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FINAL PROJECT
Principles of Marketing
Submitted By:
Duaa Asjad
Zainab Nadeem
Hamza Ahmed
Saad Shams
Aryan Chaudhary
Submitted to:
Table of Contents
Executive summary 3
Market Description 5
Product Review 11
Competitive review 11
SWOT Analysis 14
Marketing Strategy 20
Action Program 27
Budget 27
Controls 28
Goals 28
Refrences 32
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Executive Summary
McDonalds is one of the leading brands in market of fast food with a number of competitors. It
targets various segments including demographic, geographic and psychological. McDonalds has
various restaurants in 120 countries. It started in California and is reaching the heights of success
today. It provides convenience products to its customers and has an effective pricing strategy.
People belonging from all age groups love Mcdonalds and their fries are known as “America’s
favorite fries”. McDonalds is maintaining their revenue in a great way and aims to be more
profitable in future. McDonalds aims to serve high quality food in a friendly environment and
McDonalds is an American multinational company that deals in fast food. Having, 37,241
restaurants around the world, McDonald’s fries qualify to be one of the best sellers of the
company. Richard and Maurice McDonald commenced this fast food chain in 1940. Today,
McDonald fries are known worldwide for their exceptional taste and quality. McDonalds has
enhanced this product by introducing a variety of fries including loaded fries that come with
various flavors including BBQ, Cheese and Jalapenos, lemon chili and garlic mayo. McDonalds
serves its fries in different quantities depending on the size ordered (small, medium or large).
McDonalds fries have won the hearts of customers in Singapore by providing calorie free fries
fried in 100% pure vegetable oil. McDonalds has made $28.11 billion according to statistics held
in California in 2013 and French fries offered by mcdonalds play a vital role in this success.
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McDonalds keep introducing new features every year to enhance the revenue and maintain
McDonalds fries are experiencing tremendous growth and has reached the point of maturity.
Quality ingredients
Currently, McDonalds fries are one of the most loved product offered at McDonalds and they are
also known as “America’s favorite fries”. McDonalds is introducing a variety of features in their
fries now and that in adding to the value of product and increasing the revenues immensely.
People belonging from all age groups have a thing for McDonalds fries and that is one of the
McDonalds has a tough competition in Market when it comes to its fries. There are a number of
competitors that are a threat for fries offered at McDonalds. Some of these competitors include:
OPTP fries
KFC fries
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Hardees now offers curly fries which are loved by the customers but still, McDonalds fries take
the lead when it comes to the sales. No doubt McDonalds has competitors but it has its own
position in the market that is irreplaceable. OPTP is also a great threat as they deal mainly in
fries.
Market Description
The restaurant market deals in various well-known brands dealing with fast food. A few
examples are KFC, Burger King, Hardees, and Subway. Each firm is making its own profit and
have a healthy competition with each other. McDonalds made its name in 90’s and is reaching
the heights of success today. McDonalds provides a variety of products to its customers
including hamburgers, fries, nuggets, desserts and many more. Fries are a vital product of
McDonalds that complement with almost every product offered at McDonalds. The fries come
The Customers are delighted when they visit McDonalds. People love to eat fries and at
McDonalds, the complaints and complements are taking into consideration on a serious note. If a
customer complaints about fries being too salty or have quantity issues, the they are provided
with complementary extra fries on spot so they have a healthy customer relation management.
The nutritional value chart is already provided to the health conscious customers. The customers
can buy the product at their convenience from drive thru and they also offer free home delivery.
The fries are packed and placed in such a way that the quantity is enough for a person and
customers don’t have the issue of quantity or quality when it comes to fries. McDonalds does not
deceive its customers through their packaging. The paper used for packing in recycled and
environmental friendly. The packets are designed in such an attractive way that customers are
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never left disappointed from McDonalds and their cravings are satisfied in a healthy and friendly
way. The employees at McDonalds are very friendly and cooperative too.
Market Segmentation:
Segmentation means to divide a market into distinct groups of buyers who have different needs,
characteristics or behaviors and who might require separate products or marketing programs. As
the market consist of many types of customers, needs and products so it is important for the
market to determine which segments offer the best opportunities and which segments can be
beneficial for the market to serve. Segmentation is done to meet the needs of different types of
consumers, and the consumers can be grouped in various ways based on the:
Psychographic
Demographic
geographic
behavioral factors.
