Professional Education

PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Q with A
21. Thomasites
- DISAMBARKED FROM CSI CALLED THOMAS
22. Erickson said that child aged 3-5 is most likely
- ECO-CENTRIC
23. Child always fight his classmate very short attention span
- ADHD
24. Adopted to provide universal access to basic learning to eradicate illiteracy
- EFA
25. Free public education Article XIV Sec. 2
- THESE LEVELS PROVIDE THE FOUNDATION FOR LIFE FUNCTIONS AND ROLE
26. Philippine Education during revolution period
– ESTALISHMENT NATIONHOOD
27. Shy
- INTROVERT
28. METACOGNITIVE/ METACOGNITION
- thinking about their thinking
29. Jean Jacques Rousseau
- DEALING WITH MISBEHAVIOR STUDENTS
30. Jean Jacques Rousseau- said that
-EVERYONE IS ESSENTIALLY GOOD
31. How teacher uphold high standard of the teaching profession?
- CONTINUOUSLY IMPROVING THEMSELVES
32. Colonial Mentality
- FOREIGNER SUPERIOR
33. Learning to know
- FACILITATOR
34. Pattern of acquiring values is based on values are
- CAUGHT NOT TAUGHT
35. Progressivist
– DEWEY
36. Free movement time allotment
- FLEXIBLE
37. Activities ahead of time
- EMERGENCY ACTIVITY/ FILLER
38. Normal practice followed in the classroom
- ROUTINE
39. DECS changes to DepEd
- RA 9155
40. Teacher controlled his off talk giving him direct contact
- CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT
. Used as medium of instruction during Spanish- SPANISH

2. Government program allow students who are not accommodated in community public school.
To enroll in private school- GOVERNMENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAM (GAP)
3. CHED– Study Now Pay Later
4. Integrated Approach in both secondry and primary level-BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM
(BEC)
5. 1980s foremost education issue – BILINGUAL EDUCATION
6. Support equal access but on the other hand quality might be compromised- OPEN
ADMISSION
7. The government education program on _______ made Philippine education Placement Test
for adults and out of school youth.- EQUITABLE ACCESS DEVELOPMENT
8. College students are required to take a constitution course for them to- DEVELOP
STUDENTS INTO RESPONSIBLE AND THINKING STUDENT
9. Education institution effort of developing work skills include the schools are aim at-
DEVELOPING VOCATIONAL EFFICIECY
10. Seek out a classmate for help when problem occurs-INTERPERSONAL INTELEGENCE
11. Dysfunctional family- EMOTIONAL FACTOR
12. Child who is cold towards the people around him might have failed to attain- TRUST
13. Philippine Education during Spanish regime – EMPHASIS ON RELIGIOUS INSTRUCTION
14. Uttered a bad word– DISTINGUISHING RIGHT FROM WRONG
15. Boy closer and girl closer- PHALLIC STAGE
16. Objective of the continuous progression scheme in the elementary 1970-71.- MASS
PROMOTION
17. Fullest/ highest- SELF ACTUALIZATION
18. First American Teacher- THOMASITES
19. Reward – REINFORCEMENT
20. PRC (LET)- RA 7836
Encoded by:
>Miss Moon<
1. Thomasites
- DISAMBARKED FROM CSI CALLED THOMAS
22. Erickson said that child aged 3-5 is most likely
- ECO-CENTRIC
23. Child always fight his classmate very short attention span
- ADHD
24. Adopted to provide universal access to basic learning to eradicate illiteracy
- EFA
25. Free public education Article XIV Sec. 2
- THESE LEVELS PROVIDE THE FOUNDATION FOR LIFE FUNCTIONS AND ROLE
26. Philippine Education during revolution period
– ESTALISHMENT NATIONHOOD
27. Shy
- INTROVERT
28. METACOGNITIVE/ METACOGNITION
- thinking about their thinking
29. Jean Jacques Rousseau
- DEALING WITH MISBEHAVIOR STUDENTS
30. Jean Jacques Rousseau- said that
-EVERYONE IS ESSENTIALLY GOOD
31. How teacher uphold high standard of the teaching profession?
- CONTINUOUSLY IMPROVING THEMSELVES
32. Colonial Mentality
- FOREIGNER SUPERIOR
33. Learning to know
- FACILITATOR
34. Pattern of acquiring values is based on values are
- CAUGHT NOT TAUGHT
35. Progressivist
– DEWEY
36. Free movement time allotment
- FLEXIBLE
37. Activities ahead of time
- EMERGENCY ACTIVITY/ FILLER
38. Normal practice followed in the classroom
- ROUTINE
39. DECS changes to DepEd
- RA 9155
40. Teacher controlled his off talk giving him direct contact
- CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT
>Miss Moon<
CONSTRUCTIVISM-
RATIONALIZATION: Constructivism is a philosophy of learning which asserts that reality does
not exist outside the human conceptions. It is the individual who construct reality by reflecting on
his own experience and gives meaning to it.
-CONSTRUCTIVIST-
RATIONALIZATION: As defined, Constructivism is a philosophy of learning which asserts that
reality does not exist outside of the human conceptions. It is the individual that construct reality
by reflecting on his own experience and gives meaning to it. It is founded on the premise that by
reflecting on our own experiences, we construct our own understanding of the world we live in.
Therefore, learning is simply the process of adjusting our mental modes to accommodate new
experiences.
-EXISTENTIALISM-
RATIONALIZATION: Existentialism is a philosophy that emphasizes subjectivity, freedom and
responsibility.
-EXISTENTIALISM-
RATIONALE: Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of selfhood and proclaims man’s
freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny. In this question Thea made her own choice and
did not listen to her sister.
NATURALISM-
RATIONALE: Naturalism aims to unfold the child’s potential, not to prepare him/her for a definite
vocation or social position but to prepare him/her to adapt to the changing times and needs.
-EMPIRICIST-
RATIONALIZATION: Empiricism upholds that the only source of knowledge is the senses and
sense-based experience.
-HUMANISM-
RATIONALE: Humanism is a philosophy that stresses to “live life to the fullest”.
-HEDONISM-
RATIONALIZATION: Both Epicureanism and Hedonism deals with pleasure. Epicureanism can
be the answer to this, however Epicureanism is just a form of Hedonism. Hedonism is the
general, Epicureanism is the specific. If ever you encounter this type of question ... Always select
the general answer. That's the reason why the answer to this is HEDONISM.
-REALISM-
RATIONALIZATION: Realism concerns with what is real, actual. For ideas to be realized, they
must be transferred or demonstrated.
IDEALISM
RATIONALIZATION: Idealism is the answer because it stresses the existence of ideas
independent from the material world. Ideas that which exist in the mind are the only reality.
ESSENTIALISM
RATIONALIZATION: Essentialism - is an educational theory rooted in classical realism and
idealism which advocates curricular reform stressing the essentials of the basics like the 3R's.
CLUE / KEYWORD:
Essentialism
o Acquire basic knowledge, common body of knowledge
o Excellence in education
o Student centered
o 4R's (Reading , Writing, Arithmetic, Right Conduct) Proponent: William Bagley
Existentialism
o Freedom of choice
o Individual Differences
o Unique individual
o Awareness of consequences
Proponent: Jean Paul Sartre
Perrenialism
o Education are changeless- Humanistic
o Educate the rational person
o Back to basics
o Cultural literacy
o Great work of civilization
o Develops the ability to think deeply
o Student – centered
Proponent: Robert Hutchins
Progressivism
o Always in the process of development
o Teaching using real life situation
o Relevant curriculum, humanistic education, radical school reform
o Growth
o Learning by doing
Proponent: John Dewey
Idealism
o Unified reality with God
o Morally and mentally upright
o Mind
o Anything what is in your mind (absolute value) Proponent: Plato
Realism
o Based on natural law
o Lecture method and memorization
o Logical and abstract thinking
o Objects exist independently of the mind
Proponent: Aristotle
Pragmatism
o Always changing
o Interaction of individual with environment
o Essence of idea comes from the consequence of it’s
practice/test
o Practical / Beneficial
Proponent: John Dewey, William James, Rousseau
Reconstructivism
o Reconstruct society
o Improvement
o Change and social reform / social change
o Awareness of societal needs and problems
Proponent: Pragmatism, Teodore, Brameld
Behaviorism
o Back to basics
o Stimulus response to teaching
o Modification and shaping of students behavior
Proponent: John Watson
Rationalism – to enable to think for themselves Naturalism – nature is the aggregate of physical objects
Constructivism – creating new idea connecting (old-new) Humanism – loving one self
>>>Property and ENCODED BY: icko reyes
>Miss Moon<
Most Frequently Asked Questions (MFAQ) in Legal Bases of Education and Their Possible
Answer(OR A Simplified Catechetic in Legal Bases of Education)
Question: This question is in connection with student arrest in the school premises.
the arresting officer taking the student under custody is a member of the military establishment
properly identified but without warrant of arrest, what would be the responsibility of the school if
the student injury is sustained within the campus?
