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PABX : +880-821-713491/714479/716123/
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713491/714479/716123/
713850/717850-Ext.- 713850/717850(G·U-)
FAX : +880-821-715257 d¨v·: +880-821-715257
Web : www.sust.edu/btc B-‡gBj: bio@sust.edu
E-mail : bio@sust.edu
Syllabus
Syllabus for B. Sc. Honours in Biotechnology, 2008-2012 Degree
The B.Sc. Honours courses in Biotechnology shall comprise the courses on Biotechnology, Physics,
Chemistry, Genetics, Computer science and engineering, Statistics, English and Economics .The
course is spread over four academic years in eight semesters. Each year is divided into two
semesters. Final examinations are held at the end of each semester and also there are in-course
examinations. A student has to complete successfully at least 140 credit hours of courses to obtain
the B.Sc. Honours degree. (A student, if he/she is not a clearing graduate, has to register for at least
12 credits minimum and 30 credits maximum in a semester).A student has to complete at least 36
credits hours in a year.
There will be marks for class participation, assignments and mid-semester examination and final
examination for which the distribution of marks is as follows:
Class participation : 10%

Assignment and mid-semester examination : 20%
Final examination : 70%
The grading system consists of Letter Grading Point Average (GPA), Letter Grade,
corresponding Grade Point will be awarded as follows:
Numerical Grade Letter Grade Grade Point

80% and above A+ 4.00
75% to less than 80% A 3.75
70% to less than 75% A- 3.50
65% to less than 70% B+ 3.25
60% to less than 65% B 3.00
55% to less than 60% B- 2.75
50% to less than 55% C+ 2.50
45% to less than 50% C 2.25
40% to less than 45% C- 2.00
Less than 40% F 0.00
Absence from the final examination will be considered incomplete. The distribution of courses for
respective academic years and semesters is given below along with the detail of the courses.
First Year Semester I
Course No. Course Title Hours/week Credits
Theory + Lab.
BTC 121 Introduction to Biotechnology 3+0 3
BTC 123 Agricultural Botany 2+0 2
BTC 122 Agricultural Botany Practical 0+2 1
BTC 125 General Microbiology 3+0 3
BTC 127 Animal Science 2+0 2
BTC 124 Animal Science Practical 0+2 1
CHE 101B General Chemistry 3+0 3
CHE 102B General Chemistry Practical 0+3 1.5
ENG 101 English Language-I 2+0 2
1
ENG 102 English Language Lab 0+2 1
Total credits 15+9 19.5
First Year Semester II
Theory + Lab.
BTC 129 Biochemistry 3+0 3
BTC 126 Biochemistry Practical 0+2 1
BTC 131 Cytology 2+0 2
BTC 128 Cytology Practical 0+2 1
BTC 133 Plant Physiology 3+0 3
BTC 130 Plant Physiology practical 0+2 1
BTC 135 Genetics 3+0 3
CSE 203 Introduction to Computer Language 2+0 2
CSE 204 Introduction to Computer Language Lab 0+6 3
ENG 103 English Language-II 2+0 2
ENG 104 English Language-II Lab 0+2 1
BTC 100 Seminar and Oral 0+2 1
Total credits 15+12 23
Second Year Semester I

Theory + Lab.
BTC 221 Animal Physiology 3+0 3
BTC 222 Animal Physiology Practical 0+2 1
BTC 223 Molecular Biology 3+0 3
BTC 225 Micro organisms of Biotechnological 3+0 3
Importance
BTC 224 Microbiology Practical 0+2 1
BTC 227 Enzymology 3+0 3
BTC 229 Biofertilizer and Biofuel 3+0 3
BTC 226 Biofertilizer and Biofuel Practical 0+2 1
BTC 231 Metabolism-I 2+0 2
Second Year Semester II

Theory + Lab.
BTC 233 Metabolism-II 2+0 2
BTC 235 Plant Breeding 3+0 3
BTC 228 Plant Breeding Practical 0+2 1
BTC 237 Animal Reproduction and Breeding 3+0 3
BTC 230 Animal Reproduction and Breeding 0+2 1
Practical and Field Work
BTC 239 Environmental Biology & Bioremediation 2+0 2
BTC 241 Fermentation Technology 3+0 3
BTC 232 Fermentation Technology Practical 0+2 1
BTC 243 Bioenergetics 2+0 2
BTC 211 Bio statistics 3+0 3
Total credit 18+8 22
Third Year Semester I

Theory + Lab.
BTC 321 Plant Tissue Culture 3+0 3
BTC 322 Plant Tissue Culture Practical 0+2 1
BTC 323 Aquaculture and Fish Breeding 3+0 3
BTC 324 Aquaculture and Fish Breeding Practical 0+2 1
BTC 325 Molecular techniques 3+0 3
BTC 327 Pharmacognosy and Pharmacology 3+0 3
2
BTC 329 Microbial genetics 2+0 2
BTC 331 Virology 3+0 3
BTC 326 Virology Practical 0+2 1
BTC 333 Bioprocess Engineering 2+0 2
Third Year Semester II

Theory + Lab.
BTC 335 Environmental Biotechnology 2+0 2
BTC 328 Environmental Biotechnology Practical 0+2 1
BTC 337 Food Processing Technology 2+0 2
BTC 339 Molecular Biology of Diseases 3+0 3
BTC 341 Animal Cell Technology 3+0 3
BTC 330 Animal Cell Technology Practical 0+2 1
BTC 343 Immunology 3+0 3
BTC 332 Immunology Practical 0+2 1
BTC 345 Bioreactor and Downstream Processing 3+0 3
BTC 302 Sessional and Field Work 0+4 2
Fourth Year Semester I

Theory + Lab.
BTC 421 Genetic Engineering 3+0 3
BTC 423 Plant Biotechnology 3+0 3
BTC 422 Plant Biotechnology Practical 0+2 1
BTC 425 Molecular Marker & Diagnostic 3+0 3
Biotechnology
BTC 424 Molecular Marker & Diagnostic 0+2 1
Biotechnology Practical
BTC 427 Food Biotechnology 3+0 3
BTC 426 Food Biotechnology Practical 0+2 1
BTC 429 Fisheries and Marine Biotechnology 2+0 2
BTC 441 Bioinformatics 2+0 2
BTC 442 Bioinformatics Lab 0+2 1
BTC 402 Sessional and Field Work 0+4 2
Fourth Year Semester II

Course Course Title Hours/week Credits
No. Theory + Lab.
BTC 431 Animal Biotechnology 3+0 3
BTC 430 Animal Biotechnology Practical and 0+2 1
Field Work
BTC 433 Medical & Pharmaceutical 3+0 3
Biotechnology
BTC 432 Medical & Pharmaceutical 0+2 1
Biotechnology Practical
BTC 435 Agricultural Biotechnology 3+0 3
BTC 437 Enzyme & Protein Technology 3+0 3
BTC 434 Research & Thesis 0+8 4
BTC 400 General Viva Voce 0+2 1
Total credits 12 +14 19
3
Detailed Syllabus
Course No. BTC 121
Course Title: Introduction to Biotechnology
Credits: 03
Contact Hours: 03 Hours/week
Concept: Definition of Biotechnology, history and multidisciplinary nature of Biotechnology,

applications of Biotechnology, Biotechnology and developing countries, commercialisation of
Biotechnology in a developing country.
Recombinant DNA technology: Concepts of Recombinant DNA technology, biological tools of
Recombinant DNA technology, modification of gene, methods of gene transfer, transgenic
organisms.
Biotechnology in Medicine: Introduction, production of human peptide hormones, insulines,
somatotropin, somatostatin, human interferon, different types of vaccines, commercial chemicals,
regulation of proteins, blood products, antibiotics and vaccines.
Biotechnology in Food: Introduction, dairy products, fish and meat products, food enzymes,
sweeteners, bakery products, food wastes, microbial products, oriental fermented foods, drinks,
alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages.
Biotechnology in Plant and Agriculture: Impact of Biotechnology in Agriculture, list of
biotechnological products produced from plant and agricultural crops and their uses,
biotechnological methods used in crop production, genetic manipulation of plant, biofertilizer,
biopesticide, biocontrol of weeds, plant tissue culture its application.
Biotechnology in Animal Production: Animal wealth, products from animal, biotechnological
methods used in animal production, genetic manipulation of animal, animal cell culture,
pharmaceuticals from transgenic animals, blood substitutes from transgenic animals.
Enzyme Technology: Definition of enzyme, enzymology and enzyme technology, nature of the
enzymes, applications of enzymes, technology of enzyme production, immobilization of enzymes.
Biological Fuel Generation: Photosynthesis- ultimate energy resources, sources of biomass,
ethanol from biomass, methane from biomass, biogas production.
Biosafety and Environmental Biotechnology: Concepts of bio safety, Sources of environmental
pollution, uses of commercial blends of microorganism and enzymes in pollution control.
Biotechnological approaches in waste treatment.
Bioinformatics: Concepts of bioinformatics, scope, importance and application of bioinformatics,
methods and process of bioinformatics.
Books Recommended:
1. Bilgrami and Pandey. 1990. Introduction to Biotechnology. CBS Publishers. India.
2. Bullock, J. and Uritiansen, B. 1995. Basic Biotechnology. Academic Press, UK.
3. Dubey, R. C. 1995. Introduction to Biotechnology. S. Chand and Co. Pvt. Ltd. India.
4. Jack, G. Chirikjian. 1995. Biotechnology: Theory and Techniques. Volume I . Jones and
Bartlett publisher, Boston, London, Singapore.
5. Natesh, S. 1993. Biotechnology in Agriculture. Oxford & IBM Pvt. Ltd. India.
6. Rao, N. S. S. 1996. Biofertilizer in Agriculture and Forestry. Oxford & IBM Pvt. Ltd. India.
7. Smith, J. E. 1988. Biotechnology. Edward Arnold Pub. NY, UK
Course No. BTC 123

Course Title: Agricultural Botany
Credits: 02
Introduction: Diversity of plants.