Sometimes there is a similarity between the customers and they response in the same way to a
particular product or thing and for that reason, not all ways of segmenting a market are equally
useful. For example, in a car market there can be a group of consumers who want the biggest and
most comfortable car, regardless of price make up one whole market segment and the other
market segment can be the group of buyers who do care for price and operating economy. And, it
might be difficult for the car companies to make one car that serves best both the market
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segments, and which becomes first choice of consumers in both the segments.
Geographic segmentation:
Geographic segmentation means to divide the market into different geographic units, such as
nations, states, regions, countries, cities or even neighborhoods. Geographic differences are
given due importance to focus on consumer needs and wants and to serve the consumers what
There are several outlets by McDonald’s all across the globe and they try to do best to serve all
the geographic segmentation by having the dine-in facility as well as drive thru facility and there
are rarely any complaints about their outlets regarding the service
Demographic segmentation:
It involves dividing the market into the segments that are based on age, size, population, gender,
Families can take drive thru service as well as if they are on outing and after they have enjoyed
their trip, they can enjoy their take away service and similarly there are certain family deals
keeping in mind children also, so they might put nuggets in those deals for children to enjoy.
They do focus on income level segmentation by offering certain deals by keeping in mind social
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class of the people. Low income class people can also think of enjoy a meal at McDonald’s
because special deals are offered by McDonalds such as shared box deal which is of 2 to 3
different prices, so customer can have a deal which best suits to their interest.
Mcdonald´s do age base segmentation also. For example, they have happy meal for children
which contain toys also, so that kids which come along with their parents can enjoy their time at
McDonald’s and there is play area also, so parents can enjoy their meal while children can enjoy
Occupation Based:
Mcdonald’s offer various students deal as students mostly go to Mcdonald’s to have lunch and
Psychographic segmentation:
They also focus on Psychographic segmentation by considering different values for serving. For
example, in India McDonald’s serve vegetarian class by making vegge burgers and in Pakistan
Chapli kabab burgers are sold by McDonald’s and it can also be referring to as cultural or
religious segmentation.
Behavioral segmentation:
Segmenting the market on the basis of occasions, benefit sought, user status and usage rate
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For example, Mcdonald´s do behavioral segmentation by giving the facility of birthday parties
especially for children. And benefit sought can be of time efficiency that they place orders
timely. And segmentation is doe for potential and fast food eaters (user status).
After the segmenting has done, it is necessary to evaluate the segment to check certain factors as
Market Potential:
A market can evaluate the market potential of the segment by looking at the number of potential
customers in the segment; their income and the number of people in the segment who need the
kind of product which the market is going to offer. A market participant is one who is going to
buy such a product, so a market participant has to need the product; have the ability to pay the
price of the product and has to want to buy that particular product. For example if a Mcdonald´s
want to launch a new product they must look at the market potential.
Sales Potential:
Sales potential is the share of the potential market of a particular segment that the company
expects to achieve if that segment is targeted. Company can estimate company's share
based on
the performance in other markets. The result of this evaluation gives company an idea of how
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Competition:
A key factor that should be consider in the evaluation of each segment is the competitive
situation. If the total sales of existing suppliers are below the market potential, then you can
achieve sales without taking the business away from competitors. If the sales of company´s
competitors are close to the market potential, then any sale a company make will result in the
fewer sales for them. This means company will have to lower its prices or spend more money on
promotion to achieve sales potential, and it makes the segment less valuable for the company.
Cost:
Some markets cost a lot of money to service and doing this affects the value of the segment. If a
company has to physically deliver large items over long distances; the freight costs will be high
and resulting prices may put the product out of the reach of the customers income range. If the
particular segment is high in relation to the expected sales; then the value of the segment is low.
These evaluations identify the segments which can be the most valuable for the company.
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After segmentation and evaluation is done, the next step is to decide which segment or segments
to target
Product Review
McDonalds fries – also known as “America’s favorite fries” also have the following features:
All Natural – No artificial food coloring or preservatives are used in making McDonalds
fries.
Hygienic ingredients – The potatoes and other ingredients used in making of fries are
Allergen free – McDonalds fries are allergen free, only people allergic to soy beans
No Food Sensitivity – McDonalds fries are safe for food sensitive people
Vegetable oil used for frying – 100% pure vegetable oil is used for frying the fries and
Nutritional Value – Proper nutrition chart for McDonalds fries is available and they are
high in Vitamin C.
friendly conditions.
Recycled Packaging – Being environmental friendly, the packaging used for the fries and
Availability of Sizes – McDonalds fries come in different sizes including small, medium
and large.