Answer: The school authorities have no liability. The reason is that they could not fight the police
or military establishment. In this connection, the Supreme court gives the advice that when one is
picked up by the police officer, he should not argue with the policeman. He must argue in court.
Question: Is a parent’s signature permitting his child to join on outing or excursion or field trip
tantamount to a waiver? Suppose something happens to the students.
Answer: It is not a waiver. A parent just gives the permission to his child to join the outing or
excursion or field trip but not the permission to be injured.
Questions: Assuming that one can prove that he exercised proper diligence, what then is the
parameter for proper? When do we know it is proper not proper? What constitutes proper or not
proper? who will decide that?
Answer: According to the Supreme Court of the Philippines, you cannot show that the diligence
exercised was proper by calibrated degrees. Each case will have to depend on the
circumstances surroundings the event. It is found in the Latin quis, quid, quibos, qour, quomodo,
quando. What is proper diligence is one case may not be so in another circumstances because
of the difference in the attendant circumstances .There are no hard and fast rules that can
possibly be given.
Question: Would the school authority be liable for any accident that happens to its students in the
school bus or because of traffic accidents to and from the school?
Answer: If the school bus belongs to the school, the school is liable. If it belongs to a private
company, then the concessionaire is the one that is liable.
Question: Suppose that in a student evaluation, a teacher is consistently graded in a manner of
leading to the conclusion that the teacher is inefficient; would this be ground for dismissing the
teacher:
Answer: If the testimony of the students is convincing, and with due process, yes.
Question: Suppose something happens to the students on the way from the school to the police
precinct , what is the school’s liability?
Answer: The school no liability. Nothing. The reason is that the student is now under police
custody.
Question: It is said that most foolishness and conduct unbecoming of a student occur when the
teacher dismisses his class too early, let us say, twenty minutes after the time or fifteen minutes
before the time, Since every school head is after escaping liability, may he issue as an exercise
of diligence, a regulation that anything that may happen within the period when the teacher is
supposed to be in the classroom will be his liability and that the school head has nothing to do
with it?
Answer: If it was already known to the school authorities that a particular teacher or teachers are
in the habit of coming to class late or dismissing classes too early, the school has not done
anything about, then the school is still liable. The regulation should be a general rule such as an
announcement at the beginning of the school year or during faculty or teachers, meeting and that
violation of that rule will be ground for disciplinary action on the teacher. That teacher shall be
subject to administrative action.
Question: Suppose during a class a student leave without the teacher’s permission. Then, he
meets an accident outside the school campus. the question is: Is the teacher, and therefore the
school liable?
Answer: In such a case the age of the student will be the one to be the deciding factor. If the
student is a minor the law requires that the school post guards so that the students cannot go out
during class hours. If he is of age and he goes out of the school, the school is not liable. The
school’s negligence will be for failure to post guards for the security of the students who are
considered minors.
Question: how do you differentiate tenure from term of office?
Answer: The word tenure refers to the period of time during which the incumbent is in office
where the word term of office refers to the period of time during which the incumbent has the
right to be in office
Question: If an educational institution converts itself into a foundation and any of its employees or
teachers refuse to become part of the foundation, would the refusal be tantamount to
separation?
Answer: In the words of the Supreme Court, transfer is not just physical severance but the fact of
being separated. Now, if a school employee or teacher refuses to be absorbed by the foundation,
he has thereby made his own decision. In the words of the Existentialist Philosopher Jean Paul
Sartre, a person who makes a decision is the moral one and the one who cannot make a
decision is the immoral one. Now, he has thereby made his own decision. He has laid off himself.
In short, he has dismissed himself!
Question: Suppose a school transfer location due to a government order on dispersal, is the
refusal of a teacher to join that school that transfer location be a ground for separation, and may
the Commission hold the school accountable?
Answer: Because the relocation of the school is mandated by the state, whoever refuses to join
the migration and complains to the Commission on accounts of his separation would have to
convince the NLRC that the school was acting in bad faith.
Question: why is it difficult to dismiss inefficient faculty members and yet comparatively easy for
a faculty member to walk out of his school with very little penalty?
Answer: The question has, of course, serious socio-economic and moral implications. The state
has to use its police power to counteract certain pressures in the free world economy. In a
developing country like the Philippines which has a labor excess economy, which means that
here we have a situation where the man runs after the jobs and not the job running after the
man, the guidelines are based on the philosophy that unemployed workers constitutes a social
burden to the government and such a situation should not be recommended to escalate.
Moreover, the philosophy of egalitarian must be used here where the State is guided by the
motto: the greatest good for the greatest number.”
Question: If a professor carries on an affair with a female student and the affair is carried on
outside the school, may the professor be charged with immorality? Or if an unmarried teacher
should become pregnant is this a case of immorality?
Answer: Moral standards are supposed to be universal. Such a situation should not be tolerated
whether the school is private or public.
Question: What is our law on tenure?
Answer: The explicit mandate of the 1987 Philippine Constitution enjoins the State to assure the
security of tenure of workers in employment. This constitutional provision abolishes the almost
absolute right of the employer under the Termination Pay Law (R. A 1987) to terminate at any
time the services of his employees even without just cause. (Department of Labor Staff
Committee on labor code)
Question: what statutory law implements the constitutional provision on tenure?
Answer: The statutory law that implements the constitutional provision on tenure is presidential
Decree 442, as amended, which took effect last may 1, 1974. Specifically its pertinent provision
provides that “In cases of employment without a definite period, the employer shall not terminate
the services of an employee except for a just cause or when authorized by this Title. (Article 269,
Labor Code)
Question: What is the effect of an unjust dismissal of an employee?
Answer: He shall be entitled to reinstatement without loss of seniority right and to his back wages
computed from the time his compensation which was withheld up to the time of his compensation
which was withheld up to the time of his actual reinstatement. (Article 269, Labor Code)
Question: What do you mean by dismissal for a just cause?
Answer: As a sufficient ground for dismissal, a just cause is a legal cause and not merely a
cause, which the appointing power, in the exercise of his discretion, deems sufficient. It is the
statutory prescription of the cause of termination of employment.
Question: What exactly do we mean by probationary period?
Answer: Under the Labor Code, the probationary period is actually the period needed to
determine fitness for the job. This period, due to lack of a better measurement, is deemed to be
the period needed to learn the job.
Question: What is the probationary period for employees covered by the Labor Code?
Answer: The general probationary period is actually six months. If the job is apprenticeable, the
probationary period is the apprenticeship period, which may range from less than six to more
than six months depending upon the nature of the job. The probationary employment of
professors, instructors, and teachers shall be subject to standards established by the Department
of Education and Culture (Policy Instruction No. 11). However, for those working in the DepEd
now, there is no more probationary period.
Question: what is liability, if any, or to what extent will heads of schools be liable for mass
demonstration similar to those in Thailand or in China?
Answer: Mass demonstrations are without sanction of the school activities. Therefore, the
schools are not liable.
Question: Suppose the demonstration is inside the school premises without permission of the
school authorities during class hours just like what happen to the University of Southern
Mindanao way back in 1983’s, what liabilities do the school officials have?
Answer: If the activity is in violation of school regulations and the school authorities had tried their
best to stop it, the school would not be liable. The school will be held liable if there was implied
consent.
Question: In case of an arrest of student during class hours. What is the liability of the school if it
refuses to surrender a student?
Answer: This is disobedience to lawful authority. The school is therefore held liable.
Question: Can a teacher who has to use force in a students’ fight be held liable if he accidentaly
hurts a student in trying to stop the fight?
Answer: No., because the teacher was acting in the performance of lawful duty. However, the
forced employed by the teacher must be commensurate with the danger involved.
Question; Is there direct assault if both offender and offended are persons in authority?
Answer: In a case where a superintendent boxed a fellow superintendent because of conflict of
jurisdiction, it was ruled that there was no assault.
