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SSC-385 A
Hydrodynamic Impact on
Displacement Ship Hulls
An Assessment of the State of the Art ~
Bibliography
SH 1P STRU CTURESUBCOMMllTE E
The SHIP STRUCTURE SUBCOMMllTEE acts for the Ship Str~cture Committee on technical matters by providing technical
coordination for determinating the goals and objectives of the program and by evaluating and interpreting the results in terms of
structural design, construction, and operation.
Mr. Robert E. Van Jones (Chairman) Mr. Frederick Seibold CAPT Geur~e Wright
Mr. Rickard A. Anderson Mr. Richard P. Voelker Mr. Walter Lincoln
Mr. Michael W. Touma Mr. Chao H. Lin Mr. Rubin Sheinberg
Mr. Jeffrey E. Beach Dr. Wafter M. Maclean
SOCIEWOF
~ NAV NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES -
MARINE ENGINEERS MARINE BOARD
Dr. William Sandberg Dr, Robert Slelski
STUDENT MEMBER
Mr. Jason Miller
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Member Agencies: c Addr= Correspondence to:
.
~
American Bureau Of Shipping Executive Director
De fence FZ6seamh Ek%blishment Aflantic Ship Structure Committee
Maritime Administration
Milita Sealift Command
Ship U.S. Coast Guard
2100 Seccnd Street,
(G-MMEYsSC)
S.W.
Nav&Y Sea z ystems Command
Tkmport Canada
Structure Washin
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ton, D.C. 205S3-0001
267-OOO3
United States Coast Guard Committee Fax(202)
267-4916
4!2%s
Rear Admi&l, U.S. Coast Guard
Chairman, Ship Structure Committee
Technical R*port Documentation Page
1. Raport No. 2. Government Accsssion No. 3. R*cipiontis Catalog No.
SSC-385 PB96-129119
!
17. Koy Words lE. Distribution Statm.nt
Hydrodynamic Impact, Slamming, Distribution unlimited, available from:
Displacement Ships, Seakeeping, National Technical Information Service
Wave Slap, Frontal Impact, Theory, U.S. Department of Commerce
Hyd.roelastic, Model Tests, Springfield, VA 22151
Full Scale
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METRIC CONVERSION CARD
Approximate Conversions to Metric Measures
‘— ApproximateCoxiversionsfromMetric
Measures
@—
Symbol When You Know Multiply by To Find Symbol $- Symbol When You Know Multiply by To Find Symbol
LENGTH IJ3~G711
in inches 2.5 centimeter cm ~ ‘, mm millimeters 0.04 inches in
ft feet 30 centimete~ cm — cm centimeters 0.4 inches in
yd yards 0.9 meters m ~~ .m meters 3,3 feet ft
mi miles 1.6 kilometers m metem 1.1 yards
km= yd
AREA km kilometms 0.6 miles mi
in2 Scplam inches 6.5 square centimeter cm z — AREA
fi2 square feet 0.09 square meters mZ = cm2 square centimeters 0.16 square inches in2
ydz square yards 0.8 squaremeters mI ~ rn2
m~2
square meters 1.2 square yards @2
square miles 2.6 square kilometers kml M ~ : ~2 SqUW Idometem ~.j square miles mi 2
acres 0.4 hectares ha ~ ha hedams acres
MASS (weight) (10,000mz)
Oz ounces 28 MASS (weight)
g= .
Ib pounds 0.45 &&s kg ~ . 0.035 ounces Oz
short tons 0.9 metric~on t~ [g l%&asns 2.2 pounds Ill
(2000 lb) U= ,t metric ton 1J short tons
VOLUME (1,000 kg)
tsp teaspoons 5 mWitem mL~ VOLUME
7J:p tablespoons 15milliliters mL~ mL milliliter 0,03 fluid ounces fl Oz
cubic inches 16
mil.lilitem n-IL ~ ~ rnL milliliters 0,06 cubic “inches in3
~ “
ffoz fluid ounces 30milliliter mL —z ~A
L liters 2.1 pints pt
c cups 0,24
liters GO’
L *=== ~ .L liters 1.06 quarts qt
pt pints 0.47
liters L~ ~ L liters 0.26 gallons gal
qt quarts ~A
0.95
liters L~ m3 cubic meters 35 cubic feet fi3
@ gallons 3.8
liters L= ~3 cubic meters 1.3 cubic yards ~dj
ft3 ~
cubic feet 0.03
cubic meters m 3 —_ ~-
yd 3 cubic yards 0.76
cubic meters m3 ~
~tu
~ TEMPERATURE (exact)
~ “c degrees multiply by 9/5, degrees
~ *F
TEMPERATURE (exact) Ul~ ~A Celsius add 32 Fahrenheit
~
—w
“F degrees subtract 32, degrees *C ~
Fahrenheit multiply by 5P Celsius
~A
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.*C ! ! I I !
