot 1 1
Second Pilot 1 1
Student Pilot

Flight Instructor

Check Pilot

Flight Engineer

Cabin Attendants 1 1
Other Crew

Passengers 2 2
- TOTAL ABOARD - 1 4 5
Other Ground

- GRAND TOTAL - 1 4 5

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NTSB ID: NYC04LA174

National Transportation Safety Board

FACTUAL REPORT Occurrence Date: 07/21/2004

AVIATION Occurrence Type: Accident

Administrative Information
Investigator-In-Charge (IIC)
Jill M. Andrews

Additional Persons Participating in This Accident/Incident Investigation:

Robert Thorson
FAA/FSDO
Garden City, NY

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