Question: Is serious vandalism committed by an employee against the property of teachers in the
classroom considered as assault of person in authority?
Answer: The offense may be termed malicious mischief or destruction of property with evil
motive, etc..
Question: Is a student liable for direct assault upon a person in authority even if the act was
committed during recess time and not in actual performance of the teacher’s duties?
Answer: Yes, as long as it is by reason or no accession of the teacher’s duties. When we say on
occasion of the reason behind the assault was the performance of the teacher’s duties.
Question: If a student’s refusal to obey teacher in public provokes the teacher’s anger who loses
his temper and slaps the student or even manhandles him, should the school officials side with
the teacher or the student?
Answer: That situation is a plain case of the teacher taking the law into her own hands-the
teacher becomes the offender and the students, his victim. More importantly, the offense is even
aggravated by the teacher being a person in authority.
Question: When we refer to students assaulting persons in authority, do we refer only to student
currently enrolled or does this include students who have been granted honourable dismissal?
Answer: The law does not mention students only. It includes non students,parents, even
strangers. If a student was flunked by a professor there is direct assault on a person in authority
Question: In most barrios it is difficult to divorce the social functions of a teacher from the
academic. If a teacher attends a school social function and in refusing to dance with a man she
gets slapped direct assault on a person in authority?
Answer: It depends on the reason why the teacher was slapped.
Question: The teacher refused to danced with him because he smells liquor.
Answer: The teacher’s refusal to dance has nothing to do with the performance of a teacher’s
duty but for a private reason. If a teacher is in the performance of duty, no matter if the reason for
the assault has nothing to do with teacher (such as when a teacher is explaining a lesson and a
creditor comes and slaps her in front of the students) there is direct assault of person in authority.
The reason is immaterial if the assault is committed while the teacher is performing her duties.
Question: Would homosexual practices constitute just cause for separation?
Answer: The attending circumstances should be taken into account. In most state universities
and colleges as well as private.
>Miss Moon<
LET Reviewer Professional Education Prof. Ed.: Principles of Learning and Motivation Part 1
1. Which theory operates on the "stimulus-response principle", which means all behaviors are
caused by external stimuli?
a. Contextual theory
b. Behaviorist theory
c. Cognitive theory
d. Constructivist theory
2. Ms. Erika in her Biology class accompanies her discussion with interesting visual aids. She
strongly believes that students learn better when lessons are presented with images, real or
imagined aside from mere lecture method. Which learning theory does she upholds?
a. Dual-Coding Theory
b. Information Processing Theory
c. Meaningful Reception Learning Theory
d. Social Cognitive Theory
3. Miss Rita is an excellent Physical Education teacher. She started teaching volleyball to her
Grade 2 class. Despite all her efforts, her class does not seem to learn how to play the game.
What law of learning was disregarded?
a. Law of Disuse
b. Law of Effect
c. Law of Exercise
d. Law of Readiness
4. Teacher jay, a physical education teacher, demonstrates the new skill to be learned so that his
students can watch him and later reproduce the skill. What learning theory is associated with the
situation?
a. Dual-Coding Learning Theory
b. Information Processing
c. Schema Learning Theory
d. Social Learning
5. Patrice is always fearful of freely roaming dogs but does not mind dogs in a pen or on a leash.
What feature of classical conditioning is exhibited?
a. Discrimination
b. Extinction
c. Generalization
d. Practice
6. A music teacher is careful in planning activities for each lesson. He praises liberally and
rewards correct answers. What view of learning is exhibited?
a. Classical conditioning
b. Meaningful learning
c. Operant conditioning
d. Social learning
7. Which of the theories of learning presents or states that learning skills are hierarchically
arranged?
a. Cumulative Learning
b. Meaningful Learning
c. Social Cognitive Learning
d. Theory of Instruction
8. Which of the following best describes what meaningful learning is?
a. When what is to be learned is new and easy for the students
b. Materials presented are difficult and challenging to the students
c. When the materials to be learned is related to what students already know
d. Students find the lessons easy and relevant to what was assigned to them
9. Rita easily remember dates and events in history. What component of LTM does Rita have?
a. Creative thinking
b. Critical thinking
c. Reflective thinking
d. Logical thinking
10. An Earth Science has just completed a unit on the sun. As she recognizes her next unit on
other stars, she uses the sun as a frame of reference. What view of learning was used?
a. Discovery learning
b. Informative learning
c. Meaningful learning
d. Transfer learning
11. Which is an application of cognitive approach to motivation?
a. Explain the reasons for studying the topic
b. Create a supportive classroom climate for students
c. Provide clear and prompt feedback on assignments
d. Begin lessons with challenging questions and conflicting events
12. The first people power was held in February 25, 1986. What kind of knowledge is presented?
a. Conditional Knowledge
b. Cognitive Knowledge
c. Domain-Specific Knowledge
d. Procedural Knowledge
13. The students of Mrs. Reyes were not able to learn the concepts that she presented yesterday
so she taught the same concepts again but this time using a different teaching method. What
principle of learning was applied?
a. Concepts should be presented in varied and different ways
b. Effort was put forth when tasks are challenging
c. Learning by doing is more effective than just by sitting and listening
d. Learning is aided by formulating and asking questions
14. Alvin is a transferee and feels uneasy with his new school. His teacher is very
accommodating, warm and caring. Alvin felt comfortable with the teacher display of genuine
warmth. The teacher is consistent in his manner and Alvin began to associate school with the
teacher's warmth. Which theory is being illustrated?
a. Meaningful learning
b. Operant conditioning
c. Classical conditioning
d. Observational learning
15. After just being introduced to another guest in the party, Tom cannot remember the name of
the guest he was introduced to. In what memory stage was the information stored in?
a. Episodic memory
b. Semantic memory
c. Sensory memory
d. Working memory
16. Vygotsky claimed that social interaction is important for learning. What does this imply?
a. Children are independent problem solvers
b. Children learn from adults and other children
c. Children learn by passive presentation of information
d. Children in the crib has no learning yet, since they are not capable of interaction
17. How would you help a student who is intelligent but is underachieving in class?
a. Provide challenging activities which he/she can accomplish
b. Recognize his talents by asking him/her to help other students with their work
c. Identify the immediate causes of difficulties that cause his/her being an underachiever
d. Allow him/her to work with the slow learner group to cope with the academic needs of the
lesson.
18. Mrs. Corpuz always makes sure that her pre-school classroom is well organized and clean.
She puts up interesting and colorful visuals on the bulletin boards. What principle of motivation
was applied?
a. Incentives motivate learning
b. Internal motivation is longer lasting and more self-directive than is external motivation
c. Motivation is enhanced by the way in which instructional material is organized.
d. The environment can be used to focus the student's attention on what needs to be learned.
19. For every correct answer, the teacher would give a star to her students. What schedule of
reinforcement was used?
a. Fixed interval
b. Fixed ratio
c. Variable interval
d. Variable ratio
20. Marga, a six year old, always asked her playmates to sit in front of her small black board and
she plays teacher. Her mother is a teacher. What theory explains Marga's behavior?
a. Classical Conditioning
b. Operant Conditioning
c. Social Learning
d. Information Processing
21. What should the teacher do to help students learn psychomotor skills?
a. Teacher uses verbal explanation and description of the movements in addition to live
demonstration of the movements
b. Teacher provides feedback to the learner about his/her progress
c. Teacher encourages the learner to practice, in order to maintain his/her sharpness of the
movements
d. All of the above
22. The teacher presented a new lesson where in the students were asked to work on a new
project which was somewhat complicated. The students showed interest while working on the
project. What principle applies to the situation?
a. Effort was put forth when tasks are challenging
b. Lessons should be presented in varied and different ways
c. Meaningful materials are readily learned than nonsense materials
d. Teachers should provide opportunities for meaningful and appropriate practice
23. Maturation should precede certain types of learning. How is this applied in the classroom?
a. Concepts should be taught from simple to complex
b. Consider the age level of students in assigning tasks
c. Follow the interest of students in assigning tasks
d. Give the same task to all students in a particular grade level
24. Luz easily learns a lesson when she is working with laboratory equipment but hardly
remembers a lesson the teacher lectured on. What type of learner is Luz?
a. Auditory Learner
b. Kinesthetic Learner
c. Tactile Learner
d. Visual Learner
25. Which of the following statements about motivation is false?
a. External motivation is longer lasting and more self-directive than internal motivation
b. Internal motivation is fueled by one's goals or ambitions
c. Motivation is enhanced by the way in which the instructional material is organized
d. Motivation to perform is affected by expectancy and value
Answers: 1B 2A 3D 4D 5A 6C 7A 8C 9C 10C 11A 12B 13A 14B 15C 16B 17C 18D 19B 20C 21D
22A 23A 24D 25A
SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRE FOR “ISMS” PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION (SOCIAL

DIMENSIONS)
1. The Philippine Elementary School Curriculum gives greater emphasis on the development of
basic skills like reading, writing, and arithmetic. What is the philosophical basis for this?