Plant anatomy: Definition, ultra structure of cell, meristemetic tissue- definition, types, structure,
characteristics, function of tissue, tissue system, differentiation of tissues, normal secondary growth
of stems and roots, primary structure of stem, root and leaf, root-stem transition, importance of
studying tissue and tissue system in Biotechnology.
Economic botany: Introduction and scope of economic botany, scientific name, local name, useful
parts and economic importance of medicinal, cereals, fibres, oils, fruits, rubber, beverage, sugar,
fodder, pulse, timber and narcotic yielding plants, cultivation and processing of tea and rubber
plants. Commercially important aquatic plants and sea weeds.
4
Plant diseases: Definition, causative agents, symptom, importance and control measures of viral,
bacterial and fungal diseases of rice, wheat, sugarcane, jute, pulses, potato, tomato and banana.
Course No. BTC 122

Course Title: Agricultural Botany Practical
Credit: 01
Practical works based on BTC 123.
Course No. BTC 125

Course Title: General Microbiology
Credits: 03
Introduction: Definition of microorganism and microbiology; Place of microorganisms in the

living world; A brief history of the development of microbiology – early observation of
microorganisms, debate over spontaneous generation, germ theory of disease, vaccination and
discovery of antibiotics; Modern developments in microbiology; Scope of microbiology.
Classification of microorganisms: Salient features of major types of microorganisms – bacteria,
archaebacteria, rickettsia, mycoplasma, actinomycetes, fungi, algae, protozoa, virus, viroids, prions;
Classification based on temperature, pH, oxygen, salinity, nutrients, and pressure.
Bacteria: Morphology; Structure - Capsule, flagella, pili, cell-wall, cytoplasmic membrane,
inclusion bodies, ribosome, pigments and endospore; Classification; Multiplication; Economic
importance.
Cultivation of microorganisms: Culture medium – simple, defined, complex, selective, differential
and enrichment media; Batch and continuous culture; Anaerobic culture methods; Culture
preservation and management.
Growth of microorganisms: Nutritional and physical requirements for growth; Growth equation;
growth curve; Measurement of growth.
Control of microbial growth: Sterilization- Principles of sterilization, methods of sterilization;
Effect of anti microbial agents.
Microbial ecology: Ecology and ecosystem; Biotic and abiotic factors; Microorganisms in soil, air
and water; Microbial interaction – neutralism, synergism, mutualism, commensalism, antagonism,
parasitism and predation.
Isolation and identification methods of microorganisms: Isolation of microorganisms;
Morphological, cultural, biochemical, serological and molecular techniques for identification of
microorganisms.
Books Recommended:
1. T.D. Brock et al. Biology of Microorganisms.

2. Atlas R M and Bartha R. Microbial Ecology- Fundamental and applications.
3. G.JTortora,Funke &Case. Microbiology: an introduction.
4 M.J Pelczar, E.C.S.Chan and N.R krieg. Microbiology.
5. Jawetz E. J. et al. Review of medical microbiology.
Course No. BTC 127

Course Title: Animal Science
Credits: 02
Type study of animals: General classification of animals; type study of the following with their
systematic position, habitat, distribution, external morphology, organ system, mode of life,
development and special reference to biotechnological significance: Helminths (Ascaris sp.)
Arthropoda (Macrobrachium rosenbergii,), Mollusca (Lamellidens sp.), Pisces (Labeo rohita ), aves
(Fowl) and Mammalia (Human).
Anatomy of higher Animal: Comparative anatomy of higher animals.
Economic study of animals: Study of livestock breeds, livestock farming, poultry, apiculture and
sericulture.
Major diseases of animals: Aetiology, predisposing factors, transmission, prevention and control
of major viral, bacterial, protozoan and parasitic diseases of animals.
Books Recommended:
5
1. Hairston, N. G. 1994. Vertibrate Zoology- An Experimental Field approach. CUP.
2. Jardan, E. I. and Verma, P. S. Invertibrate Zoology. S. Chand and Com. Ltd. New Dilhi.
3. Jardan, E. I. and Verma, P. S. Chordate Zoology. S. Chand and Com. Ltd. New Dilhi.
4. Parker, T. J. and Haswell, W. A. 1990. A Text Book of Zoology. Vol. I and II. Low Price
Publication India.
5. Storer, T. I. General Zoology. Tata – Megraw Hill Pub. Co. Ltd. India.
6. Young, J. 1981. Life of Vertebrate. OUP, USA.
7. Frost, S.W., Economic Zoology.
8. Srivastava , P.D. Economic Zoology.
9. Sukhla et.al. Economic Zoology.
10. Benerjii, Animal Husbandry, India.
11. Hafez, Animal Husbandry
12. Deb et.al., Higher Practical Zoology (in Bangali-Uccatar Bayboharic Pranibijnan).Mullick
Brothers, Dhaka.
13. Ghosh, Veterynary Anatomy, India.
Course No. BTC 124

Course Title: Animal Science Practical
Credit: 01
Practical works based on BTC 127.
Course No. BTC 129

Course Title: Biochemistry
Credits: 03
Introduction: Biochemistry, its definition and scopes, relation between biochemistry with
biology, medicine and agriculture, concept of life and living processes, the identifying
characteristics of a living matter.
Biomolecules:
i) Carbohydrates: Occurrence, nomenclature, biological importance, chemical
characteristics, and classification of carbohydrates. monosaccharides and disaccharides:
structure, properties, characteristic tests, amino sugars and glycosides. polysaccharides:
occurrence, compositions, structure and properties of starch, glycogen, cellulose, other
polysaccharides of biological interest, their chemical tests and biological importance,
analysis of carbohydrates.
ii). Lipids: Definition, classification and biological importance.
iii). Amino acids, peptides and proteins: Amino acids: definition, source, classification
and structure of naturally occurring amino acids and their physical, chemical and optical
properties, essential and non-essential amino acids, concept of residue, peptide bonds,
oligopeptide and polypeptide, identification of N-terminal and C-terminal residue of a
peptide, synthesis of peptides. Proteins: definition, classification and biological importance.
iv). Nucleic acid: General structure of nucleosides and nucleotides, chemistry of DNA, base
pair rule, double helical structure, chemistry of RNA, types and functions of RNA,
physiochemical properties, denaturation and renaturation of nucleic acids.
v) Vitamins and Hormones: Definition, classification, their functions and
importance in Biochemistry.
Books Recommended:
1. Lehninger, Albert, L., Nelson David, L., Cox, Michael, M., Principles of Biochemistry, 1st
Indian Edition, 1993. CBS Publisher’s and Distibutors.
2. Strayer, Lubert, 1988. Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, Q. H. Freeman and company, NewYork.
3. Murray, R. K., Granner, D. K., Mayes P. A. Rodwell, V. W. 1988. Harper’s Biochemistry.
22nd edition, Prentice Hall International.
4. Conn, E. E., Stumpt, P. K., 1994, Outlines of Biochemistry, 4th Edition, Wiley Eastem
Limited, new age International Limited.
5. A. C. Dev, Fundamentals of Biochemistry.
6
Course No. BTC 126
Course Title: Biochemistry Practical
Credit: 01
1. Estimation of ascorbic acid content of biological samples.
2. Determination of lactose content of milk.
3. Estimation of glucose from supplied sample.
4. Estimation of cholesterol from supplied sample.
5. Estimation of iodine number of fats and oil.
6. The estimation of iron content of Mohr’s salt by dichromate method.
7. Identification of amino acid by paper chromatography.
8. Estimation of calcium by titration with potassium permanganate.
9. Estimation of protein by Lowry method.
10. Determination of specific rotation of sucrose and estimation of sugar content of solutions
with the help of polarimeter
Course No. BTC 131

Course Title: Cytology
Credits: 02
Introduction: Historical background of cell, cell discovery and organelles. Definition and modern
concept of cell, protoplasm theory.
Cell types and structure: Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, differences between the two types of
cells. Typical structure of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cell and their functions.
Cellular organelles: Major cellular organelles, composition, structure and function. Cell wall
membrane, plasma membrane, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi bodies, mitochondria,
chloroplast, ribosome, lysosome, cytoskeletal structure.
Nucleus and chromosome: Structure of nucleus, morphology and chemistry of chromosome.
Special types of chromosome- polytene, lampbrush, sex, iso-chromosomes and diplochromosomes,
Karyotypes- Definition, characteristics, variation and significance.
Cell division: Types of cell division, steps of mitosis and meiosis, difference between the two
processes, Abnormalities in mitosis and meiosis, causes and significance. Chromosome replication
and cell separation (on aspect of cell signaling).
Physiology of cell: Energy, enzymes and metabolism, cellular respiration, cell secretion, cell
recreation.
Gametogenesis: Definition, Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis.
Books Recommended:
1. DeRobertis, E.D.P. and Derobertis.Jr.E.M.F.(1989).Cell and Molecular Biology. 8th Edition,
Info. Med. Ltd. Hong Kong.
2. Smith and Wood (1996).Cell Biology 2nd edition. Chapman and Hall Co. Ltd. UK.
Course No. BTC 128

Course Title: Cytology Practical
Credit: 01
Laboratory works based on BTC 131.
Course No. BTC 133

Course title: Plant Physiology
Credits: 03
Contact Hours: 03 hours/Week
Plant life related physico-chemical phenomenon: Inhibition, diffusion, osmosis, osmotic
pressure, plasmolysis, colloid state and root pressure.
Water Relation : Mechanism of absorption of water, active and passive absorption, external factors
affecting absorption, conduction and translocation.
Loss of Water: Transpiration, type, significance, mechanism of opening and closing of stomata,
factors affecting transpiration.
7
Essential Elements: Source, general function of micro and macro elements in plant growth and
development, deficiency symptom.
Mineral Nutrition: Mechanism of mineral salt absorption and translocation.
Photosynthesis: General account and modern concept, pigments in prokaryotes and eucaryotes,
light and chemical reactions, photo-phosphorilation, factors affecting photosynthesis, pathways of
carbon-di-oxide reduction in C3, C4 and CAM plants, source and sink relationship, significance.
Respiration: Respiration of plant and microbes, types, respiratory substances, different pathways,
fermentation, efficiency of respiration, production of high energy compound and ATP,
photorespioration.
Growth: Definition, basic concepts of growth and development, measurement, vegetative and
reproductive growth, phages of growth, factors affecting growth and development, principle and
problem of cell differentiation and morphogenesis in plants, senescence, type and causes of
senescence.
Growth Regulating Chemicals (Hormones): Definition, occurrence, classification, nature and
effect of growth regulating chemicals on plant growth and development with special emphesis on
auxin, gibbrellin, cytokinin/ kinin, abscisic acid, ethylene and plant growth reterdants.
Physiology of Flowering: Mechanism of flowering, florigen and its role in flowering, light image
and flowering, photoperiodism, vernalization.
Seed: Viability, causes of losses of seed viability, germination of seeds, causes and artificial
breaking of dormancy.
Light and Plant Life: Light sensing by plants, photomorphogenesis, phytochrome and blue light
photoreceptors, effect of UV light on biological system, significance of biological clocks.
Transport Phenomenon in Plants: Characteristics of transport in xylem and phloem, mechanism
of phloem transport.
Books Recommended:
1. Datta, S. C. 1994. Plant Physiology. Wiley Eastern Ltd. New Dilhi.

2. Devlin, M. R. and Witham, H. F. 1986. Plant Physiology. CBS Publishers and Distributors,
New Delhi.
3. Hess, D. 1975. Plant Psysiology. Springer International Student Edition.
4. Pandey, S. N. and Sinha, B. K. 1990. Plant Physiology. Vikash Pub. House Pvt. Ltd.
Course No. BTC 130

Course title: Plant Physiology Practical
Credit: 01
Course No. BTC 135

Course title: Genetics
Credits: 03
Introduction: Historical background of genetics. Modern concept of genetics, Scope and branches,
application and importance of genetics in human society, criteria of genetic material transformation
experiment. Some important terms of genetics.
Heredity, Environment and the Continuity of Life: Heredity, variation and environmental
interaction.
Mendelian Genetics: Experiment of Mendel work. Mendel’s law of segregation and independent
assortment.
Exception of Mendelism: Modification of Mendelian ratios.
Multiple Factor Inheritance: Multiple allelism and pseudo allele, pleotropism and cytoplasmic
inheritance.
Linkage and Crossing Over: Linkage, Crossing over, different kinds of linkage and crossing over
and their significance, linkage groups. Factor affecting the strength of linkage, chromosome map.
Sex Determination: Concepts, mechanism of sex determination in plants, animals and its
implications.
Chromosomal Aberrations: Types of structural and numerical changes of chromosome and
mechanisms. Genetical consequences of changing chromosome structure and number.
Mutation: Definition, kinds of mutations, mutation rate, Significance of mutation.
Eugenics and Euphenics: Eugenics and euthenics, basis of eugenics, need for eugenics, eugenics
and human betterments, euphenics.
8
Books Recommended:
1. Harlt ,D.L. and E.W.Jones (1998).Genetics :Principles and Analysis .Jones and Bartlett.
2. Sinnot ,E.W. , L.C.Dunn and Dobzhansky. Principles of Genetic .McGraw Hill Co. New
York.
3. Cumming , M.R. (1997).Concept of Genetics . Prentice-Hall.
4. Weaver , R.F. and P.W.Hedric(1995).Basic Genetics .Wim. C. brown Publisher .Dubuque ,
Lowa.
5. Islam ,A.S. Fundamental of Genetics .Vikash Publishing house Pvt. Ltd.
Course No. BTC 221

Course Title: Animal Physiology
Credits: 03
Introduction: Definition, branches of physiology.

