Fall2009 - FinalTerm - PAK301 by Sarfraz MP

FINALTERM EXAMINATION
Fall 2009
PAK301- Pakistan Studies (Session - 3)
Ref No:
Time: 120 min
Marks: 73
Student Info
StudentID:
Center: OPKST
ExamDate: 2/24/2010 12:00:00 AM
For Teacher's Use Only

Q 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total
No.
Marks
Q No. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Marks
Q No. 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Marks
Q No. 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
Marks
Q No. 33 34 35
Marks
Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
What does the abbreviation OIC stand for?
► Organization of Intelligence Community
► Organization of Islamic Countries
► Organization of International Community
► Organization of Islamic Communities

What is the annual growth rate of population of Pakistan according to the
last census?
► 3.06 percent
► 3.10 percent
► 2.61 percent
► 2.80 percent

When did the Central Asian States become independent?
► In the year 1990

On which issue Jinnah left the Congress in 1920?
► On the issue of representation
► On the issue of Non-Cooperation

► On the issue of Separate Electorate
► On the issue of minority rights

When the Banks were nationalized in Pakistan?

When the system of Local government was abolished from Pakistan?
► In 1977
► In 1979
► In 1981
► In 1983

Which party formed the government in N.W.F.P after the elections of 1937?
► Unionist Party
► Khudai Khidmat gar party
► United Party
► Muslim League
When did Iqbal present his famous Allahabad Address?
► December 30, 1930
► November 30, 1930
► October 30, 1930
► September 30, 1930

For what purpose Gandhi-Jinnah Talks held in September, 1944?
► To accept or reject the proposals of Cripps Mission
► To settle the political disputes of Muslim League and Congress
► To solve the problems of minorities in India
► To planned on the division of India if British quit

When did the Hindus start Quit India Movement?
► In August, 1944
► In August, 1942
► In September, 1944
► In March, 1942

Who did present The Objective Resolution 1949?
► Liaqat Ali Khan
► Chudri Rahmat Ali
► Muhammad Ali Bogra
► Khawja Nazimud Din

What was the reaction of Non-Muslims on The Objectives Resolution?
► Highly appreciated by the non-Muslims
► Highly condemned by the non-Muslims
► No response was given
► None of these

What does BPC stand for?
► Basic Primary Constitution
► Basic Parliament Commission
► Basic Permanent Committee
► Basic Principle Committee

In which magazine Sir Syed focused on socio-cultural issues and problems
of the Indian Muslims?
► Risala-i-Asbab-i-Baghawat-i-Hind
► Loyal Muhammadans of India
► Ahkam-i-Tawam Ahlil Kitaab
► Tehzib-ul- Akhlaq

What was the basic objective of the appointment of Mountbatten as Viceroy
in 1947?
► To prolong British rule in India
► Because he was a good administrator
► To wind up the British rule in India
► Because he was affiliated with Congress

What does the term "Ghost School" Stand for?
► Number of schools exist on papers only

► It is a myth only
► Where Ghosts live
► None of them

What does PIDC stand for?
► Pakistan international Development Corporation

► Pakistan Intelligence Development Committee
► Pakistan Industrial Development Committee
► Pakistan Industrial Development Corporation

How many percent Pakistan inherited industrial infrastructure from
India in 1947?
► 5%
► 4%
► 7%
► 3%

When did Industrial Development Bank establish in Pakistan?
► 1970
► 1950
► 1949
► 1961

In which Constitution of Pakistan “Political Parties Act” was passed?
► The Constitution of 1956
► The Objectives Resolution

Which Act was introduced at the time of Pakistan's establishment?
► Interim constitution of Pakistan
► Indian Independence Act of 1947
► Government of India Act, 1935

When was the First BPC Report presented to the Constituent Assembly
of Pakistan?
► In, 1950
► In, 1951
► In, 1952
► In, 1953

Who took the responsibility of framing the constitution of Pakistan after
the death of Quaid-e-Azam?
► Khawaja Nazimuddine
► Hussain Shahid Suhrawardy
► Iskander Mirza
► Liaquat Ali Khan

When did the Indian Army invade East Pakistan?
► In December 1971
► In November, 1971
► In August, 1971

What was the status of the Constitution of 1973 from1977-1985?
► Suspended
► Operational
► Operational with amendments
► Operational after changes
When the powers of the president were increased under the Constitution of
1973?
► In, 1973
► In, 1977
► In, 1985
► In, 1988
Question No: 27 ( Marks: 3 )

Describe Fundamental Rights under the 1956 Constitution?

In recent geopolitical scenario what role Pakistan's foreign policy should
perform?
In the recent geopolitical scenario Pakistan foreign policy should be
clear to all other countires that we have our own representation in the
world.We will not allow anybody to break foreign policy rulesin any
condition.We should stick to our foreign policy and we will not compromise
on our soverignity.It should be same for friends and also veto power to
follow our rules.

How can we improve our agriculture sector. Give your opinion shortly?
Agriculture is the basic and important part for any country
economy.By improving agricultural methods and productivity we can build
our strong economy.We need to use latest equipments,effective agro-
medicens and improved water resources.In this developed we have resources
to make our land suitable for agriculture.We can use latest equipment to get
good crop in short time increase quantity.Govt can provide easy resources to
farmer so that they can access advance methods to produce good crop.
Write down a very short note on Kamal Ataturk.
Kamal Ataturk was the president and founder of turkey and a
revolutionary army officer in the history.

What do you know about the process of Industrialization?
Industrialization is key success to economic
development and overall prosperity without it no economy can stand grow.It
is the same like backbone in any economy.It is the basis of modernization
and development of the state.Industrialization helps the international
position of a state.
Industry and technology go together it enhance trade and safe foreign
exchange it brigns safe reliance for any nation and most important for
agriculture.It effects egricultural sector directly and totally depends on the
strong industrialization.It improves the quality of life help in overcome
povert and provide good eployement.Industrilization has close relevence
with the defence and security of the country.If we need to measure any
country power and position in internation we can guess it from the stronge
and stable industrialization.

What is mean by One House Parliament?
National assembly was the only house of parliament having a
membership of 300mens and 10 women seats.Principle of party was
observed for representation method of direct election was adopted for
general seats.
Al legislative powers were rested with national assembly president
should return reject or sign the bill regarding monority bills of ordinary
expenditure NA had all powers but they coulf not vote on consolidate fund
list.
Salries of president,judges and fedral services NA could control the
exectives.

How do you explain "Diversity in the nature of Territory" of Pakistan?
Pakistan is the state where we can found every thing
including high mountain long rivers and vast deserts.If we will go in the
north –west we can find high mountain loaded with white heay snow
through out the year and strongly supporting plans in water resources and
thier height is reaching the sky.We have high altitude mountains of K2 and
Nanga perbut cover the big area of north-west.
If we will go to west we can find Baluchistan and middle height
mountains and high plotos with dry mountain.Here is a little small rainfall
occurs in the season mostly it is dry area.
Main agricultural area are running along with the Indus rivers in
Indus vally and producing enough crop for whole country.
If we will move forward to the east coast we can find big land of
pothohar in upper plan.
In the south we can find desert of thar covering larg area of land and
produces red sands with strong heat can not ignored and also the beauty of
any counry.The summers season is very hot in this region and hot air moves
sand from one place to another.

Why Pakistan Ranks Low In Literacy and how it can be improved?
For any country stability and development literacy is the basic

and most important thing.Litracy rate should be high to put country on the
way of developed countries.Unfortunatly,Pakistan is in the list low literate
country.But,we are producing quality engineers,high qualifies doctors and
good mangers.Still we need more improvement in this sector to take our
country in high rank country.
To improve our literacy rate we need to take some strong step in

which we need strong support from government.First of all we need to make
a strategy for highiring a good educated teachers.Our first focus should be
on our childs.We need to swap old strategy with new latest and improve way
of learning.In this way internet can help us very well.It should be accessible
to all.We need to improve our HEC(Higher Education Commission)
strategy.HEC should conduct open seminar for all students and explain all
the possible things that can be helpful to improve our educational level.They
should bring scholarships for students and should be accessible for all and
publish adds on all media.Scholarship eligibility criteria should be defined to
all so that it could be reachable to all.HEC can perform a great role to make
our new generation educated and to overcome poverty.

Highlight the important features of the Constitution of 1962?
Constitution of 1962 was the second constitution of Pakistan

and it was applicable upto 1958.Militry took on 7 oct 1958 and consequently
Ayub Khan became chief marshal law administrator.
Features of Consitution.
1. Titile of the state:public and Islamic republic
2. Presidential system:Powerful president who was responsible for
sdministration and affair of the state.He should be a muslim with
atleat 40yr of age.should be coliffied and member of NA.He
would be elected through indirect elections for a period of
5yrs.NA was given the power to impeach the president however
it was hard to achieve.If he has held office for more than 8yr he
could elect re-election after the approval of NA an PA.
3. Power of the president:Presedent was the focal point of all the
legislative and judicial power.Cabinet was responsible to him.
4. NA was consisted of one house on the basis of principal of party
between two wings of the country.There were 150 seat plus 6
seats for womens.
5. Financial Powers:Financial powers were not enough for NA and
only new expenditure could be voted
6. Ferdalism:There were two provinces for the fedration(Eas
pak&west pak)
7. Legislative powers:NA had all the powers to law making but law
to be finaled by president
8. Principal policy:Islam would be the religion and implemented to
day to day life.
9. Political parties:Originally political parties not allowed but after
act they allowed.
10.Islamic provisons:Objective resolution was the prerequisite for
the consitutions.
…………………………………………………
Fall 2008
Time: 120 min
Marks: 75
Student Info
StudentID: Moona
Center: OPKST
ExamDate: 2/18/2009 12:00:00 AM

Q 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total
No.
Marks
Q No. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Marks
Q No. 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Marks
Q No. 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
Marks
Q No. 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Marks
What kind of political system Pakistan has?
► Federal System
► Parliamentary system
► Presidential system
► None of these

Which constitutional body in Pakistan enjoys only advisory capacity?
► National Assembly
► Senate
► National Security Council
► Supreme Court
Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) http://www.vustudents.net - Please choose one

When did Yahya Khan impose 2nd Martial Law in Pakistan?
► On March 23, 1969
► On October 16, 1969
► On March 25, 1969
► On December, 25 1969

When the Joint Electorate was adopted for all Pakistan by the National Assembly?
► 1954
► 1955
► 1956
► 1957
When was the First BPC Report presented to the Constituent Assembly of
Pakistan?
► In, 1950
► In, 1951
► In, 1952
► In, 1953

What task was assigned to “Shahabuddine Commission” set up in 1960?
► To hold presidential Referendum in the country

http://www.vustudents.net
► To examine the causes of failure of parliamentary system
► To give legal shape to the constitution of 1956
► To introduce Basic Democracy system in Pakistan

When did Ayub Khan abrogate the Constitution of 1956?
► 8th June, 1958
► 14th August, 1958
► 23rd March, 1958
► 7th October, 1958

When the Constitution of 1956 was promulgated?
► 8th June, 1956
► 23rd March, 1956

► 1st July, 1956

What does PIDC stand for? http://www.vustudents.net


What is the main cause of low literacy rate in Pakistan?
► Poverty
► Shortage of economic resources
► Poor infrastructure
► All of them

How many large states were there in India on the verge of the partition of India?
► 555
► 560
► 565
► 550
Who launched a movement for the Muslim tenant against the Hindu landlords?
► Sardar Abdur Rab Nishtar
► Maulana Bhashani
► Maulana Azad Hussain
► Khizer Hayat Tiwana

What does BPC stand for? http://www.vustudents.net
► Basic Principle Committee

Who did present The Objective Resolution 1949?
► Liaqat Ali Khan
► Chudri Rahmat Ali
► Muhammad Ali Bogra
► Khawja Nazimud Din

On which date The Objectives Resolution 1949 was approved?
► March 12, 1949
► March 13, 1949
► March 14, 1949
► March 15, 1949

Which industry the city Sialkot is famous for?
► Cotton industry
► Sugar industry
► Chemical industry
► Sports' item industry

When did Iqbal deliver lectures on Islam in Aligarh, Hyderabad and Madras?
► In, 1930
► In, 1928
► In, 1927
► In, 1926

"A Muslim intellectual who left a deep impact on history. He inspired Muslims of the
Sub-Continent and beyond. He infused a moving spirit and identity in the Indian
Muslims. He presented a framework of their political future and talked how that would
help to achieve the goal of Ummah".
Whom this text belongs to?
► Quaid-e-Azam
► Allama Iqbal
► Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
► Ch. Rehmat Ali

When the Banks were nationalized in Pakistan?

When did Kamal Atta Turk turn out to be the head of state of Turkey?
► In October, 1922
► In March, 1924
► In March, 1922

When did the Ottoman Empire or Khilafat-e- Usmania end in Turkey?
► In March, 1922
► In March, 1924
► In March, 1919
► In March, 1923

Who took the revenge of Jallianwala Bagh incident by killing the Governor Punjab Sir
Michael O, Dayer?
► Baghat Singh
► Ram Muhammad Azad Singh
► Ranjit Singh
► Ghazi Ilam Din Shaheed

Which mineral resource is used for the production of steel?
► Iron Ore
► Chromites
► Sulphur
► Gypsum
What is the share of agriculture to Pakistan’s Gross Domestic Product?
► About 25 percent

What was the main objective of the Land Reforms in Pakistan?
► To reduce the size of the individual land holdings
► To strengthen the position and to provide facilities to the tenants
► To strengthen and improve inputs to agriculture
► All the above
Question No: 26 ( Marks: 1 ) http://www.vustudents.net - Please choose one

What is the total length of Pakistan’s coastal area?
► 600 miles
► 450 miles
► 1600 miles
► 1200 miles

In which year the province of Sind was created?
Sind is a former province of British India from 1936 to 1947 and Pakistan from 1947 to
1955
► In 1901
► In 1935
► In 1970
► In1954

Which country accepted Pakistan's existence as an independent and sovereign state
first?
► Iran
► Syria
► Turkey
► Labia

Which state is not the member of RCD and ECO?
► Iran
► Turkey
► Pakistan
► Jordon

Sovereignty, state survival, territorial integrity, military security arrangements,
bilateral and multilateral relations, all are the features of___________________
► International Relations
► World Politics
► Foreign Policy
► Diplomacy

What was the issue of Separate or Joint Electorate in the begining years of
Pakistan?
Separate or Joint Electorate:

Separate electorate was adopted on the demand of Muslims in 1909 by the British Government.
But the minorities did not favor this after independence. Religious elements supported this as a
part of heritage.
East: decided for Joint Electorate.
West: Separate electorate.
1957: Joint Electorate was adopted for all Pakistan by the National Assembly.

Why population figures are important?
Population figures are important for Planning and development, Socio-economic development and
poverty alleviation etc.

Very shortly emphasize on the Cottage Industry of Pakistan
Cottage Industry of Pakistan:

Industries established on small scale, involving a household or small number of people, use of
limited resources, having less investment are called small or cottage industries e.g., Carpets,
sports goods, toys, power or handlooms, handicraft etc.