~ .. I I 1
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~- F -40 0 32 80 98.6 160 212
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water freezes body temperature water Ml Is
TABLE OF CONTENTS ,
Page
Acknowledgement vi
Introduction vii
...
Abbreviations Vm
Bibliography 1
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The authors wish to thank the SSC Project Technical Committee for its guidance
during the conduct of this study.
vi
INTRODUCTION
This Bibliography was formulated during the development of the Ship Structure
Committee report: Hydrodynamic Impact Loading on Displacement Ship Hulls, An
Assessment of the State of the Art, by John C. Daidola and Victor Mishkevich.
vii
American Institute of Aeronautics & Aeronautics
AINA Arctic Institute of North America
AMM Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics
Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois
API American Petroleum Institute
APL/JHU Applied Physics Laborato~/John.s Hopkins Universi~
ARDE Armament Research and Development Establishment
ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers
ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASNE Anerican Society of Naval Engineers
ATMA Association Technique Maritime et Aeronautique, Paris
i 2:
.,.
ABBREVIATIONS (Cent’d)
BS = Bottom S1amming
FI = Frontal Impact
Ws = Wave Slap
IL = Impact Loading
TH = Twin Hull
AM = Analytical Model
ER = Experimental Research
AE= Analytical -VS-Experimental
xi
Num&er Description KeJQ K&J
1 Abramovich, S.N. AM
Investigation of llon~inear Iiydrodynamic Forces Acting on a Ship t!ul 1 in the Process of
Pitching
Transactions of the Kry(ov Scientific Research Institute, v. 259
1970
2 Abramvich, S.M. TP AM
Spactral Conpound Calculation Hethod for Hydrodynamic Loads on a Ship Moving in Irregular
Uavas
W&Thesis, Laningrsd, 223 p.
5 Achtarides, T.A.
Plastic Design of Plate Panels for Ice Strengthening and S[anming
SthWE, Neu Eng Land Sect f on
1972, Septtir
6 Adams, J.L.
SW Notes on Damage to Ships.
NEC, No. 45, w4OO-41O,
1929.
7 Aertssen, G. Bs TP
An Estinwte of Uhicaing Vibration Stress Based on Slanrninq Data of Four ShiDs
International Shi@ilding Progress
1979, February
8 Aertsaen, G.
oeck Uetness and Ship Efficiency
International Shipbuilding Prograss, Volurn? 24, MO. 280
!9??, December
9 Aertssen, G.
Laboring of Ships in Rough Seas with Specia[ En@asis on the Fast ship.
SHAME Dianmnd Jubilee Int’t Mtg,
1968, June.
10 Aertssen, G.
Reduced Draught at Sea: Its Problems.
Trans. North East Cosst Institution of Engineers ati shi@uikfers, Vo~me 93, No. 4,
1977, March
11 Aertssen, G.
Service Performance and Seakeeping Trials on f4/V Jordaena.
RINA, Tranaactiona, Vol. 108, No. 4,
1966.
24 Ardo, Y 0S ER
Cushioning of Shinning I~ct by Etaatometric Layara.
JSR
1989, Septerher.
26 Andes, S. 0S AM
Correlation of Wave loads Predicted kw the Extended SHIP140 Cater Program uith
Experiments.
Defence Research Establishment, Atlantic, Tkl-85/218, EMT-69.969,
1985, August.
27 Ardos, S. ER AM
Cushioning of S[anming Impact by Elastomeric Layers.
SWME, JSR, Vet. 33, w 169, BMT-89102301,
1989, September.