Homeostasis: Definition, homeostasis mechanism, role of various systems of body in homeostasis
mechanism, homeostatic imbalances.
Nutrition and Digestion: Definition, Food and their compositions, balance diet, ingestion of food,
digestion of carbohydrate, protein and lipids with special reference to man, absorption and egestion.
Circulation: Definition, blood components & function, origin of blood, blood group & Rh factor,
blood coagulation, haemoglobin, blood pressure. Anatomical position of heart, heart beat, cardiac
cycle, physiology of blood circulation, lymph and its function, ECG, etc.
Respiration: Definition & phases of respiration, mechanism & control of respiration, transport of
oxygen & carbon dioxide. Excretion:
Definition, morphology & function of human kidney, mechanism / physiology of excretion, urine
composition & formation, role of the kidney in the regulation of water, salt & acid-base balance,
osmo-regulation.
Reproduction: Physiology of reproduction, role of hormones in reproduction.
Muscle contraction / Movement: Classification, structure & function of muscle cells, mechanism
of muscle contraction
Co-ordination: Nervous system, Neurons, mechanism of conduction of nerve impulse along axons,
neurotransmitter substances, reflex action.
Sensory organs: Structure & function of sensory organs, concern with vision, sound perception,
taste, and smell & touch receptors.
Books Recommended:
1 Ganong, W. F., Review of Medical Physiology.
2. Guyton, A. C. and Hall, J.E., Textbook of Medical Physiology
3. Gottschalk, Gerhard, Bacterial Metabolism.
4. Datta, S. C., Animal Physiology.
5. Malik, C.P.,Animal Physiology.
Course No. BTC 222

Course title: Animal Physiology Practical
Credit: 01
Course No. BTC 223

Course title: Molecular Biology
Credits: 03
Introduction: Chemistry of nucleic acids, structure, physico-chemical properties, molecular weight

determination of nucleic acids, structure and physico-chemical properties of DNA and RNA,
hybridisation kinetics, homoduplex, different configuration of cruciform structure.
Central dogma of Molecular Biology-
9
DNA Replication: Mode of replication, types of replication, DNA synthesis, mechanism and
control of DNA replication, inhibitors of replication, DNA polymerase and other replication
proteins, RNA viruses, replication of RNA genome.
Transcription: RNA polymerase, promoter, enhancers and terminators, mechanism of
transcription, reverse transcriptase, regulation of transcription, operon model and RNA spicing,
genetic codes, its characteristics, specificity, Redundancy and Wobble hypothesis, gene and protein
structure.
Translation: Ribosome structure, initiation, elongation and termination of protein synthesis,
compare of protein synthesis in eukaryotes and prokaryotes, inhibitors of protein synthesis, post-
translational modification.
Molecular Mutation: Molecular basis of mutation, in vitro mutagenesis, and site directed
mutagenesis, transposable elements, repair mechanism in mutation and side directed mutation.
Regulation of Gene Expression: Gene from different kinds of RNA, RNA polymerase, positive
and negative control of gene expression, gene expression of somatic cell hybrids.
Molecular Biology of Organelle: Genomes of the mitochondria and plasmid, interaction with
nucleus, duel control of its synthesis.
Dynamic Genome: The dynamic genome, mobile genetic elements in eukaryotes – relevant to
plants, studies in maize.
Books Recommended:
1. Adams, R.L.P., Burden, R.H., Camphel, L.D.P., Smelline,R.M.S.(1981). The Biochemistry
of the Nucleic acids. 9th edition, Campbell and Hall.
2. De Robertis, E.D.P. and De robertis Jr. E.M.E.(1988). Cell and Molecular Biology.8th
edition ,Info-Med.
3. Lehninger, Albert, L., Nelson David, L., Cox, Michael, M., Principles of Biochemistry, 1 st
7. A. C. Dev, Fundamentals of Biochemistry.
Course No. BTC 225

Course Title: Microorganisms of Biotechnological Importance
Credits: 03
Detailed study about biotechnologically important microorganisms (Characteristics, cultural

properties, biochemical properties, virulence factors and biotechnological importance)
 Bacteria: Escherichia, Rhizobium, Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Lactobacillus,
Vibrio, Salmonella, Shigella, Streptococcus, Cyanobacteria
 Fungi: Yeast (Sacchromyces, candida)
Mold (Penicillium, Aspergillus)
 Virus: Lambda phage virus, M13
 Extremophiles (Archaeobacteria): Thermus aquaticus, Sulfolobus
Books Recommended:
1. T.D. Brock et al. Biology of Microorganisms.

2. Atlas R M and Bartha R. Microbial Ecology- Fundamental and applications.
3. G.JTortora,Funke &Case. Microbiology: an introduction.
5 M.J Pelczar, E.C.S.Chan and N.R krieg. Microbiology.
6. Jawetz E. J. et al. Review of medical microbiology.
Course No. BTC 224

Course Title: Microbiology Practical
Credit: 01
Laboratory works based on BTC 125 and BTC 225.
10
Course No. BTC 227
Course Title: Enzymology
Credits: 03
Introduction: Brief history, enzymes as biological catalysts, classification, nomenclature, enzyme

assay, specific activity, enzyme activity units.
Factors affecting the rate of enzymatic reactions: substrate concentration, enzyme concentration,
pH, temperature, coenzyme and cofactor.
Enzyme kinetics: Monosubstrate reactions, Michaelis-Menten equation and its linear
transformations, Km, Vmax: definition, determination and significance. Double reciprocal plot or
Lineweaver-Burk equation, kinetics of enzymatic reactions having two or more substrates.
Enzyme inhibition: Reversible inhibition, competitive, non-competitive and uncompetitive
inhibition. Irreversible inhibition, specific examples.
Specificity of enzymes: absolute specificity, broad specificity, intermediate specificity, and
stereospecificity.
Enzyme regulation: allosteric enzymes, cooperativity special characteristics, Monod and Koshland
models, covalent modification of enzymes, specific examples (ATPase, phosphorylase, and
dehydrogenase.
Enzyme Technology: Application of enzymes in biotechnology; immobilized enzymes, methods of
immobilization and their applications; utilization of enzymes in industry, enzymes as analytical
reagents, biosensor.
Books Recommended:
1. Dixon, M. & E. C. Webb. 1979. Enzymes, 3rd edition.
2. Lehninger, J. Principles of Biochemistry.
3. Rehm, H. J. & G. Reed,.Biotechnology, Vol. 7a. Enzyme Technology- Enzyme Structure
and Mechanism, 2nd edition-Fresht. VCH Germany.
4. Segal, I. H. Enzyme kinetics.
5. Walsh, C. 1979. Enzymatic Reaction Mechanism.
Course No. BTC 229

Course Title: Biofertilizer and Biofuel
Credits: 03
Introduction: Soil fertility, sources of nitrogen, N2 –cycle, forms of soil nitrogen, amount of
nitrogen-fixed, factors affecting nitrogen fixation.
Nitrogen Fixation: Methods, discharge of electricity, activity of symbionts, activity of free fixers,
manufacture of synthetic nitrogen, Interactions of O2 with N2 –fixation, supplies of electrons, energy
requirement for N2 –fixation, Mechanism of penetration and nodule formation in roots by
Rhizobium, factors affecting nodule formation, function of the nodule. Measurement of N2 –
fixation, assimilation of fixed nitrogen. Nature and mode of action and mechanism of nitrogen
fixation.
The Nif genes: Nif+ and Nif -, genetics of Nif in Klebsiella pneumoniae, structure and regulation of
Nif genes in K. pneumoniae, Rhizobium and Anabaena.
Production of Biofertilizer: Physiology and function of Rhizobium, Azobacter, Azospirillium,
Frankia and Mycorrhizae. Inoculum production and inoculation techniques for production of
biofertilizer, crop response to biofertilizer producing microorganisms, mass production of
biofertilizer, quality control, agronomic importance.
Blue Green Algae (BGA): Nitrogen transformations in a low land rice ecosystem, heteroysts-
modes of nitrogen fixation in BGA, isolation of BGA, agroclimatic variations, algalization-mass
cultivation, manipulation of BGA in the rice field and effect of inoculation on the yield of rice.
Azolla: Azolla, green manure, algae and soil reclamation, organic matter composting and phosphate
solubilizing microorganisms.
Biomass as Fuel Energy: Methods of biomass for energy, different types of fuels, biomass fuel
fields, Hydrolysis, municipal solid waste.
Biomass Conversion: Non-biological process and biological process.
11
Gaseous Fuel: Biogas and Hydrogen, Procedure for biogas making and its utility, production of
Hydrogen from biomass.
Book Recommended:
1. Gray Stacey, Robert H. Burris and Harold J. Evans (1997). Biological Nitrogen Fixation.
CBS Publishers & Distributors, New Delhi, India.
2. Postagate J. R. (1982). The Fundamentals of Nitrogen Fixation. Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge CB 21RP.
3. Rao, N. S. S. 1996. Biofertilizer in Agriculture and Forestry. Oxford & IBM Pvt. Ltd. India.
4. Carl. W. Hall, (1981).Biomass as an Alternative Fuel. Govt. Institutes, Inc. USA.
5. Klass, Donald E., Emert, George 11, 1981.Fuels from Biomass and Waste. Ann Arbor
Science Pub. Ins. USA.
6. Mital, K. M. 1996.Biomass System-Principles and applications. New Age international (P)
Ltd. India.
7. Dubey, R. C. 2004. A text Book of Biotechnology. S. Chand & Co. Ltd. New Delhi-110055
Course No. BTC 226

Course Title: Biofertilizer Biofuel Practical
Credit: 01
1. Isolation, characterization and identification of the following microorganisms: Rhizobium,

Azobacter, Azospirillium, Frankia, Mycorrhizae and BGA.
2. Nodulation experiment.
3. Study on algalization technique.
4. Study on Azolla.
5. Organic matter composting process.
Course No. BTC 231