Draw attention to Pakistan's Neighborhoods
Neighborhoods of Pakistan:
Pakistan is located in strategically important region. It is the center of global interests. For all the
big powers like China and Russia it is important. U.S maintains interests to keep an eye on both
China and Russia. It is on the gateway of Central Asian Muslim States through Afghanistan. On
the other side of it is the outer region of the Gulf region having rich oil resources and economic
wealth. Pakistan has close brotherly ties with these states. Now the pipelines of oil and gas are
planning to be passed through Pakistan. It will be a new start of economic cooperation in the
region.

What kind of nature/character Pakistan's nuclear policy has?
Nuclear Policy:
Pakistan has been champion of peaceful uses of nuclear technology. Pakistan avoided nuclear
explosions despite having the knowledge and capability of processing Plutonium, Uranium. It was
only for the sake of deterrence and reaction to India’s nuclear explosions.

Highlight the “Shahabuddine Commission” set up by Ayub Khan in 1960?
Shahabuddine Commission:
This commission was set up by Ayub Khan in 1960.The tasks assigned to the Commission were:
(A) To examine the causes of failure of Parliamentary system.
(B) Recommend a new system keeping in view the
(1) Genius of people
(2) Standard of education
(3) Internal conditions of the country
(4) Need of development

Write a short note on the "PIRPUR REPORT"(1938)?
The Pirpur Report:

On March 28, 1938, the Council of ML appointed an eight-member committee under the president
ship of Raja Syed Muhammad Mehdi of Pirpur that presented its report on, November 15, 1938. It
tried to dig out the cruelties of the Congress ministries in seven provinces. The report took up the
Congress support to the rival Muslim organizations, intimidation and threats to the pro-Muslim
League people.

What kind of objections were raised by the Non-Muslims on The Objectives
Resolution 1949?
Objections by Non-Muslims on The Objectives Resolution:

The major objection by the Non-Muslims was that the government was trying to mix the religion
and politics that was against the spirit of democracy. The non-Muslims objected on the
‘Sovereignty of Allah’ and ‘minorities’ rights, saying it would promote inequality in the society.
They were also of view that Shariah was not adequate for the modern time. They feared that it
would encourage the religious extremists to work for the establishment of a ‘theocratic state.’

How do you analyze Pakistan’s internal political development (1972-2008)?
Answer should be inclusive
Recently the Politics of Pakistan has taken place in the framework of a federal republic,
where the system of government has at times been parliamentary, presidential, or semi-
presidential. In the current semi-presidential system , the President of Pakistan is the
head of state, the Prime Minister is head of government, and there is a multi party
system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is largely
vested in the Parliament. http://www.vustudents.net
Pakistan has been under the influence of its military almost since it was founded. The
Intelligence agencies have a huge role in the politics since the beginning in making and
breaking the political parties. The president, in keeping with the constitutional provision
that the state religion is Islam, must be a Muslim. Elected for a five-year term by an
Electoral College consisting of members of the Senate and National Assembly and
members of the provincial assemblies, the president is eligible for reelection. But no
individual may hold the office for more than two consecutive terms. The president may
resign or be impeached and may be removed from office for incapacity or gross
misconduct by a two-thirds vote of the members of the parliament. The president
generally acts on the advice of the prime minister but has important residual powers.
One of the most important--a legacy of Zia--is contained in the Eighth Amendment
which gives the president the power to dissolve the National Assembly "in his discretion
where, in his opinion . . . a situation has arisen in which the Government of the
Federation cannot be carried on in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution
and an appeal to the electorate is necessary." The Thirteenth Amendment which was
passed in 1997, revoked this power. In December 2003, the President's power was
partially restored by the Seventeenth Amendment. In April 2004, the Presidency's
influence was augmented by an Act of Parliament that established the National Security
Council, a body chaired by the President.
The prime minister is appointed by the members of the National Assembly through a
vote. The prime minister is assisted by the Federal Cabinet, a council of ministers whose
members are appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister. The
Federal Cabinet comprises the ministers, ministers of state, and advisers. As of early
1994, there were thirty-three ministerial portfolios: commerce; communications;
culture; defence; defence production; education; environment; finance and economic
affairs; food and agriculture; foreign affairs; health; housing; information and
broadcasting; interior; Kashmiri affairs and Northern Areas; law and justice; local
government; minority affairs; narcotics control; parliamentary affairs; petroleum and
natural resources production; planning and development; railways; religious affairs;
science and technology; social welfare; special education; sports; state and frontier
regions; tourism; water and power; women's development; and youth affairs.
Syed Makhdoom Yousaf Raza Gilani (born June 9, 1952) is the 26th and current Prime
Minister of Pakistan. He was previously Speaker of the National Assembly (1993-1997)
and a Federal Minister (1985-1986, 1989-1990). Gilani is Vice-Chairman of the Pakistan
Peoples Party (PPP).
He was nominated as Prime Minister by the PPP, with the support of its coalition
partners, Pakistan Muslim League (N), Awami National Party, Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F)
and Muttahida Qaumi Movement, on 22 March 2008. He took the oath of office from
President Pervez Musharraf on 25 March 2008. Gilani is the first elected Prime Minister
of Pakistan from the Saraiki-speaking belt. Gilani's political journey began during
General Zia-ul-Haq's martial law in 1978. He joined the Central Working Committee of
the Pakistan Muslim League (PML). He was also a cabinet member in the three-year
government of Prime Minister Muhammad Khan Junejo, and served as Minister of
Housing and Works from April 1985 to January 1986 and as Railways Minister from
January 1986 to December 1986.
After a short stint with the Muslim League, Gilani joined the Pakistan Peoples Party
(PPP) in 1988. In the Benazir Bhutto government of 1988-1990, he was Minister of
Tourism from March 1989 to January 1990 and Minister of Housing and Works from
January 1990 to August 1990. Later, under another Bhutto government, he became
Speaker of the National Assembly in October 1993, serving in that post until February
1997.
He has been elected various times as the Member of National Assembly from Multan. In
the 2008 general election, he beat Pakistan Muslim League (Q) (PML-Q) leader Sikandar
Hayat Bosan..
Gilani escaped an assassination attempt on September 3, 2008,when unidentified

gunmen fired shots at his motorcade near the garrison city of Rawalpindi, officials said.
The shooting occurred shortly after Gilani was returning from an official visit to the
eastern city of Lahore. His motorcade was going to Islamabad from the high-security
Chaklala military airbase in Rawalpindi. A spokesman for the Prime Minister's House said
Gilani and members of his staff had escaped unhurt and were safe.He said police had
been put on high alert and an investigation launched into the incident. The unidentified
assailants fired at Gilani's motorcade on a highway. At least two shots hit the Prime
Minister's bulletproof vehicle, TV channels quoted officials as saying. State-run PTV
beamed footage of the damage caused by the bullets to the window of the driver's door
of the vehicle. Reports said the incident occurred at a spot where former premier and
PML-N chief Nawaz Sharif's motorcade was fired at on December 27 last year, shortly
before Pakistan People's Party (PPP) chairperson Benazir Bhutto was assassinated in a
suicide bombing in Rawalpindi.
According to Gillani's press secretary, Zahid Bashir, a car carrying Gillani was hit by two
bullets in an attack near Islamabad on September 3, 2008; Bashir said that Gillani was
unharmed. The Pakistani Taliban claimed responsibility for the attack.
Asif Ali Zardari (born 26 July 1955) is the 11th and current President of Pakistan and the
Co-Chairman of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP). Zardari is the widower of Benazir
Bhutto, who twice served as Prime Minister of Pakistan. When his wife was assassinated
in December 2007, he became the leader of the Pakistan People's Party. He is one of the
top five richest men in Pakistan with an estimated net worth of US$1.8 billion (2005).
Benazir Bhutto was assassinated on 27 December 2007, shortly after returning to

Pakistan from exile. On 30 December 2007, Asif Ali Zardari became the co-chairman of
the PPP, along with his son Bilawal Bhutto Zardari, who is currently studying at Oxford.
Bilawal is intended to fully assume the post when he completes his education.
After the assassination of Benazir Bhutto, Zardari reaffirmed his lack of interest in the
prime ministership. Chairman Zardari and Mian Nawaz Sharif, leader of the PML-N,
along with some smaller political parties, joined forces in an electoral coalition that won
a heavy majority in the elections and unseated Musharraf's ruling Pakistan Muslim
League-Q (PML-Q). After the election, he called for a government of national unity, and
divided cabinet portfolios among coalition partners on proportionate basis. Asif Ali
Zardari and former Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif said on 21 February 2008 that
their parties would work together in the national parliament after scoring big wins in the
election. On 5 March 2008, Zardari was cleared of five corruption charges as part of a
court ruling which "abolished the cases against all public office holders",including
corruption and illegal use of property under NRO, the National Reconciliation
Ordinance. He had another trial on the remaining charges on 14 April 2008, when he
was cleared under the same NROOn 19 April 2008, Zardari announced in a press
conference in London that he and his sister, Faryal Talpur, would participate in the by-
elections taking place on 3 June and that, if necessary, he would contest to become the
country's next Prime Minister, even though his party voted by a 2/3 majorityto
announce that Yousaf Raza Gillani would be the PM for a five year term.

What are the main reasons behind Pakistan's low literacy rate?
Reasons behind Pakistan's low literacy rate:
Education is a right; not a privilege. Being a free citizen every individual has the right to live, speak, write etc.
It is the prime responsibility of a government to ensure that all citizens get the basic fundamental rights of
citizen at their doorstep.
History has witnesses that no nation has been able to accelerate in terms of development without
considering these aims as pre-requisites. Education is one of these basic rights that provide a tool for
development to nations. Pakistan is one of the developing countries that is thriving for improvement in this
area. Each and every government has launched a stream of five year plans that were arranged so as to fulfill
the Millennium Development goals.
However all resulted in vain since there was no or meager improvement in this regard. A lower literacy rate
is an outcome despite such acts. Since the inception, education is the most neglected area and the situation
did not improve despite of taken measure to educate people. Even there is a large population who did not
receive basic education. It was 15 years back, the government allotted 2.6 % of the G.D.P for the progression
of education however, to add injury to an insult, it was limited to 1.8% and the situation got worst.
There are other developing nations like Turkey which allot most of its G.D.P to Education department,
Pakistan ignored this department. With such non serious attitude towards Education, and there remain a
dearth of well -educated and skillful individuals. Among the SAARC Nations, Pakistan is at the sixth and at
the 159 th position among the 174 World countries. According to a Government Official Report, the literacy
rate in Pakistan is 34 % which is doubtful.
The lower literacy rate is said to be an outcome of greater population, poverty and unemployment; however
it cannot be justified since there are other countries like Vietnam, Cambodia, India, Kenya etc where the
advancement in literacy rate was observed despite of such factors. Take another example, Sri Lanka, a fellow
SAARC Nation enjoys the same per annum income as Pakistan however it has 90 % literacy rate. It is said
that about 2 Crore, 2 Lacks children are yet to get enrolled at Primary level. The present situation in
education imparting institution is more than worst.
Take an example government schools 54% of our population never went to school. About 46 % are enrolled
in Public schools. Most of these schools have large premises however lacked the facilities of electricity, water
and sanitation. Even some are ghost schools and don't even exist yet the funds are utilized by the authorized
personals. People unsatisfied with such situation of Public schools, can not admit their wards to Private
schools since the tuition fees are quite high as compared to public schools.
Education has been converted into a fruitful business and we can find a number of Private schools located in
the same area within short distances. These schools are opened in small bungalows which are rental and do
not suit to a standard school premise. Another drawback is that the Private schools are limited to urban
areas and these have no presence in rural areas. Another noticeable point is that a good number of
population is admitted to Madarsas ;which are institutions of Islamic religious teachings. These offer free
teaching so where there is inflation all around, people find it as a blessing in disguise.
The Government fund is not properly utilized due to the absence of basic and prerequisite strategy. This has
lead to downfall in education and slow progress in literacy rate in Pakistan In short, we are not utilizing our
resources to our potential. It is this inadequate utilization that is the root cause of downfall in literacy rate.
PAK301-- Pakistan Studies

Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan joined the ECO
(renamed of RCD) later on. Which one of the following joined it first?
► Pakistan, Iran, Turkey

► Pakistan, Egypt, Iran
► Turkey, Egypt, Pakistan
► Iran, Turkey, Egypt
In which city the Second OIC conference 1974 was held?
► Cairo
► Makah
► Rabat
► Lahore

Who did initiate the notion of Two Nation Theory?
► Quaid-e-Azam
► Allama Iqbal
► Maulana Abdul Kalam Azad

In which document Muslims' demand of Separate Electorate was accepted?
► Rowlett Act
► Lucknow Pact
► Nehru Report
► Fourteen Points

Who did lead The Simla Delegation?
► Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk
► Sir Agha Khan
► Wiqar-ul-Mulk

How many seats, in the provincial assembly elections 1946, Muslim League won in Bengal
Province?
► 79 out of 86 seats
Who did move the resolution in Delhi Convention for a separate state?
► Hussain Shaheed Suharwardy
► Quaid-e-Azam M. A. Jinnah
► Sardar Abdurrab Nishtar

When did the govt conduct last census in Pakistan?
► In 1991
► In 2001
► In 1998
► In 2004

Which element is used for atomic power generation?
► Platinum
► Uranium
► Lithium
► Potassium

When did Zial-ul-Haq impose third martial law in Pakistan?
► On July, 5 1979
► On July, 5 1977
► On April, 4 1979
► On April, 4 1977

When the Principle of Usher or agricultural tax was introduced on agricultural production?
► In 1981
► In 1984
► In 1983
► In 1985

Why did the Congress Ministries resign in 1939?
► Because there was agitation by Muslim League
► The British government pressurized the ministries to resign
► The British declared war on behalf of India without consulting Congress
► There were organizational problems in Congress Party

► October 30, 1930

► None of these

Basic Primary Constitution
Basic Parliament Commission
Basic Permanent Committee
Basic Principle Committee

In which year Jinnah declared Urdu as the National Language of Pakistan?
1947
1948
1949
1950

What is meant by Distance Education?
Education through phone
Education through post mail
Education through TV and Internet
All of them


► None of them

In which year Industrial Development Board was formed in Pakistan?
► 1960
► 1958
► 1950
► 1948

What is the minimum age of the president of Pakistan according to the Constitution of 1956?
► 45 years
► 40 years
► 50 years
► 35 years

Which Constitution of Pakistan is described as the presidential type constitution?

