DIAGNOSTIC TEST RESULT NORMAL RESULT INTERPRETATION SIGNIFICANCE NURSING

IMPLICATION

November 13, 2010 @ 6pm

CBC- Complete Blood Count

4.4 4.6x10 12/L Decreased Indicates anemia, fluid Pretest:

RBC overload - Explain to the patient
what this test is all about
Hematocrit 0.38 0.40-0.54 % Decreased Suggetst anemia, - Tell patient that this test
hemodilution requires a blood sample.
Hemoglobin 127.0 130-160 g/L Decreased May indicate anemia, fluid Explain who will perform
retention, hemodilution the venipuncture and when
WBC 14.5 5-10x10g/L Increased Signals infection - Explain to the patient that
he may experience slight
Segmenters 0.55 0.50-0.65 Normal Normal discomfort from the needle
puncture and the tourniquet
Lymphocytes 0.12 0.25-0.35/mm Decreased Suggest acquired - Inform the patient that she
immunodeficiency need not to restrict food or
syndrome fluids
Stabs 0.05 0.05-0.10 Normal Normal Posttest:
Monocytes 0.03 0.03-0.07 Normal Normal - Apply direct pressure to
the venipuncture site until
Eosinophils 0.01 0.01-0.03 Normal Normal bleeding stops
Basophils 0 a0-0.01 Normal Normal - Instruct patient to resume
any medications stopped
Platelet 242 140-150x10 g/L Increased Suggest infectious disorder, before the test
anemia
 DIAGNOSTIC TEST RESULT NORMAL RESULT INTERPRETATION SIGNIFICANCE NURSING
IMPLICATION

November 18, 2010 @ 8:16 pm

CBC- Complete Blood Complete
4.3 4.6x10 12/L Decreased Indicates anemia, fluid Pretest:
RBC overload - Explain to the patient
what this test is all about
Hematocrit 0.38 0.40-0.54 % Decreased Suggetst anemia, - Tell patient that this test
hemodilution requires a blood sample.
Hemoglobin 127.0 130-160 g/L Decreased Indicate anemia, fliud Explain who will perform
retention the venipuncture and when
WBC 7.9 5-10x10g/L Normal Normal - Explain to the patient that
he may experience slight
Segmenters 0.60 0.50-0.65 Normal Normal discomfort from the needle
puncture and the tourniquet
- Inform the patient that she
Lymphocytes 0.11 0.25-0.35/mm Decreased Suggest acquired
need not to restrict food or
immunodeficiency
fluids
syndrome
Posttest:
Stabs 0.05 0.05-0.10 Normal Normal
- Apply direct pressure to
the venipuncture site until
Monocytes 0.03 0.03-0.07 Normal Normal bleeding stops
- Instruct patient to resume
Eosinphils 0.01 0.01-0.03 Normal Normal any medications stopped
before the test
Basophiles 0 0-0.01 Normal Normal
 DIAGNOSTIC TEST NURSING
RESULT NORMAL RESULT INTERPRETATION SIGNIFICANCE
IMPLICATION
November 20, 2010 @ 4 pm
CBC- Complete Blood Count
4.2 4.6x10 12/L Decreased Indicates anemia, fluid Pretest:
RBC overload - Explain to the patient
what this test is all about
Hematocrit 0.36 0.40-0.54 % Decreased Suggetst anemia, - Tell patient that this test
hemodilution requires a blood sample.
Hemoglobin 121.0 130-160 g/L Decreased Indicate anemia, fliud Explain who will perform
retention the venipuncture and when
WBC 6.9 5-10x10g/L Normal Normal - Explain to the patient that
he may experience slight
Segmenters 0.60 0.50-0.65 Normal Normal discomfort from the needle
puncture and the tourniquet
- Inform the patient that she
Lymphocytes 0.06 0.25-0.35/mm Decreased Suggest acquired
need not to restrict food or
immunodeficiency
fluids
syndrome
Posttest:
Stabs 0.05 0.05-0.10 Normal Normal
- Apply direct pressure to
the venipuncture site until
Monocytes 0.03 0.03-0.07 Normal Normal bleeding stops
- Instruct patient to resume
Eosinphils 0.01 0.01-0.03 Normal Normal any medications stopped
before the test
Basophiles 0 0-0.01 Normal Normal
 NORMAL NURSING
DATE TEST RESULT INTERPRETATION SIGNIFICANCE
VALUES CONSIDERARION
11-13-10 Pretest:
4.05
- Explain to the patient
Potassium 3.5-5.3 mmol/L Normal Normal
11-17-10 what this test is all about
4.6
- Tell patient that this test
11-13-10 requires a blood sample.
130 Decreased Suggests altered state of hydration
Explain who will
perform the venipuncture
and when
- Explain to the patient
that she may experience
slight discomfort from
the needle puncture and
the tourniquet
Sodium 135-148 mmol/L - Inform the patient that
11-17-10 136.1 Normal Normal she need not to restrict
food or fluids
Posttest:
- Apply direct pressure to
the venipuncture site
until bleeding stops
- Instruct patient to
resume any medications
stopped before the test