Course Title: Metabolism-I
Credits: 02
Introduction: General aspects of metabolism and experimental approaches to the study of

metabolism, metabolic and energy transfer pathways, basic concept of the control of metabolism.
Carbohydrate Metabolism:
i) Glycolysis (the glycolysis pathway, aerobic and anaerobic fate, regulation of
glycolytic pathway, physiological importance of aerobic and anaerobic
glycolysis).
ii) Tricarboxylic acid cycle and its regulation.
iii) Pentose phosphate pathway, glyoxalate pathway and their regulation.
iv) Glycogen metabolism: Glycogenolysis, glycogenesis, and control of glycogen
metabolism.
v) Biosynthesis of carbohydrate: Gluco-neogenesis, and its regulation, biosynthesis
of dioligo and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, proteoglycan, sugar
interconversions.
Lipid Metabolism: Degradation of triglycerides and phospholipids, oxidation of fatty acids,
propionate metabolism, ketone bodies (formation and utilization), utilization of fatty acids for
energy production, oxidation and functional role of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Protein Metabolism: Outline of metabolism of amino acids decarboxylation, oxidative
deamination, transamination, urea cycle and toxicity of ammonia.
Biosynthetic Path Ways: One carbon metabolism or biosynthesis of fatty acids (saturated and
unsaturated), cholesterol, B-carotene, triglycerides, steroid hormones, prostaglandins, prostacycline,
thromboxane, phospholipids.
Books Recommended:
1. Lehninger, Albert, L., Nelson David, L., Cox, Michael, M., Principles of Biochemistry,
1st Indian Edition, 1993. CBS Publisher’s and Distibutors.
2. Strayer, Lubert, 1988. Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, Q. H. Freeman and company,
NewYork.
3. Murray, R. K., Granner, D. K., Mayes P. A. Rodwell, V. W. 1988. Harper’s
Biochemistry. 22nd edition, Prentice Hall International.
12
5. A.C. Dev. Fundamentals of Biochemistry.
Course No. BTC 233

Course Title: Metabolism -II
Credits: 02
Metabolism: Basic concept and design of metabolism control of carbohydrate metabolism.

Amino acid metabolism: Glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids, oxidative degradation of
amino acids to specialized products, amino acid biosynthesis, regulation of amino acid
metabolism, metabolism of folic acid, glutathione, methylmalonate, clinical correlations:
phenylketonuria, alkaptonuria, folic acid deficiency.
Nucleotide metabolism: Overview metabolic functions of nucleotide, synthesis of purine and
pyrimidine nucleotides, formation of deoxyribonucleotides, regulation of nucleotides
biosynthesis. nucleotide degradation, biosynthesis of nucleotide coenzyme, nucleotide
metabolizing enzymes as a function of cell cycle and rate of cell division, antimetabolites of
purine and pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, orotic aciduria.
Metabolism of porphyrins, Heme, and bile pigments.
Mineral metabolism: Ca, Fe, Cu, Mg, I, Mn, Zn and metal toxicities (Hg, Pb,
As, Cd).
Books Recommended:
4. Conn, E. E., Stumpt, P. K., 1994, Outlines of Biochemistry, 4 th Edition, Wiley Eastem
5. A.C. Dev, Fundamentals of Biochemistry.
Course No. BTC 235

Course Title: Plant Breeding
Credits: 03
Introduction: Definition of plant breeding, nature, history, objectives, significance & problems
of plant breeding, the basis of crop improvement, some important achievements and future
prospects of plant breeding, national& international institutes engaged in crop improvement and
their nature of work. Centre of origin of crop plants, important of this concept in plant
breeding, domestication of crops and changes under domestication.
Reproduction Biology & Plant Breeding: Relevance of mode of reproduction to plant
breeding, modes & methods of reproduction, modes of pollination, antithesis, pollination
mechanism in relation to crop improvement and genetic significance of pollination
control/method. Self-incompatibility & male sterility and their significance in plant breeding.
Embryology: Definition, study of microsporogenesis and microgametogenesis ,
megasporogenesis and megagametogenesis, fertilization, and development of embryo.
Qualitative and Quantitative characteristics and their Inheritance Pattern: Poligenic
inheritance and continuous variation, multiple factor hypothesis, pleotrophy, penetrance and
expressively, concept of yield and yield contributing characters of some important crops.
General methods of crop improvement: Plant introduction and acclimatization, selection –
pure line, mass, pedigree, recurrent, single seed descent & colonel selection, hybridization,
ploidy, mutation breeding and merits & demerits.
Hybridization: Definition, objective, types, prerequisites, advantage & disadvantages of
hybridization, Techniques of artificial hybridization –bulk, selfing & crossing techniques,
Techniques in field trials.
Heterosis Breeding: Types, estimation, history, theories of heterosis, heterosis in self and
cross-pollinated crops and its application, genetical basis of heterosis.
Methods of breeding: Self-pollinated [rice, wheat], Cross pollinated [maize] and Asexually
propagated crops e.g. potato, sugarcane. Breeding of high yielding varieties [HYV].
13
Inbreeding depression: Hybrid vigor and inbreeding depression, genetical basis of inbreeding
depression, degree of inbreeding depression, out breeding, crossbreeding, practical application
of inbreeding.
Mutation breeding: Artificial mutations in plants, use of induced techniques in crop
improvement, limitation of mutation breeding.
Back-cross breeding: Method, merits & limitations of back-cross breeding for conferring
resistance.
Plant genetic resources (PGR): Definition & classification, biodiversity & genetic diversity &
its significance, genetic erosion, causes of genetic erosion, possible dangers from genetic
erosion.
Books Recommended:
1. Allard, R. W. 1999. Principles of Plant Breeding. John Willey & Sons. New York.
2. Chopra, V. l. 1989. Plant Breeding. Oxford and IBH publishing Com. Ltd. New Dilhi.
3. Dana, S. 2001. Plant Breeding. Naya Udyog. Calcatta.
4. Singh. B. D. 1995. Plant Breeding – Principles and Methods. Kalyani Publishers. New Dilhi
Course No. BTC 228

Course Title: Plant Breeding Practical
Credit: 01
Course No. BTC 237

Course Title: Animal Reproduction and Breeding
Credits: 03
Animal reproduction: Definition, types, factors responsible for reproduction, fundamental

characteristics, sexual behaviour in male and female patterns, female and male reproduction system
of farm animals, sources and function of hormone in reproduction. Fertilization, cleavage,
gastrulaion, placentation. germinal layer, extra embryonic membrane, oestrous cycle, menopause,
hormonal regulation of menstrual cycle and pregnancy, parturition and birth control.
Animal Breeding: Concepts, development and applications of animal breeding, breeds and breed
structure, design of breeding, hybrids of cattle, sheep, goat, and poultry. Principles of animal
breeding-selection, methods of selection, variation, traits for selection, breeding efficiency breeding
plans for cattle in developing countries. System of breeding-inbreeding, out breeding, top crossing,
grading, cross breeding, criss-crossing, triple crossing system. Artificial insemination: advantages
of A. I, collection, examination and evaluation of semen, insemination techniques, factors
influencing cattle fertility. Cryopreservation- application of cryopreservation methods in cattle.
Artificial control of oestrous, ovulation and pregnancy diagnosis of cattle. Gestation- developmental
stages of ovum, embryo and foetus, changes in uterus and its contents and mammary gland during
pregnancy. Animal products from advanced animal breeding methods.
Books Recommended:
1. Balinsky, B.I. 1981. An Introduction to Embryology, 5th ed. W. B. Sunders Co. West
Washington Square, Philadelphia.
2. Bodemer, C.W.1968.Modern Embryology, Holt, Reinhart Winston Inc. NY.
Chicago.
3. Enerjee, G.C.1987.A text Book of Animal Husbandry, 6th ed. Oxford and IBH Pub.
Co. NY. Delhi, Calcutta & Mumbai.
4. Dalton, D. C. 1987. An Introduction to Practical Animal Breeding. English
Language Book Society Collins.
5. Gordon, I.(1983). Controlled Breeding in Farm Animals. Paragon Press, Oxford, NY
& Sydney.
6. Hafez, E.S.E. (1987).Reproduction in Farm Animals, 5th ed. Lea & Febigar,
Philadelphia.
Course No. BTC 230

Course Title: Animal Reproduction and Breeding Practical & Field Work
Credit: 01
14
Course No. BTC 239

Course Title: Environmental Biology and Bioremediation
Credits: 02
Ecology and ecosystem: Fundamentals of ecology, the nature of ecosystem, soil, ocean and
freshwater ecosystem, the flow of energy in ecosystem.
Biogeochemical cycles: The water cycle, carbon cycle, nitrogen cycle, sulphur cycle, other
biogeochemical cycles.
Biodeterioration: Basic concepts and factors, biodeterioration of leather, wool, fur, feather, stones,
plastics and rubber, control of biodeterioration- physical, chemical and biological methods.
Xenobiotics in the environment: Persistence and biomagnification, recalcitrant industrial wastes,
structure-recalcitrance relationship, factors affecting microorganisms to degrade xenobiotics.
Biodegradation and metabolism: Biodegradation and metabolism of pesticides, phenols, organic
dyes, synthetic organic chemicals, petrochemicals.
Approaches to bioremediation: Environmental modification for bioremediation, microbial seeding
and bioengineering approaches, DNA and RNA based methods
Books Recommended:
1. Atlas RM and Bartha R. Microbial Ecology.
2. Klung and Reddy. Current prospects in microbial ecology.
3. R.Mitchell. Introduction to environmental Microbiology.
4. Glazer AN & Nikaido H. Microbial Biotechnology.
5. Wiley GB. Waste Water Microbiology, 2nd edition.
6. Wise DL. Biotreatment systems: vol.2.
7. Pickup RW and Saunders IJR. Molecular approaches to Environmental Microbiology.
8. I. Foin. Ecological systems and the environment.
9. J.M. Lynch and Poole. Microbial ecology- A conceptual approach.
Course No. BTC 241

Course Title: Fermentation Technology
Credits: 03
Introduction: Definition, scope, importance of fermentation technology, major areas of

fermentation technology.
Media Formulation and Sterilization Process: Media composition, types, factors influencing
media formulation, mechanism of sterilization, of media, killing kinetics, determination of lethal
effect and lethal units.
Inocula Preparation and Development: Criteria used for inocula preparation, different processes
of preparation, bacterial and fungal inocula preparation and development.
Fermentation kinetics: rate equation for cell growth, substrate utilization, products formulation,
Classification of Fermentation Process: Batch, fed-batch and continuous fermentation process,
advantages and disadvantages of these process.
Recovery and Purification of fermentation Products: Methods of recovery and purification.
Types and Configuration of Fementers: Different fermentation design, types of fermenters,
factors influencing fermenter design.
Instrumentation and Control: Control system, types of control, air flow monitoring, measurement
of power input and temperature, foam and pH control.
Books Recommended:
1. Fermentation: a practical approach-B. MacNeil & Harvey, IRL Press, Oxford
2. Principle of Fermentation Technology-P.F. Stanbury & Whitaker.
Course No. BTC 232
15
Course Title: Fermentation Technology Practical
Credit: 01
Course No. BTC 243

