FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & COMPUTING

ISO 9001:2008 & 14001:2004

Msc Engineering Project Management

User : Davis D Parakal

SID : 3357394
Module : Management of Quality
Module Leader : Phil Lewis
11/29/2010
ISO 9001:2008 & 14001:2004

Table of Content

Contents Page

1. Introduction 3

2. ISO 9001 & 14001 series of standards 3

2.1 Auditing for the Standards 3

2.2 ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 are generic standards 4

2.3 ISO 9001 into the organisation 4

2.4 ISO 14001 into the organisation 6

3. Hold both under an umbrella??- IMS 7

4. OHSAS 18001 HEALTH & SAFETY STANDARD 8

5. Total Quality Management 8

6. Pros and Cons! 9

7. References 10

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ISO 9001:2008 & 14001:2004

1.Introduction
This report discuss about the most common ISO standards used in the industries and
suggesting an integrated management system in order to maintain the total quality
management.
2.ISO 9001 & 14001 series of standards
ISO 9001 is an internationally accepted standard for effective quality systems. They
Stand for system standardization and certification rather than product standardization.
They do not replace but complement the product standards. ISO does not itself certify
organizations. Many countries have formed accreditation bodies to authorize
certification bodies, which audit organizations applying for ISO 9001 compliance
certification.
ISO 14001 is the standard that gives the requirements for an environmental
management system. It provides only guidelines on the elements of an environmental
management system and its implementation, and discusses principal issues involved. It
specifies the requirements for such an environmental management system. Fulfilling
these requirements demands objective evidence which can be audited to demonstrate
that the environmental management system is operating effectively in conformity to the
standard.
Main Motivations behind ISO 9001:2008 from older standards:
 Add features and develop the existing standards
 Improve Quality management systems
 Reduce the complexity and improve user friendliness
 compatibility with ISO 14001:2004
Main aims of ISO 14001:2004:
 Control and reduce the environmental impact of process activity output,
products or services
 improve its environmental performance continually
 Implement a systematic approach to setting environmental objectives and
targets, to achieving these and to demonstrating that they have been achieved.
Both ISO standards stand for Processes rather than the products and services from the
company. But integrating the quality standard end in the quality of product or service
and finally end up with the profit of the Industry.
2.1 Auditing for the Standards
Two types of auditing are required to become registered to the standard, auditing by an
external certification body (external audit) and audits by internal staff trained for this
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process (internal audits). The aim is a continual process of review and assessment, to
verify that the system is working as it's supposed to, find out where it can improve and
to correct or prevent problems identified. It is considered healthier for internal auditors
to audit outside their usual management line, so as to bring a degree of independence to
their judgments.
2.2 ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 are generic standards
Generic means that the same standards can be applied to any organization, large or
small, whatever its product or service, in any sector of activity, and whether it is a
business enterprise, a public administration, or a government department. Generic also
signifies that no matter what the organization's scope of activity if it wants to establish a
quality management system, ISO 9001 gives the essential features or if it wants to
establish an environmental management system, ISO 14001 gives the essential features.

2.3 ISO 9001 into the organisation

The major concern in implementing a quality assured system is all about developing a
Quality Management System. The continuous improvement is the backbone of the cyclic
process. A proper planning with good management of resources also makes the system
fir for ISO certification. A general model of such a process is guided by ISO itself. Below
figure explain that general model.

FIG (1): BS EN ISO 9001:2008, (2009)

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A real world example will explain more about the standards and integrating such
standards in to the process of the company. Infosys is the third largest private sector
company in India which provide services in banking software and business advisors.
Around 1.14 lakh employees are working in this company. According to the financial
data disclosed by Infosys, they had made revenue of 4,804 Million US dollars and gross
profit of 2,055 Million US dollars in the financial year 2009-2010.

Fig (2): PQMS: Product quality management System,

[Infosys Technologies Ltd, (sept 2007)]

This system mainly aim in the customer satisfaction with high quality. This entire
process is monitored and reviewed by the top management of Infosys. Test and defect
tracking system make it more effective with continuous improvement patterns. Proper
documentation of the process is maintained by the report management Sub-system and
it helped Infosys to achieve all standards and certificate quite easily. Product
management system holds the role to maintain the quality in Inventory management,

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configuration management, Lab management and product development cycles. This

quality management system holds ISO 9001 certification.

2.4 ISO 14001 into the organisation

Integrating ISO 14001 provides an assurance from management that it is in control of
the organizational processes and activities having an impact on the environment and
assure employees that they are working for an environmentally responsible
organization. This supports the organization's claims and communication about its own
environmental policies, plans and actions. Standard provides a framework for
demonstrating conformity via suppliers' declarations of conformity, assessment of
conformity by an external stakeholder - such as a business client - and for certification
of conformity by an independent certification body.
I am using the same company for narrating the real world with the standard. Infosys
technologies is the organization that holds its place in Top five “Green” IT companies in
India . They have the strong EMS and holds ISO 14001 standards and OHSAS 18001.