2a Andreu, R.N. 0s ER
Frigate Comparative Seakeeping Trials Behaviour in Severe Head Seas.
M#rs:~~eMarine Technology Establishment, Dunfermline, Fifa, Scotlsnd,
I .
35 Antonides, G.P.
A Comwter Program for Structural Response to Ship Slamning (SLAM)
Nava~- Ship Research and Oeveloprent Ckntar Report 4480
1975, July
41 Arntson, S.G.
llu~[ Structures Panel Sunnary Refmrt
Ship of the Future
1990, May.
42 Astley, R.J. ES
Idea[isad MtiaL for Flat Bottomed Ship SLammlng.
University of Canterbury, Christchurch, Neu Zealand
1974, December
44 Aurard, J.D.
On-Water HotIon Reiationshipa Study
RockueLl Intarnetional
1977, January
46 Bales, N.K.
kfinimm freeboard Requirements for Dry Foredecks: A Design Procdure
SNAME STAR Syrpositnn
1979, April
47 Ba~es, tJ. K.
Skming and Deck Uetness Characteristic of a United States Coast Guard Madim Endurance
Cutter ~WEC).
NSRDC
1977, January.
48 Bales, M. K., et al
Seakeeping Characteristic of a Unitad States Coast Guard Buoy Tender
NSRDC, Report SPD-549-03.
1975, September
49 Bates, N. K.; et a~
Seakeeping Characteristics of a United States Maritime Administration Multi~rpose
Mob$\ization Ship
NSRDC. Reoort No”. SPD-P-0855-01
$978, - Augbst
55 Band, E. G.lJ.
calculation of Cushion-Borne Box Irpact Loads on the Jeff-A-Landing Craft
Aerojet General Corporation, Tacmre, WA
1971, AWust 10
56 Band, E.G.U.
predicting the Unpredictable - Development of Rationai Oesign Loads for !iigh Performance
Vessels
Bard, Lavia & Assoc., Inc. High-S~d Surface Craft Exhibition and Conference, Sussex, UK
1980, June.
57 Band, E.G.U. ER
Study of Bow I~act Loads for 100T SES.
Uyte Laboratories, Payne Oivislon, Report Uo. 18008-2,
1969.
68 Bartholomew, R.J. AM
RationaI Dynamic Loads Anaiysis for Atr Cushion Vehicles in Random Seaway or Tarrain.
AIM/SNAHE Advanced Marine Vehicle Conference, Proceedings, San Diego, CA,
1974, February.
69 Bass, R.L.
Dynamic Slosh Induced Loads on Liquid Carao Tank Bu(kheads
SNAME, T&R Report R-19
1975, August.
72 Batterson, S.A. ER
NACA Irpact Basin and Water Larding Teata of a Float Model at Various Va[ocities and
Ueighta.
NACA RDt. ?95
1944. “
74 Beck, R. TR AE
Uotions fn Uaves
Principles of Navat Architecture, v.3., SNAME
1980.
77 Becker, L.A. BS ER
Expimmtal Determination of Pressure and Strain on the BOW Sonar Dame of USS Barry.
W Rpt 1395,
1960.
78 Belenky, L.H. 0s AM
Determination of Loads Causing Oamege to the Hull Bottcm in Slamning.
Sudoatroenie, No. 5,
1981.
79 Belgov, U.V. as
Air Capture Effect on F[exible Plate Approaching to the Rigid Screen.
Trans. of the KSS$ V. 129
t9b9.
80 ‘3elgov, U.V. Bs
Elaatic Plate Impact on Uater With the Effect of Air Capture Being Taken Into Account
Trana. of the KSS, V. 109
7968.
Betgov, U.V.
Experinwntal Investigation of the Fiat Plate Inpact on Uater.
Trans. of the KSS, v. 14S, p. 58-63
1970.
82 Beigova, F!.A. BS TR
A~roximste Determination #lethcd of Resonance and lnpact Berding Moments for Seagoing
Cargo Ships.
~r#a. of the central t4aritima Resaarch aid Design Institute, v. 134, p. 32-48
.
83 Belgova, H.A. 0S OR
Determination of Inmact Bending Moments for Seagoing Cargo Ships
L, Stiostroeniye, N&
1969.