Course Title: Bioenergetics
Credits: 02
Bioenergetics: High energy compounds, the ATP cycle, structure, occurrence and properties of
ATP, ADP and AMP, ATP transfer of phosphate group, ATP as the source of energy, the role of
ATP and pyrophosphate, and other high energy compounds.
ATP synthesis: Coupling with respiratory electron flow, the chemiosmotic model, mitochondrial
oxidation of cytosolic NADH, energetics of electron transport, uncoupling and inhibition of electron
transport regulation of oxidative phosphorylation.
Oxidative phosphorylation and dephosphorylation.
Biological oxidation and reduction reaction.
Mitochondria: Structure, enzyme localization, mitochondrial electron flow, electron carriers,
uncouples and inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation.
Structure and function of chlorophyll, photosynthesis (Calvin cycle, dark and light reaction,
photophosphorylation and electron transport chain).
Books Recommended:
2. Strayer, Lubert, 1988. Biochemistry, 3rd Edition, Q. H. Freeman and company,
NewYork.
Course No. BTC 211

Course Title: Biostatistics
Credits: 03
Introduction: Definition, uses of statistics in biological science, variables, classification,

construction of frequency distribution, graphical representation of data. Central tendency, measures
of central tendency, quantiles, dispersion, measures of dispersion, moments, skewness and kurtosis.
Probability: Elementary theory of probability, laws of probability, additive and multiplicative laws
of probability and Bay’s theorem. Random variables, probability distribution, derivation, properties
and uses of binomial, poisson and normal distribution to observed data.
Techniques of Sampling: The concept of statistical population and parameters. Samples and
random sample, statistical characterization of samples. Definition and use of standardized normal
variate.
Correlation and Regression: Definition, correlation coefficient, product moment correlation
coefficient to measure the relationship between variables in a bi-variate distribution. Fitting simple
linear regression to observed data by the method of least squares.
Hypothesis: Test of Hypothesis, type I and type II errors and level of significance, preliminary idea
on t-test, F-test, Chi square test and their application.
Principles of experimental design: Field layout and analysis of variance in completely randomized
design, randomized block design and Latin square design. Analysis of covariance in a completely
randomized design.
Concepts of Bioinformatics: History of bioinformatics, expression profiling, transcriptome, DNA
arrays, gene fuction determination, protein interactions.
Sequences and Nomenclature: DAN sequences, amino acid sequences of protein, types of
sequences in nucleotide sequences database.
16
Database and Search Tools: Database, database and analysis tools.
Analysis Using Bioinformatics tools: Detection of genes, identification of fuction of new genes,
identification of function domains, detection of non coding RNA, genome annotation molecular
plylogameties.
Books Recommended:
1. Mostak, M. G., Methods of Statistics.
2. Steel, R. D. G. and Torry, J. H., Principles and procedures of Statistics.
3. Hogg, R and Gaig, A., Introduction to Mathematical Statistics.
Course No. BTC 321

Course Title: Plant Tissue Culture
Credits: 03
Introduction: History, concept, totipotency, importance, prospects, possibilities and limitations of

plant cell and tissue culture.
Laboratory Organization: Laboratory design, aseptic techniques, nutrition of plant cell, media
components, composition & preparation, media selection, solidification and maintenance of media.
Explant: Selection, collection and preparation of explants.
Plant Tissue Culture Methods: Callus and suspension culture, batch and continuous culture.
Callus induction and maintenance. Transfer of cultures and subcultures. Storage of cultured cells.
Initiation and establishment of embryogenic suspention cultures.
Growth of Cell and Tissue: Condition of cell growth, growth process, factors affecting cultured
cell growth, growth measurement method, chemical, biochemical and biological trouble shooting
during the tissue culture.
Plant Regeneration: Tissue differentiation, cytodifferantation, organogenesis, somatic
embryogenesis.
Micropropagation: Direct and indirect methods of micropropagation in different groups of plants.
Clonal propagation of elite germplasm, shy rooters, recalcitrant and endangered species,
micrografting, endogenous hormones.
Production of disease free plant through tissue culture: Virus and pathogen elimination,
eradication, production of disease resistant and stress tolerant strain through tissue culture,
limitations.
Industrial Application of Plant Tissue Culture: Secondary plant products (metabolites) and their
application, techniques of selecting cell line for high production of secondary metabolites, mass
culture, scaling-up, immobilization, purification of the cultured products, limiting factors.
In vitro Germplasm Conservation: Material, methods and factors affecting germplasm
conservation, maintenance of freeze culture, revival of frozen cell, future prospect.
Books Recommended:
1. Bhojwani, S. S. 1990. Plant Tissue Culture. Elsivier, Oxpord, NY.
2. Dixon, R. A. 1985. Plant Cell Culture. IRL Press, Washington DC.
3. Dixon, R. A. 1985. Plant Cell Culture: A Practical Approach. IRL Press, Washington DC.
4. Ramawat, K. G. 2003. Plant Biotechnology. S. Chand and Company Ltd. New Delhi.
5. Razdan, M. K. 1994. An Introduction to Plant Tissue Culture. Tata McGraw-Hill pub., New
Delhi.
Course No. BTC 322

Course Title: Plant Tissue Culture Practical
Credit: 01
Course No. BTC 323

Course Title: Aquaculture and Fish Breeding
Credits: 03
Introduction: Definition and scope of aquaculture. Brief description of different aquaculture

system and management practices.
17
Fresh Water Aquaculture: Culture of carp, catfish, pearl, prawn etc.
Integrated Fish Culture: Paddy-cum fish culture, poultry / duck-cum fish culture etc.
Ornamental Fish Culture: Important indigenous and exotic aquarium fish species and their culture
method, breeding of aquarium fish and scope of improvement.
Mariculture: Culture of shrimp, oyster, crab etc.
Breeding of Fish and Shrimp: Breeding of fish and shrimps in natural water-bodies, artificial fish
and shrimp breeding techniques.
Sex-determination: Sex reversal and sex determination, hybridisation and sex determination,
gynogenesis and sex determination.
Selective Breeding and Genetic Improvement of Fish: Selective breeding for qualitative and
quantitative traits. Suitable model of selective breeding for major and minor carp.
Inbreeding Problem: Effects of inbreeding in aquaculture. Breeding plans to avoid inbreeding
depression.
Hybridisation of fish: Planning cross breeding programs, examples of hybridisation in fish of
Bangladesh, effects of unplanned hybridisation.
Diseases of Aquatic Animals: Major viral, bacterial, fungal, protozoan and parasitic diseases of
fish and shellfish and their control method.
Books Recommended:
1. Al- Hajj. A. B. and Farmer, A. S. D. 1984. Shrimp Hatchery Manual. Safut. Kuit Institute
for scientific Research.
2. Bardach, E. J., Ryther, J. H. and McLarney, W. O. , Aquaculture. USA.
3. Doyle et al. (Editors). 1996. Genetics in Aquaculture –V. Elsiver Science Publishers.
4. Gall et al. (Editors). 1993. Genetics in Aquaculture –IV. Elsiver Science Publishers.
5. Hussain, M. G. and Mozid., M. A. 2000. Breeding Plans, Stock Improvement and
Conservation of Carp Genetic Resources in Bangladesh. ICLARM, Dhaka.
6. Purdom, C. E. 1992. Genetics and Fish Breeding. Chapman and Hall. London, NY, Tokyo,
Melborne, Mardas.
7. Fast, A. W. and Lester, L. J. 1992. Marine Shrimp Culture: Principles and Practices.
8. Tave, D. 1993. Genetics for Fish Hatchery Managers. Second Edition. Van Nostrand
Reinhold Publisher, New York.
9. Tave, D. 1995. Selective Breeding Programs for Medium Size Fish Farms. FAO Fisheries
Technical Paper.
Course No. BTC 324

Course Title: Aquaculture and Fish Breeding Practical
Credit: 01
Course No. BTC 325

Course Title: Molecular Techniques
Credits: 03
Centrifugation techniques: principle of sedimentation, centrifuges and their use, density gradient
centrifugation and ultracentrifuge.
Chromatographic techniques: principle of chromatography; column, thin-layer and paper
chromatography; adsorption, gas liquid, ion-exchange, exclusion, affinity and high performance
liquid chromatography.
Electrophoretic techniques: principle; factors affecting electrophoresis; gel electrophoresis,
determination of restriction fragments by agarose gel electrophoresis. SDS-PAGE; isoelectric
focusing; isotechnophoresis and preperative electrophoresis.
Radioisotope techniques: nature, detection and measurement of radioactivity; application of
radioisotopes in the biological sciences; safety aspects of the use of radioisotopes.
Molecular methods for structure determination: Ultraviolet (UV), Infra-red (IR), Nuclear
magnetic resonance (NMR), Electron spin resonance (ESR) and mass spectroscopy.
DNA and RNA isolation and purification: DNA and RNA isolation and purification,
quantification of nucleic acid by spectrophotometry, fractionation of genomic DNA, plasmid DNA,
mRNA, tRNA and rRNA.
18
Southern, Northern and Western Blotting: Southern, Northern and Western blot hybridization,
restriction endonuclease digestion of plasmid DNA.
PCR: Basic principles, methods and applications of PCR, RT-PCR.
Sequencing: Different methods of DNA sequencing.
Books Recommended:
1. Comprehensive Biotechnology, vol. 2: Murray Moo-Young.
2. A Biologist’s Guide to Principles and techniques of practical biochemistry, 3 rd edition: K.
Wilson & K. H. Goulding.
3. Basic biochemical methods, 2nd edition: R. R. Alexander & J. M. Griffiths.
4. An introduction to Practical Biochemistry, 2nd edition: D. T. Plummer.
5. Practical Skills in Biomolecular Sciences: Rob Reed, David Holmes, Jonathan.
6. Spectroscopic Methods in Organic Chemistry: Williums and Flemming, 1980.
7. Techniques in Molecular Biology: Walker, 1987.
Short Protocols in Molecular Biology: Ausubel, 1995.
Course No. BTC 327

Course Title: Pharmacology and Pharmacognosy
Credits: 03
Introduction: Definition, scope of pharmacognosy and pharmacology, drugs nomenclature, genetic

and branded drugs, source and nature of drugs, and properties of ideal drugs, drug toxicities, drug
interaction.
Important drug compounds from plants: Biosynthesis and application of glycosides, alkaloids,
volatile oils, phenolic compounds and tannins, resins etc obtained from plants.
Crude drugs: Origin, collection, preparation and storage of crude drugs, drug adulteration.
Modes and mechanism of drug action: Basic concepts of drug action, physico-chemical nature of
drugs, receptor and non-receptor mechanism of drug action, relation between drug concentration
and response.
Drugs used in pain and fever: Concepts and causes of pain and fever, concepts of inflammation,
drugs used in pain and fever.
Gastric antacids: General consideration, chemistry of absorption, action and effects of gastric
antacids.
Histamine and anti-histamines: Mode of action of histamine, anaphylactic shock, histamine
releasing drugs, allergic disorder, classification, pharmacological action and therapeutics and
adverse reaction of anti-histamines.
Drugs used in tropical diseases: Classification, chemistry, mode of action, adverse effects, and
drugs used in tropical diseases.
Cardio-vascular drugs: Cardio-vascular disorders, classification, chemistry, mode of action and
adverse effects of drugs used in cardio-vascular disorders.
Antidiabetic drugs: Classification of diabetes, chemistry and mode of action of antidiabetic drugs.
Course No. BTC 329

Course Title: Microbial Genetics
Credits: 02
Introduction: The evolution of microbial genetics, early concepts of bacterial variation; adaptation,
mutation and selection; dominance and recessiveness of characters, difference with eucaryotic
genetics.
Regulation of Bacterial Gene Expression: General aspects of prokaryotic gene regulation;
regulation of the metabolism of lactose-the LAC operon; catabolite repression; regulation of the
biosynthesis of tryptophan-the TRP operon; two-component regulatory system.
Genetics of bacteria: Bacterial conjugation, transformation, transduction, chromosomal transfer;
interrupted mating experiments.
Plasmids: Types, transfer, replication, detection and construction of recombinant plasmid vectors.
Genetics of Fungi: Special study of Yeast genetics.
Genetics of Viruses: Genetics of bacteriophage; cosmid and phagemid vectors.
Books Recommended:
1. Snusted,D.P.Simmons,M.J. and Jenkins,J.B. Principles of genetics
2. M.W Strickberger.Genetics.
19
B.Lewin. Gene VIII.
3. T.A. Brown.Gene cloning.
Course No. BTC 331

Course Title: Virology
Credits: 03
Introduction: Brief history, nomenclature and classification, virion structure.

