Name: Piolo Julius G.

Cabagnot Date Submitted: December 3, 2020

Course & Year: BSME – III Offering No.: Z043
MEng 138 – Combustion Engineering
Lesson Assessment 2.3

Test I. Match each definition with the letters on the figure.

1. The linear distance along the axis between two limiting positions. B
2. The top most position of the piston towards the crank end side of the cylinder. A
3. The volume contained in the cylinder above the piston when the piston is at top dead
center. D
4. The lowest position of the piston towards the crank end side of the cylinder. C
5. The inside diameter of the cylinder which is called the bore. E

A D
E
B
C

Test II. Answer briefly and concisely.

1. What is the major difference between a Diesel and Otto cycle?

− The major difference between a diesel and otto cycle is that the combustion process
occurs at constant pressure in diesel cycle and occurs at constant volume in case of
otto cycle
2. Calculate the average speed of a piston in m/s if the crank rotates at 30000 rev/hr. and
the piston stroke is 20 cm.
𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆𝑆 = 2𝐿𝐿𝐿𝐿
20 30000
= 2� �� �
100 3600
𝒎𝒎
𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷 𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺 = 𝟑𝟑. 𝟑𝟑𝟑𝟑
𝒔𝒔

3. Calculate the compression ratio of a cylinder with 6% clearance, and the swept volume
is 120 cc.
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 + 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉
𝑟𝑟 =
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 + 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
=
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
120 + (. 06)(120)
=
(. 06)(120)
𝒓𝒓 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏𝟏. 𝟔𝟔𝟔𝟔
 4. An engine cylinder has a compression ratio of 17. If the swept volume is 100 cc,
calculate the percent clearance.
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 + 𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉
𝑟𝑟 =
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉
𝑉𝑉𝑉𝑉 + 𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
=
𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐𝑐
100 + 𝑐𝑐 ∙ 100
17 =
𝑐𝑐 ∙ 100
𝑐𝑐 = .0625
𝒄𝒄 = 𝟔𝟔. 𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐%

5. During this stroke the inlet valve opens and proportionate fuel air mixture is sucked in
the engine cylinder.
− Suction Stroke
6. It is during this stroke when we get work from the engine; the other three strokes being
idle.
− Combustion Stroke
7. Just before the end of this stroke the operating plug initiates a spark which ignites the
mixture.
− Compression Stroke
8. The piston moves from B.D.C. to T.D.C. and the exhaust gases are driven out of the
engine cylinder.
− Exhaust Stroke
9. During what process is heat added in a dual combustion cycle?
− At process 2-3 and 3-4, where at 2-3, heat is added at constant volume and 3-4 is heat
added at constant pressure.
10. Which needs a lighter fly wheel, two stoke or four stroke cycle engines? Why?
− Two stroke cycle engines, because of the reason that it has more uniform turning
movement than the four stroke cycle engines.

Test III. Answer briefly and concisely.

The figure above shows the ideal p-V diagram of an Otto cycle. Match which processes (5-1
or 1-2, 2-3, 3-4, 1-5, or 4-1) are depicted on the strokes as shown below. Also briefly explain
what happens during this process.
Process: 5-1
The inlet valve opens and proportionate fuel air mixture is sucked
in the engine cylinder

Process: 1-2
In this stroke, the piston moves towards T.D.C. and compresses
the enclosed fuel air mixture drawn in the engine cylinder during
suction.

Process: 2-3 & 3-4

When the mixture is ignited by the spark plug the hot gases are
produced which drive or throw the piston from T.D.C. to B.D.C. and
thus the work is obtained in this stroke.

Process: 4-1 & 1-5

Here the gases from which the work has been collected become
useless after the completion of the expansion stroke and are made
to escape through exhaust valve to the atmosphere.