84 Belgova, F4.A. BS DR
Wave Bending Bkments of Vesse[s Qua(ifiad for inland Uateruays Service.
L, Stiostroeniye
1968.
90 Bell, G.E. BS ER
Impact of a Solid S@ere with a FLuid Surface and the Influence of Surface Tension,
Surfaca Layers, and Viscosity on the Phenomenon.
~~#aophicaL Magazine, 48, pp 733-764,
.
91 Benacotter, S.U. 1P
@act Theory of Seaplane Landing.
NACA Technical !tote No. 1437,
1947, October.
92 Seukehnan, U. BS ER
Bottmn Inpact Pressure Due to Forced Oscit[atiori.
fJelft, NetherLands, or ISP, VoL. 27,
1980, Hay.
96 Birmingham, J. T.; at al
Resu{ts of Saakindliness Trials Conducted During Tranait of USNS HAYES [T-AGOR-16) Fuli
Scale Trial frmn Haugesund, Morway to Alexandria, Virginia in Nov. 1972.
NSRDC, Technical Notes SD-173-262
1973, October
97 Birmingham, J. T.; et al ER AM
USNS HAYES Full-Scale Trial Resu[ts ad Correlation of Full-Scale Data with Results of
Model Experiments and lmalYtical Predictions.
NSRDC. Technica[ Uotes.
1984,. JuIY.
148 Bugakov, V. N . BS UR
Analyzing HU1l Bottom Structures for SLarming Effects
Sudostroeni e, N 7
1986.
Chuang, S.L. BS ER
Experimental Investigation of Dynamic Interaction Between Rectangular Elastic Plate and
FIuid during Flat-Bottom S1anTning.
NSRDC Rpt. No. 2411,
1967, June.
Chuang, S.L. BS ER
Experimerita[ Investigation of Rigid F(at Bottmn Body Slamming.
NB Rpt 2041, Sept. 1965; SNAHE, JSR, pp 10-17, 1966, March.
Chuang, S.L. 0S ER
Experiments on Slamning of ship Flat-Bottom Structural Mode[s.
USRDC, Report Ho. 2528,
1968, February.
Chuang, S.L. BS ER
Experiments on Slamming of Uedge-ShapA Bodies.
SNM4E, JSR, No. 3,
1967, September.
Chuang, S.L.
General Considerations in the HathematicaI Modeling for three-dimensional Cmqmter Program
ROSAS3 .
David U. Taylor Navat Ship Research and Development Center, Structural Department Report
Ho. m85
1981, August
181 Chuang, S. L.
Investigation of Impact of Rigid & Elastic Bodies Uith Uater.
NSRDC,
1970.
Chuang, S.1.
Wmwwical Modeling and Cquter Programing for Program ROSAS3
Oavid U. Taylor Naval Ship Research and Devekfment Center, Structura[ Department Report
Ho. m98
1982, September
208 Cointe, R.
Free Surface C[ose to a Surfaca-piercing Body
Mathematical Approaches in Hydrodynamics, SIAM, pp. 319-333
1991
209 Cointa, R. 8s TP
Tuo-Dimensiona~ Fluid-So[id Impact.
UCBark, ME-87-452, ASHE,
1987.
274 Cocmba, A. ER
Ob(ique Uater Entry Of A Cone.
Armemant R & D Establishment,
1956.
238 Dergerabedia~, P. BS
Compressibility Effects During Uater Entry.
NAVORD Rpt 3523, NOTS 1159,
1955
239 Dlllingham, J.
Motion Studies of a Vessel uith Water on Deck
Marine Technology
1981, January.
251 DuCane, P. 0s
PLaning Performance, Pressures and Stresses in a High-Speed Launch.
RINA. No. 9a. .,. gD 469-490.
1956:
Bibliography - Page: 27
Wrt3er Description ~
273 Fatchs, S. BS ER
Slarmning of Flat Bottom Wdias Calculaticms with Exact Frea-Surface Boundary Conditions.
5th International Conference Ilurtericat Ship Hydrodynamics, Proceedings, Hiroshima Japan,
MTi F-12367-AIO, BMT-90013211,
1989, Septenbar.
