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within every single cell each cell has a nucleus after transcription M RNAs move
out of the nucleus and enter the cytoplasm this M RNA strand acts as a template for
protein synthesis present in the cytoplasm is an enzyme amino acyl tRNA synthetase
the enzyme macro molecule has two binding sites one site recognizes the amino acid
meet your name this is followed by the binding of the ATP molecule and release of
pyrophosphate resulting in activation of amino acid finally the tRNA and the
activated amino acid bind together this amino acyl ated tRNA is known as met tRNA
and is released from the enzyme this marks the commencement of first stage of
protein synthesis the initiation stage during the a initiation stage a small
subunit of a ribosome binds to the mRNA strand the mRNA strand is made up of codons
which are sequences of three bases then the ribosome subunit moves along the mRNA
in five prime to Three prime direction until it recognizes the Aug codon or the
initiation codon at this point met tRNA possessing the anticodon UAC pairs up with
the Aug codon of the M RNA then a large subunit of ribosome combines with a small
ribosomal subunit the large subunit shows three sides the acceptor site or
the a site v Dial site or the P site the exit site or the e site this whole unit
forms the initiation complex this is
followed by the elongation
stage during this stage another tRNA carrying molecule of an amino acid approaches
the M RNA ribosome complex and fits in the a site then a bond is formed between
methionine and the amino acid molecule on the tRNA as a result met tRNA becomes D
isolated the ribosome then advances a distance of one codon and the D isolated tRNA
shifts to the east side from where it dissociates mean Y another tRNA carrying an
amino acid molecule attaches to the a site this is followed by the binding of the
amino acid molecules repetition of this process leads to the formation of an amino
acid chain this event is called elongation.
finally when the you AG codon or the stop codon reaches the a site elongation is
terminated termination is the last stage of protein synthesis the chain of amino
acid molecules is released from the ribosome this released amino acid chain is the
protein and this part of protein synthesis is known as translation then the tRNA
detaches from the mRNA ribosome detaches and dissociates into its small and large
subunits summary protein synthesis shows that the first stage involves the binding
of met tRNA to M RNA and the
small subunit of the ribosome the largest subunit of ribosome then combines with a
small subunit second stage is the elongation stage in this stage the incoming amino
acyl tRNA fits in the a site then a bond is formed between meth your line and the
amino acid molecule on the tRNA the process is repeated until a chain of amino acid
molecules is formed the last stage of protein synthesis is the termination stage
when the ribosome reaches the stop codon you AG elongation stops and the newly
formed amino acid chain which is
the protein macro molecule detaches from the ribosome subsequently Ragusa will
subunits along with the tRNA dissociate from the mRNA.
selama tahap ini yang lain membawa molekul asam amino yang mendekati kompleks M RNA
ribosome, dan cocok di tempat. kemudian sebuah ikatan dibentuk antara methionine
dan molekul asam amino pada tRNA sebagai hasil akhirnya bertemu tRNA menjadi
terisolasi. dari ribosom kemudian maju jauh dari satu codon dan pergeseran tRNA
yang memisahkan diri ke arah timur,dari di mana itu memisahkan diri berarti, Y lain
membawa sebuah molekul asam amino ke sebuah tempat yang diikuti oleh mengikat amino
tersebut .Molekul asam pengulangan proses ini menyebabkan terbentuknya sebuah
rantai asam amino yang disebut elongasi.
Subunit kecil dari ribosom yang merupakan subunit terbesar dari ribosom lalu
menggabungkan dengan sebuah tahap kedua adalah tahap demi tahap di tahap ini, amino
acyl tRNA yang masuk ke dalam sebuah tempat yang berarti sebuah ikatan dibentuk
antara meth anda dan molekul asam amino pada tRNA proses ini diulang hingga
serangkaian molekul asam amino terbentuk, tahap yang terakhir dari sintesis protein
adalah tahap penghentian ketika ribosome mencapai pemberhentian yang berhenti dan
yang baru dibentuk Rantai asam amino. Molekul-molekul protein macro dari ribosom
selanjutnya Ragusa akan berbundel bersama tRNA yang bersosialisasi dari mRNA.