III.

PHILIPPINE EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM Aims:

 Full realization of the democratic ideals and way of life
Education during the Pre-Spanish Period  Promotion of equal educational oppurtunities for all
Aims: For Survial, Conformity, and Enculturation Contents:
Contents: Informal Ecuation, Religion-oriented  Social orientation as manifested by the conservation of the Filipino
Methods: Tell me and show me, observation, trial and error. heritage.
Education during the Spanish Period  Training for occupation
Aim: To propagate Christianity  Promotion of democratic nation building
Contents: Religious Education, Vocational courses  A new thrust on community development
Methods: Dictation and memorization Education During the New Society (1972-1986)
 The vernacular was used as the medium of instruction in the Aims: For National development
parochial schools.  Curricular changes in Elementary Education
 The religious orders introduced the parochial school. a) Focused on the 3Rs
 Education is suppressed, exclusive (for the elite), and inadequate. b) Integration of values in all learning areas
Education during the American Period c) Emphasis on mastery learning
Aim: To teach democracy as a way of life.  Curricular changes in Secondary Education
Methods: Socialized recitation, Student’s participation. a) Increased in time allotment
Contents: Reading, writing, arithmetic, language, GMRC, civics, hygiene b) YDT and CAT introduced as new courses
and sanitation, gardening, domestic science, American History and
Philippine History.
 Formal Education was established
 Education during the Commonwealth Period (1935-1942)
Aims: (as provided for in the 1935 Constitution)
 To develop moral character, personal discipline, civic conscience and
vocational efficiency
 To teach the duties of citizenship
 To continue the promotion of democratic ideals and way of life
Content: Character education and citizenship training
 Education under the Commonwealth helps prepare for the coming
independence of a new Filipino nation.

Education During the Japanese Era (1943-45)

Aims:
To strive for the diffusion of the Japanese language in the Philippines and to
terminate the use of English language in schools to stress the dignity of
manual labor.
Contents: Vocational, Technical, Agriculture, Values rooted on love for
labor, physical physical education and singing Japanese songs,
health/vocational education.
Education During the Republic (1943-1972)