Which constitutional document is described as Magna Carta in the constitutional history of
Pakistan?
► The Objectives Resolution 1949

When did Muhammad Ali Bogra become the Prime Minister of Pakistan?
► In April, 1953
► In August, 1955

► In August, 1971

When did Balouchistan become a full fledged province of Pakistan?
► In 1968
► In 1969
► In 1970
► In 1971

How many seats were captured by Pakistan Peoples Party in the general elections of 1970?
► 81 seats
► 160 seats
► 162 seats
► 138 seats
When did the Second Basic Principles Committee present its final report?
► In December, 1952
► In August, 1952
► In April, 1952

When the four provinces of West Pakistan were amalgamated into One Unit?
► In August, 1955
► In March, 1955

► 1954
► 1955
► 1956
► 1957

What is the original strength of National Assembly now in Pakistan?
► 300 members
► 320 members
► 342 members
► 345 members

Define Constitution?

How many seasons are there in Pakistan?

What is Koh-e-Malik Siah?
In recent geopolitical scenario what role Pakistan's foreign policy should perform?

Define agriculture and its role in any country’s prosperity

Write note on Islamic Research Institute under the 1962 Constitution?

Write a short not on Pakistan's Papulation and its features?

What were the Islamic Provisions introduced in the Constitution of 1962?

Elucidate Pakistan’s relations with the world in detail?

Comment on the importance of Education and why Pakistan’s position is low down in
Literacy?

Write down the partition process for Bengal?
ANS: The Partition of Bengal in 1947 divided Bengal into the two separate entities of
West Bengal belonging to India, and East Bengal belonging to Pakistan. This was part of
the Partition of India and officially took place during August 14-August 15, 1947. East
Bengal was renamed East Pakistan, and later became the independent nation
of Bangladeshafter the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971.

What did Muslim gain from the Lucknow Pact?
ANS: The most significant achievement of this pact for the Muslims was that for
the first time the Congress had recognized the Muslim League as a
representative body of the Muslims of the sub-continent and they were granted
separate electorates in the provincial as well as in Imperial Legislative Council.

Write a short note on The Quit India Movement 1942?
ANS: The Quit India Movement (Bharat Chhodo Andolan or the August Movement)
was a civil disobedience movement launched in India in August 1942 in response
to Mohandas Gandhi's call for immediate independence. Gandhi hoped to bring
the British government to the negotiating table. Almost the entire Indian National
Congress leadership, and not just at the national level, was put into confinement less
than twenty-four hours after Gandhi's speech, and the greater number of the Congress
leaders were to spend the rest of World War II in jail...

Explain the Evolution of Two-Nation Theory in the Subcon?
ANS: The Two-Nation Theory was the basis for the Partition of India in 1947. It stated
that Muslims and Hindus were two separate nations by every definition, and therefore
Muslims should have an autonomous homeland in the Muslim majority areas of British
India for the safeguard of their political, cultural, and social rights, within or without a
United India.
The Two-Nation Theory is the ideology that the primary identity of Muslims in
the Indian subcontinent is their religion, rather than their language or ethnicity, and
therefore Indian Hindus and Muslims are two distinct nationalities, regardless of ethnic
or other commonalities.This Theory was a founding principle of the Pakistan
Movement (i.e. the Ideology of Pakistan), and the Partition of India in 1947.

What were Delhi Muslim Proposals? Discuss in detail.?
ANS: http://www.vustudents.net
Important Muslim leaders on the initiative of the Quaid met in Delhi to discuss
constitutional and political issues. The major demands were:
_ Punjab and Bengal: statuary Muslim majorities
_ No Weightage in provinces
_ Sind to be separated from Bombay
_ Constitutional Reforms in NWFP
_ One-third seats for Muslims in Central Legislature
_ On communal issues, no law will be passed if three-fourth members of the
concerned community oppose it.
If these demands are accepted, they will give up ‘separate electorate.’ Subsequently,
the Muslim
League was divided in the Punjab, Shafi League and Jinnah League. Sir Muhammad Shafi
opposed Jinnah on the issues:
_ Separate electorate
_ Attitude towards the Simon Commission. Jinnah continued his unremitting efforts
to promote Hindu-Muslim unity.

Write a very short note on Pakistan National Movement in 1940?
ANS: The Pakistan Movement refers to the independence movement of Pakistan
from the British Indian empire and its emergence as a sovereign country. It has its
origins in the United Provinces of Agra and Oudh. The movement was led by
lawyer Muhammad Ali Jinnah and such leaders as Allama Iqbal, Liaqat Ali Khan, Fatima
Jinnah,Bahadur Yar Jung, Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar, Huseyn Shaheed
Suhrawardy, A.K. Fazlul Huq, and Sardar Abdur Rab Nishtar, Sir Ziauddin Ahmed.

What were the main points of Lucknow Pact?
ANS: The main clauses of the Lucknow Pact were:

1. There shall be self-government in India.
2. Muslims should be given one-third representation in the central government
3. There should be separate electorates for all the communities until a community
demanded for joint electorates.
4. System of weightage should be adopted.

Write a note on The Communal Award, 1932?
Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald announced the Communal Award:
1. Separate electorate for all minorities of India.
2. Weightage to minorities
3. No Muslim majorities in Punjab and Bengal as was followed in Lucknow Pact
4. One third representation for Muslims in Central legislature
5. One fourth representation for Muslims in services
6. Sind to be made a province
ANS: Question No: 21 http://www.vustudents.net ( Marks: 10)

What were the main steps that were adopted towards the partition of Indian
Subcontinent?
ANS:
Write a detailed note on the impacts of Khilaphat Movement on Indian politics.
ANS:
The Khilafat movement (1919-1924) was a pan-Islamic, political campaign launched
byMuslims in British India to influence the British government and to protect
the Ottoman Empire during the aftermath of World War I. The position of Caliph after
the Armistice of Mudros of October 1918 with the military occupation of
Istanbul and Treaty of Versailles(1919) fell into a disambiguation along with
the Ottoman Empire's existence. The movement gained force after the Treaty of
Sèvres (August 1920) which solidified the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire[1].
In India, although mainly a Muslim religious movement, the movement became a part of
the wider Indian independence movement. The movement was a topic in Conference of
London (February 1920). The Lucknow pact showed that it was possible for middle-
class, English-educated Muslims and Hindus to arrive at an amicable settlement on
Hindu-Muslim constitutional and political problems. This unity reached its climax during
the Khilafat and the Non-Cooperation Movements.After World War I, the Ottoman
Empire faced dismemberment. Under the leadership of the Ali Brothers, Maulana
Muhammad Ali and Maulana Shaukat Ali, the Muslims of South Asia launched the
historic Khilafat Movement to try and save it. Mohandas Karam Chand Gandhi linked the
issue of Swaraj with the Khilafat issue to associate Hindus with the movement. The
ensuing movement was the first countrywide popular movement.The Muslims of India
had a strong feeling of identity with the world community of Islam. They had seen the
decline in the political fortunes of Islam as the European powers conquered the Muslim
lands one after the other. The Anglo-Russian convention of 1908 had reduced their
next-door neighbor Iran to a mere dependency. Afghanistan also suffered as it was a
bone of contention between Russia and Britain, and was now under the latter's sphere
of influence.The general impression among the Muslims of India was that the western
powers were waging a war against Islam throughout the world in order to rob it of all its
power and influence. The Ottoman Empire was the only Muslim power that had
maintained a semblance of authority and the Muslims of India wanted to save the
Islamic political power from extinction.
As an institution, the Khilafat had a checkered past. It had originally migrated from
Medina to Damascus and from Damascus to Baghdad. For sometime it was located in
Egypt, then it fell to the lot of Turkey, very much as a prize. The Turkish Sultans had
claimed to be the caliphs of the Muslim world. As long as the Mughal Empire had been
in existence, the Muslims of India had not recognized their claim. At this critical
juncture, when the Muslims of the Sub-continent had no sovereign ruler of their own,
they began to see the necessity of recognizing the Sultan of Turkey as their caliph. Tipu
Sultan was the first Indian Muslim who, having been frustrated in his attempts to gain
recognition from the Mughals, had turned to the Sultan of Turkey to establish a legal
right to his throne.
The European powers had played a leading role in reducing the might of Turkey in
Europe to Eastern Thrace, Constantinople and the straits in the Balkan Wars (1912-13).
To seek revenge, the Turks decided to side with the Germans against the Allied Forces.
The Indian Muslims supported this decision.
Muhammad Ali argued that for Muslims to accept mandates over Iraq, Syria and
Palestine would amount to a total disregard of the wishes of the Holy Prophet (S. A. W.).
Thus the Muslims of India launched the Tehrik-i-Khilafat. The objectives were as follows:
1. To maintain the Turkish Caliphate.
2. To protect the holy places of the Muslims.
3. To maintain the unity of the Ottoman Empire.
Although the Khilafat Movement failed to achieve its declared objectives, it carried
political awakening to large masses of Muslims. It was during the Khilafat days that
representatives of Indian Muslims came into contact with eminent personages from
other Muslims countries to save the semblance of unity in the world of Islam.
The Khilafat Movement was an asset for the struggle of Pakistan. It made clear to the
Indian Muslims to trust neither the British nor the Hindus, but to look to their own
strengths for self-preservation.
Question No: 2 ( Marks: 20 ) Do you think that it was a failure of democracy which led to imposition
of Martial Law in 1958? Give your opinion.
ANS:
Question No: 3 ( Marks: 20 ) http://www.vustudents.net
Write a short note on all the given topics (Answer should not exceed five lines each).
(a) Dissolution of the First Constituent Assembly 5

The first Constituent Assembly came into existence under Indian Independence Act
1947. The elections were held in July 1946 to decide the destiny of the All India Muslim
League (AIML)’s claim that it is the only representative party of the Indian Muslims that
desire separate homeland, Pakistan. The members from the districts that became part
of Pakistan were declared members of the Constituent Assembly.
In October 1954, GG (Governor General) dissolved the cinstitutional assembly that was
challenged in the Sindh court by Maulvi Tamizuddin. The court declared the dissolution
illegal but the Federal Court upheld the GG action but asked for setting up an elected
CA.
(b) 1973 Constitution 5

Constitutional Committee comprising National Assembly (NA) members from all parties
was set up in April 1972. Law Minister was the Chairman of this Committee.All parties
agreed on the future political system in October 1972. The Committee reported on
December 31, 1972. After long deliberations and compromises final draft was approved
unanimously on April 10, 1973. The new Constitution was enforced on August 14, 1973.
(c) General Mirza Aslam Beg 5
General Mirza Aslam Beg, born 2 August, 1931, is a retired four star rank general who
was the Chief of Army Staff of the Pakistan Army succeeding General Muhammad Zia-
ul-Haq, after the latter died in an air crash on August 17, 1988. He continued to hold the
powerful post of Army Chief till 1991, when his political ambitions forced the
then President Ghulam Ishaq Khan to nominate General Asif Nawaz as the new Army
chief three months prior to Gen Beg’s retirement
(d) Importance of Cotton export 5

The importance of cotton can hardly be over emphasized in the economy of
Pakistan. Pakistan is the 3rd largest exporter of raw cotton and a leading
exporter of yarn in the world. Cotton is not only an export-earning crop but also
provides raw material to local textile industry. A profound investment in the form
of over1000 ginning factories, over 400, textile mills heavily depends upon
cotton.
*Total Marks are 40
Question No. 1
What were the salient features of the Minto-Morley Reforms?

ANS:
This act was another step towards giving Indians more representation in the
Government.
This act provided,
_ Expansion of Legislative Councils
_ Central: Additional members up to 60
_ But official majority remained there.
_ Provincial: Size varied in different provinces.
_ Bombay, Madras, Bengal, UP: 50
_ Non-official majority
_ Not all the members were elected.
_ Powers of the Councils were increased. Now
_ Budget could be discussed. Members were allowed to present Resolutions and put up
questions.
_ Executive Councils were formed for Bombay, Madras and Bengal and Lt.Governor
Provinces.
_ Elections were to be held by University Senate, District Boards, Municipal Committees,
Zamindars, and Chambers of Commerce.
_ Separate Electorate was accepted for minorities.
Question No.2
Marks: 20
Short Questions (Answer should not exceed more than five lines each).
(a) Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
The greatest Muslim reformer and statesman of the 19th Century, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
was born in Delhi on October 17, 1817.His early life was spent in the atmosphere of the
family of a Mughal noble. death of his father in 1838 left the family in difficulties. Thus
young Syed was compelled at the early age of 21 to look for a career.His greatest
achievement was his Aligarh Movement,. He was mourned by a large number of friends
and admirers.
(b) Sardar Abdul Rab Nishtar

Sardar Abdur Rab Nishtar was born on June 13, 1899 at Peshawar.In College days, he
joined Khilafat Movement In 1927. He took an active part in the boycott of Simon
Commission. In 1936, he was appointed a Member of the All India Muslim League
Council. He was also a gifted poet. He died on February 13, 1958 and was laid to rest in
the courtyard of Quaid-e-Azam's mausoleum.
(c) The Fourteen Points of MA Jinnah

1. Federal system with residuary powers with the provinces
2. Provincial autonomy.
3. Separate electorate for Muslims.
4. Effective representation to minorities in the provinces but the majority should not
be reduced to minority
5. One-third representation of Muslims in Central Legislature.
6. One third Muslim representation in cabinets.
7. No changes in the boundaries of the Punjab and Bengal that would adversely
affect Muslim majority.
8. Religious freedom to all.
9. No law will be passed if three-fourth elected members of a community declare
that it is against their interests.
10. Sind to be made a separate province.
11. Constitutional Reforms in NWFP and Balochistan.
12. Muslim representation in govt. jobs.
13. Constitutional safeguards for Islamic culture and civilization, education,
language, personal laws and Muslim institutions. Government should provide financial
assistance.
14. No constitutional amendment unless all constituent units of the federation agree
to it.
(d) Sir Sikandar Hayat http://www.vustudents.net
Hayat, Sikandar, Sardar Sir (1892-1942) Statesman. A political figure in *British India
and a graduate of the Aligarh and London universities, Sir Sikandar was a major land-
owner of northern *Punjab. From 1935 to 1936, he served as Deputy Governor, Reserve
Bank of India, and was a member of the Boards of eleven major commercial and
industrial companies. Between 1935 and 1942, he served as President of the Punjab
National Unionist Party. After signing the Liaquat-Sikandar pact in 1937, under which
Muslim members of the Unionist Party could also enjoy membership of the *Muslim
League, he was also simultaneously a member of the *All-India Muslim League. From
1937 to 1940, he served as Chief Minister of Punjab. Elevated as Governor Punjab, he
died in office in 1942.
(e) Separate Electorates
The ideology of Pakistan took shape through an evolutionary process. Historical
experience provided the base; Allama Iqbal gave it a philosophical explanation; Quaid-I
Azam translated it into a political reality; and the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan, by
passing Objectives Resolution in March 1949, gave it legal sanction. It was due to the
realization of the Muslims of South Asia that they are different from the Hindus that
they demanded separate electorates. However when they realized that their future in a
‘Democratic India’ dominated by Hindu majority was not safe, they changed their
demand to a separate state.
Total Marks: 40
Total Questions: 6
QuestionNo.1
Marks:20
What were the problems faced by the newly state of Pakistan in 1947?
ANS: The attainment of independence brought an end to one phase of the