Pathogenesis of viral diseases: specific examples: Influenza, EBV, Hepatitis, HIV, Dengue and
Tumor viruses.
Cellular oncogenes and oncogenic viruses: factors affecting the development of cancer,
relation of oncogenes and oncogenic viruses for development of cancer, use of retroviruses as a
vector for gene therapy and genetic engineering.
Plant and animal virus replication: Replication and gene expression of DNA and RNA
viruses-TMV, adenovirus, hepadnavirus, poxvirus, orthomyxoviruses, reoviruses, retroviruses.
Bacteriophages: Genome organization and replication of DNA and RNA bacteriophages-T2, T4,
φX174, MU.
Immunity, prevention and treatment of viral diseases: Interferon interference, induction and
activation, antivirals and viral vaccines.
Viroids and prions: General characteristics, virulence properties.
Books Recommended:
1. Brock, T.D. Biology of Microorganisms.
2. Fields. Virology: Volume Ι & Ι Ι . 3rd edn.
3. Fields. Fundamentals of Virology:
4. Jawetz E. J. et al. Review of medical microbiology:
Course No. BTC 326

Course Title: Virology Practical
Credit: 01
Course No. BTC 333

Course Title: Bioprocess Engineering
Credits: 02
Introduction: Concepts of bioprocess engineering, importance and application of bioprocess

engineering, development of bioprocess engineering.
Fluid Flow Phenomena: Static fluid property, pressure and pressure gauge, management of fluid
pressure, one dimensional flow, velocity profile and velocity gradients, viscosity and boundary
layer, linear and turbulent flow.
Disruption of Microbial cells: Introduction, analysis of disruption, laboratory scale and large scale
of disruption techniques.
Agitation and Mixing of Liquids: Introduction, classification of agitation, scope and objectives of
agitation, equipments, factor affecting of agitation, applications.
Heat Transfer: Conduction, convection, radiation, natural forced convection, overall heat transfer
co-efficient, dimensionless numbers.
Evaporation: Heat transfer in evaporators, classification and application of evaporators in food,
pharmaceuticals and cosmetics industries, multiple effects of Evaporators,
Biocomposting Processes: Introduction; composting processes; succession of microorganisms;
applications.
Books Recommended:
1. Biotechnology 2nd edition.vol.3. Bioprocessing Rehm H-j & Reed G.
2. Hand book of indigenous fermented foods. K.H Steinkraus.
3. Food, feed and fuel from biomass; Chahal DS.
4. Biotechnology and renewable energy,Moo-Young M. Biotechnology of industrial
antibiotics. Vandamme E.J.
20
5. Prescott and Dunn’s industrial microbiology-G-Reed.
Course No. BTC 335

Course Title: Environmental Biotechnology
Credits: 02
Environmental pollution: Origin and monitoring of different types of pollution, chemical and
biological pollution indicators, assessment and analytical tools
Pollution control biotechnology: Use of commercial blends of microorganisms and enzymes in
pollution control, immobilized cells in pollution control, novel biotechnological approaches-use of
genetic manipulation, enzymes and specialized bacteria.
Sewage treatment: primary treatment, BOD, secondary treatment, disinfections and release, sludge
digestion, septic tanks, oxidation ponds, tertiary treatment.
Metal pollutions and microorganisms: sourses of metals, metal bioavailability in the
environment, mechanisms of microbial metal resistance and detoxification, effects of metal
microbes interactions.
Biosensors and VBNC: application of biosensors for the detection of environmental pollutants,
isolation and enrichment of organisms capable of detoxifying environmental pollutants.
Books Recommended:
1. Atlas RM and Bartha R. Microbial Ecology.
2. Klung and Reddy. Current prospects in microbial ecology.
3. R.Mitchell. Introduction to environmental Microbiology.
4. Glazer AN & Nikaido H. Microbial Biotechnology.
5. Wiley GB. Waste Water Microbiology, 2nd edition.
6. Wise DL. Biotreatment systems: vol.2.
7. Pickup RW and Saunders IJR. Molecular approaches to Environmental Microbiology.
8. I. Foin. Ecological systems and the environment.
9. J.M. Lynch and Poole. Microbial ecology- A conceptual approach.
Course No. BTC 328

Course Title: Environmental Biotechnology Practical
Credit: 01
Course No. BTC 337

Course Title: Food Processing Technology
Credits: 02
Introduction: Scope and importance of food processing, Unit operation in food processing, Mass
and energy balance, Fluid flow, Moisture content, Phase diagram of water.
Energy for Food Processing: Generation of stream, Fuel utilization, electric power utilization.
Heat Transfer of Food Processing: Thermal properties of foods, microwave heating.
Refrigeration and Freezing: Selection of refrigerant, component of refrigeration system, pressure-
enthalpy charts, mechanical expression, freezing systems, frozen food properties, frozen food
storage.
Evaporation: Concepts, boiling point of evaporation, types and mechanism of evaporation.
Principle of Food processing: General Principles of food processing, Canning, curing,
defferent kinds of enzyme for food processing, carbohydrates, brewing,
Food Processing: fish, meat, fruit processing, bakery and confectionary processing.
Fermented and Semi Fermented Products: Shidol, fish pest, fermented squid gut etc.
Value-added fish products: Surimi as a special fish product, methods of surimi preparation,
factors affecting surimi preparation. Minced fish, fish meal, fish silage, FPC, FPI, fish oil etc.
Preservation of food: Concepts, scopes and objectives, classification, various methods of food
preservation, merits, demerits and factors affecting food preservation, application of food
preservation.
Book Recommended:
21
1. Sing, R. Paul, and D.R. Heldman (1993). Introduction to food engineering, second
edition, academic press, Inc,Harcoust Brace and company, USA.
2. Nagodawithana Tilak (1993). Enzyme in processing, third edition, academic press,
Inc,Harcoust Brace and company, USA
3. Clusas, I. J. 1985. Fish Handling, Preservation and Processing in the tropics. Patr I
and II.Tropical Development and Research Institute, London.
4. Brogstrom, G. (Editor). 1965. Fish as Food vol. I – IV. Academic Press London.
5. Govinda, T. K. 1985. Fish Processing Technology. Oxford and IBM Publishing Co. ,
New Dilhi.
5. Stansby, M. E. 1963. Industrial Fishery Technology. Rehinold Pub. Co. New York.
6. Tanikawa, E. 1985. Marine Products in Japan. Koseisha Koseikaku Co. Ltd.., Tokyo.
7. Wheaton, F. W. and Lawson, T. B. 1985. Processing of aquatic Food Products. Wiley
Inter Science, New York.
Course No. BTC 339

Course Title: Molecular Biology of Diseases
Credits: 03
Diabetes mellitus: Types, genetic basis of type I DM, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR and MHC, Pattern of
inheritance in type II DM; MODY (Maturity Onset Diabetes Mellitus in Young), Insulin gene,
Biosynthesis of insulin, Mechanism of insulin action, Complications of DM, Diagnosis and
treatment, Diabetes insipidus.
Cardiovascular disease: Atherosclerosis: Molecular mechanism of the formation of atheromatus
plaque– involvement of LDL & foam cells, Ishchemic heart disease, Myocardial infraction (MI),
Biochemical markers for the diagnosis of MI, Heart failure: Disorders of lipoprotein metabolism.
Cancer: Type of cancer cells, Chemical carcinogens, Methods of testing chemical carcinogens,
Oncogenic viruses, Oncogenes. Hematological malignancies, Leukaemia, Lymphoma & Myeloma.
Cancer chemotherapy: Antimetabolites, Alkylating agents. Plant alkaloids, Antibiotics &
miscellaneous compounds .
Liver disease : Hyperbilirubinemia, Dubin- Jhonson synbrome, Criglar-Najaar synbrome, Viral-
hepatitis: Acute hepatocellular carcinoma , Chronic hepato cellular carcinoma , Cirrosis of the
liver .Liver function tests.
AIDS: Definition; mode of transmission, HIV & the immune system; Pathogenesis of AIDS :
Asymptomatic carrier-PGL – ARC – Fullblown AIDS ; Diagnostic test , Anti- AIDS druge ;
Vaccine possibilities .
Diarrheal disease: Acute & chronic diarrhoea; Causative agent of acute diarrhoea, Molecular
mechanism of the action of cholera & shigelia toxin; Treatment; antibiotics & vaccine possibilities.
Some Brain diseases: Alzhimer’s diseases, Parkinson, Disease, Huntington’s Diseases.
Genetic basis of some metabolic disorders: Phenylketonuria, Alkaptonuria, Maple syrup urine
disease, Nieman-pick disease, Gaucher`s disease, Glycogen storage disease, Gout.
Chromosomal abnormalities: Amniocentesis; Chromosomal abnormalities in man; Fragile X
syndrome, Metafemales; Down’s syndrome, Cystic fibrosis, etc.
Course No. BTC 341

Course Title: Animal Cell Technology
Credits: 03
Introduction: History, types of animal cell culture, prospects and limitations of animal cell culture,
animal cell culture technology in the 21st century.
Laboratory Organization: Laboratory design, aseptic techniques, media preparation, incubation
facilities.
Culture Media and Procedures: Media components, composition & preparation, feeder layers and
gas phase, Selection of medium and serum, cell nutrition, growth factors.
Primary Culture: Disaggregation of tissue and primary culture; monolayer cell growth system,
evolution of cell lines, large scale cell culture, somatic cell fusion.
Culture of Specific Cell: Culture of epithelial cells, mesenchymal cells, neuroectodermal cells,
hemopoietic cells, blood cell, bone marrow, insect cell, fish cell, and tumour tissue.
Specialized Technique and Maintenance: Mass culture of cell, hybridoma production technique,
uses of hybridoma products, routine observation and maintenance of cloning and selection of
specific cell type.
22
Quantification and experimental design: Selection of cell line, experimental design; growth
phase, cell counting, preparation of samples for enzyme assay and immune assay, preparation of
samples for extraction of DNA and RNA.
Isolation of Tissue and Primary Culture: Mouse embryo and hens embryo.
Books Recommended:
1. Butler, M. 1987. Animal Cell Technology- Principles and Practices, Oxford University
Press,UK.
2. Butler, M. 1991. Mammalian Cell Biotechnology- A Practical Apprachh, IRL, Oxford.
3. Freshney, R. T. 1998. Culture of Animal Cells. John Willey and Sons, NY.
4. Purhit, S. S. and S. K. Mathur. 1996. Biotechnology. Argo’s Botanical Publishers, India.
Course No. BTC 330