274 Faltinsen, O.
Hydrodynamic Aspec~s Of Fixed and Floating Of fshora Structures.
Intll Research Sannrtar on Safety of Structures Under Oyrtamic Loading, Trorxiheim, Norway,
VOt. I & 11, MRIS-20 195349,
1977, July.
273 Fa[tinsen, O. TP
Monlineer Theory of sloshing in Rectangular Tanks
Journal of Sh{p Research, Volume 18, No.4
1974, Decenbsr.
288 Ferdinatie, V.
Anatysis of Slamming Phencmena on a Modd of e Cargo Ship in I rregu[er Waves
International Shipkmi lding Progress
1968, November.
289 Ferdinand, V.
Shock Phenomena on a Traw[er
[nternatioriat Shipbi [ding Progress, Votme 15, Ho. 165
1968, Hay.
299 Fujita, A. BS ER
Impact of Circutar Plate Falling Upon a Water Surface.
S14AJ, Journal,
1954.
302 Fuktia, J.
Long-Term Forecast on Deck bletneaa of a Ship in Uaves.
Journal of Society of Naval Architects of Japan, Voturta 124 (Japaneae)
1969.
303 Fukuda, J.
Predicting Long-Term Trends of Oeck Uetness for Ships in Ocean $Lwes.
Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, KYushu University, Vohmta 28, No. 2 (Japanese)
1968.
316 Gennaro, A.
Ship Motions in a Confused Sea
Registro Italiano Nave[e, Genoa, Italy
1970, March.
345 Gran, S.
Statistical Distribution of Local I~act Praasures in Liquid Sloshing.
Morwagian Maritime Research, Voluna 9, Von 2
1981
349 Green, T.
Have Forces on Vertical Ualta.
An Overvieu of Recent Uork with Annotated Bibliography, Dept. of Civil and Environmenta~
Engineering, Univ. of Wisconsin
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351 Greanhow, M. ER AH
Mater-Entry and -Exit of a Horizontal Circuiar Cylirder.
AppliedOcean Research, Vet. 10, BMT-88122900,
1988, October.
352 GreenhoH, M. ER
Uadge Entry Into Initially Calm Uater.
Af@iad Ocean Research, VOL. 9, Mo. 4,
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377 Hanaen, K. E. 0s
Pounding of Shipa and Strengthening of 8ottan Forward.
Shitii lding and Shitming Record. Vol. 45
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378 Hansen, P. F. 6s TP
On Combination of Slarnning - an Uave-[ducad Responses
Journal of Ship Research, Vol. 38 N 2
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386 Hillman, A. ES ER
Vert i ca 1 I ~ct on a Hater Surface By a 60 Degree Cone.
~at~ TabLes Project, M.Y. University
389 Hirano, Y.
Hydrodynamic Inpect of Flexible Spherical Shei 1s ( I I).
Journal of the Japan Society of Aeronautical and Space Sciences, Volume 21, No. 228
(Japanese)
1973
39? Hiratsuka, S.
Navigation Plan and Oata of a Container ship Crossing the Pacific Ocean,
!iiymposiun on Ship Damage and Counterpians, Tokyo, Sponsored by the Society of Nava 1
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393 Hoffman, D.
Analysis of Ship Structural Loading in a Seaway
Webb Institute of Naval Architecture/SNAME (Also in Marine Technology, April 1972).
1971, January.
395 Hoffman, D.
Heavy Heather Damega Avoidanca System (HLDAS) on the S.S. LASH ITALIA.
NMRC, Report No. !fMRC-KP-177
1977, December.
396 Hoffman, D.
Ship Operation in Heavy Heather, Lacture Motes on Heavy Weather Damaga Uarning System.
IJek Institute of Mavai Archit~ture, Glen Cove, NY
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426 Hysing, T.
Loads Relating to s~oshing in Sphericat Tanks.
Det tforske Veritas Seminar on Liquid Sloshing, Oslo, Norway, Paper No. 9
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428 laaacson, M. us
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434 ISSC
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435 ISSC IL
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437 I Ssc
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439 I Ssc
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440 I SSC
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442 lSSC
Novel Design Concepts - SWATH
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446 ISSC us
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461 John, F. TP
Two Dimensional Potentiai Flow Uith a Free Boundary.