struggle and marked the beginning of a new one for setting up and running a
viable, stable and prosperous state. Pakistan began its independent life under
very difficult and unfavorable circumstances. Pakistan faced serious problems in
the initial stages.
1. New Administration
2. Division of Assets
3. Integration of Princely States
4. Communal Riots and Arrival of Refugees
5. Canal water and trade issues
1: New Administration
The shortage of trained human power especially senior officers was a serious
problem in the
setting up of federal government in Karachi. Most of them had migrated to India.
There was a
shortage of office space, equipment and furniture. This disturbed the direct
connections between
the federal government and provincial governments. On the other hand, the
provincial
governments were overburdened that needed very accurate connection between
the centre and
the provinces to solve the problems of the Muslim refugees who had nothing to
eat, drink, wear,
rest, etc. To counter the critical situation, the official system should have been
efficient but due to
the lack of all these facilities the administrative authorities were painfully facing
difficulties.
2: Division of Assets http://www.vustudents.net
The Indian government was not cooperative for transfer of record and equipment
to Pakistan.
The civil administration was not handing over the promised financial, military, and
other shares
that created mountainous hurdles to eradicate the pains and miseries of the
refugees.
Financial Assets
The full financial share of Pakistan was not transferred. Initially rupees 200
million were
transferred that were not sufficient to meet the expenditures of the newly born
state. The
Indian government was so reactionary that it tried its level best to block these
funds to
suffocate the newly born Muslim state as they expected foolishly that Pakistan
would
collapse and rejoin India soon after its existence. They did not release the
remaining
funds until Gandhi’s threat of marn bert (fast until death). Under this pressure,
more funds
were sent in early 1948 but no installment was later paid.
Military’s Division
As far as the problem in dividing man power there was no serious setback
because the
division was not in the hand of third person and Muslims were free to come to
their
dreamland, Pakistan. Anyhow, their shifting was slow and insecure. There were
obstacles in the Pakistan’s share of weapons, equipment, and stores. The
broken and
damaged stuff was sent by India. Pakistan did not get any ordinance factory.
Reorganization of the Armed Forces was another tough job and the there was no
army
officer up to the rank of colonel. The shortage of experienced officers convinced
British
officers to continue their services. This also accelerated undue promotion in the
military
services to fill the gap.
3: Integration of Princely States
There were over 560 princely states in India on the verge of the partition of India.
About 500
states had joined India before August 15 because of the motivation by V. P.
Menon and
Mountbatten. The princes were inclined to honour every gesture of the British
representative so
they conceded what the member of the Royal family (Mountbatten) wished. The
Hindu-British
conspiracy blocked states to join Pakistan.
Junagadh
It was a small state with access to sea having about 7 lakh population and 3377
mile
area. The ruler was Muslim while the majority of its population was Hindu. The
ruler
decided to accede to Pakistan and Pakistan also accepted the accession. In
November
1947, the Indian troops entered the state and took its control. The referendum
favoured
India.
Hyderabad
It was geographically big and financially a rich state. Its ruler was Muslim and
majority
population was Hindu. It was surrounded by India from all sides. The Nizam
wanted to
stay independent. Mountbatten discouraged him and signed Standstill
Agreement. But
India built pressure on the Nizam by sending its troops in September 1948
claiming that
serious law and order situation had developed. The state was integrated in India.
Kashmir
The most important state was Kashmir naturally connected with Pakistan. Its
ruler was
Hindu while population was Muslim. The population inclined towards Pakistan but
the
Hindu ruler declared to join India. The Kashmiri people revolt against the ruler in
Poonch
area and soon it became widespread. The ruler sought Indian support. India
demanded
accession. On October 27, 1947 Indian troops landed in Srinagar. The people
continued
their struggle for independence and India promised to finally settle the matter
with
reference to the people under the UN Resolutions.
4: Communal Riots and Refugees
The Communal riots occurred earlier in August 1946. The killing of Muslims in
Indian areas forced
them to leave India. The Sikhs and Hindus attacked the refugee caravans and
trains. There were
organized gangs to kill the Muslims. The refugee problem created critical
condition in the border
areas. The massive migration proved serious economic and humanitarian
problems for the new
state. The military was asked to help cope with the refugee problem.
5: Canal Water Problem
The major rivers flow from Kashmir and some canal heads located in India. In
1948, India cut off
water to some canal that was a serious threat to agriculture in West Pakistan.
The Indian plans to
build water storage on the rivers that are vital for Pakistan’s economy worsened
the situation. It
also showed the traditional anti-Muslim attitude. The World Bank settled the
problem in
September 1960 (Indus Water Treaty).
6: Trade Problem and the Economy
India devalued its currency in 1949 but Pakistan refused to do so. It stopped
trade that adversely
affected Pakistan’s economy as it depended on trade from India. Pakistan had
inherited a weak
economy and poor industrial base. The beginning years of Pakistan were
troubled and difficult
due to the India’s non-helpful policy and the war in Kashmir. It had profound
impact on Pakistan’s
worldview and its relations with India. Pakistan strived for its survival and
security. Many Indians
and the British predicted the collapse of Pakistan. They were of the opinion that
very soon the
Muslims would realize their blunder. They would be forced by the circumstances
to go back to
join India. But PAKISTAN, by the grace of Almighty Allah, was able to meet the
challenge even
with its problems.
Question No.2
Marks : 20
(a) Scientific Society

The establishment of the Scientific Society is landmark in the educational movement of
Syed Ahmad. It was established in Ghazipur and then moved with Syed Ahmad to
Aligarh. First publication took place in Aligarh, Jan 9, 1864. Its main objective was to
translate the classical works of English (Literature, Science, Engineering and Agriculture)
into Urdu. Its stated injective was to “bring the knowledge and literature of the Western
world within reach of the immense masses of the people of the east. In 1866, the
Society became “Aligarh Institute Gazette” and continued to be published until Syed’
death.
(b) The Allahabad Address of Allama Muhammad Iqbal

. Iqbal presented a review of the political and social situation of India and solution of the
ills
befalling India. He evaluated the importance of role of Islam in the lives of Muslims of
British India. He said that the European view of duality of religion and state does not
apply here in the Indian society. Rejecting the secularism he said, religion is not a totally
personal affair.He explained that Islam offers an ethical order, socio-political structure,
legal framework, code of life, culture and civilization. It is a living, dynamic force that has
a profound impact on the lives of Indian Muslims. With the force of Islam the scattered
and disoriented people have been turned into an organized force.
The Muslims are not willing to submerge their religious individuality. They have lack of
trust, fear of domination from Hindus. If the British want any sort of internal harmony it
would be impossible unless the communal question is settled. It’s historical reality that
India is a continent inhabited by diverse people. No political arrangement may be
acceptable without recognizing this reality.
• If the Muslims have an opportunity to develop in accordance with their Islamic
civilization and tradition, they would be willing to sacrifice their lives for India.
• Federalism cannot succeed without recognizing the national identity of the
Muslims.
• Territorial redistribution of British India on the basis of religion has become a
need of time.
• Punjab, NWFP, Sind and Balochistan be amalgamated into a state, self
government within the British empire or without it. The formation of such a
consolidated
North Western Muslim state appears to be the final destiny of the Muslims, at least of
North West India. To India, it will offer peace and security due to internal balance of
power.
• Islam is a people building force in India that has given moral consciousness and
political identity to the people.
(c) The Lahore Resolution http://www.vustudents.net

The Muslim League held its annual session at Lahore on 22-24 March 1940. The Lahore
Resolution was moved by Maulvi Fazlul Haq and seconded by Ch. Khaliquzzaman that
finally
approved on March 24, 1940. Jinnah rightly expressed his valuable remarks about the
political
circumstances of India and the Muslims stand. He said:
“Indian problem is not communal but international. No Constitution can work
without recognizing this reality. Muslims of India will not accept a constitution
that establishes a government of the Hindu majority on them. If Hindus and
Muslims are placed under one democratic system, this would mean Hindu
Raj.”
(d) Achhut community
(e) i
: Describe the causes of the division of Bengal and its impact on the Muslim politics in
the subcontinent
ANS: United Bengal’s area covered 189,000 sq. miles with 80 million populations. Dr
Abdul Hameedwrites in his book, Muslim Separatism in India, that the partition was
imperative even if Curzon had not initiated it. A Lt. Governor had problems in looking
after the eastern areas. Mainly Muslim suffered because of the rotten administration by
the British. Before 1905, many proposals of partition of Bengal had been under
consideration but Lord Curzon decided to practicalise this
administrative scheme. East Bengal became incidentally a Muslim majority province
having 13000000 out of 31000000. West Bengal was a Hindu majority province. Muslims
were very happy on the partition as this had enabled them to promote their life
conditions. It was rightly an opportunity for compensation. The Muslim community
supported it strongly but Hindus retaliated furiously saying it the division of motherland.
The Congress joined the anti-partition movement.They started widespread agitation,
violence and boycott of foreign goods. The main reason of
Hindu protest was that they had loosened grip over the eastern parts.
Question No. 2. 20
a: Risala Asbab-i-Baghawat-i-hind
Risala Asbab-i-Baghawat-i-Hind written by ser syed ahmed khan in 1858.it
helped both the nations to redress their grievances.
b: Governor-General
Governor General could assign special tasks to any members of the Executive
Council.Important matters were to be discussed with the Governor General.
Mountbatten wanted to be joint GG (Governor General) of India and Pakistan while ML
decided to appoint Jinnah as the first Governor General of Pakistan in July. Oath taking
ceremony for GG (Governor General) and PM (Prime Minister) was held on August 15
1947.
c: Home Rule League

The All India Home Rule League was a national political organization founded in 1916
to lead the national demand for self-government, termed Home Rule
The main aim of establishing the Home Rule League was to agitate for the achievement
of Home Rule for India. Home Rule League made much progress and the cry of Home
Rule resounded throughout the country. Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak were two
prominent leaders of the Home Rule League
d: Nawab Salimullah Khan http://www.vustudents.net
Nawab Salimullah belonged to the most prominent land owning family of Bengal and
was born in 1884 at Dhaka Nawab Salimullah was hardly seventeen year old when his
father died in 1901 and he became the 'Nawab of Dhaka' He was a great advocate and
champion of the cause of the Muslim rights and supported the plan for the partition of
Bengal.In 1908 Nawab Salimullah presided over the all India Muslim Educational
Conference. Amritsar. . He. was a nominated Member of the Eastern Bengal and Assam
Legislative Council in 1901.He was Vice President All India Muslim League in 1910 and
1913 and President of the League in 1912.
The annulment of the partition of Bengal in 1911 had deeply hurt him and he died at the
young age of 31 on January 16.1915.
e: Sir Amir Ali

Syed Ameer Ali traced his lineage through the eighth Imam, Ali Al-Raza, to the Holy
Prophet (S. A. W.). He was born on April 6, 1849. His father, on the advice of some
friendly British officers, made a break with the traditions and gave his sons an English
education. Ameer Ali was educated at Hoogly College He graduated in 1867 and
became one of the first Muslim graduates in India. In 1868, he passed his MA in history,
and law, and in the same year proceeded to England on a government scholarship to
pursue his higher studies. In London, he joined the Temple Inn and made contacts with
the elite of the city. He imbibed the influence of contemporary liberalism. He wrote a
number of books on Islam and Islamic history. His most notable contributions are "The
Spirit of Islam", "A Short History of the Saracens" and "Muhammadan Law". His book
"Spirit of Islam", to some scholars, was the greatest single work on the liberal exposition
of Islam.
He died on August 4, 1928 in Sussex.
Explain the Cabinet Mission Plan and reaction of the political parties.
ANS: The British Cabinet Mission of 1946 to India aimed to discuss and plan for the
transfer of power from the British Raj to Indian leadership, providing India with
independence under Dominion status in the Commonwealth of Nations. Formulated at the
initiative of Clement Attlee, thePrime Minister of the United Kingdom, the mission
consisted of Lord Pethick-Lawrence, the Secretary of State for India, Sir Stafford Cripps,
President of the Board of Trade, and A. V. Alexander, the First Lord of the
Admiralty. Lord Wavell, the Viceroy of India, did not participate. The Mission's purpose
was:
1. Hold preparatory discussions with elected representatives of British India and

the Indian states in order to secure agreement as to the method of framing the
constitution.
2. Set up a constitution body.
3. Set up an Executive Council with the support of the main Indian parties.
The approval of the plans would determine the composition of the new government.
The Congress Working Committee had initially approved the plan. However, on 10
July, Jawaharlal Nehru, who later became the first prime minister of India, held a press
conference in Bombaydeclaring that the Congress had agreed only to participate in
the Constituent Assembly and "regards itself free to change or modify the Cabinet
Mission Plan as it thought best."[2] The Congress ruled out the June 16 plan, seeing it as
the division of India into small states[citation needed]. Moreover,the Congress was a Centralist
party. Intellectuals like Kanji Dawarkadas criticized the Cabinet Plan. Congress was
against decentralization and it had been under pressure from Indian capitalists who
wanted a strong Center. The plan's strongest opponent was the principal Indian
leader Mohandas Gandhi, due to the reason that the territories had been grouped
together on the basis of religion[citation needed].
The Muslim League gave its approval to the plan. There was an impression that the
Congress also had accepted the scheme and the Plan would be the basis of the future
constitution of India[citation needed]. Jinnah, in his speech to the League Council, clearly stated
that he recommended acceptance only because nothing better could be obtained[citation
needed]
. However, on declaration from the Congress President that the Congress could
change the scheme through its majority in the Constituent Assembly, this meant that
the minorities would be placed at the mercy of the majority. The Muslim League Council
met at Bombay on 27 July. "Mr. Jinnah in his opening speech reiterated the demand for
Pakistan as the only course left open to the Muslim League. After three days' discussion,
the Council passed a resolution rejecting the Cabinet Mission Plan.

Express Gandhi-Jinnah Talks, September 1944?
ANS: MK Gandhi did not accept the Hindus and Muslims as Two Nations and
emphasized on the freedom of united India. Jinnah told him that the Muslims could
never budge even a single inch from their ideological and constitutional demand.

Highlight The Second Roundtable Conference?
ANS: Maulana M. A. Jauhar had died after the first conference. Iqbal, Jinnah and others
participated in the second conference. Gandhi represented the Congress. The key issues
of the session were ‘Federation’ and ‘Minorities.
Briefly tell The Direct Action Day August 16, 1946?
ANS: August 16,1946 The ML’s timely coercive political strategy brought the Congress
on table with the British. The Interim Government was formed under Nehru on
September 2, 1946 and the ML stayed away.
They joined it on October 25, 1946:
_ Liaquat Ali Khan
_ Sardar Abdur-Rab Nishtar
_ Raja Gazanfar Ali
_ Chundrigar
_ J. N. Mandal
There were a number of problems of smooth functioning of the Interim Government
due to the Muslim-Hindu differences.