A. Pragmatism C. Essentialism
B. Perennialism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Essentialism. Essentialism - is an educational theory rooted in classical
realism and idealism which advocates curricular reform stressing the essentials of the basics like
the 3R's.
Pragmatism- is regarded as an American philosophy whose various forms advocate
experimentalism,
instrumentalism, functionalism, and practicalism and their curricular offerings imply a wide range
of subject areas.
Pereninialism- is a traditional educational theory that puts premium on eternal truth as contained
in the "Great Books".
Existentialism - personalizes knowledge to the individual. The person chooses the knowledge
that he deems is relevant to his process of becoming to realize his essence.
2. Teacher H asks one of her students, “What do you want to become when you grow up?” This
question is an indication of what kind of philosophy? A. Progressivism C. Existentialism
B. Naturalism D. Idealism
RATIONALIZATION: D - Idealism. Idealism is the answer because it stresses the existence of
ideas independent from the material world. Ideas that which exist in the mind are the only reality.
3. Teacher X has not only explained the concept of Philosophy of Education but also imparted
this to her students. This demonstrates what kind of philosophy?
A. Naturalism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Perennialism
RATIONALIZATION: C - Realism. Realism concerns with what is real, actual. For ideas to be
realized, they must be transferred or demonstrated.
4. In his class, Teacher M always presents principles and values so as to encourage his students
to examine them and decide for themselves whether to accept them or not. What kind of
philosophy does he practice?
A. Idealism C. Humanism
B. Essentialism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: D - Existentialism. Existentialism is a philosophy that emphasizes
subjectivity, freedom and responsibility.
5. When a teacher emphasizes that man’s sense should be trusted because they are the only
way to acquire knowledge, the teacher can be regarded as . A. Naturalist C. Empiricist
B. Realist D. Pragmatist
RATIONALIZATION: C -Empiricism. Empiricism upholds that the only source of knowledge is the
senses and sense-based experience.
6. Teacher K views her pupils as unique, free choosing, and responsible individuals. She plans
activities where the pupil can develop his unique personality. What theory underlies this nature of
the pupil?
A. Realism C. Existentialism
B. Essentialism D. Progressivism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of self
hood whose fundamental doctrine proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his
destiny. In this case, emphasis is given on the students rather than on the curriculum content.
7. "Learning is the process of retrieving prior learning", this is a statement from _. A.
Constructivist C. Progressivist
B. Reconstructivist D. Empiricist
RATIONALIZATION: A. Constructivist. As defined, Constructivism is a philosophy of learning
which asserts that reality does not exist outside of the human conceptions. It is the individual that
construct reality by reflecting on his own experience and gives meaning to it. It is founded on the
premise that by reflecting on our own experiences, we construct our own understanding of the
world we live in. Therefore, learning is simply the process of adjusting our mental modes to
accommodate new experiences.
8. Teacher U teaches to his pupils that pleasure is not the highest good. Teacher's teaching is
against what philosophy?
A. Realism C. Epicureanism
B. Hedonism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Hedonism. Epicureanism is just a form of Hedonism. Hedonism is the
general, Epicureanism is the specific. Always select the general answer.
9. After listening to the homily of the Priest about fidelity, Catherine has a moment of reflection.
Her understanding of the value of fidelity has become deeper as she related this to her past
experience. This typifies what kind of philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Humanism
B. Reconstructivism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Constructivism. Constructivism is a philosophy of learning which asserts
that reality does not exist outside the human conceptions. It is the individual who construct reality
by reflecting on his own experience and gives meaning to it.
10. After studying the Principle of Identity, Teacher W asks her students to determine which
among the given set of problems conforms to the said identity. This shows that Teacher W
upholds what kind of Philosophy?
A. Perennialism C. Essentialism
B. Progressivism D. Naturalism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of learning by doing things.
11. Thea listened to the advice given by her sister to end the relationship that she has with
Gilbert. However, her sister learned that the advice she has given was not followed and Thea
decided to continue the relationship. This action of Thea is a manifestation of what kind of
philosophy?
A. Essentialism C. Perennialism
B. Existentialism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of selfhood
and proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his destiny.
12. After finishing the degree in Education, Teacher M learns that learning never stops. In fact,
she accumulates more knowledge after leaving the portal of her alma mater. This typifies what
kind of philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Progressivism
B. Perennialism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Progressivism. Progressivism connotes change, growth and
development. It is an active form of philosophy for it continues to evolve.
13. Matilda is an advocate of the principle “making the most of your life”. She is indeed an
advocate of what kind of philosophy?
A. Humanism C. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Humanism. Humanism is a philosophy that stresses to “live life to the
fullest”.
14. Teacher X is a very dedicated teacher in the nursery. Her foremost concern is for students to
learn how to adapt themselves in the environment. This shows that Teacher X upholds what kind
of philosophy?
A. Naturalism C. Progressivism
B. Pragmatism D. Rationalism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Naturalism. Naturalism aims to unfold the child’s potential, not to prepare
him for a definite vocation or social position but to prepare him to adapt to the changing times
and needs.
15. Teacher J serves as an inspiration to his students because of his efficiency and effectiveness
as a teacher. The mind set of his students towards him/her is an instance of what kind of
philosophy?
A. Realism C. Nationalism
B. Idealism D. Constructivism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Idealism. Idealism is a philosophy which asserts that what’s in the mind
is the only reality. In this situation, the teacher inspires his/her students through the values that
he/she possessed. Values are absolute are told to belong in realm of ideas. Hence, these are
considered as ideas that exist only in the mind.
16. John learns well through active interplay with others. His learning increases when engaged in
activities that has meaning in him. Which philosophy can describe this?
A. Progressivism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of hands of learning or
experiential learning. “Learning by doing”. Learning is based from the questions of one’s
experience of the world. Hence, it is the learner himself who thinks, solves, and gives meaning
through his individual experiences.
17. Your teacher is of the opinion that the world and everything in it are ever changing and so
teaches you the skill to cope with the changes. Which in his governing philosophy?
A. Experimentalism C. Idealism
B. Existentialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Experimentalism. Experimentalism believes that things are constantly
changing. It is based on the view that reality is what works right now and that goodness comes
from group decisions. As a result, schools exist to discover and expand the society we live in.
Students study social experiences and solve problems.
18. Principal C shares this thought with his teachers: "Subject matter should help students
understand and appreciate themselves as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility
for their thoughts, feelings, and actions." From which philosophy is this thought
based? / Teacher V teaches her students to appreciate themselves as unique individuals and are
to accept the responsibility to their feelings, actions and thoughts. She upholds the philosophy of
.
A. Perennialism C. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of selfhood
19. Teacher H class is engage in problem solving activity which in a way is a reflection of the
personal and social experiences. The purpose of this activity is for the students to acquire the
skills that can help them in solving their own real-life problems. What philosophy can best
describe this?
A. Realism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Progressivism. Progressivism connotes growth and development. In this
manner learning comes best when things are being experienced, that is learning by doing
things. It involves participation of the students and allows them to exercise freedom.
20. In the Social Science class of Teacher G, students identify the various social and economic
problems that require urgent solutions. They not only discuss the ways to address it but also
agreed to participate in solving them. What kind of philosophy does this class uphold?
B. Constructivism D. Reconstructivism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism covers the underlying factors that
constitute reality or society. In this regard, students are encourage to become involved in the
problems whether political, social, or economical that confront the society and be able to arrive at
solutions in order to reconstruct society.
21. A curriculum should only include those that have survived the test of time and combine the
symbols of literature, history, and mathematics. Thus, curriculum like this contains values that
are constant and universal. What philosophy describes this kind of curriculum?
B. Perennialism D. Essentialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Perennialism. Perennialism maintains that education involves
confronting the problems and questions that have challenged people over the centuries. Thus
there is a need to study classical tradition of great books.