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1953, Nover&er.
471 Jones, N.
A Theoretical Stdy of the Dynamic Plastic Behavior of Beams and Plates with
Finita-Deflacti ona.
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473 Jones, N.
Finite-Deflections of a Rigid-Viscoplastic Strain-Hardening Annu~ar Plate Loaded
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474 Jones, M.
Finite-Oaf Iactions of a Simply Supported Rigid-P(astic Annular Plate Loaded Dynamica~ ly.
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476 Jones, N. BS TP AM
Slamming Damage.
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486 Kap[an, P.
Anat Yais and Prediciton of Fiat Bottom S[anrning Imact of Advanced Marine Vehicles in
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487 Kaptan, P.
Analysis and Prediciton of Fiat Bottom S[anwning Inpact of Advanced Marine Vehic(ea in
Uaves.
ISP, V. 34, N 391
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490 Kaplan, P. us TP AM
Inpact Forces on Horizontal Members.
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19?’9, September.
491 Kaplan, P.
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Incident Waves.
Intersociety Advanced Marine Vehicles Conference, Arlington, VA
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502 Kartuzov, E. I.; Rabinovitch, O. N.; Rostovtsev, D. N.; Chipaick, V.A. BS, TH
On the Estimation of Loads Oue to Uave [mpact Into Catamaran Bridge Equipped uith
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506 Kawakami, M. FI
On the Irpact Strength of Ships Due to Shipping Green Seas.
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511 Kawakami, M.; Nobukaua, H.; Tanaka, K.; Michimoto, J.; Shiraki, Y. BS TP
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535 )@elbd, J.
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543 Korsmeyer, F. T. ER
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556 Kurtzemsnn, B.
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564 Lehman, G.
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1973, Hay.
576 Lewison, G.
An Experimental Investigation on the Rote of Air in Ship SLarnIing.
UCBERK, Rpt MA-66-12,
1966, Movenbsr.
581 Lir?demann, K.
Possib[e Uarning Conditions and Systems for Ship Handling in Rough Ueather.
Proceedings of the 2nd International Ship Operation Automation Symposiun, Washington, DC
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594 Loscomk, R. TP AM
Initial Oesign Sta9G Slam PreSSUre Prediction for Smet( SWATH Ships.
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1990, October.
611 Maeda, H. us
Hydrodynamical Forces on a Cross-Section of a Stationary Structure.
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1974, April.
Malliris, A.P.
Prediction of the Generalized Response of a Ship Hull Girder to Slamning.
Msaachusatta lnatitute of Technology, Department of Naval Architecture and Marine
Engineering, Cardmidge, MA
1977, Hay.
625 Mathisen, J.
Loads on Transverse Merhers in Oi~ Carrier Tank
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1976, May.
626 Mathisen, J.
Sloshing Loads due to Random Pitch Motion
No#gian Maritime Research, Vohma 4, NO. 3
.
627 Matoain, S.
sm.? Aspects of Uave Impact on Ships.
Translation of a paper in Proca4ings of Synpsiun on the Theory and Practice of ,
Shipbuilding, Zagreb, Yugosiavie, Volwne 1, Ho. 1
1976, January 29-30.
635 McCaLhan, J.
Structural Developments in Lsrge Energy Carriers.
Uest European Conference on Marine Technology, Delft
1974, May 14-17.
658 Mi(oh, T. IL TP AM
wave Siam on a SDhere Penetrating a Free-Surface
L&ng Math, v.15, #3.
660 Mi[witzky, B,
A Theoraticai Invest! gatlon of Hvdrodvnamic Impact Loada on Scalioped Bottcm Seaplanes and
Comparisons with Expe~ient. -
NACA. RDt MO. 86?.
1947: ‘
641 Miluitzky, B. 3s TP AM
Generalized Theory for Seaplane Inpact.
NACA, TR 1103,
1952.
662 Minami, Y.
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674 Mori, K.
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679 Mu(tiple
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681 Multip[e
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682 Multiple
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687 Nsgai, T. 8s
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805 Raff , A. 1.
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Fatigua Tests of Specimens Cut Out frctn the Stiffened Aluminun Alloy Plates Damaged by
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881 SNAME
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