Infosys says it is focused on green buildings, water

harvesting and conservation, better transport management
by encouraging car pool for its employees and increasing
bio-diversity in its campuses. The company also has a
product lifecycle and engineering solutions business unit
that is focused on ‘green engineering’. The unit works on
new products as well as on refurbishing existing products
to make them more energy efficient. Infosys has also
decided to plant a tree for every new employee. Infosys has

One of the largest passive solar water heaters capacities in India, close to 5 lakh liters.
They also have an Eco Club to enthuse the employees to take up green. One of the most
successful initiatives of these clubs has been to reduce plastic waste at the campus.

Employees have also been urged to use the public transport for commuting and now
close to 80% of employees based in India use public transport and company buses.
There are a host of such measures being undertaken by the company to reduce its
carbon footprint. But the most significant has been its effort to bring out a Sustainability
Report.

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The above polices are simply an example that suit for that particular organization. It
varies in different scale and implementation in different organization.

3. Hold both under an umbrella??- IMS

Companies that have already implemented quality systems which are
comprehensive enough to meet the ISO 9001 standard have a clear advantage in
implementing an EMS. All management systems, whether focused on quality, safety, or
the environment, have certain core common elements. These include:
 Policies
 Management responsibilities and commitments
 Documentation for process and results
 Control of critical operations
 Training the system
 Records system
 Internal review and audits
 Corrective and testing system
 Management review for continual improvement
In the case of ISO 9001 and ISO 14001, there are similar (although not identical)
requirements for all of these core elements.
The main reason for an integrated management system- IMS, is the similarity between
ISO 9001 and ISO 14001.
“The figure shows the result of
authentic survey .Researchers
Advantages of Implementing ISO 9001 interviewed the auditors with
a structured questionnaires
were sent to 300 construction
firms in China. It point out the
main advantage of holding an
IMS with both standards”.

Fig (3):S.X. Zeng and P. Tian (2009)

IMSs by combining the ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 standards provide an effective way to
face the challenge. This system increases the effectiveness and efficiency of the
organization with a continual improvement cycle. Also the IMS can incorporate other

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standards along with the ISO. This will make the integrated management system more
effective suit for any type of organization in the world
4. OHSAS 18001 HEALTH & SAFETY STANDARD
Including OHSAS into the IMS makes the system best fit for maintain and achieve Total
Quality Management (TQM). OHSAS 18001 is an Occupation Health and Safety
Assessment Series for health and safety management systems. It is intended to help
organizations to control occupational health and safety risks. It was developed in
response to widespread demand for a recognized standard against which to be certified
and assessed.
5.Total Quality Management
Incorporating the ISO standards and OHSAS standard deliver an adoptable model for
total quality management. The main factor that differentiates the system is stakeholders
of the different system. The output delivered cannot be negotiated with anyone of these
integrated system. So keeping Client satisfaction in mind, the organization must design
IMS. A sample model is explained the below figure:

Fig (4): Model of Integrated quality, environment and health & safety
management [ Wilkinson &B G Dale (2001)]

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6.Pros and Cons!

The major advantages are:
 It is widely acknowledged that proper quality management improves business,
often having a positive effect on investment, market share, sales growth, sales
margins, competitive advantage, and avoidance of litigation
 Increase customer satisfaction and retention
 Enhance marketing
 Promote international trade
 Reduce waste and increases productivity
 Build quality into products and services from design onwards.
 Address environmental concerns of customers and public, and comply with
government regulations.
 Integrate with global economy.
 assure employees that they are working for an environmentally responsible
 Organization.
 provide assurance on environmental issues to external stakeholders – such as
Customers, the community and regulatory agencies
 support the organization's claims and communication about its own
environmental policies, plans and actions
 Provides a framework for demonstrating conformity via suppliers'
declarations of conformity, assessment of conformity by an external stakeholder
- such as a business client - and for certification of conformity by an independent
certification body.
Problems
A common criticism of ISO standards are the amount of money, time and paperwork
required for registration and maintenance. The standard is seen as especially prone to
failure when a company is interested in certification before quality. Certifications are in
fact often based on customer contractual requirements rather than a desire to actually
improve quality. Another problem reported is the competition among the numerous
certifying bodies, leading to a softer approach to the defects noticed in the operation of
the Quality System of a firm. Many companies see the introduction of a quality
management system as a major step forward in controlling and improving their key

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processes. Other companies simply react to customer demands that their suppliers
should have suitable systems.
7.References

Aruna Das Gupta, (2007), International Journal of Social Economics Vol. 34 No. 9, pp. 637-663
G. Wilkinson and B.G. Dale (1999), the TQM Magazine Volume 11 · Number 2 · pp. 95–104

G. Wilkinson & B G Dale, (2001), managing service quality volume 11 Number 5. 2001.
Pp 318-330

ISO, (2009), Quality management systems – Requirements: BS EN ISO 9001:2008

Phil Lewis, (2010), Unpublished course book, Coventry University

Piyush Jain & Roopa Devraj, (2007), providing end-to- end quality assurance process for
products, Infosys technologies Ltd

Roger Frost, (2009), Overview of ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 [ISO Manager, Communication
Services]

S.X. Zeng and P. Tian,(2005), Managerial Auditing Journal Vol. 20 No. 4, pp. 394-407

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