22. Who among the following puts more emphasis on core requirements, longer school day,
longer academic year and more challenging textbooks?
A. Perennialist C. Progressivist
B. Essentialist D. Existentialist
RATIONALIZATION: B. Essentialist. Essentialism is an educational theory rooted in classical
the 3R's.
23. “Education is a continuous process of experiencing and of visiting or reorganizing
experiences “according to a Progressivist. What does it mean?
A. Education begins and ends in school.
B. Education takes place anytime and anywhere. C. Education happens formally and informally.
D. Education goes on throughout life.
RATIONALIZATION: D. Education goes on throughout life. Progressivism connotes growth and
24. Mr. Cruz exemplifies an ideal teacher and son. He is competent in his field based on the
various recognitions that he received from his school. As a dutiful son, he assumes all the
responsibilities of raising his family (this includes his parents, siblings, and their own families) –
giving all their needs and wants. The fulfilment of these is the neglect of the responsibilities to
himself. This attitude of Mr. Cruz is against what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Pragmatism
B. Constructivism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Humanism. Humanism stresses personal culture, individual freedom,
and development (the best way towards full and rich lives).
25. Teacher R ensures to put a certain amount of his monthly earnings in the bank. At the end of
the school year, he used all his savings in visiting places rich of cultural heritages rather than of
buying expensive clothes, jewellery, and latest gadgets. Favoring the former action over the latter
exhibits that Teacher R follows what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Behaviorism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Existentialism. Existentialism is a philosophy that gives a person the
freedom to choose. It is a philosophy of subjectivity.
buying expensive clothes, jewellery, and latest gadgets. This shows that Teacher R is an
A. Pragmatism C. Naturalism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Perennialism. Perennialism views education as a recurring process
based on eternal truths. Good education involves a search for and understanding of truth which
can all be found in the great works of civilization.
27. Teacher X rates the art work of her students not just on the merit of its appeal to the senses
but also considers its uniqueness and the responsibility that every student has given in
accomplishing the task. This practice shows how Teacher X upholds this kind of philosophy:
A. Realism C. Idealism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Existentialism. Conceives philosophy as something that is felt by an
individual because it’s concrete in itself or based on what is concrete. There is also personal
involvement in this kind of philosophy.
28. In line with the philosophy of Reconstructivism, which of the following should be given
emphasis in teaching?
A. To seek a better position in the society
B. To compare oneself with the less fortunate
C. To become economically self-reliant
D. To designate one’s superiority over the others
RATIONALIZATION: C. To become economically self-reliant. Reconstructivism aims to achieve
social changes. This is a philosophy that entails the identification of social problems, finding
solutions for this and be a part of the solution.
29. Joining organizations or clubs in school is requisite to granting of academic distinction under
DECS Order No. 65, s. 1998. This shows school community connection reflected in activities
geared towards society's needs. What philosophy is related to this? / Activities planned by
school clubs or organizations show school-community connection geared towards society's
needs. What philosophy is related to this?
B. Progressivism D. Reconstructivism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism aims to achieve social changes.
This is a philosophy that entails the identification of social problems, finding solutions for this and
be a part of the solution.
30. Increase of time allotment in English, Math and Science in the Elementary level under the
New Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) as provided in DECS Order No. 1, s. 1993
contributes in the culturation of basic literacy by providing the needed essential skills. The related
philosophy is .
B. Essentialism D. Perennialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Essentialism. Essentialism is an educational theory rooted in classical
the 3R's.
31. Teacher A believes that the learner is the product of his environment. Sometimes he has no
choice. He/she is determined by his environment.
A. Rationalist C. Existentialist
B. Behaviorist D. Progressivist
RATIONALIZATION: B. Behaviorist. A behaviourist believes that human behaviour can be best
explained in terms of responses to external stimuli. Also, education can be best achieved by
modifying or changing student behaviours in a socially acceptable manner through the
arrangement of the conditions for learning. The control is obtained not by manipulating the
individual, but the environment.
32. The curriculum is viewed as a means of developing desirable habits. It is recommended that
the way /means to form these habits is through the mastery of organized subject matter. Which
philosophy is behind this educational view?
B. Idealism D. Pragmatism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Realism. This educative process is viewed mainly as the transmission of
information and knowledge. The curriculum has the function of forming the body and this
interrelationship gives rise to the dictum "sound mind in a sound body."
33. Teachers in school perform the role and responsibility of parents in the development and
education of the child. This stems from the belief that the home is the primary agency in the
education of the individual. Thus, teachers are regarded as surrogate parents along the loco
parentis principle. Which philosophy espouses this view of education?
A. Pragmatism C. Idealism
B. Naturalism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Naturalism - the school is seen as the extension of home and teachers
are deemed "surrogate parents".
34. This philosophy believes that students need a passionate encounter with the positive and
negative phases of life like the joy and agony of love, desirability of life, the inevitability of death,
the anguish of freedom and the consequences of choices and actions. Which philosophy
advocates this view in education?
A. Existentialism C. Essentialism
B. Perennialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Existentialism - it is a modern school of thought that grew out of the
thoughts of European philosophers , particularly from Soren Kierkegaard, who believes that the
central problem humanity is facing is the ability to cope with its existence.
35. The teacher should provide for shared experiences in the classroom that fosters cooperative
learning rather than competitive learning. Scientific means of inquiry complements such
atmosphere. Which theory advocates this view?
A. Existentialism C. Perennialism
36. This philosophy believes that ideas are inherent in the invidual. This explains the nature of
the Socratic dialogue in teaching, where the teacher asks questions to wring out the ideas innate
in the learner. Which school of thought has advocated this belief?
37. Teacher B believes that the learner can choose what he can become despite his
environment.
38. Teacher F is convinced that whenever a student performs a desired behavior, provided
reinforcement and soon the student will learn to perform the behavior on his own. On which
principle is Teacher F's conviction based?
A. Cognitivism C. Behaviorism
B. Environmentalism D. Constructivism
39. Changes in the T.H.E takes care of the cognitive needs of students. It also emphasizes the
use of project method as implied in DECS Order No. 91, s. 1998. The related philosophy is
.
B. Existentialism D. Reconstructivism
40. DECS Order No. 13 s. 1998 entitled "Revised rules and regulations on the teaching of
religion" is emphasizing the development of one's spirituality and moral. What philosophy is
related to it?
A. Realism C. Essentialism
B. Idealism D. Progressivism
41. DECS Order No. 57 s. 1998 entitled "Clarification on the changes in the Social Studies
programs" offers Economics in 3rd year instead of 4th year. The change hopefully will provide
the needed social reform in alleviating the condition of poverty. What philosophy addresses this
concern?
42. DECS Order No. 54, s. 1995 entitled "War on Waste" helps students realize their role in the
conservation of nation's resources. This also helps instil discipline among them.
What philosophy is related to this?
A. Realism C. Perennialism
B. Essentialism D. Reconstructivism
43. Which philosophy has the educational objective to indoctrinate Filipinos to accept the
teachings of the Catholic church which is to foster faith in God?
B. Pragmatism D. Existentialism
44. Virtue as one component in the teaching of Rizal as a course focuses on the teaching of
good and beauty consistent with the good and beauty in God. What philosophy supports this?
A. Existentialism C. Progressivism
B. Idealism D. Reconstructivism
45. Scouting and Citizens Army Training (CAT) give training in character building, citizenship
training, etc. which leads to the creation of new social order and a new society eventually. What
philosophy supports this?
B. Perennialism D. Reconstructivism
46. Teacher V demonstrated the technique on how to group students according to their needs
and interests and how to use self-paced instructional materials. Which philosophy is manifested
in this activity?
A. Essentialism C. Realism
47. Teacher G, a Christian Living teacher, puts so much significance on values development and
discipline, what could be her educational philosophy?
A. Idealism C. Progressivism
B. Pragmatism D. Realism
48. What philosophy is related to the practice of schools acting as laboratory for teaching reforms
and experimentation?
A. Essentialism C. Progressivism
49. What philosophy of education advocates that the curriculum should only include universal
and unchanging truths?
50. Which philosophy of education influence the singing of the National anthem in schools? A.
Nationalism C. Pragmatism
B. Naturalism D. Socialism
51. Who among the following believes that learning requires disciplined attention, regular
homework, and respect for legitimate authority?
