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Microcontroller based SMS Micro E-load

Vending machine
A Thesis Topic Proposal
Presented to the Faculty of the
Department of Electronics & Communications Engineering
College of Engineering, De La Salle University
In Partial Fulfillment of
The Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Science in Electronics and Communications Engineering
By
Cu, Joshua C.
Uy, Jeckson T.
August, 2006
CHAPTER 1
THE PROBLEM STATEMENT
1.1. Background of the Study

Presently, there has been a world-wide spread use of cellular phones. Cellular

communication plays an important role in our daily life. It helps us locate and be in touch with another

person in a remote location. Since the Philippines being a developing country 33% of our population

is under poverty (Senate Economic Planning Office, 2005). Wireless Telecommunications Company

offered prepaid loading option that is highly suitable in the Philippine setting. Subscribers purchase

consumable credits for their account in preset denominations. These gave subscribers limited option

to choose the amount they will load up.

Then in 2003, telecommunication companies addressed that problem by launching a nation-

wide auto reloading stations through a retailer SIM card that vendors can use to pass an amount of

load as specified by the subscriber starting at an appreciable amount of money with an increment of

one peso. This new prepaid loading service was introduced to capture the interest of budget minded

Filipinos or blue collared employees that prefers to load up in smaller denomination. It is difficult for

these people to purchase prepaid loads amounting to hundreds of pesos in one transaction because

of their daily budget. That is why people are in a day-to-day basis of buying prepaid loads and a wide-

spread of auto loading services nationwide. Subscribers can reload from a minimum of P25 up to a
2

thousand with a P1 denomination. Business people are attracted to this service because
it
is a low investment business which a person can manage on his/her own.
1.2. Statement of the Problem

The current process of e-load reloading is typing the password, recipient’s phone number

and the amount of prepaid credit. A mere “0” added to the amount could lead to an enormous loss of

income. There will be no means to cancel the transaction once it has been sent. Considering that the

earnings are small, any mistakes made are devastating. That’s why it is very important to encode the
proper amount and number to the GSM device. A prepaid load can also not be delivered properly

when the vendor themselves commits mistake in encoding the recipient’s number.

Telecommunication companies are not liable to the mistakes done by the retailer. That’s why there is

a need to eliminate the cause of this error.

There is a need to automate the current auto loading system implemented here in the

Philippines. As seen in most stores, the prepaid auto reloading services are being done manually with

the vendor using his/her cellular phone to make the transaction. Considering that the transaction is

being processed manually, there is the chance for the seller to commit unwanted mistakes, mistakes

which could lead to money loss or the loss of income. To avoid these unnecessary mistakes, there is

a need to automate (“interview”, 2006).

3

1.3. Objectives
There is a need eliminate the cause of error in the conventional auto reloading
services.
1.3.1. General Objective(s)
To automate the prepaid auto loading services implemented here in the
Philippines by constructing a vending machine.
1.3.2. Specific Objectives
1.3.2.1. To use a microcontroller.
1.3.2.2. To use GSM device interfaced with microcontroller in sending

masked SMS.

1.3.2.3. To be able to accept bills and coins.

1.3.2.4. To be able to give the proper change if necessary.

1.3.2.5. To provide a dot matrix LCD to the system.

1.3.2.6. To log all transactions made in the microcontroller’s internal

memory.

1.3.2.7. To use an external keypad module as inputs to the system.

1.3.2.8. It should be able to run 24 hours a day, and 7 days a week.

1.3.2.9. To use a CMOS battery to be the back up battery memory storage.

1.3.2.10. To provide security measures in case of tampering.

1.3.2.11. It should be able to perform self-diagnostics on its components.

1.3.2.12. To provide retrieval means of stored information on memory

used.
4

1.4. Scope and Delimitation

1.4.1 The system will be using a Nokia based model GSM device.
1.4.2. There will be no exploration on the complexity of microwave frequency

since GSM bands are in the microwave frequency.

1.4.3. There will be no exploration in the complexity of the GSM module.

1.4.4. The SMS application of the said GSM will be used.

1.4.5. Programming of the microcontroller will be extensively covered in the

study.