NURSING
DATE TEST RESULT NORMAL VALUES INTERPRETATION SIGNIFICANCE
CONSIDERARION
Nov. 15, 2010 @ Gram Stain Epithelial cells: 2+ No parasites or flora With presence of Suggest presence of Pretest:
10:25 am WBC: 4+ are seen bacteria bacterial infection - Explain to the patient
Specimen: Sputum Gram (-) Bacilli: 1+ what this test is all about
Gram (+) Cocci: 1+ - Explain to the patient
that sputum are collected
 Organism Isolated: in this test
moderate growth of Intratest:
candida albicans - After collecting the
specimen, send it
immediately to the
laboratory and label
container with name and
room number of the
patient.
Patient care:
- Provide mouth care
after the procedure

DIAGNOSTIC TEST RESULT NORMAL RESULT INTERPRETATION SIGNIFICANCE NURSING

IMPLICATION

November 14, 2010 @ 11 pm

Lipid Profile
Cholesterol Usually linked to Pretest:
2.05 3.5-5.2mmol/L Decreased malnutrition, cellular - Explain to the patient
necrosis of the liver, what this test is all about
Triglyceride Abnormal: rare and occur - Tell patient that this test
3.72 0.46-1.60 mmol/L Decreased requires a blood sample.
mainly in malnutrition
HDL may be a sign to have an Explain who will perform
increased risk for the venipuncture and when
0.05 0.77-2.19mmol/L Decreased - Explain to the patient that
atherosclerotic heart
disease. she may experience slight
LDL Indicates malnutrition, discomfort from the needle
malabsorption (inadequate puncture and the tourniquet
0.31 1.30-4.42mmol/L Decreased - Instruct the patient to fast
absorption of nutrients
from the intestinal tract) for atleast 12 hours before
VLDL Increased risk of the test. Tell the patient that
1.69 0.13-1.04mmol/L Increased atherosclerotic heart he may drink fluid.
disease Posttest:
- Apply direct pressure to
the venipuncture site until
bleeding stops
- Instruct patient that he
may resume her usual diet
and medications stopped
before the test.
DATE TEST PATIENTS NORMAL INTERPRETATION SIGNIFICANCE NURSING
RESULT VALUES CONSIDERATON