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Competitive Review
McDonalds entered the phase of tough competition in early 2000’s when various other brands
like Burger King, Hardees and others came into existence. McDonalds had always had a healthy
competition with KFC nut when it comes to its fries, the competition is so immense now and
McDonalds has to maintain its quality to firmly hold its grip on the market.
Following is a detailed analysis of how the competitors are competing with McDonalds:
Sub Way: Sub way targets the diet conscious segment of people and provides them with healthy
and low calorie breads for their sandwiches and has made a name in industry. Sub way is also
doing a good job when it comes to desserts as Sub way cookies are loved by people. McDonalds
has healthy competition with Sub Way and takes the lead in Sales as McDonalds also offers Mc
Arabia for diet conscious people and McDonalds has flavor that makes people crave for
McDonalds.
KFC: KFC has always been the main competitor of McDonalds. KFC offers its products in
relatively cheap prices and has a variety of hamburgers like zinger, mighty zinger, etc. When it
comes to fries, KFC does not have the taste and quality that exists in McDonald’s fries and now,
KFC’s quality is reported to deteriorate and consumers are preferring other fast food chains over
OPTP: OPTP mainly deals in fries and offer a variety of fries for its customers. They have also
introduced a product line of hamburgers and when it comes to fries, OPTP has a name in market.
McDonalds has a lead over OPTP in the market but when it comes to fries, McDonalds has a
tough competition with OPTP has fries are a snack option at McDonalds and the main product at
OPTP.
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Hardees: Hardees commenced its business a few years ago and made profits. For now, hardees
cannot beat McDonalds in any field really because McDonalds has a name since 90’s. Although,
the curly fries offered at hardees have become a competitor for mcdonalds as they have attained
customer retention and loyalty on a large scale and people love to satisfy their hunger by
consuming hardees curly fries and their onion rings are liked by people too. They have also made
it easier for people to buy food by serving them and allowing them to order while sitting in their
car. But, McDonalds still has a lead over hardees whether it’s about fries or other meals.
Burger King: Burger king is also a main competitor for McDonalds. They got into a main
competition when burger King introduced their advertisement that had the slogan “Why eat with
the clown when you can dine with the King?” and it was a main tantrum thrown at McDonalds
by burger king. But burger king was alleged of using unhealthy ingredients and lost the customer
retention to some point after they admitted that they were using horse meat in some of their
products. McDonalds beats burger king by having no cases about unhealthy conditions and
always making its customers happy by providing them with healthy food.
McDonalds has its own restaurants in 120 countries. After making progress by leaps and bounds,
McDonalds is able to defeat its competitors by satisfying their customers by providing them their
Drive Thru: McDonalds also offers the service of drive thru, customers who are in a
hurry and cannot dine in can buy their products from drive thru while sitting in their cars
Free Home Delivery: McDonalds provides free home delivery to its customers whenever
needed. All the customers have to do it dial their hotline that is 11-12-44-622.
Strengths:
Mc Donald’s is the second largest restaurant network in the world. It’s 37,200 restaurants are
locations
subway 43772
McDonalds 37241
Starbucks 27339
https://www.strategicmanagementinsight.com/swot-analyses/mcdonalds-swot-analysis.html
Mc Donald’s is ranked first among the top 10 most valuable fast food brands worlds wide in
https://www.statista.com/statistics/273057/value-of-the-most-valuable-fast-food-brands-
worldwide/
Mc Donald’s has a large customer market and it occupies 19% of the market share. Mc Donald’s
fries are extremely popular and about 9 million pounds of fries are sold every day around the
globe
4) Trained managers
Special training is provided to the employees at the Hamburg University. Employees are
provided with 32 hours of training during their first month of employment. More than 80,000
5) Innovations in technology:
online app where customers can order their meals at promotional and discounted price. New
6) New production:
Mc Donald’s is considered the first to enter the fast food industry and the company continuously
Mc Donald’s restaurants operate successfully around the globe because they adapt to the
requirements of local market. For example Mc Donald’s offer lamb burger instead of beef and
Mc Donald’s has a strong position around the world; hence the company can influence the
Weaknesses:
1) Unhealthy food image: Mc Donald’s offer meals with more calories than nutrients,
2) Many competitors: There are so many firms that compete with Mc Donald’s directly
like Burger king, Kfc and Hardees. These companies introduce better quality fries and
3) Not competing in the pizza industry: Mc Donald’s tried to enter the pizza industry but
failed hence it’s not competing with the fast food pizza chains yet.
4) High employee turnover rate: Due to high work load and less salaries, many employees
6) Legal issues: Mc Donald’s face many legal issues, mostly related to trade mark.