A. Essentialist C. Realist
B. Progressivist D. Reconstructivist
52. Teacher G says: "If it is billiard that brings students out of the classroom, let us bring it into
the classroom. Perhaps, I can use it to teach Math." To which philosophy does Teacher G
adhere?
53. Which philosophy influenced the cultivation of reflective and meditative skills in teaching? A.
Confucianism C. Taoism
B. Existentialism D. Zen Buddhism
54. “Specialization is knowing more and more about less and less”. It is better to be a generalist
claims Teacher R. What philosophy does she uphold?
B. Existentialism D. Pragmatism
55. “Everything changes” explains the teacher. This entails readiness to accept challenges in life
and be ready to address it. What kind of philosophy can this be attributed?
A. Realism C. Behaviorism
B. Materialism D. Rationalism
56. “Life is what you make it”, exemplifies best what is :
A. Existentialist C. Idealist
B. Humanist D. Realist
57. If Teacher V believes that learning also takes place in having interaction with the
environment, this teacher can be regarded as:
A. Pragmatist C. Realist
B. Empricist D. Herbalist
58. Teacher Q is concerned more on conceptual matters since reality is mental. She upholds this
kind of philosophy:
A. Empiricism C. Idealism
B. Realism D. Progressivism
59. Teacher W is known in giving great importance on humanistic education. Which of the
following will depict this trait?
A. Developing students into thinking individuals
B. Making students civilized, distinctly educated and refined
C. Giving the students the freedom to choose and decide for themselves
D. Teaching the students the different works of civilization
60. To come closer to the truth we need to "go back to the things themselves." This is the advice
of the .
A. Behaviorists C. Idealists
B. Phenomenologists D. Pragmatists
61. Which group of philosophers maintain that "truth exists in an objective order that is
independent of the knower"? / Teacher D believes that "truth exists in an objective order and
independent of the knower".
She is considered .
A. Idealists C. Existentialists
B. Pragmatists D. Realists
62. Edukasyong Kagandahang Asal at Wastong Pag-uugali (EKAWP) is integrated in the New
Elementary School Curriculum. Which philosophy supports the teaching of EKAWP in the
elementary school?
A. Taoism C. Hinduism
B. Buddhism D. Confucianism
63. Who is most likely to advise you to modify your classroom environment in such a way that
your pupils will be motivated to learn?
A. Humanist C. Cognitivist
B. Behaviorist D. Existentialist
64. You arrive at knowledge by re-thinking of latent ideas. From whom does this thought come?
A. Experimentalist C. Idealist
B. Realist D. Existentialist
65. If a student believes in this passage "One cannot see perfection but i long for it" then, the
student can be regarded as
/ Student B claims: "I cannot see perfection but I long for it.
So it must be real." Under which group can he be classified?
A. Idealist D. Pragmatist E. Humanist
B. Empiricist C. Realist
66. If a teacher would say that honesty is still an important value even if no one values it, the
teacher can be regarded as .
A. Realist C. Idealist
B. Empiricist D. Positivist
ENCODED BY:
icko reyes
5. When a teacher emphasizes that man’s sense should be trusted because they are the only
way to acquire knowledge, the teacher can be regarded as . A. Naturalist C. Empiricist
B. Realist D. Pragmatist
RATIONALIZATION: C -Empiricism. Empiricism upholds that the only source of knowledge is the
senses and sense-based experience.
6. Teacher K views her pupils as unique, free choosing, and responsible individuals. She plans
activities where the pupil can develop his unique personality. What theory underlies this nature of
the pupil?
RATIONALIZATION: C. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of self
hood whose fundamental doctrine proclaims man’s freedom in the accomplishment of his
destiny. In this case, emphasis is given on the students rather than on the curriculum content.
7. "Learning is the process of retrieving prior learning", this is a statement from _. A.
Constructivist C. Progressivist
B. Reconstructivist D. Empiricist
RATIONALIZATION: A. Constructivist. As defined, Constructivism is a philosophy of learning
which asserts that reality does not exist outside of the human conceptions. It is the individual that
construct reality by reflecting on his own experience and gives meaning to it. It is founded on the
premise that by reflecting on our own experiences, we construct our own understanding of the
world we live in. Therefore, learning is simply the process of adjusting our mental modes to
accommodate new experiences.
8. Teacher U teaches to his pupils that pleasure is not the highest good. Teacher's teaching is
against what philosophy?
A. Realism C. Epicureanism
B. Hedonism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Hedonism. Epicureanism is just a form of Hedonism. Hedonism is the
general, Epicureanism is the specific. Always select the general answer.
9. After listening to the homily of the Priest about fidelity, Catherine has a moment of reflection.
Her understanding of the value of fidelity has become deeper as she related this to her past
experience. This typifies what kind of philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Constructivism. Constructivism is a philosophy of learning which asserts
that reality does not exist outside the human conceptions. It is the individual who construct reality
by reflecting on his own experience and gives meaning to it.
10. After studying the Principle of Identity, Teacher W asks her students to determine which
among the given set of problems conforms to the said identity. This shows that Teacher W
upholds what kind of Philosophy?
A. Perennialism C. Essentialism
B. Progressivism D. Naturalism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of learning by doing things.
11. Thea listened to the advice given by her sister to end the relationship that she has with
Gilbert. However, her sister learned that the advice she has given was not followed and Thea
decided to continue the relationship. This action of Thea is a manifestation of what kind of
philosophy?
B. Existentialism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of selfhood
12. After finishing the degree in Education, Teacher M learns that learning never stops. In fact,
she accumulates more knowledge after leaving the portal of her alma mater. This typifies what
kind of philosophy?
A. Constructivism C. Progressivism
B. Perennialism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Progressivism. Progressivism connotes change, growth and
13. Matilda is an advocate of the principle “making the most of your life”. She is indeed an
A. Humanism C. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Humanism. Humanism is a philosophy that stresses to “live life to the
fullest”.
14. Teacher X is a very dedicated teacher in the nursery. Her foremost concern is for students to
learn how to adapt themselves in the environment. This shows that Teacher X upholds what kind
of philosophy?
B. Pragmatism D. Rationalism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Naturalism. Naturalism aims to unfold the child’s potential, not to prepare
him for a definite vocation or social position but to prepare him to adapt to the changing times
and needs.
15. Teacher J serves as an inspiration to his students because of his efficiency and effectiveness
as a teacher. The mind set of his students towards him/her is an instance of what kind of
philosophy?
A. Realism C. Nationalism
B. Idealism D. Constructivism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Idealism. Idealism is a philosophy which asserts that what’s in the mind
is the only reality. In this situation, the teacher inspires his/her students through the values that
he/she possessed. Values are absolute are told to belong in realm of ideas. Hence, these are
considered as ideas that exist only in the mind.
16. John learns well through active interplay with others. His learning increases when engaged in
activities that has meaning in him. Which philosophy can describe this?
A. Progressivism C. Realism
B. Idealism D. Empiricism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Progressivism. Progressivism is a philosophy of hands of learning or
experiential learning. “Learning by doing”. Learning is based from the questions of one’s
experience of the world. Hence, it is the learner himself who thinks, solves, and gives meaning
through his individual experiences.
17. Your teacher is of the opinion that the world and everything in it are ever changing and so
teaches you the skill to cope with the changes. Which in his governing philosophy?
A. Experimentalism C. Idealism
B. Existentialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Experimentalism. Experimentalism believes that things are constantly
changing. It is based on the view that reality is what works right now and that goodness comes
from group decisions. As a result, schools exist to discover and expand the society we live in.
Students study social experiences and solve problems.
18. Principal C shares this thought with his teachers: "Subject matter should help students
understand and appreciate themselves as unique individuals who accept complete responsibility
for their thoughts, feelings, and actions." From which philosophy is this thought
based? / Teacher V teaches her students to appreciate themselves as unique individuals and are
to accept the responsibility to their feelings, actions and thoughts. She upholds the philosophy of
.
A. Perennialism C. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Existentialism. Existentialism is the philosophy of subjectivity of selfhood
19. Teacher H class is engage in problem solving activity which in a way is a reflection of the
personal and social experiences. The purpose of this activity is for the students to acquire the
skills that can help them in solving their own real-life problems. What philosophy can best
describe this?
B. Idealism D. Existentialism
RATIONALIZATION: C. Progressivism. Progressivism connotes growth and development. In this
manner learning comes best when things are being experienced, that is learning by doing
things. It involves participation of the students and allows them to exercise freedom.
