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GDN 12TH ANNUAL GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE

“FINANCING DEVELOPMENT IN A POST-CRISIS WORLD: THE NEED FOR A FRESH
LOOK”
JANUARY 13-15, 2011
UNIVERSITY OF BOGOTA, COLUMBIA

“FROM BEIJING TO DOHA”:

FINANCING FOR GENDER EQUALITY
& DEVELOPMENT IN PICS

PRIYA CHATTIER
THE UNIVERSITY OF THE SOUTH PACIFIC
FIJI ISLANDS
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Pacific
Island
Countries
and
Territories
 Outline of Presentation:
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 Gender equality commitments

 Where the region stands?

 Background of Study

 Evidence of Devt. Effectiveness in PICs

 Objectives of research

 Research methodology

 Conclusion and feedback

 Towards a common
understanding of Gender Equality
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 The concept of equality is

complex. How to define and how
to achieve are debated.

 Gender equality is not sameness

of genders; but that all are equally
valuable and entitled.

 Equal access to capabilities for

men and women, freedom,
opportunities, rights and
resources are not restricted to
gender.
Commitments to Gender Equality &
Women’s Rights:
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The Beijing platform for action – BPA +5 & BPA +10

MDG 3 on Gender Equality
CEDAW and human rights frameworks
Regional commitments on Gender Equality (RPPA)
National Commitments & Plans

Anticipated outcomes
Equitable progress on human development indicators
including eliminated gender gaps
 No single measure is sufficient to capture entrenched gender
inequalities
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 Data are selective or absent
to capture gender gaps

 Various gender related

indices emphasize different
aspects
- Gender-related Development
Index (GDI) & Gender
Empowerment Measure (GEM)
- Global Gender Gap Index (GGI)
- Social Institutions and Gender
Index (SIGI)
- Gender Equity Index (GEI)
 Where the Region Stands?
(Pacific often ranks low on gender indicators)
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1.00
implies
parity
M=F

Source: World development indicators online, World Bank 2009

 Women’s inheritance, safety and voice
are not guaranteed
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 UNEQUAL INHERITANCE: More than 1/2 the countries

in South Pacific favour men with customary laws on
inheritance that discriminate against women

 PERVASIVE GENDER BASED VIOLENCE: More than

60 per cent of the countries in the Pacific have no laws on
domestic violence

 RESTRICTED POLITICAL VOICE: The region has the

lowest per cent of women parliamentarians in the world; the
Pacific has 4 of the 6 countries in the world with no women
parliamentarians.
Hardly Any Women Farm Owners in Women Earn Less than Men
Asia-Pacific
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Ratio of Female-to-Male Estimated Earned Income in

Per cent of Farmland Owned by Women Asia-Pacific, 2007, US $ PPP
Regional Comparisons Source: Based on UNDP Human Development Report 2009
Source: FAO agricultural census 1989 to 1999
 Political voice:
Pacific is second from the bottom; only Arab states are lower

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Source: As of 30 June 2009, IPU

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So why does
gender
matter in
devt. and
devt.
financing in
fragile states
of the
Pacific?
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 Laws passed on EVAW, Land rights, gender equality,

etc. with no resources allocated for their implementation
and/or enforcement;
Reality
Check?  National Gender Policies and “action plans” do
not define clear actions, are not costed, budgeted nor
linked to sectoral budgeting.

 Mainstream Development Plans at national,

“Translating sectoral, local (annual/medium term) do not adequately
reflect gender issues.
Gender
Equality  Institutions do not have the resources and capacities
for mainstream gender in planning and budgeting and
Commitments M&E.
into Practice”
 Institutions with oversight role are not adequately
supported.

 And generally, no data is systematically available to

monitor change in financing either quality or quantity.
 Bringing equality within reach:
13 Paris Declaration & Aid Effectiveness Framework

So what might
the next decade
hold for aid
effectiveness
and
delivery towards
gender equality
commitments
in the Oceanic
region?
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Paris & Doha Declaration
as strategic windows?

Ownership

Alignment

Harmonization

Managing for
Results

Mutual
Accountability
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 Pacific Leaders agreed in 2009 on
‘Cairns Compact’ for strenghtening Devt
Coordination in the Pacific.

 2007 Pacific Principles of Aid

Effectiveness to ensure greater country
Evidence of ownership of devt. efforts and
integration of aid into implementation.
Development
Effectiveness  Evidence on effectiveness of devt efforts
lacking in the Pacific.
in the
Pacific  Only PNG participated in 2008 survey
Monitoring the Paris Declaration.

 Samoa and Cook Is. will participate in

2010 survey.
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The
question is
whether or
not gender
equality is
one of the
devt.
priorities?

(where are
women in this
process?)
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 UNIFEM (UN Women) is piloting

work on GE and aid effectiveness.

 First in the Pacific.

PNG Case
Study in  Significant progress in localizing the
the Pacific PD principles & commitments on Aid
effectiveness.

 E.g. PNG Long-Term Devt Strategy;

PNG Commitment on Aid
Effectiveness; established forum on
GE.
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 To explore the issues of gender equality
& how it is captured and analysed in the
implementation and review of PD on Aid
Effectiveness in 2 PICs (PNG and
Vanuatu)

Research  Comparative analysis of 2 countries on

national priorities for GE & WE selected
Objectives in national devt strategies, donor
country specific strategies &
programmes.

 Good practices for supporting GE & WE

through implementation of PD.

 Whether or not monitoring aid

effectiveness through PD contributes to
realisation of international, regional &
national GE commitments.
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 Secondary & primary data collection
methods

 Lit review of govt policy papers, national

budget docs, PD on Aid Effectiveness in
Research Pacific, donor reports, and gender
Methods equality.

 Individual & focus-group interviews

with stakeholders (govt officials, donors,
CSOs, women’s machineries, academia
etc).

 Rapid assessments using secondary

sources/data.

 Lit review of best practices and

examples or risks & opportunities.
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 Which donors are supportive of GE programmes?

 Commitment to the principles of national

ownership & mutual accountability?

 National plans & policies supporting GE?

 Donor gender mainstreaming?

Research
 Donor programmes on GE?
Questions
 Gendered economic & policy analysis, data
collection & monitoring?

 Harmonization of donors in relation to GE?

 Role of CSOs & women’s machineries in support

of GE programmes/plans etc
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Moving
forward:

1. Make international commitments a reality!!

2. PD on aid effectiveness useful framework for GE assessments.
3. Holistic GE approach.
4. Models of partnership across govt, CSOs, & donors.
5. Pathway for women’s empowerment in PICs.
Thank you for listening 

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