INDIAN ECONOMY

ASSIGNMENT

TOPIC: Structural Changes In Indian Economy

And Their Significances

Submitted to: Submitted by:

Changes in Structure of Indian Economy

There are 3 sectors of economy in which structural

changes takes place:

1. Primary Sector
2. Secondary Sector
3. Tertiary Sector

1. Primary Sector: The primary sector of

the economy involves changing natural resources into
primary products. Most products from this sector are
considered raw materials for other industries. Major
businesses in this sector include agriculture,
agribusiness, fishing, forestry and all mining and
quarrying industries.
The manufacturing industries that aggregate, pack,
package, purify or process the raw materials close to the
primary producers are normally considered part of this
sector, especially if the raw material is unsuitable for
sale or difficult to transport long distances.

2. Secondary Sector: The secondary sector of the

economy includes those economic sectors that create a
finished, usable product: manufacturing and construction.
This sector generally takes the output of the primary
sector and manufactures finished goods or where they
are suitable for use by other businesses, for export, or
sale to domestic consumers. This sector is often divided
into light industry and heavy industry. Many of these
industries consume large quantities of energy and require
factories and machinery to convert the raw materials
into goods and products. They also produce waste
materials and waste heat that may pose environmental
problems or cause pollution.

3. Tertiary Sector: The tertiary sector

of economy (also known as the service sector or
the service industry) is one of the three economic
sectors. The general definition of the tertiary sector is
producing a service instead of just an end product, in the
case of the secondary sector. Sometimes an additional
sector, the "quaternary sector", is defined for the
sharing of information (which normally belongs to the
tertiary sector).
The tertiary sector is defined by exclusion of the two
other sectors.[1] Services are defined in conventional
economic literature as "intangible goods".
The tertiary sector of economy involves the provision of
services to businesses as well as final consumers.
Services may involve the transport, distribution business
and sale of goods from producer to a consumer as may
happen in good timing and or may involve the provision of
a service, such as in entertainment Goods may be
transformed in the process of providing a service, as
happens in the resturant industry or in equipment repair.
However, the focus is on people interacting with people
and serving the customer rather than transforming
physical goods.

These three sectors contribute to Gross Domestic

Product making the structure of economy as the economy
grows importance of primary sector specially agriculture
decreases and importance of secondary and tertiary
sector increases. The changing share of primary,
secondary and tertiary in the Gross Domestic Product at
Factor Cost indicates structural change which is a
positive sign for economic growth. The share of primary
sector to GDP in the year 1951 was 59.2% which has
decreased to 21% approx. The share of secondary and
tertiary sector in the year 1951 was 40.8% which has
increased to 79% approx.

According to these structural changes, we find that

there is percentage change in contribution of various
industries to real Gross Domestic Product according to
base year of 1999-2000.
 1998-99 2006-07
Agriculture Sector 6.2% 2.7%
Manufacturing Industry 2.7% 11.3%
Electricity, Gas & Water Supply 7% 7.7%
Construction 6.2% 9.4%
Overall Industry 3.7% 10%
Trade, Hotels Transport &
Communication 7.7% 11.1%
Financial Services 7.4% 7.8%

(Source: Economic Survey Report of 2006-2007)

The Growth Rate of Gross Domestic Product has

increased from 6.5% to 9.2%.