20. In the Social Science class of Teacher G, students identify the various social and economic
problems that require urgent solutions. They not only discuss the ways to address it but also
agreed to participate in solving them. What kind of philosophy does this class uphold?
B. Constructivism D. Reconstructivism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism covers the underlying factors that
constitute reality or society. In this regard, students are encourage to become involved in the
problems whether political, social, or economical that confront the society and be able to arrive at
solutions in order to reconstruct society.
21. A curriculum should only include those that have survived the test of time and combine the
symbols of literature, history, and mathematics. Thus, curriculum like this contains values that
are constant and universal. What philosophy describes this kind of curriculum?
RATIONALIZATION: B. Perennialism. Perennialism maintains that education involves
confronting the problems and questions that have challenged people over the centuries. Thus
there is a need to study classical tradition of great books.
22. Who among the following puts more emphasis on core requirements, longer school day,
longer academic year and more challenging textbooks?
A. Perennialist C. Progressivist
B. Essentialist D. Existentialist
RATIONALIZATION: B. Essentialist. Essentialism is an educational theory rooted in classical
the 3R's.
23. “Education is a continuous process of experiencing and of visiting or reorganizing
experiences “according to a Progressivist. What does it mean?
A. Education begins and ends in school.
B. Education takes place anytime and anywhere. C. Education happens formally and informally.
D. Education goes on throughout life.
RATIONALIZATION: D. Education goes on throughout life. Progressivism connotes growth and
24. Mr. Cruz exemplifies an ideal teacher and son. He is competent in his field based on the
various recognitions that he received from his school. As a dutiful son, he assumes all the
responsibilities of raising his family (this includes his parents, siblings, and their own families) –
giving all their needs and wants. The fulfilment of these is the neglect of the responsibilities to
himself. This attitude of Mr. Cruz is against what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Pragmatism
B. Constructivism D. Humanism
RATIONALIZATION: D. Humanism. Humanism stresses personal culture, individual freedom,
and development (the best way towards full and rich lives).
buying expensive clothes, jewellery, and latest gadgets. Favoring the former action over the latter
exhibits that Teacher R follows what kind of philosophy?
A. Existentialism C. Behaviorism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Existentialism. Existentialism is a philosophy that gives a person the
freedom to choose. It is a philosophy of subjectivity.
buying expensive clothes, jewellery, and latest gadgets. This shows that Teacher R is an
A. Pragmatism C. Naturalism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Perennialism. Perennialism views education as a recurring process
based on eternal truths. Good education involves a search for and understanding of truth which
can all be found in the great works of civilization.
27. Teacher X rates the art work of her students not just on the merit of its appeal to the senses
but also considers its uniqueness and the responsibility that every student has given in
accomplishing the task. This practice shows how Teacher X upholds this kind of philosophy:
RATIONALIZATION: D. Existentialism. Conceives philosophy as something that is felt by an
individual because it’s concrete in itself or based on what is concrete. There is also personal
involvement in this kind of philosophy.
28. In line with the philosophy of Reconstructivism, which of the following should be given
emphasis in teaching?
A. To seek a better position in the society
B. To compare oneself with the less fortunate
C. To become economically self-reliant
D. To designate one’s superiority over the others
RATIONALIZATION: C. To become economically self-reliant. Reconstructivism aims to achieve
social changes. This is a philosophy that entails the identification of social problems, finding
solutions for this and be a part of the solution.
29. Joining organizations or clubs in school is requisite to granting of academic distinction under
DECS Order No. 65, s. 1998. This shows school community connection reflected in activities
geared towards society's needs. What philosophy is related to this? / Activities planned by
school clubs or organizations show school-community connection geared towards society's
needs. What philosophy is related to this?
RATIONALIZATION: D. Reconstructivism. Reconstructivism aims to achieve social changes.
This is a philosophy that entails the identification of social problems, finding solutions for this and
be a part of the solution.
30. Increase of time allotment in English, Math and Science in the Elementary level under the
New Elementary School Curriculum (NESC) as provided in DECS Order No. 1, s. 1993
contributes in the culturation of basic literacy by providing the needed essential skills. The related
philosophy is .
B. Essentialism D. Perennialism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Essentialism. Essentialism is an educational theory rooted in classical
the 3R's.
31. Teacher A believes that the learner is the product of his environment. Sometimes he has no
choice. He/she is determined by his environment.
RATIONALIZATION: B. Behaviorist. A behaviourist believes that human behaviour can be best
explained in terms of responses to external stimuli. Also, education can be best achieved by
modifying or changing student behaviours in a socially acceptable manner through the
arrangement of the conditions for learning. The control is obtained not by manipulating the
individual, but the environment.
32. The curriculum is viewed as a means of developing desirable habits. It is recommended that
the way /means to form these habits is through the mastery of organized subject matter. Which
philosophy is behind this educational view?
RATIONALIZATION: C. Realism. This educative process is viewed mainly as the transmission of
information and knowledge. The curriculum has the function of forming the body and this
interrelationship gives rise to the dictum "sound mind in a sound body."
33. Teachers in school perform the role and responsibility of parents in the development and
education of the child. This stems from the belief that the home is the primary agency in the
education of the individual. Thus, teachers are regarded as surrogate parents along the loco
parentis principle. Which philosophy espouses this view of education?
A. Pragmatism C. Idealism
B. Naturalism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: B. Naturalism - the school is seen as the extension of home and teachers
are deemed "surrogate parents".
34. This philosophy believes that students need a passionate encounter with the positive and
negative phases of life like the joy and agony of love, desirability of life, the inevitability of death,
the anguish of freedom and the consequences of choices and actions. Which philosophy
advocates this view in education?
A. Existentialism C. Essentialism
B. Perennialism D. Realism
RATIONALIZATION: A. Existentialism - it is a modern school of thought that grew out of the
thoughts of European philosophers , particularly from Soren Kierkegaard, who believes that the
central problem humanity is facing is the ability to cope with its existence.
35. The teacher should provide for shared experiences in the classroom that fosters cooperative
learning rather than competitive learning. Scientific means of inquiry complements such
atmosphere. Which theory advocates this view?
A. Existentialism C. Perennialism
36. This philosophy believes that ideas are inherent in the invidual. This explains the nature of
the Socratic dialogue in teaching, where the teacher asks questions to wring out the ideas innate
in the learner. Which school of thought has advocated this belief?
37. Teacher B believes that the learner can choose what he can become despite his
environment.
38. Teacher F is convinced that whenever a student performs a desired behavior, provided
reinforcement and soon the student will learn to perform the behavior on his own. On which
principle is Teacher F's conviction based?
A. Cognitivism C. Behaviorism
B. Environmentalism D. Constructivism
39. Changes in the T.H.E takes care of the cognitive needs of students. It also emphasizes the
use of project method as implied in DECS Order No. 91, s. 1998. The related philosophy is
.
40. DECS Order No. 13 s. 1998 entitled "Revised rules and regulations on the teaching of
religion" is emphasizing the development of one's spirituality and moral. What philosophy is
related to it?
B. Idealism D. Progressivism
41. DECS Order No. 57 s. 1998 entitled "Clarification on the changes in the Social Studies
programs" offers Economics in 3rd year instead of 4th year. The change hopefully will provide
the needed social reform in alleviating the condition of poverty. What philosophy addresses this
concern?
42. DECS Order No. 54, s. 1995 entitled "War on Waste" helps students realize their role in the
conservation of nation's resources. This also helps instil discipline among them.
What philosophy is related to this?
A. Realism C. Perennialism
B. Essentialism D. Reconstructivism
43. Which philosophy has the educational objective to indoctrinate Filipinos to accept the
teachings of the Catholic church which is to foster faith in God?
B. Pragmatism D. Existentialism
44. Virtue as one component in the teaching of Rizal as a course focuses on the teaching of
good and beauty consistent with the good and beauty in God. What philosophy supports this?
45. Scouting and Citizens Army Training (CAT) give training in character building, citizenship
training, etc. which leads to the creation of new social order and a new society eventually. What
philosophy supports this?
B. Perennialism D. Reconstructivism
46. Teacher V demonstrated the technique on how to group students according to their needs
and interests and how to use self-paced instructional materials. Which philosophy is manifested
in this activity?
A. Essentialism C. Realism
47. Teacher G, a Christian Living teacher, puts so much significance on values development and
discipline, what could be her educational philosophy?