Course Title: Animal Cell Technology Practical
Credit: 01
Course No. BTC 343

Course Title: Immunology
Credits: 03
Introduction: Brief history, components of immune system, molecular and cellular basis of
immune system.
Antigen and antibody: Types, properties and structure.
Cells and organs involved in the immune response: Lymphocytes (T cells, B cells, NK cells),
primary and secondary expansion of lymphocytes, mononuclear phagocytes,
monocytes/macrophages, antigen presenting cells, polymorphs and mast cells; the primary and
secondary lymphoid organs and tissues.
The humoral immune response: Antigen-antibody interactions, affinity and avidity; antibodies,
classification, structure, function and mechanism of action; interferons and their functions.
The cell-mediated immune response: Recognition of antigen by T cells, antigen presentation, the
major histocompatibility complexes or MHC molecules, the role of cytokines and the regulation of
immune responses.
Complements: Activities of complement proteins, activation of complement, classical pathway,
regulation of classical pathway activation, alternative pathway, activation and amplification loop,
their regulation, membrane attack complex, biological effects of complement.
Immunity to infection: Immunity to intracellular and extracellular bacteria, viral infections, and
parasitic infections.
Vaccination: Designing of vaccines, attenuated vaccine, conjugate vaccine, subunit vaccine, DNA
based and other vaccines; experimental vaccines for cholera as an example.
Immunopathology: Immunodeficiency, Autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases, Tumor
immunology, Hypersensitivity reactions, AIDS.
Immunological techniques: precipitation, agglutination, ELISA, Radio immunoassay (RIA),
Immunoelectrophoresis, Immunoblotting, Immunofluorescence and fluorescence activated cell
sorter (FACS).
Books Recommended:
1. I. M. Roitt et al. Immunology.

2. I. M. Roitt et al.Essential Immunology.
3. D. K. Mate et al. Advanced Immunology.
4. T. J. Barrett. Text book of Immunology.
5. I. R. Tizard. Immunology: an introduction.
6. Jains Kuby, W. H. Freeman & Co. N. Y. Immunology.
Course No. BTC 332
23
Course Title: Immunology Practical
Credit: 01
Course No. BTC 345

Course Title: Bioreactor and Downstream Processing
Credits: 03
Concepts of bioreactors: Historical background, bioreactor process, factors for growth in

bioreactors, types of bioreactors, culture media, contamination and sterilyzation.
Process development: Shake-Flash fermentation, scale up of the process, bioreactors operation,
bioreactor media.
Biocontrol Agents: Boiinsecticide, boiherbicides, desease control agents, GEMS production,
recovery and purification, advantage and limitations.
Single Cell Protein: Micro organism used of single cell protein production, substrate for single cell
protein production, products recovery and purification.
Metabolic Production: Shikonin, rosmarimic acid, indole alkaloids, anthacyanine, recombinant
protein, acetone-butanone, industrial alcohol, enzymes production, vaccine genes farming, drugs in
bioreactors, commercialization of bioreactors products.
Downstream Processing: Upstream and down stream processing, separation of particles,
disintegration of cells extraction, concentration, purification, drying.
In Situ Recovery of Products: use of vaccum, two phase systems, dialysis, applications.
Books Recommended:
1) Sigh, B.D (2006), Biotechnology, Expanding Horizons, Kalyani publications,
New Delhi-110002
2) Ramawat, K.G. (2004) Plant Biotechnology, S. Chand & Company Ltd.
New Delhi-110055
3) 3) Dubey, R.C. (2005) A Textbook of Biotechnology, S. Chand & Company Ltd.
New Delhi-110055
Course No. BTC 421

Course Title: Genetic Engineering
Credits: 03
Introduction: Definition of genetic engineering, steps and strategies of genetic engineering,

prospects and problems of genetic engineering, basic tools of genetic engineering, restriction and
modification enzymes.
Recombinant DNA Technology: Concepts of Recombinant DNA technology, biological tools of
Recombinant DNA technology, modification of gene, methods of gene transfer, transgenic
organisms, application in virus and bacteria of recombinant DNA production, different enzymes
involved in production of recombinant DNA.
Cloning Vectors: Characteristics of good cloning vectors, types, structure of different cloning
vactors, cloning from mRNA, synthesis and cloning of cDNA, formation of genomic DNA,
preparation of vactor DNA, recipient DNA, formation of hybrid DNA through genetic engineering.
Gene Library and Cloning of Foreign Gene: Construction of cDNA library, genomic library,
sequencing of gene library by DNA hybridisation and other methods.
Creation of Transgenic Plants and Animals through Genetic Engineering: Identification and
isolation of gene, nuclear, chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA, preparation of selected DNA, gene
transfer methods in to host cells, expressing of the transfer genes, PCR based cloning.
Regulation of Gene Expression: Gene from different kinds of RNA, RNA polymerase, positive
and negative control of gene expression, gene expression of somatic cell hybrids.
Gene Therapy: Detection of human disease causing genes, functional and potential gene cloning,
ex vivo and in vivo gene therapy, viral gene delivery systems, pro-drug activation therapy.
Books Recommended:
1. Foster, G.D. and Twell , D.(1997). Plant Gene Isolation: Principle and Practice. Jhon Wiley
& Sons. Singapore.
24
2. Khush, G.S. and G.H.Toenniessen (1991). Rice Biotechnology .IRRI, CAB International,
U.K.
3. Watson (1997).Recombinant DNA Technology, McMillan Pub. Co.
Course No. BTC 423

Course Title: Plant Biotechnology
Credit: 03
Introduction: Definition, concept of plant biotechnology, scope, importance applications of

biotechnological products from plant, application of biotechnological methods for plant
development.
Selected Contribution of Plant Biotechnology: Embryo, Pollen, Anther, protoplast culture to
rescue otherwise unviable hybrid, to recover haploid plants from inter-specific hybridization.
In Vitro production of biochemical’s, bio-pharmaceuticals, secondary metabolites from medicinal
plants through biotechnological methods. Recovery and isolation of virus free stock, secondary
products, cosmetic products, food base agents from crop plants.
Somaclonal Variation: Somaclonal variation of crops, medicinal plant species and other plants,
somatic hybridization, production of cybrid, application of hybrid and cybrid. Production of
mutants, stress tolerance, amino acid analogue, pathogen resistant stock and disease resistant
mutants from medicinal and crop plants.
Clone production: methods of cloning, genetic engineering and molecular marker related
improvement of plants.
Transgenic Plants: Production of transgenic plants through biotechnological methods and its
applications, advantages and disadvantages.
Cryopreservation: Difficulties in cryopreservation, methods for cryopreservation, plant cell/tissue
bank, pollen bank, germline, achievement through cryopreservation.
Books Recommende :
1. Mantell and Smith, (1984).Plant Biotechnology.
2. Watson,1992.Recombinant DNA.
3. Anderson, L.A. Plant Cell Culture. Advance in Biochemical Engineering and
Biotechnology.
4. Gresshoff, P.M. SRC Series of Current Topics in Plant Molecular Biology. Plant
Biotechnology and Development.
Course No. BTC 422

Course Title: Plant Biotechnology Practical
Credit: 01
Course No. BTC 425

Course Title: Molecular Marker and Diagnostic Biotechnology
Credits: 03
Introduction: Basic concept, genetic principles, variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs)/
Minisattelite sequences, short tandem repeats (STRs)/ Microsattelite sequences.
DNA Isolation: Isolation of genomic DNA from whole blood cell, soft tissue, semen,
microorganism, bones, plant material, seeds.
DNA Fingerprinting: Hybridization based DNA fingerprinting (RFLP) - radioactive, fluorescent
and chemiluminescent methods; PCR-based DNA fingerprinting- single locus and multi locus DNA
fingerprinting, RAPD, AFLP.
Polymorphism: Polymorphism of some genetic locus in relation to diseases.
Application of DNA Fingerprinting: Identification of genotype/ varieties, breeds, strains; criminal
investigation, immigration, paternity dispute; identification of missing person etc.
PCR based Detection: Detection of bacterial and viral diseases of aquatic animals.
Multiplex PCR: Diagnosis of cystic fibriosis, abnormal mucus clearance from the respiratory tract
with frequent infections, pancreatic insufficiency, abnormal salt transport, infertility in males.
ARMS-PCR: Detection of –Thalassemia mutation.
FMR-1 Gene Trinucleotide Repeat analysis: Detection of Fragile X syndrome. Mental
retardation, long faces large ear, prominent jaw, post-pubertal macroorchidism.
25
Genomic Southern Hybridization: Detection of pheladelphia chromosome; acute leukemia and
Chronic myeloid leukaemia.
Sequencing: Identification of bacterial species on the basis of 16S rDNA sequences.
Books Recommended:
1. Freefelder, D. 1985. Essentials of Molecular Biology. Narosa Publishing House. New Dilhi.
2. Fowler, E. A. 1993. Techniques for Engineering Genes. Butterworth-Heinemann Ltd., UK.
3. Gupta, P. K. 1997. Cell and molecular Biology. Rastogi Pub., India.
4. Henry, R. J. 1984. Practical applications of Plant Molecular Biology. Chapman and Hall Pub.,
London.
5. Micklos, D. A. and G. A. Freyer. 1990. DNA Science, Cold Spring Harbor Lab Press, New York.
6. Stansfield, W. D. 1996. Theory and Problems of Molecular and Cell Biology. McGraw Hill Co.
New York.
7. Weising, K. H., aH. Nybom, K. Woff and W. Meyer. 1995. DNA Fingerprinting in Plants and
Fungi. CRC Press, USA.
Course No. BTC 424

Course Title: Molecular Marker and Diagnostic Biotechnology Practical
Credit: 01

Course No. BTC 427
Title: Food Biotechnology
Credits: 03
Introduction: Microorganisms (molds yeasts, bacteria) important in food biotechnology, major

biotech food products.
Biotechnology in Milk and Milk Products: Composition and food value of milk. adulteration of
milk. Pasteurisation of milk. Definition, composition and manufacture of Butter and butter products.
Definition, classification, manufacturing and processing of different types of domestic and foreign
cheese. Composition and manufacturing process of condensed and powder milk.
Biotechnology in Fermented Dairy Products and Dairy Based Products: Starter culture, dhahi,
yogurt, cultured butter milk, acidophilus milk and kefir. Classification of ice-cream, manufacturing,
hardening and storage of ice-cream.
Fermentation Technology in Food: Industrial enzymes used for fermentation of food, production
process of beer, wine, brandy, distilled breverages, alcoholic breverages (whiskey, scotch, grain,
neutral sprit, vodka, gin, rum), carbonated breverages, amino acids, vitamins and single cell protein.
Biotechnology in Fruit Processing: Preparation of squash from fruit, juice, non alcoholic fruit
drinks, sour kraut, pickles, jam, jellies, and marmalades. Enzyme treatments and preservation of
fruit products,
Baby Food: Production of baby food and cereal products.
Food Processing: Food additives, packaging of food, storage, transportation, merchandising of
various products with added value, food spoilage and food regulation, quality control of food
processing.
Course No. BTC 426