Explain the Cancellation of the Partition of Bengal?
ANS: The cancellation of the Partition of Bengal was announced in 1911.The British
government revoked the partition to avoid trouble on the visit of King George V. The
Muslims were disappointed by the government response to the violent strategy of
protests
adopted by the Hindus.

Highlight Iqbal's vision of a separate Muslim state in the Subcontinent?
ANS: VISION OF A SEPARATE MUSLIM STATE
Men like Allama Iqbal are born but in centuries. He was conscious of significance of
Islam in lives
of the Muslims. His first public appearance was in 1899 at the annual session of
Anjuman
Himayat-i-Islam in Lahore when he presented the poem, Nala-i-Yatim.
At initial stages Dr Iqbal was a nationalist by ideas and his poetry contained verses like
Tarana-i-Hind. His poetry was a critique of the existing societal conditions. Being
educated from Europe,he knew all weak aspects of the Western culture. He criticized
capitalism, materialism and lack ofspiritualism.
IQBAL- Focus on the conditions of the Indian Muslims
Islam can salvage the Muslims
Islam has always saved Muslim
Islam is a living and dynamic ideology that can
meet modern challenges
Islam to help them to overcome their internal
discord and enable them to meet external challenges
With spiritualism based derived from Islam
Ijtehad and Reinterpretation
(READ: Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam)
Address to the Muslim League Session, Allahabad, December 1930
I would like to see the Punjab, NWFP, Sind, Balochistan
amalgamated into a single state as a self government within the
British empire or without. This is the final destiny of the
Muslims of N.W. India.

Briefly tell about the Relations between Pakistan and Egypt?
ANS: Egypt under Nasser had some reservations due to Pakistan’s ties with the West.
Pakistan supported Egypt when it was attacked by Israel in 1956, 1967, 1973. The
relations began to improve since 1967 and especially after the death of Nasser in 1970.

Write a very brief note on Land Reforms in Pakistan?
Ans: Land Reforms are introduced from time to time by different governments: in
1959, 1972, and 1977. The aim was to reduce land holding and to strengthen the
position of tenants. It was done for improving yield per acre and poverty alleviation in
agriculture field.
What was the total strength of the National Assembly under the 1956
Constitution?
The President was to be elected by National Assembly (NA)
PM would be appointed by President. President could not remove him unless he was
sure that PM did not enjoy the support of majority in the National Assembly.
National Assembly was the only house of the parliament having a membership of 300
plus10 women seats.
All legislative powers were rested with NA.
NA could control the Executive.

Draw attention to Junagarh issue.
It was a small state with access to sea having about 7 lakh population and 3377 mile
area. The ruler was Muslim while the majority of its population was Hindu. The ruler
decided to accede to Pakistan and Pakistan also accepted the accession. In November
1947, the Indian troops entered the state and took its control. The referendum favoured
India.
Question No: 25 http://www.vustudents.net ( Marks: 3 )

Briefly tell about the issue of Islamic or Secular status of Pakistan as a
State?
From the very beginning of Pakistan Movement there was an agreement that the state
will have close relationship with Islam. Muslims defined their national identity with
reference to Islam and its heritage. Some opposition came from the Congress members
of the Constituent Assembly, and a few secularists.
There was a BROAD AGREEMENT that the state will identify itself with Islam. The
Constituent Assembly took time to define the precise relationship between the state
and Islam.

Write down some line about the educational career of Allama Iqbal.
Iqbal began his education in a Maktab (Religious School).He passed his
matriculation in 1893, and joined the Scotch Mission College (now called Murray
College) for his intermediate examination. Iqbal passed intermediate with honour
and shifted to Lahore and joined the Government College. He graduated cum-
laude and was also awarded a scholarship for further study leading towards a
master’s degree in Philosophy.
Write a note on the Geographical location of Pakistan.
Pakistan is located between 24_37 degrees North latitude 61_75 degrees East
longitude.
Its area is 796,095 sq Kilometers.
.Question No: 29 ( Marks: 5 )
What do you know about the River/Cannal System in Pakistan?

The river system of Pakistan is consisted of Indus and other associated rivers. We
have a well defined Canal system. The most important one is the Indus Basin project.
What we require is the proper management of water, its conservation, effective use,
storage,dams and flood control. Water is dangerous if it is too much, it become a
problem if it is too little.It is used for Agriculture where it is the backbone of agro-
economy. It is also a cheapest source of hydroelectric Power generation.
Write a note on the industrialization in Pakistan during Bhutto and Zia’s
regimes.
New democratic government of PPP after assuming power adopted the policy of
nationalisation.Ten basic industries were nationalised. Later some others were also
Write down the names of the members of Simla Deputation?

The Simla deputation comprised 35 Muslims
from all over India.it was the most representative Muslim delegation. This delegation
was led by Sir Agha Khan and Nawab Mohsin ul Malik served as a secretary.
taken over to have a greater state role. Initial euphoria ended and industrial output
Briefly tell about The Cripps Mission, March 1942

What is the ideology of Pakistan?
What were the policies adopted by the Congress Government after the elections of 1937?
suffered. It also caused flight of capital from the country.

Outline the criticism raised against the First Report of Basic Principle
Committee.
This report was severely criticized throughout the country. It could not satisfy both the
wings, East and West. The religious group objected that the report contained nothing
about Islamisation. On the question of representation, the East Pakistan (EP) protested
that their majority had been denied by the Report. They remarked that they were
thrown into a permanent minority. The population of EP was slightly larger than that of
the West Pakistan (WP) but it was treated as the small provinces because both the
Houses were given equal powers. So the domination of WP was intolerable for the East
wing. The language issue proved subversive to the national solidarity.
. First all Congress governments in the provinces launched anti-Muslim drive basically to
exclude the ML and other Muslim organizations from the government making process.
The Congress leaders had come to know that the ML had got roots in the masses. They
started ‘Muslim Mass Contact’ movement to defame the ML in their favour. They were
making cultural and educational policies that promoted the Hindu culture and symbols
in the name of Indian culture. They introduced Banda-Mataram anthem from
Annandmath in the institutions and offices etc. The Hindi language was given top most
importance in their policies. Wardha Educational Scheme was to convert Muslims into
Hindus through primary educational literature. Projection of Hindu heroes like Gandhi
and distortion of Muslim history became their moral creed. They followed the policy of
discrimination in services or new recruitment for jobs. The Congress ministries adopted
overall negative and cruel attitude, especially towards the Muslim activists. This unjust
treatment compelled the Muslims to be disciplined in every sphere of life.

Constitution is a set of basic principles and framework for governance and exercise of
political power and legal authority. It clarifies the scope of power, relationship among
various institutions within the government and society. It has precedence over ordinary
laws and cannot be changed like ordinary laws.



The main aims of features of ‘Foreign Policy’ are protection of- independence,
Sovereignty and Territorial Integrity. Primary concern is the SECURITY through
diplomacy and military security arrangements. National mobilization regarding
Pakistan’s security vis-à-vis India influenced foreign policy options. Strong defense is
indispensable for survival.


Islamic Research Institute It was designed for the Research and instructions in Islam for
assisting the reconstruction of Muslim society on truly Islamic lines.

Pakistan is having a large population. The growth rate recorded over 3 percent
in the 1970s to
early 1990s. Now declined due to a number of measures by the government but
still it is higher as
compare to the other countries of the region. Census is taken after every ten
years.
More than 50 Percent population is under the age of 21. A large part of this
population is dependent.
Add to this people over 65 years.
About 30 percent population lives in urban areas.
Why migrations to urban areas: Education, jobs, facilities etc.
Impact of urbanization: Poor civic conditions, education, health, housing, town
planning etc.
Provincial population.
Punjab 56-57 percent
Sind 23 percent
NWFP 14 percent
Baluchistan 5.3 percent
Low literacy rate: Official literacy rate is 46 percent but functional literacy rate is
even
lower.
Women literacy rate is much lower. In certain areas of Baluchistan women
literacy is
nominal to non-existent.
Why population figures are important. For Planning and development, Socio-
economic
development and poverty alleviation etc.
Social development indicators are poor in Pakistan. No ideal figure for
population
can be named. It depends upon the resources. High population is asset as well
as a
liability because we cannot feed them.
Efforts to manage population are being done by the Government as well as by
non-governmental organizations in the field of health care, family planning and
education.

Islamic Provisions
Objectives Resolution was the Preamble of the Constitution. Other Islamic
provisions were a part
of Principles of Policy and not the constitution.

Pakistan has good relations with almost all the nations of the world on the basis
of mutuality of
interests, cordiality, peace and non-interference in internal affairs. Pakistan
believes that
problems to be resolved peacefully.
Relations with Major Powers:
The nature of relations with major powers has varied.
United States
Pakistan-US relations have been generally friendly but problems developed from
time to time on
nuclear issue, arms sales, Kashmir etc.
China
China proved to be a reliable and consistent friend over the periods of decades.
Pakistan
supported China diplomatically in the UN and the Outside. Both the countries
have developed
close relations in all the areas including economic development and
industrialization, defense,
science and technology, environment and trade.
Russia
Pakistan has working relations with Russia but frequent problems remained
unsolved during the
period of Cold War. Russia remained favorable to India at the cost of its relations
with Pakistan.
On Kashmir issue, her attitude has been pro India.
Some economic relations strengthened the bilateral relations when Russia
provided economic
and technological assistance to Pakistan in establishing steel mill in Karachi. In
post-Cold War
era, Pakistan is trying to normalize the relations. The recent tour of President
Musharraf is a step
towards this goal.
Economic Issues, Trade, Investment:
Greater importance is attributed to the issues like economic development, direct
foreign
investment and trade relations in international relations. Foreign policy is linked
with foreign
assistance from the World Bank, IMF, Asian Development Bank, International
Development Bank
and other sources. Economic relations are both bilateral and multi-lateral.
Technology, trade,
access to market and investment are keys to the cordial relations between the
two countries.
Pakistan is also trying to establish its relations with other countries on the same
footings.
Muslim States:
Being Islamic country, Pakistan has been always in search of good relations with
the Muslim
countries. It has been a central point in the ideology of Pakistan even before
Independence.
Solidarity with the Developing States:
Pakistan had been concerned with the issues and problems of the states of
Asia, Africa and
Latin America. As it is developing countries it is well aware of the problems of
underdevelopment,
poverty, disease, famine, civil strife and border disputes, refugees and drug
addiction.
Pakistan always emphasized on the UN and developed countries to help them.
Peace cannot be
maintained if humanity is suffering.
Cooperation among developing countries in the areas of economic and technical
assistance,
trade and diplomacy support to these causes should be enhanced.

Comment on the importance of Education and why Pakistan’s position is low down in
Literacy?
Importance of Education:
Education is a key to development for individual, society and state. It shapes
natural qualities and
talents of the individuals. It has positive relevance to family and society. It also
confers citizens’
confidence to deal with environment, a sense of purpose. Education provides a
goal orientation
and is helpful to others by educating them.
Education provides entitlement to job and professions. It gives effective tanning
to the citizens
about their rights and duties. It plays a more constructive role in character
building of the person
and in turn society as a whole.
Education should be integrated to nation building and should be able to transmit
the primary
values. Education should be responsible for the formation of attitude.
It should transmit socialization among individuals.
Education system is designed according to the ideology of the state and its
identity. Education is
the indicator of socio-economic development. For the real progress proper
educational facilities
should be provided. Literacy rate should be enhanced. Trained and qualified
human power can
make a nation success. Only such educated people can better be equipped to
deal with changing
situations and challenges of the time. Education provides better understanding of
international
environment that affects all of us. Islam asks Muslims to get education. Other
religions also value
education.
Resource allocation for education is far from satisfactory. It is much less than
what a large
number of countries spend on education, especially those having developed after
World War II.
Most of these allocations go to salaries and administration.
Fewer amounts are given for infrastructure, facilities of research and
development.
Low Literacy:
In Pakistan literacy rate is 46 per cent. While meaningful literacy is far less.
Female literacy is
lower. In rural areas literacy is much low.

Make clear International Relations as a field of Studies?

Who was Justice Shahabuddine?
He was the former chief justice; he was the chairman of a constitutional
commission in 1960.
Very shortly describe Pakistan's Literacy Rate?
In Pakistan literacy rate is 46 per cent. While meaningful literacy is far less.
Female literacy is
lower. In rural areas literacy is much low.
How do you see Pakistan’s Surroundings Geographically?

Draw attention to the Criticism on the 2nd Basic Principles Committee Report 1952?
The politicians particularly from the Punjab deplored the Report because
formation of the UH on
the basis of representation was not acceptable. It was declared against the
principle of federation.
The WP favoured equality only for Upper House. The political crisis removed
Prime Minister
Nazimuddin and attention diverted from the core issue.

Very shortly describe Distance Education in Pakistan
People do not go to an institution but stay home and get education. This method
is useful for
people in service and for those living in remote areas. This is a method of
Improvement of
qualification without actually going to an institution.
It is a Flexible system in which Lectures and tutorial system are used through
media.
Examples are:
Allama Iqbal Open University.
Virtual University: TV and Internet.

What are the main problems that Pakistan Agriculture Sector is facing?
There are number of problems in our agriculture, for instance:
1. Outdated modes of cultivation, which cause low per acre yield.
2. Water Logging and Salinity.
Attention is being given to these since mid 1960.
3. Crop diseases are big problem. Technical support is being provided by
Department of Agricultural. It helped to overcome the problem. Our inputs have
problem
of quality, which cause low prices in market. Other handicaps are low quality
seeds,
costly fertilizers, non-availability of electricity or oil for tube well etc.
4. Water related problem, sometimes it is too little, but sometimes it is too much.
Cleaning of Canals is also necessary to provide water at the end of canal.
5. Credit facilities are also problematic.
6. Access to market is difficult.
7. Availability of reasonable price should be ensured for the welfare of the
farmers
and high yield of crop.

Describe the Background of the Constitution of 1962?
Background
Military took over on 7 October 1958 and consequently Ayub Khan became Chief
Martial Law
Administrator. One major task was to frame a new Constitution. The
administration was critical of
Parliamentary system because it caused instability in the past. They sought
stability of the nation
in the gradual development of democracy.