A. Idealism C. Progressivism
B. Pragmatism D. Realism
48. What philosophy is related to the practice of schools acting as laboratory for teaching reforms
and experimentation?
49. What philosophy of education advocates that the curriculum should only include universal
and unchanging truths?
50. Which philosophy of education influence the singing of the National anthem in schools? A.
Nationalism C. Pragmatism
B. Naturalism D. Socialism
51. Who among the following believes that learning requires disciplined attention, regular
homework, and respect for legitimate authority?
A. Essentialist C. Realist
B. Progressivist D. Reconstructivist
52. Teacher G says: "If it is billiard that brings students out of the classroom, let us bring it into
the classroom. Perhaps, I can use it to teach Math." To which philosophy does Teacher G
adhere?
53. Which philosophy influenced the cultivation of reflective and meditative skills in teaching? A.
Confucianism C. Taoism
B. Existentialism D. Zen Buddhism
54. “Specialization is knowing more and more about less and less”. It is better to be a generalist
claims Teacher R. What philosophy does she uphold?
B. Existentialism D. Pragmatism
55. “Everything changes” explains the teacher. This entails readiness to accept challenges in life
and be ready to address it. What kind of philosophy can this be attributed?
A. Realism C. Behaviorism
B. Materialism D. Rationalism
56. “Life is what you make it”, exemplifies best what is :
A. Existentialist C. Idealist
B. Humanist D. Realist
57. If Teacher V believes that learning also takes place in having interaction with the
environment, this teacher can be regarded as:
A. Pragmatist C. Realist
B. Empricist D. Herbalist
58. Teacher Q is concerned more on conceptual matters since reality is mental. She upholds this
kind of philosophy:
A. Empiricism C. Idealism
B. Realism D. Progressivism
59. Teacher W is known in giving great importance on humanistic education. Which of the
following will depict this trait?
A. Developing students into thinking individuals
B. Making students civilized, distinctly educated and refined
C. Giving the students the freedom to choose and decide for themselves
D. Teaching the students the different works of civilization
60. To come closer to the truth we need to "go back to the things themselves." This is the advice
of the .
A. Behaviorists C. Idealists
B. Phenomenologists D. Pragmatists
61. Which group of philosophers maintain that "truth exists in an objective order that is
independent of the knower"? / Teacher D believes that "truth exists in an objective order and
independent of the knower".
She is considered .
A. Idealists C. Existentialists
B. Pragmatists D. Realists
62. Edukasyong Kagandahang Asal at Wastong Pag-uugali (EKAWP) is integrated in the New
Elementary School Curriculum. Which philosophy supports the teaching of EKAWP in the
elementary school?
A. Taoism C. Hinduism
B. Buddhism D. Confucianism
63. Who is most likely to advise you to modify your classroom environment in such a way that
your pupils will be motivated to learn?
A. Humanist C. Cognitivist
B. Behaviorist D. Existentialist
64. You arrive at knowledge by re-thinking of latent ideas. From whom does this thought come?
A. Experimentalist C. Idealist
B. Realist D. Existentialist
65. If a student believes in this passage "One cannot see perfection but i long for it" then, the
student can be regarded as
/ Student B claims: "I cannot see perfection but I long for it.
So it must be real." Under which group can he be classified?
A. Idealist D. Pragmatist E. Humanist
B. Empiricist C. Realist
66. If a teacher would say that honesty is still an important value even if no one values it, the
teacher can be regarded as .
A. Realist C. Idealist
B. Empiricist D. Positiv
ENCODED BY:
icko reyes
>Miss Moon<
CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
1. Which is NOT a provision for the development of each learner in a good curriculum?
a. Extensive arrangements are made for the educational diagnosis of individual learners.
b. Self-directed, independent study is encouraged wherever possible and advisable.
c. Self-motivation and self-evaluation are stimulated and emphasized throughout the learning
opportunities of the school.
d. The program provides a wide range of opportunities for individuals with same abilities, needs,
and interests.
Analysis: Option D is CORRECT. Notice the word NOT in the question above. This entails that
the answer to the question is a provision or activity which does not promote the development of
each learner. While option D mentions of a program which provides a wide range of opportunities
for individuals, it only focuses on individuals with the same level of abilities, needs and interest. It
fails to consider individual differences.
Option A is INCORRECT. The provision of extensive educational diagnosis of learners will really
help address the specific needs of children.
Options B and C are INCORRECT. Self-directed, independent study and self-motivation and
evaluation highlight the ability of children to construct and direct their own learning. These enable
them to develop their potential to the fullest.
2. Teacher Lily would like to take a part in developing a subject-centered curriculum because she
believes that all subjects in this type of curriculum are geared towards the holistic development of
the learner. Is her belief about the subject-centered curriculum true?
a. Yes, because the subject-centered curriculum focuses on the learners needs, interests and
abilities.
b. No, because it is the experience-centered curriculum emphasizes the teaching of facts and
knowledge for future use.
c. Yes, because the subject-centered curriculum involves cooperative control.
d. No, because it is the experience centered not the subject-centered curriculum that emphasizes
integration of habits and skills in learning the knowledge component of a subject area.
Analysis: Option D is CORRECT. The belief of Teacher Lily about the subject-centered
curriculum is not acceptable. Holistic development covers physical, socio-emotional, mental and
moral development of the learners. This is possible under an experience-centered curriculum.
Option B is INCORRECT. While it agrees to the premise that Teacher Lily’s conception about the
subject-centered curriculum is not true, this option could not be accepted because it presents
conflicting information. It is subject-centered curriculum, not experience-centered curriculum,
which emphasizes the teaching of facts and knowledge.
Option A and C are INCORRECT. The consideration of learners’ needs, interests, and abilities
including cooperative practices in the classroom are some of the important traits of experience-
centered curriculum.
3. In the elementary level, English literature and Social studies relate well. While history is being
studied, different literary pieces during the historical period is being studied as well. What
curriculum design is shown here?
a. Separate subject design
b. Discipline design
c. Correlation design
d. Broad field design
Analysis: Option C is CORRECT. Subjects are related to one another but each subject maintains
its identity. In the question above, English literature and social studies correlate well. The literary
pieces being studied in English literature reflect the culture, social activities even the problems
and issues in each historical period.
Options A and B are INCORRECT. Both separate subject design and discipline design are
compartmentalized. They stressed so much on cluster of topic, content and academic
disciplines.
Option D is INCORRECT. Like correlation design, broad field design was made to prevent
compartmentalization of subjects. However, unlike correlation design, broad field considers wider
integration of subjects that are fused into one subject. Thus, the identity of each subject
combined is lost.
4. This phase of curriculum development involves decisions, among other things, on grade
placement and sequencing of content. Which phase is this?
a. Curriculum planning
b. Curriculum evaluation
c. Curriculum organization
d. Curriculum implementation
Analysis: Option C is CORRECT. Decisions on sequencing of content and grade placement are
done on the level of the curriculum organization/design. In this level, the curriculum developer
determines the scope and sequence of content in each subject based on the design of the
curriculum.
Option A, C, and D are INCORRECT. Panning involves among others, diagnosis of needs and
social demands which will make up the goals/objectives of the curriculum. This is done at the
initial phase of curriculum development process. Implementation is more concern on the actual
delivery of the curriculum in the schools/classrooms. This process is conducted after the content,
grade placement, etc. had been finalized. Evaluation is the terminal part of the curriculum
development process where the efficiency, effectiveness, and impact of the curriculum are
measured.
5. One example of this design of subject-centered curriculum is that which shows social studies
being combined with geography, civics and culture, and history to comprise one subject area.
Which design is this?
a. Correlated
b. Broadfields
c. Separate subject
d. Core
Analysis: Option B is CORRECT. Broadfield design was made to prevent the
compartmentalization of subjects and integrate the contents that are related to each other. Thus,
geography, civics and culture, and history are fused into one subject called social studies.
Eventually, the identity of each subject is lost. Broad field draws around themes and integration.
Option A is INCORRECT. Correlated design relates the content of two subjects in order to
reduce fragmentation. However, the identity of each subject is maintained. This is not the case in
the question above.
Option C is INCORRECT. Separate subjects design is highly compartmentalized and
fragmented.
Option D is INCORRECT. Core design revolves around general education and the problems are
based on common human activities.

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SAMPLE QUESTIONNAIRE FOR “ISMS” PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION (SOCIAL

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