Opportunities:
1) Growing fast food industry: People enjoy fast food and the fast food market is enlarging
around the globe. Mc Donald’s can benefit from this opportunity and increase its
revenue.
2) Attractive deals: Mc Donald’s should offer discounted meals in order to increase sales
3) Organic products with detailed nutrition chart: Organic products should be used.
This will attract the health conscious people and will improve the unhealthy food image
of Mc Donald’s.
introducing more and better quality products. More variation in fries will attract more
fries lovers
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Threats:
1) Fries are unhealthy: Deep fried french-fries are high in calories and create obesity.
People are more health conscious now and they avoid Mc Donald’s high calorie meals.
2) Aggressive competition: Mc Donald’s face direct completion from a number of fast food
3) Economic recession: Economic crisis in the international market can adversely affect the
https://www.statista.com/statistics/273057/value-of-the-most-valuable-fast-food-brands-
worldwide/
https://toughnickel.com/industries/McDonalds-SWOT-analysis-and-recommendations
https://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/innovation-and-technology-strategies-of-
mcdonalds-marketing-essay.php
McDonalds has always been concerned about their image in the market and to maintain that
image McDonalds has set the following objectives and is facing the following issues:
Objectives:
New Strategies: McDonalds always comes up with new, innovative and creative
strategies to keep its customers attracted to the brand and maintain the brand name.
Fresh Food and Simplicity: McDonalds aims for fresh quality food in a simple yet
irreplaceable way. All the ingredients used at McDonalds are fresh and hygienic.
friendly environment and being socially responsible to provide good return to its share
holders.
Issues:
immensely for McDonalds as fast food chains are making a huge name in the industry
and people are interested in every new brand launched in the market.
Disrupting eating habits: McDonalds deals in fast food but people are inclining more
towards their health these days and are becoming health conscious, this issue can
Price Sensitivity: McDonalds is price sensitive. It offers deals and tries to make its
products cheap but everyone cannot afford to eat mcdonalds every other day
Marketing Strategy
Marketing Mix:
Marketing Mix is referred as a foundation model that provides us with the information about
tools that a company uses to pursue its marketing objectives in target” (2011 October)
www.wikipedia.com .
Product
Place
Promotions
Price
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Product
Product is anything consumable made for use by the customers. Every product has a specific life
cycle and the lifecycle of a product can be showed by the following graph:
McDonalds is currently at the Maturity point where sales are on peak and company is making
Burgers
Fries
Snacks
Breakfast
Mc Café
Beverages
If we talk about our selected product that is McDonalds fries, McDonalds has maintained a
strong grip on customer retention by maintaining the taste of their fries and differentiating
their fries from the fries offered by their competitors in a way that makes McDonalds fries
the favorite fries of world as McDonalds fries are loved by people all around the world and
Product attributes:
Quality
Features
Quality:
McDonald’s fries are known for their perfect quality. McDonalds ensures us that the
product being provided is hygienic as you can even have a kitchen tour at McDonalds
and McDonalds is providing 100% halal products in Islamic countries that preserves the
undeniably really good as they have a bundle of people around the globe who prefer
McDonald’s fries over the fries offered by competitors. The quality of McDonalds fries
can be assessed by the nutritional value of the fries. The fries are fried in clean oil under
hygienic environment. People trust the quality provided by McDonalds due to no cases of
McDonalds being unhealthy. The ingredients being used are taken from the finest places
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that export/offer the required ingredient. The quality of food provided by McDonalds is
one of the main reason McDonalds is so profitable now and most people prefer
McDonalds over other firms. Following is the nutrition value provided by a medium
(www.fooducate.com )
Features:
A product can be offered by varying features. The main feature of fries from McDonalds is
the taste as they has crunchy yet soft fries with a different kind of salt that enhances the
flavor making the taste a major feature of fries. In Pakistan, McDonalds now offer different
kinds of fries including different features. The loaded fries at McDonalds provide the
BBQ flavor
Due to various features introduced in McDonalds fries, McDonalds holds a firm grip
in the market.
When it comes to customer value, Style and design play a vital role. McDonalds use a
simple yet attractive style when it comes to their fries. The design of packaging and
the style of dressing on fries make the customers crave for more. McDonalds design
its products in a fun way that says a lot about its slogan “I’m lovin’ it”
Product Category:
relatively inexpensive, people prefer McDonald’s fries but also accept substitutes.