What were the main constitutional issues which Pakistan had to face at the
beginning?
Major Issues
The major issues, the first constituent assembly faced, were about:
1. Federalism
2. Representation
3. Separate or Joint Electorate
4. The National Language Issue
5. Parliamentary or Presidential system
6. The Islamic or Secular State
1: Federalism
There was consensus on federalism but yet there were many issues to be
settled. The main was
that Pakistan consisted of two territorial parts, East Pakistan (with more
population, less territory
but administratively one unit) and West Pakistan (administratively 4 units).
Federalism is meant to
accommodate such kind of diversity maintaining the unity of the state or country.
Division of power:
It was the most difficult question that how the power would be divided between
Centre
and the Provinces. The heritage of British rule gave the tradition of a Strong
Centre. But the
provinces were demanding more Autonomy and Provincial Rights.
In the Interim Constitution and the 1956 Constitution tradition of strong centre
continued.
2: Representation
Representation at the federal level was another conflicting issue because East
Pakistan and
West Pakistan were different in population and size. On the other hand there was
diversity in
Western part of Pakistan. The provinces of West Pakistan were also different in
population and
size. All of them were sensitive to their representation and provincial autonomy.
To have a Standard Formula for the representation of units and population the
Constituent
Assembly (CA) formed a Basic Principle Committee (BPC) on March 12, 1949.
The primary task
of this committee was to frame a set of basic principles for the future constitution
of Pakistan.
3: Separate or Joint Electorate

Separate electorate was adopted on the demand of Muslims in 1909 by the
British Government.
But the minorities did not favour this after independence. Religious elements
supported this as a
part of heritage.
West: Separate electorate.
4: The National Language Issue
Pre-independence: Muslim elite all over India adopted Urdu. In 1948 Jinnah
declared that Urdu
would be the national language but provinces could use their languages.
Opposition against Urdu was there in East Bengal. This became more
pronounced after the death
of Jinnah as controversies erupted on constitution making. Language Movement
started in East
Pakistan February, 1952.
There was a complaint about anti Bengali language attitude of the federal
government.
Two-language formula was adopted in 1954. Since 1973 Urdu was adopted as
national language
along with the support for development of regional languages.
5: Parliamentary or Presidential
There was a consensus for parliamentary system. But there was a limited
demand for presidential
system. Supporters of Presidential system became dominant after the 1958
military takeover.
The 1962 Constitution was a Presidential constitution.
7: The Islamic or Secular State
From the very beginning of Pakistan Movement there was an agreement that the
state will have
close relationship with Islam. Muslims defined their national identity with
reference to Islam and
its heritage. Some opposition came from the Congress members of the
Constituent Assembly,
and a few secularists.
There was a BROAD AGREEMENT that the state will identify itself with Islam.
The Constituent
Assembly took time to define the precise relationship between the state and
Islam.

Write down a Comprehensive note on Pakistan’s Natural Resources.
1: Natural Resources
Mineral Resources
Rivers and Canals
Forests
Animals
2: Agriculture
1: Natural Resources:
The resources endowed by the nature to the country and the people are called
National
Resources, e.g., Mineral resources, rivers, forests and animals. Agricultural lands
hold key to
development and prosperity of a country.
The rate of development and prosperity of a country depends on efforts to make
use of it.
Effective management and human efforts are needed to avail them. Modern
technology is also
required to make use of it.
Mineral Resources:
Pakistan is blessed with considerable mineral resources. Some of them are
explored but much
remains to be done for the search for more. Some important resources are:
Iron Ore is used for industry, especially steel industry. It is found in limited
quantity and low quality. Most of the required Iron ore is imported from abroad.
Its
deposits are found in Chitral, Chaghai, Kohat, Kurram Agency, Mardan, Hazara,
Mianwali (Kalabagh) and DG Khan.
Chromite: is used in preparing other metals, leather tanning, making of steel
products, armament and stainless steel. The deposits of Chromite are found in
Zoab
(Muslim Bagh), Chaghai, Malakand, Mahmand, Waziristan, Fort Sandaman etc.
Gypsum is used for plaster of Paris, Paints and Cement. It is found in Jhelum,
Mianwali, DG Khan, Kohat and Loralai.
Sulphur is used by chemical industry. Its deposits are found in Kalat, Khairpur,
Mardan, and Jacobabad etc.
Coal is used in power generation. It is basically used as fuel. It is not found in
good quantity and quality. It is mostly found in Sindh (Thatta, Tharparkar,
Manara)
Balochistan (Deegari, Sharig, Soer, Khost, Maach, Hernai), Punjab (Makarwal,
Dandot),
NWFP (Cherat and Noshera).
Oil: It is a major source of energy. It is mostly imported from Iran and Gulf
states. Now some valuable reserves are found in Jhelum, Mianwali, Attock,
Balkasar,
Mial, Chakwal, and Dhodak.
Gas: it is itself a source of energy and fuel, and also used as a source of power
generation. It is found in Sui, Mari, Uch, Khairpur, Jacobabad etc. Now some
new
discoveries are also found.
Uranium: It is the basic element for atomic power, indispensable for the
defence.
Its deposits are in DG Khan, Hazara and Kohat.
Rivers:
The river system of Pakistan is consisted of Indus and other associated rivers.
We have a welldefined
Canal system. The most important one is the Indus Basin project.
What we require is the proper management of water, its conservation, effective
use, storage,
dams and flood control. Water is dangerous if it is too much, it become a problem
if it is too little.
It is used for Agriculture where it is the backbone of agro-economy. It is also a
cheapest source of
hydroelectric Power generation.
Forests:
Normally 25 percent area of a country should be covered with forest. But in
Pakistan it is only 4 to
5 percent.
Some areas are not suitable for plantation like deserts and dry mountains. It is
because of
shortage of water and rainfall. Deforestation is also due to unplanned cutting of
trees.
Advantages:
Forests have many advantages. They are helpful in improvement of weather.
Protect against
windstorms, help in slow melting of snow to stop floods. They add greenery,
beauty and fresh air
to the environment. Plants are source of food, medicine, timber, chemicals and
fertilizers. They
are the homes of animals, birds and insects. They are also used as fuel.
Animals:
Animals provide milk, meat, hide and skins, wool etc. They are also used for
agriculture and
transportation. They are a source of foreign exchange.
Their proper breeding requires planning and care. Animal husbandry and
colleges of research are
established to breed and cure useful species of animals. Department of Live
Stock also provides
Support System for raising animals both privately and through Government
Projects. Government
farms and military farms are also working for that purpose.
Fisheries:
It is also a source of food and income. Department of fisheries also encourage
private farmers to
invest in this field and add to personal and national wealth.
Very shortly highlight Pakistan's Foreign Policy as an Islamic State?
No state can live in isolation. There is a need of interaction. The linkages
between internal &
external environment are very necessary to create harmonious relations among
the peoples living
in the different regions. The national interests and identity, economic reasons,
peace and stability
are the motives of foreign policy of a country. Pakistan functions at different
levels: Bilateral and
Multilateral. It is also a member of the UN and other international organizations.

Give details about the 1977 Elections and Agitation
1977 Elections and Agitation:
As a result of elections of 1977 PPP won the elections. But joint opposition
blamed a mass
rigging in the election results. They demanded fresh elections. Bhutto initially was
stubborn but
later showed inclination to compromise but history has taken a U-turn. As he
refused to negotiate
the elected majority party in 1971, now opposition refused to compromise and
took the case to
the streets. Urban shopkeepers, businessmen, students, women and even the
intelligentsia
joined hands against the government. The result was the third Martial Law and
end of democracy.

Write a very brief note on the 2nd Constituent Assembly 1955?
2nd Constituent Assembly, June-July 1955
Ghulam Muhammad called a Convention on May 10, 1955. All its members were
to be elected
indirectly (by the provincial assemblies). In this way, the 2nd CA came into
existence.

What is the situation of resources or budget allocation in education sector of
Pakistan?
Problem of Resources:
Resource allocation for education is far from satisfactory. It is much less than
what a large
number of countries spend on education, especially those having developed after
World War II.
Most of these allocations go to salaries and administration.
Fewer amounts are given for infrastructure, facilities of research and
development.

How do you explain "Diversity in the nature of Territory" of Pakistan?
Diversity in the nature of territory:
North and Northwest: It includes Mountains of Himalayan and trans-Himalayan
Ranges, Korakoram & Pamirs, which includes some of highest peaks like K2,
Nanga
Parbat etc.
West: Baluchistan Plateau is about 1000 feet in elevation with dry mountains
crossing it from northeast to the southwest. Here very little rainfall occurs.
Indus Plains: Main agricultural region in the middle of the Indus valley.
The Potohar Plateau is there in the East of upper Indus plains.
In South East of Indus Plains there is Deserts Thal, Cholistan and Thar.

Do you think that the policy measures adopted by Ayub Khan became the
reasons of his downfall?
Indo-Pakistan war started and at the end of war Tashkand Pact was signed with
India. People
were not satisfied with this pact. They also resented the election results of 1965.
Fruits of
economic development were not distributed at masses level. Wealth of nation
was concentrated
in a few hands. This brought people to agitation and public demand resulted in
resignation of the
president.

Draw attention to the characteristics/features of the constitution of 1973?
Features of the Constitution
3.1. Parliamentary System
It was a parliamentary constitution having powerful Prime Minister (PM) as head
of government
with a very weak President.
President must act on the advice of PM. All his orders were to be countersigned
by PM. Prime
Minister to be elected by the NA.
PM exercised all executive authority.
PM was answerable to the NA.
In 1985, powers of the President were increased. He enjoyed some discretion in
appointments of
PM. He had power to dissolve the NA. He had the powers of appointment of
caretaker PM.
He gives his assent to bills passed by the parliament or returns these.
3.2. President:
Must be at least 45 years of age, Muslim, qualified to become member of the NA.
He is elected
by the Parliament and the Provincial Assemblies for 5 years.
3.3. Parliament with two houses:
Upper House called Senate. In this house equal representation is given to
Provinces.
Seats are reserved for the tribal areas, women and technocrats. Its original
strength http://www.vustudents.net
was 63, which was later raised to 87 and then 100.
Senate is elected indirectly. It’s a permanent House as half of its members are
elected
after three years.
Lower House: National Assembly is elected on population basis. Its Original
strength
was 210 but now it is 342. NA is elected for five years.
Senate: Indirect elections
National Assembly: Direct elections
Voting age for the franchise is lowered from 21 to 18.
Parliament under 1973 constitution is a powerful legislative body. It enjoys all
legislative powers. It has control of the executive through questions, resolutions,
parliamentary committees etc.
National Assembly is more powerful than the Senate. Budget is presented
before NA.
Cabinet is answerable to National Assembly.
3.4. Federal System
Federation of Pakistan has four provinces and federally administered areas.
Two lists are given in the constitution: Federal list and Concurrent list. Residuary
powers belong
to provinces.
3.5. Provincial Structure:
Provincial Governors are appointed by the President on the advice of the PM.
Elected Chief
Minister exercises executive powers. Parliamentary system is there in the
provinces.
Size of the provincial assemblies varies:
In 2002:
Punjab 371
Sindh 168
NWFP 124
Balochistan 65
Enough provincial autonomy is guaranteed. Tradition of strong centre continues.
Centre has emergency powers. Governor’s rule can be imposed if the
government cannot
function in the provinces.
Provinces are dependent on centre for Finances.
3.6. Principles of Policy:
a. Islamic provisions are provided in Principles of Policy. Foreign policy
principles are also given under this heading.
3.7. Fundamental Rights:
b. Fundamental Rights are secured in the constitution and are implemented
through the highest court.
3.8. Islamic Provisions:
c. Title of the state is Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
d. The objectives resolution was the Preamble in the initial constitution but
through article 2-A of 8th amendment it was inserted in the constitution in 1985.
e. Islam was declared the State Religion of Pakistan.
f. Definition of Muslim was included by an amendment.
g. Principles of Policy also carry some Islamic clauses.
h. Council for Islamic Ideology is established under the constitution.
i. Federal Shariat Court was added in 1981.
3.9. National Language:
j. Urdu is declared National Language, however English may be used for
official purposes until arrangements would be made for its replacement by Urdu.
k. Provincial Assembly may prescribe measures for teaching, promotion
and use of a provincial language in addition to the national language.
3.10. National Security Council:
l. National Security Council was added in 2002 in advisory capacity.
3.11. Judiciary:
m. An independent judiciary is given under the constitution. Supreme Court
of Pakistan is the highest court. One High Court is established in each province
and one in Azad Kashmir. A chain of lower courts is there under the high courts.

Tell very shortly about the Modern Technology Education
Modern Technology and Education:
Technology education means education of IT, Computers- software and
hardware. IT and regular
education, Access to knowledge and technical education.

What was the issue of Separate or Joint Electorate in the begining years of
Pakistan?
3: Separate or Joint Electorate
Separate electorate was adopted on the demand of Muslims in 1909 by the
British Government.
But the minorities did not favour this after independence. Religious elements
supported this as a
part of heritage.

Who was Khawaja Nazimuddine?
He was the governal general of Pakistan during Sept. 1948-Oct 1951
He was also the prime minister of Pakistan durig oct1951-apri1953

Highlight the Shahabuddine Commission set up by Ayub Khan in 1960?
A Constitutional Commission was established in February 1960 under the
chairmanship of
Justice Shahabuddin, former Chief Justice. The tasks assigned to the
Commission were:
To examine the causes of failure of Parliamentary system.
Recommend a new system keeping in view the
(a) genius of people
(b) standard of education
(c) internal conditions of the country
(d) need of development

Give your opinion about Pakistan's Political development during 1972 to 2008

Describe the Presidential Referendum held in February1960?
Fall 2008

When the powers of the president were increased under the Constitution of 1973?
► In, 1973
► In, 1977
► In, 1985
► In, 1988

► Operational
► Suspended

► In August, 1952
► In April, 1952

Which one of the following clarifies the scope of power, relationship among various
institutions within the government and society?
► Constituent Assembly
► Constitution
► Senate

How many seats were captured by Pakistan Peoples Party in the general elections of
1970?
► 81 seats
► 160 seats
► 162 seats
► 138 seats

How many seats were captured by Awami League in the general elections of 1970?
► 81 seats
► 160 seats
► 162 seats
► 138 seats

Which constitutional document is proved to be the ‘foundation’ of the constitutional
developments in Pakistan?


“The Constitution had 234 articles and 6 schedules in which the whole constitutional
framework and principles for governance and power management have been outlined”.
This text belongs to which constitution?

► 8th June, 1958
► 23rd March, 1958

What is the minimum age of the president of Pakistan according to the Constitution of
1956?
► 45 years
► 40 years
► 50 years
► 35 years
► 1970
► 1950
► 1949
► 1961

When did Chaudhry Rehmat Ali establish Pakistan National Movement?
► In, 1933
► In, 1940
► In, 1948
► In, 1951

► October 30, 1930

In which of his writings Iqbal talked about the Indian unity and the differences among the
Muslims and the Hindus?
► Baange-e-Dara
► Zaboor-e-Ajam
► Nala-i-Yatim
► Jawab-e-Shikwa

What was the factor which undermined the civilian governments installed during
1988 to 1996?
► The military interference in politics
► Most of these were coalition governments
► External pressure of super powers
► Pursuance of ulterior motives by leaders

Who became the Interim Prime Minister of Pakistan minister in 1990?
► Dr, Moeen Qureshi
► Meer Balkh Sher Mazari
► Malik Meraj Khalid
► Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi

When did Zia’s military government hold presidential referendum in Pakistan?
► In 1983
► In 1979
► In 1984
► In 1985

Which mineral resource is used in chemical industry?
► Iron Ore
► Chromites
► Sulphur
► Gypsum

► Iron Ore
► Chromites
► Sulphur
► Gypsum

► 600 miles
► 450 miles
► 1600 miles
► 1200 miles

► In 1901
► In 1935
► In 1970
► In1954

Why did Quaid-i-Azam launch “Direct Action Day” on August 16, 1946?
► To protest against breach of pledge by Viceroy F.M Lord Wavell
► To oppose the Congress policies
► To get support from the masses for party membership
► To curb the upsurge of the National Muslims

In which year the mosque in KANPUR was demolished?
► In 1911
► In 1913
► In 1916
► In 1908

In which year Quad-e-Azam joined Muslim League?
► In 1906
► In 1913
► In 1920
► In 1908

► Organization of Islamic Conference

When did the rule of East India Company come into end in the British India?
► In 1857
► In 1858
► In 1947
► In 1948

► Cairo
► Makah
► Rabat
► Lahore

Which state’s head was the very first to visit Pakistan?
► Libya
► Saudi Arabia
► Afghanistan
► Iran

► World Politics
► Foreign Policy
► Diplomacy


commission in 1960.


