Orifice Plate Calculator Pressure drop Calculations http://www.flowmeterdirectory.com/flowmeter_orifice_calc.

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(requires Java Runtime Environment http://java.com/en/download/index.jsp )

Explanation of used values

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Orifice Plate Calculator Pressure drop Calculations http://www.flowmeterdirectory.com/flowmeter_orifice_calc.html

D1 diameter of tube
D2 throat diameter Infrared Boiler
p1 upstream pressure Thermomet
p2 downstream pressure Infra-View
p1 - p2 pressure drop through orifice Thermometers are
ni kinematic viscosity
remote detectors to
mi dynamic viscosity
T upstream temperature penetrate any boiler
www.Infra-View.com
rho upstream density
R gas constant Mass Flow
kappa isentropic coefficient Instruments
Thermal and Coriolis
mass flow meters &
Resulting values
controllers for
Q volumetric flow rate gas/liquid
G mass flow rate www.bronkhorst.com
V1 upstream velocity
V2 throat velocity Siemens answers:
ReD upstream Reynolds number Efficient energy
e expansion coefficient
C coefficient of discharge
supply The world's
largest gas turbine.
www.siemens.com/answers

Theory
Galperti -
Calculation of flow rate using orifice plate calculator is for incompressible flow, based on the Bernoulli principle: Manufacturer
A Variety of Flanges
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Highest Quality
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where is: www.Galperti-am.com
p - pressure
rho - density ShaftDesigner
V - velocity The Shaft Calculation
g - gravitational constant (9.81 m/s2) Software for
z - geodetic height Modelling, Alignment
Assumption that pressure lost is negligible (pressure drop is obvious and included with coefficient of discharge which is and Vibration
www.shaftdesigner.com
introduced bellow):

and:

and if velocities substituted with flow rate:

where is: Q - volumetric flow rate

D - diametar

Pressure drop through the orifice because of velocity increase can be calculated as follows:

or:

Expressing flow rate from the previous equation leads to:

Substituting:

flow rate can be determined as:

where is:
C - coefficient of discharge
e - expansion coefficient

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Orifice Plate Calculator Pressure drop Calculations http://www.flowmeterdirectory.com/flowmeter_orifice_calc.html

Coefficient of discharge can be calculated using following equation (ISO):

where is:
beta - diameter relation D2/D1
ReD - Reynolds number which can be calculated as follows:

where is:
ni - kinematic viscosity
mi - dynamic viscosity

L1 and L2 are functions on tap type and it is:

L1=L2=0 for corner taps
L1=1 L2=0.47 for D & D/2 taps
L1=L2=0.0254/D D[m] for 1" taps

Expansion coefficient e can be calculated (for gases only):

where is:
kappa - isentropic coefficient; kappa = 1.4 for air and other two atom gas molecules

Other values are calculated using following equations:

mass flow:

velocities:

If flowing fluid is gas, then it is considered as incompressible and ideal. Equation for ideal gas:

can be used for calculation of temperature T:

as well as density rho:

where R is gas constant (R=287 J/kgK for air).

Appliance

Orifice plate calculator can be used for both liquids and gases. Fluid is considered as incompressible, so density (rho)
and temperature (T) are constant through tube. Also, gas is considered as ideal.
Units of measure are both in SI and English system.

Orifice plate calculator can be used for calculation of:

volumetric flow - Q
mass flow - G
velocity on inlet, bigger diameter - V1
velocity on smaller diameter - V2
Reynolds number on bigger diameter - ReD

For calculation of those values, necessary values for input are:

inlet, bigger diameter - D1

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Orifice Plate Calculator Pressure drop Calculations http://www.flowmeterdirectory.com/flowmeter_orifice_calc.html

smaller diameter - D2
inlet pressure - p1
either pressure on smaller diameter - p2, or pressure drop p1-p2
either kinematic viscosity - ni, or dynamic viscosity - mi
for gases only:
either temperature - T, or density - rho
gas constant - R
for liquids:
density - rho

Beside four values (Q, G, V1, V2), which calculation is main purpose of calculator, values that are not defined by user
are determined in process of calculation (for example: if pressure p1 and temperature T are specified for gas flow -
value for rho is calculated together with four main values (Q, G, V1, V2)). Also necessery coeffients: expansion - e and
discharge - C are calculated and results are shown.

Orifice plates and metering runs are popular because of

low cost . Orifice plates combined with differential
pressure transmitters are now commonly supplied as
complete flow measurement packages.

Multiport pressure transmitter manifold valves gives

options to operators for e.g to isolate , equalize and
vent the differential pressure transmitter. Orifice plates
and differential pressure measurement devices are
used to measure the flow of fluids such as steam, air,
gas and water. In natural gas transmission a familiar
type of orifice plate is the senior orifice plate. This
special design allows operators to remove and inspect
the orifice plate during normal pipeline operation. A
metering run, flow straightener may have to be installed
to correct the flow profile in custody transfer
applications or orifice plate applications that require
higher accuracy.

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