11-14-10 AFB - Acid Fast 1+ Absence of acid Abnormal/Increased Presence of acid fast bacteria that cause Pretest:
Stain fast bacteria on tuberculosis - Explain to the patient
11-21-10 0 the stained Normal Normal what this test is all about
Specimen: Sputum specimen - Explain to the patient
that sputum are collected
in this test
Intratest:
- After collecting the
specimen, send it
immediately to the
laboratory and label
container with name and
room number of the
patient.
Patient care:
- Provide mouth care
after the procedure
DIAGNOSTIC TEST DATE RESULT NORMAL INTERPRETATION SIGNIFICANCE NURSING
VALUES CONSIDERARTION
HGT- Hemoglucotest 11-13-10 @ 6:50 132 70-110mg Increased • Hyperglycemia Pretest:
pm • Stress - Explain to the patient
• Steroid use what this test is all about
• Pancreatic or - Tell patient that this
Hepatic disease test requires a blood
sample. Explain who
• Excessive amt. of
will perform the
IV fluids
venipuncture and when
containing glucose
- Explain to the patient
that she may experience
slight discomfort from
the needle puncture and
the tourniquet
- Inform the patient that
she need not to restrict
food or fluids
Posttest:
- Apply direct pressure
to the venipuncture site
until bleeding stops
- Instruct patient to
resume any medications
stopped before the test
 PROTIME- November 13, 2010 PT: 21.2 sec PT: 10-14 sec Abnormal Prolonged PT may Pretest:
Prothrombine Time @ 8:38 am Control: 13.6 sec indicate deficiencies -Explain to the patient
Activity: 64% in fibrinogen, vit. K that this test
INR: 2.26 deficiencies determines wheteher
the blood clots
normally
-Inform patient that
she need not to restrict
food and fluids
-Tell the patient that
this test requires a
blood sample. Explain
who will perform the
venipuncture and
when.
-Explain to the patient
that she may feel slight
discomfort from the
tourniquet and needle
puncture
Posttest:
- Make sure subdermal
bleeding has stopped
before removing the
pressure
- Instruct patient that
she may resume her
usual diet and
medications stopped
before the test
DIAGNOSTIC TEST RESULT NORMAL VALUE INTERPRETATION SIGNIFICANCE NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
November 13, 2010 @ 6:50 pm
ALBUMIN, BUN, CREATININE, SGOT, SGPT
Albumin 17.37 35-54 g/L Decreased Indicate cirrhosis, acute Pretest:
liver failure - Explain to the patient that this test assesses
BUN- Blood Urea 3.44 2.5-7.2 mmol/L Normal Normal heart and liver function
Nitrogen - Tell the patient that she need not to restrict
Creatinine 71.5 53-106 umol/L Normal Normal food and fluids
- Explain to the patient that she may feel
SGOT – Aspartate 112.0 8-40 u/L Increased Indicates acute viral experience slight discomfort from the tourniquet
amino transferase hepatitis, severe passive and needle puncture
liver congestion Posttest:
SGPT- alanine amino 17.0 5-35 u/L Normal Normal -Apply direct pressure from the venipuncture
transferase site until bleeding stops
- Instruct the patient that she may resume
medications stopped before the test
 URINALYSIS
Nov. 13, 2010 @ 07:45 pm
RESULT NORMAL VALUE INTERPRETATION
Color: straw to dark yellow -Normal in color, specific gravity, Ph
• COLOR: YELLOW Odor: slightly aromatic -Increase WBC implies urinary tract inflammation and
• TRANSPARENCY: CLOUDY Appearance: Clear WBC cast in urine suggest renal infection
• CRYSTALS: (negative) Specific Gravity: 1.005 to 1.035
• SPECIFIC GRAVITY: 1.020 Ph: 4.5 to 8
RBC: 0-2
• pH: 5.0
WBC: 0-5
• PROTIEN: (-)
Casts: 0
• SUGAR: (-) Crystals: present
• WBC: 7-9
• RBC: 8-11
• BACTERIA: +2
• MUCUS: +2
• CASTS: Coarsely granular
NURSING CONSIDERATIONS
Pretest:
- Explain to the patient that this test helps to diagnose renal or urinary tract disease and to evaluate overall body function
-Inform the patient that she need not to restrict food or fluids
-Notify the laboratory and physician of drugs the patient is taking that may alter the result
Intratest:
-Instruct patient to wash genitals before and after voiding
Collect the random urine specimen of at least 15ml obtain a first voided morning specimen if possible
Posttest:
-Send the specimen immediately to the laboratory after collecting with label (patient’s name & room #)
-Inform patient that she may resume medications stopped before the test
 November 14, 2010 @ 01:30 pm
ABG- ARTERIAL BLOOD GAS

DIAGNOSTIC TEST RESULT NORMAL RESULT INTERPRETATION SIGNIFICANCE

O2 Saturation 71 95-100% Decreased Low PO2, O2 and high PCO2 level may result
from conditions that impair respiratory function.
pH 7.29 7.35-7.45 Normal

PO2 43 80-108mmHg Decreased

PCO2 59.9 35-46mmHg Increased
Base Excess 2 (-2) – (+3)mmol/L
HCO3 28.9 22-26mmol/L Increased
Total CO2 31 23-27mmol/L Increased

NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

Pretest:
- Explain that ABG evaluates how well the lungs are delivering oxygen to the blood and eliminating carbon dioxide
- Tell patient that this test requires blood samle. Explain who will perform the procedure and when and where the venipuncture site will be: radial, brachial or femoral
- Inform the patient that she need not to restrict food and fluids
- Instruct the patient to breath normally during the test and warm him that he may experience cramping or throbbing pain at the puncture site
Patient Care:
-After applying pressure at the venipuncture site for 3-5 minutes or until bleeding stop
- Monitor vital signs and observe for signs of circulatory impairment such as swelling, discoloration, pain, numbness, and tingling in the site.
 STOOL ANALYSIS with OCCULT BLOOD
November 22, 2010 @ 8:40 pm
RESULT NORMAL VALUE INTERPRETATION SIGNIFICANCE
Color: Brown No parasite or ova are present in stool Normal Normal
Character: Loose
Occult Blood: (-)
Pus cells: (-)
Mucus: (-)
RBC:0
Amoebas: (-)
Flagellates: (-)
Elisa for E. histolytice: N/A

Comments: no parasites seen

NURSING CONSIDERATIONS

Preparation:
- Explain to the patient that this test detects abnormal GI bleeding
- Instruct the patient to maintain high fiber diet 48-72 hrs before the test
- Instruct the patient to avoid contaminating the fecal specimen with toilet tissue or urine
- Instruct patient to get the middle portion of the stool and put it on the container
- Instruct patien to wash hands before and after getting the stool

Implementation:
- Send immediately the stool in the laboratory and put label (patient’s name and room #)
- After testing is complete, inform the patient that she may result her usual diet and medications stopped before the test