Draw attention to the Criticism on the 2nd Basic Principles Committee Report
1952?



beginning?


When the powers of the president were increased under the Constitution of 1973?
► In, 1973
► In, 1977
► In, 1985
► In, 1988

► Operational
► Suspended

► In August, 1952
► In April, 1952

► Constitution
► Senate

http://www.vustudents.net1970?
► 81 seats
► 160 seats
► 162 seats
► 138 seats
► 81 seats
► 160 seats
► 162 seats
► 138 seats

Which constitutional document is proved to be the ‘foundation’ of the constitutional
developments in Pakistan?


“The Constitution had 234 articles and 6 schedules in which the whole constitutional
framework and principles for governance and power management have been outlined”.
This text belongs to which constitution?


► 8th June, 1958
► 23rd March, 1958

1956?
► 45 years
► 40 years
► 50 years
► 35 years

► 1970
► 1950
► 1949
► 1961

When did Chaudhry Rehmat Ali establish Pakistan National Movement?
► In, 1933
► In, 1940
► In, 1948
► In, 1951

► October 30, 1930

In which of his writings Iqbal talked about the http://www.vustudents.net Indian unity
and the differences among the Muslims and the Hindus?
► Baange-e-Dara
► Zaboor-e-Ajam
► Nala-i-Yatim
► Jawab-e-Shikwa

What was the factor which undermined the civilian governments installed during
1988 to 1996?
► The military interference in politics
► Most of these were coalition governments
► External pressure of super powers
► Pursuance of ulterior motives by leaders

Who became the Interim Prime Minister of Pakistan minister in 1990?
► Dr, Moeen Qureshi
► Meer Balkh Sher Mazari
► Malik Meraj Khalid
► Ghulam Mustafa Jatoi

► In 1983
► In 1979
► In 1984
► In 1985

Which mineral resource is used in chemical industry?
► Iron Ore
► Chromites
► Sulphur
► Gypsum

► Iron Ore
► Chromites
► Sulphur
► Gypsum
► 600 miles
► 450 miles
► 1600 miles
► 1200 miles

► In 1901
► In 1935
► In 1970
► In1954

Why did Quaid-i-Azam launch “Direct Action Day” on August 16, 1946?
► To protest against breach of pledge by Viceroy F.M Lord Wavell
► To oppose the Congress policies
► To get support from the masses for party membership
► To curb the upsurge of the National Muslims

► In 1911
► In 1913
► In 1916
► In 1908

In which year Quad-e-Azam joined Muslim League?
► In 1906
► In 1913
► In 1920
► In 1908

► Organization of Islamic Conference

When did the rule of East India Company come http://www.vustudents.net into end in
the British India?
► In 1857
► In 1858
► In 1947
► In 1948

► Cairo
► Makah
► Rabat
► Lahore
Which state’s head was the very first to visit Pakistan?
► Libya
► Saudi Arabia
► Afghanistan
► Iran

► World Politics
► Foreign Policy
► Diplomacy


commission in 1960.



Draw attention to the Criticism on the 2nd Basic Principles Committee Report
1952?


beginning?


first?
► Iran
► Syria
► Turkey
► Labia

► In 1857
► In 1858
► In 1947
► In 1948

Why was the Mission send in 1945 called as Cabinet Mission Plan?
► It was recommended by the British Cabinet
► It consisted of three British Cabinet's members

► It consisted of the members of Indian Cabinet
► It was recommended by British Indian Cabinet
Question No: 4 http://www.vustudents.net ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

► In 1901
► In 1935
► In 1970
► In1954

What was the population of Pakistan according to the first census in 1951?
► 36.2 Million (34 million)
► 46.2 Million
► 65.3 Million
► 84.3 Million


► 600 miles
► 450 miles
► 1600 miles
► 1200 miles

What is the total length of the boundary with India on the Eastern side of Pakistan?
► About 1600 miles
► About 450 miles

► On July, 5 1979
► On July, 5 1977
► On April, 4 1979
► On April, 4 1977

When the Principle of Usher or agricultural tax was introduced on agricultural
production?
► In 1981
► In 1984
► In 1983
► In 1985

Why did Muslim League badly perform in the elections of 1937?
► Due to the organizational problems and opposition by local Muslim groups
► Because the British government was against the Muslim League
► Because the Congress Party was very famous among the masses
► The elections were not transparent and clearly fixed by Congress

► Unionist Party
► United Party
► Muslim League
"North Western areas are Muslim majority ares. We will not only keep these majorities
but will turn them into a Muslim state. Muslims should get rid of Indianism, it is better
for Muslims and Islam".
Who said this statement?
► Quaid-i-Azam
► Allama Iqbal
► Ch. Rehmat Ali
► Hafiz Jhalandari
In which year Chaudhry Rehmat Ali died?
► In, 1933
► In, 1940
► In, 1948
► In, 1951

► None of these

Which was the first educational step that Sir Syed Ahmed Khan took in academic
sphere?
►MAO College
►Victoria School
►Gulshan School
►Scientific Society

How many kinds of education are there in Pakistan?
►8
►6
►4
►2

1960
1958
1950
1948

► 8th June, 1958
► 23rd March, 1958


Which constitutional document is described as Magna Carta in the constitutional
history of Pakistan?


Who did incorporate the Objectives Resolution in the Constitution of Pakistan?
► Field Martial Ayub Khan
► General Yahya Khan
► General Zia-ul-Haq
► General Pervaiz Musharraf

What was sure about Pakistan?
► That Pakistan would be An Islamic state

► That Pakistan would be A secular state
► That Pakistan would be A democratic state
► That Pakistan would be An Islamic democratic state

Who was the 2nd Governor General of Pakistan?
► Quaid-e-Azam
► Ghulam Mohammad
► Khawaja Nazimuddin
► Iskander Mirza

► In April, 1953
► In August, 1955

► 81 seats
► 160 seats
► 162 seats (167)
► 138 seats

► Constitution
► Senate

► In August, 1952
► In April, 1952

In which year Two Language Formula was adopted in Pakistan?
► 1954
► 1955
► 1956
► 1957

what was the status of the Constitution of 1973 from1999-2002?
► Operational
► Suspended

Ans. Constitution is the system for government often codified a written document
that establishes the rules and principles of autonoumus.
Central Asian Stats and Pans.

Very shortly tell about the Fisheries Sector in Pakistan
Ans. It offers direct employmentto our one million peoples most of which work as
fisherme
Write not on the National Language Issue under the Constitution of 1973?
Ansr:
1) The National language of Pakistan is Urdu, and arrangements shall be made for its
being used for official and other purposes within fifteen years from the commencing
day.
(2) Subject to clause (1), the English language may be used for official purposes until
arrangements are made for its replacement by Urdu.
(3) Without prejudice to the status of the National Language, a Provincial Assembly may
by law prescribe measure for the teaching, promotion and use of a provincial language
in addition to the national language.



Draw attention to The Civilian Rule 1985-1999 in a country.

Write a short note on the Dissolution of the First Constituent Assembly?


How far it is true that Pakistan is rich in Natural Resources?

first?
► Iran
► Syria
► Turkey
► Labia

► In 1857
► In 1858
► In 1947
► In 1948

Why was the Mission send in 1945 called as Cabinet Mission Plan?

► In 1901
► In 1935
► In 1970
► In1954

► 36.2 Million (34 million)
► 46.2 Million
► 65.3 Million
► 84.3 Million

► 600 miles
► 450 miles
► 1600 miles
► 1200 miles

What is the total length of the boundary with India on the Eastern side of Pakistan?
► About 450 miles

► On July, 5 1979
► On July, 5 1977
► On April, 4 1979
► On April, 4 1977

production?
► In 1981
► In 1984
► In 1983
► In 1985

Why did Muslim League badly perform in the elections of 1937?
► Due to the organizational problems and opposition by local Muslim groups
► Because the British government was against the Muslim League
► Because the Congress Party was very famous among the masses
► The elections were not transparent and clearly fixed by Congress

► Unionist Party
► United Party
► Muslim League
"North Western areas are Muslim majority ares. We will not only keep these majorities
but will turn them into a Muslim state. Muslims should get rid of Indianism, it is better
for Muslims and Islam".
Who said this statement?
► Quaid-i-Azam
► Allama Iqbal
► Ch. Rehmat Ali
► Hafiz Jhalandari

In which year Chaudhry Rehmat Ali died?
► In, 1933
► In, 1940
► In, 1948
► In, 1951

► None of these

Which was the first educational step that Sir Syed Ahmed Khan took in academic
sphere?
►MAO College
►Victoria School
►Gulshan School
►Scientific Society

►8
►6
►4
►2

1960
1958
1950
1948

► 8th June, 1958
► 23rd March, 1958




Who did incorporate the Objectives Resolution in the Constitution of Pakistan?



Who was the 2nd Governor General of Pakistan?
► Quaid-e-Azam
► Ghulam Mohammad
► Iskander Mirza

► In April, 1953
► In August, 1955

► 81 seats
► 160 seats
► 162 seats (167)
► 138 seats

► Constitution
► Senate
► In August, 1952
► In April, 1952

In which year Two Language Formula was adopted in Pakistan?
► 1954
► 1955
► 1956
► 1957

what was the status of the Constitution of 1973 from1999-2002?
► Operational
► Suspended

Ans. Constitution is the system for government often codified a written document
that establishes the rules and principles of autonoumus.
Central Asian Stats and Pans.
Very shortly tell about the Fisheries Sector in Pakistan
Ans. It offers direct employmentto our one million peoples most of which work as
fisherme
Write not on the National Language Issue under the Constitution of 1973?
Ansr:
1) The National language of Pakistan is Urdu, and arrangements shall be made for its
being used for official and other purposes within fifteen years from the commencing
day.
(2) Subject to clause (1), the English language may be used for official purposes until
arrangements are made for its replacement by Urdu.
(3) Without prejudice to the status of the National Language, a Provincial Assembly may
by law prescribe measure for the teaching, promotion and use of a provincial language
in addition to the national language.



Draw attention to The Civilian Rule 1985-1999 in a country.

Write a short note on the Dissolution of the First Constituent Assembly?


How far it is true that Pakistan is rich in Natural Resources?
40 question total
30 objective each question 1 marks
5 questio subj each question 2 marks
3 queston subj 3marks
2 very lenthy question each question 10 marks
question 1 (2 mark)
justice shabudin
question 2 (2 marks)
Modern Technology Education
question 3 (2marks)
define Two Major Crops
question 4 (3 marks )
Distinct Education
questin 5 (5 marks )
Mohd Ali Bagora Formula?
Question 6 (5marks)
Foreign Policy
question 7 (5marks)
Bpc 2nd Report
Question 8 :
Define natural resources of Pakistan ? 10 marks
Question 9:
Constitution of 1973 ? 10 marks
Dear students very soryy koi ek sawal 2 marks ka tha who mjh yad he nahi arahah hai
Bt itna b kafi hai
Or jaha tk mera experience hai k last k jo 3 chapter hai foregn policy or natural resources or
muslim world who puray puray yad kray tau bht achi baat hogi
Or objective b bata he du tau ap logo ko or khushi mil jai gi shahid
Is may se mjh atmost 20 objective aya tahy tau plz yh b zarur yad kray
Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan joined

the ECO (renamed of RCD) later on. Which one of the following joined it first?

► Cairo
► Makah
► Rabat
► Lahore
► Quaid-e-Azam
► Allama Iqbal
► Rowlett Act
► Lucknow Pact
► Nehru Report
► Fourteen Points pg 19

► Sir Agha Khan
► Wiqar-ul-Mulk
How many seats, in the provincial assembly elections 1946, Muslim League won in
Bengal Province?
► 113 out of 119 seats pg 28
► In 1991
► In 2001
► In 1998
► In 2004
► Platinum
► Uranium pg 60
► Lithium
► Potassium
► On July, 5 1979 pg 54
► On July, 5 1977
► On April, 4 1979
► On April, 4 1977

production?
► In 1981
► In 1984
► In 1983 pg 55
► In 1985

► The British declared war on behalf of India without consulting
Congress pg 25
► December 30, 1930 pg 21
► October 30, 1930
► Highly appreciated by the non-Muslims pg 4
► None of these
► Basic Principle Committee 41

► 1947
► 1948 /42
► 1949
► 1950
► Education through phone
► Education through post mail
► Education through TV and Internet
► All of them 67
What does the term “Ghost School” Stand for?
► None of them 64 not cnfrm

► 1960
► 1958
► 1950
► 1948 /63
1956?
► 45 years
► 40 years
► 50 years
► 35 years
► The Constitution of 1962 pg42


► In April, 1953 pg 52
► In August, 1955
► In August, 1971
► In 1968
► In 1969
► In 1970
► In 1971
1970?
► 81 seats /53
► 160 seats
► 162 seats
► 138 seats
► In December, 1952 /41
► In August, 1952
► In April, 1952
► In October, 1955 pg/42
► In August, 1955
► In March, 1955
► 1954
► 1955
► 1956
► 1957 pg42
► 300 members not cnfrm
► 320 members
► 342 members
► 345 members
Quiz Start Time: 12:55 PM

Time Left
34
sec(s)
Question # 1 of 10 ( Start time: 12:55:46 PM )

Total Marks: 1
When the title of Sir was conferred to Allama Iqbal?
Select correct option:
In, 1916
In, 1922
In, 1927
In, 1930
Total Marks: 1
In which of his writings Iqbal talked about the Indian unity and doing away of the differences among the Muslims and
the Hindus?
Baange-e-Dara
Zaboor-e-Ajam
Nala-i-Yatim
Jawab-e-Shikwa
Total Marks: 1
Who was called as the ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity?
Sir Agha Khan
Gandhi
Quaid-e-Azam
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
Total Marks: 1
When did Indian Patriotic Association was set up?
In 1885
In 1887
In 1888
In 1889
Total Marks: 1
From which university Chaudhry Rehmat Ali got his higher education?
Monique University
Oxford University
Cambridge University
Aligarh University
Total Marks: 1
Why Poona Pact was concluded in September 1932?
It was an agreement between Congress and the British (Not Confirmed)
It was an agreement between Congress and the Muslim League
An agreement between Congress and lower caste in India
An agreement signed between Muslim League and the British
Question # 8 of 10 ( Start time: 01:05:26 PM ) Total Marks: 1

In 1933 NOW OR NEVER was written by?