1.4.6. The device will only be limited to cater two networks.

1.4.7. Our study will be limited to the use of a readily made bill feeder and
verification device.
1.4.8. The keypad interface device that will be used for the study will be a
complete module.
1.4.9. The model of the vending machine chassis will be designed by the thesis
proponents.
1.4.10. The actual fabrication of the vending machine chassis will not be done by
thesis proponents.
1.4.11. Testing parameters of the device would be limited to delivery time, and
response time
1.4.12. Delivery time performance would not consider an occurrence of a busy
network which is beyond the team’s control.
1.4.13. The system can detect and inform about an occurrence of a busy network.
5

1.4.14. The efficiency would be based on response time of the system.

1.4.15. The system should be able to check for GSM connection to network to

ensure service.

1.4.16. The system will only provide change if there are stored change available.

1.4.17. The system will be able to withdraw from the on-going transaction upon
 power loss.

1.4.18. To store 70 coins of 1, 5 and 10 peso denomination each.

1.4.20. To store the number of bills as specified in the data sheet of the said bill
acceptor.
1.4.21. The logging system should be able to store memories up to 1 week worth
of transactions.
1.4.22. An extended memory may be used in case more memory is demanded.
1.5. Significance of the Study

This study will aid people who are engaged in the prepaid reloading industry by automating

the conventional method being practiced even as we speak. This thesis project will help distributors

avoid, or even eliminate the tedious task of inputting the mobile phone number and the amount to be

reloaded which is, in most cases, where the error cause by negligence occurs.

There will be room for franchise expansion since the thesis will then have a corresponding

hardware, the device made can be placed anywhere. Similar to a vending machine, this device will be

a stand alone prepaid reloading machine. It will further expand the horizon of business entrepreneurs

by placing this.
6

The study involves integration of the whole system into a smaller device that could take up a

small area. The study hopes to open a business opportunity in a form of vending machine investment.
1.6. Description of the Project

This thesis project will be composed of a microcontroller, a keypad, an LCD

display, a money feeder, a money changer, a GSM module and a power supply. The

microcontroller serves as the brain of the whole project; this is where all the decisions

and calculations happen.

Initially, the user inputs the amount using the keypad. Then the user will then be asked for

the money to be deposited in the coin acceptor or bill acceptor. Then the device will have to ask for
the phone number of the said account. Then the device should prompt a question to proceed or not

while displaying the amount and the phone number for visual verification.
7
Figure 1. System Flow Process
Figure 2. Component Structure
8
INSTRUCTING &
COMMUNICATING
GSM DEVICE
INPUT OF
AMOUNT
INSERTION OF
MONEY
KEYPAD
LCD
MONEY FEEDER
MONEY
CHANGER
GSM MODULE
MICROCONTROLLER
 LOG
(internal
memory)
POWER
SUPPLY
9
Fi
g

ure3.S
y

stemProcess
FlowChart(d
etailedbrea
kdownoffi
g

ure1)

1.7. Methodology

The Methodology that will be applied will be classified into three (3)

different parts; Research, Hardware implementation, and Software

implementation
1.7.1. Research

The research would compose of statistical study on the usage of e-load in the Philippines.

The group will be take advantage of the facilities inside campus. The library for accurate research;

Books and journals will be very much used because of its legitimacy and advancements. The internet

will also be used due to its accessibility and up-to-date content like online articles, statistics, and

product catalogs. Finally, consultation with the adviser will surely be considered.
1.7.2. Hardware Implementation

This would involve the familiarization of microcontrollers that are available in the market. For

the selection of the microcontroller the group will be considering the price and specifications that

would fit our application. The hardware in the money collection module will be a coin feeder. The

display will be an LCD display matrix with backlight. A keypad will accept the input parameters to

operate the vending machine. The housing will be a stainless steel specially fabricated to the

dimensions that will contain the whole system. The

10

memory would likely have 60K x 4 pages, jumper selectable memory. If more
memory is needed then an extended memory module would be used.
1.7.3. Software Implementation
 The software would entail the programming language that depends on the microcontroller

chosen. Preferably C language would be explored by the group. Other forms of programming

language will be based on Nokia GSM device and the bill & coin validation section.
11
12

1.9. Estimated Budget of the Project

Part List
(Php)
Microcontroller
1200
GSM Unit
4000
Coin Feeder Package
xxxx
Bill Acceptor
xxxx
Power Supply Module
2000
Chassis
5000
Shipment
1200
Miscellaneous
500
Total
16,700 Php ++
13

Chapter 1 Thesis Revised

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