Title: Food Biotechnology Practical
Credit: 01
Course No. BTC 429

Course Title: Fisheries and Marine Biotechnology
Credits: 02
Introduction: Fish, fisheries and biotechnology.
26
Application of gene manipulation in fisheries: Andogenesios, ploidy and induced polyploidy, sex
reversal, mono-sex fish production, population studies involving gene manipulation.
Fish Genomes: Gene mapping, DNA markers and its application in fish biotechnology.
Transgenic Fish: Production of transgenic fish through biotechnological methods and its
applications, essential steps in transgenic fish production, future of transgenic induction for
aquaculture.
Value Added Products from Fish: Protease and other enzymes, amino acids, lipids, vitamins and
others.
Biotechnology in Health Management for Aquaculture: Hybridoma technology, production of
monoclonal antibodies, vaccine development and vaccination of aquatic animals.
Cryopreservation: Application of cryopreservation methods in fishes.
Books Recommended:
1. Ranga,M.M. and Q.J.Shammi (2005). Fish Biotechnology. Agrobios, India.
2. Bishop, M. D. et. al (1994). Genetics. 136.
3. Crawford, A.M. et. al. (1995). Gnetics. 140.
4. Itami, T, et. al. (1998). Advanced in shrimp biotechnology. National Centre for Genetic
Engineering and Biotechnology. Bangkok.
Course No. BTC 441

Course Title: Bioinformatics
Credits: 02
Based on the experience of the expert teacher(s)
Course No. BTC 442

Course Title: Bioinformatics Lab
Credits: 01
Based on BTC 441
Course No. BTC 431

Course Title: Animal Biotechnology
Credits: 03
Introduction: Definition, scope and importance of animal biotechnology.

Embryo Transfer in Domestic Animals: Definition, application of embryo transfer, process and
methods of embryo transfer, selection, management of donor and recipient, super ovulation,
insemination donar, preparation of culture media, transfer of selected embryo, limitation, production
of twins, in vitro fertilization.
Test Tube Baby in Human: In vitro fertilization, embryo transfer, advantages and disadvantages.
Genetic Manipulation: Evaluation of chromosome of ova, micromanipulation of gametes,
separation of X and Y chromosome, embryos and zona pellucida, recombinant DNA technology for
production of transgenic animals.
Production of Transgenic Animals: Production of transgenic animals for milk and meat, disease
resistant transgenic animals.
Cloning: Definition, history, cloning of sheep (Dolly), cattle, monkey and human (Ive), animal
genetic engineering methods, application.
Books Recommended:
1. Hafez , E.S.E. (1987). Reproduction in Farm Animals . LEA and Febiger , Philadelphia.
2. Gordon, I. (1983). Controlled Breeding in Farm Animals. Pergamon Press, Oxford, NY,
Toronto, Sydney, Paris and Frank furt.
27
Course No. BTC 430
Course Title: Animal Biotechnology Practical and Field Work
Credit: 01
Course No. BTC 433

Course Title: Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Credits: 03
Introduction: History, definition, application, development and production of medicinal and

pharmaceutical products through biotechnology.
Biotechnology in Medicine: Introduction, production of human peptide hormones, insulines,
somatotropin, somatostatin, human interferon, different types of vaccines, commercial chemicals,
regulation of proteins, blood products and antibiotic.
Production of Biopharmaceutical Products: Biochemical products, animal products through cell
culture, pharmaceutical products through transgenic technology, blood substrates through transgenic
animals.
Microbial production of therapeutic agents: Production of antibodies in E. coli; Enzymes-
DNAase Ι and alginate lyase against cystic fibrosis; HIV therapeutic agents.
Production of Polyclonal and Monoclonal Antibodies: Animal cell culture, hybridoma
technology, purification of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies.
Production of New Biopharmaceuticals: Production of new biopharmaceuticals (therapeutically
useful susbstances) by recombinant DNA technology, interferon, insulin, somatostain and human
growth hormone.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Genetic Diseases: Concepts of genetic diseases, diagnosis and
treatment of genetic diseases.
Recommended References:
1) Assays in applied Microbiology, Edited by J. R. Noris and M. H. Richmond. Jhon Wiley &
Sons.
2) K.A. Malik , A. Nasim and A.M. Khalid (1995). Biotechnology for sustainable development
. Published by NIBGE , Faisalabad Pakistan .
3) Pharmaceuticals Microbiology. Edited by – W.B. Huge & A.D. Russel, 1993.
4) Modern Biotechnology: Primrose.
5) Microbial Conversion of Steriod and Alkaloids: Lizuka, 1981.
Course No. BTC 432

Course Title: Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Practical
Credit: 01
Course No. BTC 435

Course Title: Agricultural Biotechnology
Credits: 03
Introduction: Definition, scope and importance of agricultural biotechnology.

Advanced Method of Crop Improvement: Development and application of agricultural hybrid
and cybrid, somatic cell variation, gametoclonal variation in crop improvement.
28
Transgenic crops: Insect, pathogen and herbicide resistant transgenic crops, transgenic crops for
improved crop productivity and improved nutritional quality.
Biotechnology in Seed Production: Use of biotechnological methods for production and
improvement of agricultural crop seeds, merits and demerits of commercialisation of genetically
engineered seeds.
Biopesticides: Biopesticide, bioinsecticide and weedicides, biological control, application of
biotechnology for pest, insect and weed control, integrated pest management.
Marker Assisted Breeding: Technologies of plant variety identification, selection of segregating
population, estimation of genetic variation using biotechnological approaches.
Biotechnology and Biodiversity: Definition, components, interaction, hierarchial pattern and
scales of biodiversity, genetic diversity and its implication, conservation of biodiversity,
biodiversity in agriculture, application of biotechnology in biodiversity.
Biosafety and Biotechnology: Concepts of bio safety, composition function of national and
institutional bio safety committee, safety level organisms, problems of biologically active agents,
genetically modified organisms (GMOs), regulations of bio safety level.
References:
1. Natesh, S. 1993. Biotechnology in Agriculture. Oxford & IBM Pvt. Ltd. India.
2. Chect , I.(1993) .Biotechnology in Plant Disease Control . Wiley-Liss Pub. Singapore.
3. Perscly, G.J. (1997). Agricultural Biotechnology: Country Case Studies .AB International.
UK.
Course No. BTC 437

Course Title: Enzyme and Protein Technology
Credits: 03
Protein Technology: The scope of protein biotechnology; the range of industrially significant
proteins; proteins employed in health-care industry; protein sources; microorganisms as a
source of proteins; plants as a source of industrially important proteins; animal tissue as a
protein source; conformational stability of proteins; recombinant protein technology; protein
engineering.
Enzyme Technology: Industrial approach to enzyme production; development of new enzyme
preparations; biochemical applications of enzymes; medical uses of enzyme; the use of enzymes as
biocatalyst in organic chemistry; restriction endonuclease; biochemical processing; industrial and
technical uses of enzymes; application of enzymes in food industry; use of enzymes in the
extraction of natural products; detoxifying enzymes; enzyme based detergents; use of enzymes as
cleansing agents; enzymes in the leather industry; enzymes in the textile industry; enzymes in the
textile industry; enzymes in the paper manufacture; enzymes in the antibiotics; miscellaneous uses
of biocatalysts.
Books Recommended:
1. Walsh G. & Headon D. Protein Biotechnology.
2. Frank F. Protein Biotechnology: Isolation, Characterization and Stabilization.
3. Cleland JF & Craik CS. Protein engineering: Principles and Practice.
4. Wiseman A. Handbook of Enzyme Biotechnology.
5. Bohak Z & Sharon N. Biotechnological Applications of Proteins and Enzymes.
Course No. BTC 434

Course Title: Research and Thesis
Credits: 04
Research experiments will be announced at the beginning of the 4th year 1st semester. Thesis will be
carried out according to the experimental results.
29
Department of Biotechnology ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjRx
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Shah Jalal University of Science & Technology kvnRvjvj weÁvb I cÖhyw³
wek¦we`¨vjq
Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh wm‡jU-3114, evsjv‡`k
PABX : +880-821-713491/714479/716123/
+880-821-713491/714479/716123/ wcGweG·:+880-821-
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713850/717850-Ext.- 713850/717850(G·U-)
FAX : +880-821-715257 d¨v·: +880-821-715257
Web : www.sust.edu/btc B-‡gBj: bio@sust.edu
E-mail : bio@sust.edu
Examiners panels for the session 2008-2009
All teachers of the relevant Departments in all pubic Universities in Bangladesh and all pertinent
scientists in all Government and Autonomous Research Institutes in Bangladesh.
30

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Department of Biotechnology ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjRx

Syllabus for B. Sc. Honours in Biotechnology, 2008-2012 Degree

Class participation : 10%

Numerical Grade Letter Grade Grade Point

Second Year Semester I

Second Year Semester II

Third Year Semester I

Third Year Semester II

Fourth Year Semester I

Fourth Year Semester II

Concept: Definition of Biotechnology, history and multidisciplinary nature of Biotechnology,

Course No. BTC 123

Introduction: Diversity of plants.

Course No. BTC 122

Practical works based on BTC 123.

Course No. BTC 125

Introduction: Definition of microorganism and microbiology; Place of microorganisms in the

1. T.D. Brock et al. Biology of Microorganisms.

Course No. BTC 127

Course No. BTC 124

Practical works based on BTC 127.

Course No. BTC 129

Course No. BTC 131

Course No. BTC 128

Laboratory works based on BTC 131.

Course No. BTC 133

1. Datta, S. C. 1994. Plant Physiology. Wiley Eastern Ltd. New Dilhi.

Course No. BTC 130

Laboratory works based on BTC 133.

Course No. BTC 135

Course No. BTC 221

Introduction: Definition, branches of physiology.

Course No. BTC 222

Laboratory works based on BTC 221.

Course No. BTC 223

Introduction: Chemistry of nucleic acids, structure, physico-chemical properties, molecular weight

Course No. BTC 225

Detailed study about biotechnologically important microorganisms (Characteristics, cultural

1. T.D. Brock et al. Biology of Microorganisms.

Course No. BTC 224

Laboratory works based on BTC 125 and BTC 225.

Introduction: Brief history, enzymes as biological catalysts, classification, nomenclature, enzyme

Course No. BTC 229

Course No. BTC 226

1. Isolation, characterization and identification of the following microorganisms: Rhizobium,

Course No. BTC 231

Introduction: General aspects of metabolism and experimental approaches to the study of

Course No. BTC 233

Metabolism: Basic concept and design of metabolism control of carbohydrate metabolism.

Course No. BTC 235

Course No. BTC 228

Laboratory works based on BTC 235.

Course No. BTC 237

Animal reproduction: Definition, types, factors responsible for reproduction, fundamental

Course No. BTC 230

Course No. BTC 239

Course No. BTC 241

Introduction: Definition, scope, importance of fermentation technology, major areas of

Course No. BTC 232

Laboratory works based on BTC 241.

Course No. BTC 243

Course No. BTC 211

Introduction: Definition, uses of statistics in biological science, variables, classification,