Quaid-e-Azam
Sir Syed Ahmed Khan
Chaudhry Rehmat Ali
Allama Iqbal

Which document reflected the aspirations of every Muslim living in India?
Lucknow Pact
Delhi Proposals
Nehru Report (Not Confirmed)
Jinnah’s Fourteen Points

Who did introduce Din-e-Ilahi?
Jahangir
Shehansha Akbar
Aurangzeb Alamgir
Shahjahan

When did Chaudhry Rehmat Ali write “Now or Never”?
In, 1930
In, 1931
In, 1932
In, 1933
Spring 2009
Time: 120 min
Marks: 75
Student Info
StudentID:
Center: OPKST
ExamDate: 7/3/2009 12:00:00 AM

Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan
joined the ECO (renamed of RCD) later on. Which one of the following joined it
first?


► Cairo
► Makah
► Rabat
► Lahore

► Quaid-e-Azam
► Allama Iqbal

► Rowlett Act
► Lucknow Pact
► Nehru Report
► Fourteen Points

► Sir Agha Khan
► Wiqar-ul-Mulk

Bengal Province?


► In 1991
► In 2001
► In 1998
► In 2004
► Platinum
► Uranium
► Lithium
► Potassium

► On July, 5 1979
► On July, 5 1977
► On April, 4 1979
► On April, 4 1977

production?
► In 1981
► In 1984
► In 1983
► In 1985



► October 30, 1930

► None of these

►Basic Primary Constitution
►Basic Parliament Commission
►Basic Permanent Committee
►Basic Principle Committee

►1947
►1948
►1949
►1950

►Education through phone
►Education through post mail
►Education through TV and Internet
►All of them


► None of them

► 1960
► 1958
► 1950
► 1948

1956?
► 45 years
► 40 years
► 50 years
► 35 years



► In April, 1953
► In August, 1955

► In August, 1971
► In 1968
► In 1969
► In 1970
► In 1971

1970?
► 81 seats
► 160 seats
► 162 seats
► 138 seats

► In August, 1952
► In April, 1952

► In August, 1955
► In March, 1955

► 1954
► 1955
► 1956
► 1957

► 300 members
► 320 members
► 342 members
► 345 members










Comment on the importance of Education and why Pakistan’s position is low down
in Literacy?
Time: 120 min

Marks: 75
Student Info
StudentID:
Center: OPKST
ExamDate: 7/3/2009 12:00:00 AM

first?


► Cairo
► Makah
► Rabat
► Lahore

Who did initiate the notion of Two Nation Theory?http://www.vustudents.net
► Quaid-e-Azam
► Allama Iqbal

► Rowlett Act
► Lucknow Pact
► Nehru Report
► Fourteen Points

► Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk http://www.vustudents.net
► Sir Agha Khan
► Wiqar-ul-Mulk

Bengal Province?


► In 1991
► In 2001
► In 1998
► In 2004

► Platinum
► Uranium
► Lithium
► Potassium

► On July, 5 1979
► On July, 5 1977
► On April, 4 1979
► On April, 4 1977

production?
► In 1981
► In 1984
► In 1983
► In 1985


When did Iqbal present his famous Allahabad Address? http://www.vustudents.net
► October 30, 1930

► None of these


►1947
►1948
►1949
►1950




► None of them

► 1960
► 1958
► 1950
► 1948

1956?
► 45 years
► 40 years
► 50 years
► 35 years

► The Objectives Resolution http://www.vustudents.net


► In April, 1953
► In August, 1955

► In August, 1971

► In 1968
► In 1969
► In 1970
► In 1971

1970?
► 81 seats
► 160 seats
► 162 seats
► 138 seats

► In August, 1952
► In April, 1952

► In August, 1955
► In March, 1955

► 1954
► 1955
► 1956
► 1957

► 300 members
► 320 members
► 342 members
► 345 members










in Literacy?
Time: 120 min
Marks: 75
Student Info
StudentID:
Center: OPKST
ExamDate: 7/3/2009 12:00:00 AM

first?


► Cairo
► Makah
► Rabat
► Lahore

Who did initiate the notion of Two Nation Theory?http://www.vustudents.net
► Quaid-e-Azam
► Allama Iqbal

► Rowlett Act
► Lucknow Pact
► Nehru Report
► Fourteen Points

► Nawab Mohsin-ul-Mulk http://www.vustudents.net
► Sir Agha Khan
► Wiqar-ul-Mulk

Bengal Province?


► In 1991
► In 2001
► In 1998
► In 2004

► Platinum
► Uranium
► Lithium
► Potassium

► On July, 5 1979
► On July, 5 1977
► On April, 4 1979
► On April, 4 1977

production?
► In 1981
► In 1984
► In 1983
► In 1985


When did Iqbal present his famous Allahabad Address? http://www.vustudents.net
► October 30, 1930

► None of these


►1947
►1948
►1949
►1950




► None of them

► 1960
► 1958
► 1950
► 1948

1956?
► 45 years
► 40 years
► 50 years
► 35 years

► The Objectives Resolution http://www.vustudents.net


► In April, 1953
► In August, 1955

► In August, 1971

► In 1968
► In 1969
► In 1970
► In 1971

1970?
► 81 seats
► 160 seats
► 162 seats
► 138 seats

► In August, 1952
► In April, 1952

► In August, 1955
► In March, 1955

► 1954
► 1955
► 1956
► 1957

► 300 members
► 320 members
► 342 members
► 345 members










in Literacy?

Spring 2010
Time: 90 min
Marks: 55
“The political right of the majority to the exercise of power within the boundaries of a
generally accepted political unit, area, or territory”.
Which one of the following highlights the above definition?
► Decolonization
► Right of self-determination
► Freedom movement
► Anti –colonialism
► In 1857
► In 1858
► In 1947
► In 1948
► In 1911
► In 1913
► In 1916
► In 1908
Why was the Mission send in 1945 called as Cabinet Mission Plan? www.vustudents.net
Who imposed the longest martial law in Pakistan?
► General Ayub Khan
► General Zia-Ul-Haq
When the system of Local government was abolished from Pakistan?
► In 1977
► In 1979
► In 1981
► In 1983
► In 1983
► In 1979
► In 1984
► In 1985

For what purpose Wardha Educational Scheme was introduced by Hindus?
► To convert Muslims into Hinduism through primary educational literature
► To preach the basics of Hindu religion at the primary level
► To convert Sikhs into Hinduism through primary educational literature
► To convert the British into Hinduism through primary educational literature
When was the report on Muslims sufferings presented by Fazal-e-Haq?
► In March, 1939
► In March, 1938
How many members of the First Constituent Assembly were increased after the 1947?
► From 49 to 59
► From 59 to 69
► From 69 to 79
► From 39 to 49
What was the basic objective of the appointment of Mountbatten as Viceroy in 1947?
www.vustudents.net
► To prolong British rule in India
To prolong British rule in India
To prolong British rule in India
► Because he was a good administrator
► To wind up the British rule in India
► Because he was affiliated with Congress
What is literacy rate of Pakistan?
► 40%
► 46%
► 50%
► 56%
► Education through phone
► Education through post mail
► Education through TV and Internet
► All of them
►8
►6
►4
►2
Who was the president of Pakistan in 1958?
► Ghulam Muhammad
► Iskander Mirza
► None of these
When did military assume power in Pakistan for the first time?
► On 23 March, 1956
► On 17 February, 1960
► On 7 October, 1958
► On 14 August, 1956
Who was the first president of Pakistan?
► Ayub Khan
► Iskander Mirza
► Ghulam Mohammad
Which constitutional body in Pakistan enjoys only advisory capacity?
► Senate
► National Security Council
► Supreme Court
In which year the incident of "Chaura Chori" took place?
► In 1919
► In 1920
► In 1922
► In 1924
Briefly tell about the Relations between Pakistan and Egypt?
Write a very brief note on Land Reforms in Pakistan. www.vustudents.net
What was the total strength of the National Assembly under the 1956 Constitution?
Draw attention to Junagarh issue.
Briefly tell about the issue of Islamic or Secular status of Pakistan as a State?
Write down some line about the educational career of Allama Iqbal.
Write a note on the Geographical location of Pakistan.www.vustudents.net
Write a brief note on the process of Industrialization during Bhutto regime.
What do you know about the River/Cannal System in Pakistan?
Write a note on the industrialization in Pakistan during Bhutto and Zia’s regimes.
Outline the criticism raised against the First Report of Basic Principle Committee
Spring 2010
Ref No: 1510227
Time: 90 min
Marks: 55
Student Info
StudentID: BC090403558
Center: OPKST
ExamDate: 11 Aug 2010

Q 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total
No.
Marks
Q No. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Marks
Q No. 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Marks
Q No. 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Marks
In which city the All India Muslim League was founded?
► Lucknow
► Delhi
► Lahore
► Dhaka

► In 1901
► In 1935
► In 1970
► In1954
Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) http://vustudents.ning.com - Please choose one

► 36.2 Million
► 46.2 Million
► 65.3 Million
► 84.3 Million

When did the Land Reforms introduce in Pakistan for the first time?
► In 1972
► In 1959
► In 1977
► In 1964


Who was the chief minister of Bengal during the rule of Congress Ministries?
http://vustudents.ning.com
► A. K. Fazal-e-Haq
► Sir Sikander Hayat Khan
► Sir Saad Ullah
► Khizar Hayat Tiwana

► October 30, 1930

Which Act is called as Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms also?
► Indian Council Act of 1892

In which constitutional document principle of Separate Electorate was integrated?

► 40%
► 46%
► 50%
► 56%

►8
►6
►4
►2



► 1970
► 1950
► 1949
► 1961

1956? http://vustudents.ning.com
► 45 years
► 40 years
► 50 years
► 35 years

Who is said to be the First Martial Law Administrator in Pakistan?

1962?
► 40 years
► 45 years
► 50 years
► 55 years
When did Liaquat Ali khan die?
► In August, 1951

What was the purpose of formulation of Basic Principles Committees in 1950?
► To solve the National Language issue between East and West Pakistan
► To frame the constitution for the new state of Pakistan
► To evolve a standard formula for representation of units and population
► To formulate the task of One Unit Scheme

► On March 23, 1969
► On March 25, 1969

► In 1919
► In 1920
► In 1922
► In 1924
Briefly explain The Muhammadan Anglo Oriental (MAO) College in Aligarh

What are Pakistan's views on Arm Race among the States? Very briefly underline.

Why did Administrative Reforms introduce in 1st Phase of 1972-77?

Write note on Advisory council for Islamic Ideology under the Constitution of 1962?

Write a very short note on The National Language Issue after
independence?
.

What was the political status of Punjab after the elections of 1946?

What do you know about the term “Industrialization”?


What were the Major Policies introduced by the Governmentof Z. A.
Bhutto?

Highlight the Reaction to Muhammad Ali Bogra Formula 1953?
Spring 2010
Ref No: 1510227
Time: 90 min
Marks: 55
Student Info
StudentID: BC090403558
Center: OPKST
ExamDate: 11 Aug 2010

Q 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total
No.
Marks
Q No. 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Marks
Q No. 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Marks
Q No. 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Marks
In which city the All India Muslim League was founded?
► Lucknow
► Delhi
► Lahore
► Dhaka

► In 1901
► In 1935
► In 1970
► In1954
Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) http://vustudents.ning.com - Please choose one

► 36.2 Million
► 46.2 Million
► 65.3 Million
► 84.3 Million

When did the Land Reforms introduce in Pakistan for the first time?
► In 1972
► In 1959
► In 1977
► In 1964


Who was the chief minister of Bengal during the rule of Congress Ministries?
► A. K. Fazal-e-Haq
► Sir Sikander Hayat Khan
► Sir Saad Ullah
► Khizar Hayat Tiwana

► October 30, 1930

Which Act is called as Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms also?

In which constitutional document principle of Separate Electorate was integrated?

► 40%
► 46%
► 50%
► 56%

►8
►6
►4
►2



► 1970
► 1950
► 1949
► 1961

1956? http://vustudents.ning.com
► 45 years
► 40 years
► 50 years
► 35 years

Who is said to be the First Martial Law Administrator in Pakistan?

1962?
► 40 years
► 45 years
► 50 years
► 55 years
When did Liaquat Ali khan die?
► In August, 1951

What was the purpose of formulation of Basic Principles Committees in 1950?
► To solve the National Language issue between East and West Pakistan
► To frame the constitution for the new state of Pakistan
► To evolve a standard formula for representation of units and population
► To formulate the task of One Unit Scheme

► On March 23, 1969
► On March 25, 1969

► In 1919
► In 1920
► In 1922
► In 1924
Briefly explain The Muhammadan Anglo Oriental (MAO) College in Aligarh

What are Pakistan's views on Arm Race among the States? Very briefly underline.

Why did Administrative Reforms introduce in 1st Phase of 1972-77?

Write note on Advisory council for Islamic Ideology under the Constitution of 1962?

Write a very short note on The National Language Issue after
independence?
.

What was the political status of Punjab after the elections of 1946?

What do you know about the term “Industrialization”?


What were the Major Policies introduced by the Governmentof Z. A.
Bhutto?

Highlight the Reaction to Muhammad Ali Bogra Formula 1953?

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FINALTERM EXAMINATION

For Teacher's Use Only

Question No: 2 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

► In the year 1990

► In the year 1992

► In the year 1991

► In the year 1993

Question No: 4 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

► On the issue of representation

► On the issue of Non-Cooperation

► On the issue of minority rights

Question No: 5 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

► In the year 1971

► In the year 1972

► In the year 1973

► In the year 1974

Question No: 6 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 7 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

► Khudai Khidmat gar party

► December 30, 1930

► November 30, 1930

► October 30, 1930

► September 30, 1930

Question No: 9 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

► To accept or reject the proposals of Cripps Mission

► To settle the political disputes of Muslim League and Congress

► To solve the problems of minorities in India

► To planned on the division of India if British quit

Question No: 10 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 11 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

► Khawja Nazimud Din

Question No: 12 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 13 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 14 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

► Ahkam-i-Tawam Ahlil Kitaab

Question No: 15 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

► Because he was a good administrator

► To wind up the British rule in India

► Because he was affiliated with Congress

Question No: 16 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

► Number of schools exist on papers only

Question No: 17 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

► Pakistan international Development Corporation

Question No: 18 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 19 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 20 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

► The Constitution of 1956

► The Constitution of 1962

► The Constitution of 1973

► The Objectives Resolution

Question No: 21 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

► Indian Independence Act of 1947

► Government of India Act, 1935

► The Objectives Resolution

Question No: 22 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 23 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

► Hussain Shahid Suhrawardy

► Liaquat Ali Khan

Question No: 24 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 25 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Question No: 27 ( Marks: 3 )