Place
countries. McDonald’s fries and other products are easily available for people when
they need them. The most prominent places are where the company’s products are
distributed in a large number. Following channels are used by McDonalds to sell its
products through:
Outlets
Kiosks
Mobile app
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The service of kiosks is now offered in Pakistan as well to make it convenient for the
customers to select and buy the products. This supports the vision and mission of
McDonalds too.
Promotion
Promotion deals with how you promote your product and make people aware of the
existence of your company and attract the customers towards you. McDonalds uses the
Advertisements
Bill Boards
Sales promotion
Public relations
Direct Marketing
McDonalds promoted its new loaded fries by making innovative print ads and allowing
customers free testing of the fries that made the customers try the product and buy it in future.
Advertisements are most noticeable when it comes to McDonalds as they introduce different
advertisements according to occasions most of the times. When it comes about McDonalds fries,
we have a number of print ads that added to the revenue of McDonalds simply by attracting the
customers towards the fries. There Halloween fries print ads of McDonalds were loved by the
Price
To maximize sales profits and sales revenue, pricing strategies are set by companies. When
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Comes to McDonalds, the prices offered are neither too high nor too low. Following Pricing
discounted price so it is convenient for customers to gain more satisfaction and spend less
Happy meal
Share box
Psychological Pricing Strategy includes setting the prices in such a way that makes the customers
think that the products are more affordable. McDonalds uses psychological pricing strategy in
This makes the customer think that they are paying a lower amount whereas, they are almost
paying $2 for their large fries. In Pakistan, McDonalds offers a student package that offers
students fries and drink in just Rs.200/- so that adds to their marketing strategy as well.
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Action Programs
McDonalds has to maintain its name in the market, to maintain its brand name, McDonalds has
Budgets
McDonalds spends mostly on advertising. The budget estimated for advertisement in 2017
was $532.9 million. McDonalds earns millions on a daily basis but refuses to give out its
actual budget online or through any sources. But we can assume on thing for sure that
McDonalds has a huge Budget and is maintaining its brand name by spending wisely.
Controls
Audit effectively.
Be environmental friendly.
Goals
McDonald’s target five things in their goals and objectives and those five things cover up
their
all departments, which are of serving good food, keeping the environment as best as possible
and
Food
Sourcing
Planet
People
Community
Their goals regarding food is that they will be serving more hygiene and healthy food
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by using more of fruits, vegetables and low fat dairy or whole gains. This will be first
China, France, Germany, Japan, the U.K. and the U.S. one of their another goal
regarding food is to reduce the amount of salt and sugar plus the saturated fat and
calories across the menu by 2020 and that’s too in the above mentioned top nine
markets.
McDonald’s also have plans for sourcing and here the company wants to have 100%
of their coffee, fish and palm oil verified as sustainable production and it will be
production of beef with plans to develop goals and purchasing of verified and
McDonald’s have set goals to serve planet as well in good means, they have targeted
20% increase in energy efficiency of company owned restaurants in seven out of their
top nine markets excluding brazil and japan. They will also increase energy efficiency
by restaurants standards in their top nine markets with 50% recycling as well as
To serve people in best possible way the company also have plans for this, all the
hygiene and healthy food work is done to benefit people and they will be coming up
with more technologies to ease up things for their customers such as installing kiosks
McDonald’s faced a lot of critique regarding their food not been hygienic, they
now planned their strategies and goals in a way to overcome those critiques. One
of the way they planned was to improve their reputation in the industry. Now they
Now they want to promote their new initiatives to new potential customers, this
strategy will generate a positive relationship between existing customers and new
potential customers as this strategy will serve both the new and existing customers
and will give easy access to new market and will broaden the range of menu.
Their major focus will be on awareness, they will be increasing awareness among
people that they also have healthy alternatives to serve as well and their target will
mostly be the families and children under the age of 15. They will also create
smooth transition whenever they will try to increase positive attitude towards the
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They are also planning for growth targets and the idea regarding that is to win
advantages will serve as the critical framework, to become even bigger and better.
The McDonald's System has an infrastructure built for growth, and they are well-
positioned
to seize the sizable opportunities that exist in the Informal Eating Out industry. Today they
are investing in their people, their restaurants and their technology to capitalize on those
long-term opportunities that will make McDonald's even better and bigger in the future.
While the near-term environment is challenging, they are confident in their ability to create
long-term value for their customers, shareholders and the McDonalds System.
References
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by Kotler)
o www.mcdonaldsmenu.info
o www.wikipedia.com
o www.mcdonalds.com
o www.statistica.com
o www.google.com