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D 1 2
4 D 1 4 y p e x 64 x 2
D 2
2 D 1 y p e x 64 x 2 New LDE
m 1, 1; m ' 0, 0, 0
Example
Solution: p
y e x
A Bx Cx 2
D y p e x B 2Cx
D 2 y p e x 2C
A Bx Cx 2 2 B 4Cx 2C 64 x 2
C 64, B 256, A 384
y e 384 256 x 64 x
p
x 2
y 64 x 256 x 384 e
p
2 x
y C C x e 64 x 256 x 384 e
1 2
2 x 2 x
Inverse D Operators
The Operator 1/f(D)
f n D y r x
Then yp is yp 1
r x
f n
D
yp 1
f n D
e ax
yp 1
f n a
ax
e , f n
a 0
Example
Problems:
1. D 2 3D 2 y 24 cos 3x
2. D3 9 D y 10e 2 x
3. D3 4 D 2 5D y 20e 5 x
Example
Solution:
1. D 2 3D 2 y 24 cos 3 x
yc : m 2 3m 2 0, m 1, 2
yc C1e x C2 e 2 x
y p : m ' 3 j
yp 1
D2 3 D 2
24 cos 3x D 3 j
y p 84
65 cos 3 x 65 j cos 3 x
108
Example
Solution:
y p 84 cos 3 x 65 D cos 3 x
36
65
y p 84
65 cos 3 x 65 sin 3 x
108
y C1e x C2e 2 x 84
65 cos 3 x 65 sin 3 x
108
Inverse D Operators
If f(a) = 0, the characteristic roots are repeated
f D y r x
n
D D a y eax
n
Then yp is yp 1
e ax
D D a
n
yp xn
n! a
e ax
, a 0
Example
Problems:
1. D3 6 D 2 9 D y 12e3 x
2. D 4 5 D3 6 D 2 4 D 8 y 60e 2 x
Example
Solution:
1. D3 6 D 2 9 D y 12e 3 x
yc : m 0, 3, 3
yc C1 C2 C3 x e3 x
y p : m ' 3, n 2
yp 12e 2 x e
x2
2! D
3 x
D 3
2 3 x
y C C C x 2x e
1 2 3
2 3 x
Inverse D Operators
For complex-conjugate roots that are repeated
The solution yp is
yp 1
D2 b2
r x or yp 1
D 2 b2
r x
1
D 2 b2
sin bx 1
D 2 b2
cos bx
2xb cos bx x
2b sin bx
Example
Problems:
1. D 3 6 D 2 13D y 36e 3 x sin 2 x
2. D 3 2 D 2 16 D 32 y 60 cos 4 x
3. D 3 13D 2 34 y 25 x 2 100e x cos 4 x
Example
Solution:
1. D 3 6 D 2 13D y 36e 3 x sin 2 x
yc : m 0, 3 2 j
yc C1 e 3 x C2 cos 2 x C3 sin 2 x
y p : m ' 3 2 j
D 3 3
6 D 3 13 D 3 y p e3 x 36 sin 2 x
2
D 3
3D 2 4 D 12 y p e3 x 36 sin 2 x New LDE
m 3, 2 j , m ' 2 j
Example
Solution:
p
y e 3x
x
2 2
1
D 3 36 cos 2 x D 2 j
p 1327 1813 j x cos 2 x
y e 3x
y p e 3 x 13
27
13 x sin 2 x
x cos 2 x 18
y C1 e3 x C2 13
27
13 x sin 2 x
x cos 2 x C3 18