Assignment#4

Submitted By: Rao Hasher Khan

Registration No: BSMT01163037
Submitted To: Sir,Rana Asif
Subject: Heat Transfer
Semester: 8th

Submitted Date: 5/6/2020

Department of Mechanical Technology

What are Fins?
In the study of heat transfer, fins are surfaces that extend from an object to increase the rate of
heat transfer to or from the environment by increasing convection.The amount of conduction,

1|Page
convection, or radiation of an object determines the amount of heat it transfers. It can have any
cross-section area depending upon requirement and space available like circular, rectangular,
annular (most common) and taper circular.

How fins heat transfer from bike?

This study consist two type of motorcycle engine block, which is Modenas Kriss 110 and
Yamaha Lagenda 110z, as shown in Figure 2. This selection is necessitated caused to get the
differences of fin performance based on different brand. Engine block was designed with
different geometry based on brand of motorcycle. Besides that, shape and material of engine
block are considered.

Figure 1. Modenas Kriss 110 and Yamaha Lagenda 110z engine blocks.
Motorcycle engine releases heat to the atmosphere through the mode of force convection. To
solve this, fins are provided on the outer of the cylinder. The heat transfer rate is defined
depending on the velocity of vehicle, fin geometry and the ambient temperature. Increasing the
temperature difference between the object and the environment, increasing the convection heat
transfer coefficient, or increasing the surface area of the object increases the heat transfer. In
study of heat transfer, a fin is a surface that it is extends from an object to increase the rate of
heat transfer to or from the environment by increasing convection. The amount of conduction,
convection or radiation of an object determines the amount of heat transfer. Increasing the
temperature difference between the object and the environment, increasing the convection heat
transfer coefficient, or increasing the surface area of the object increases the heat transfer.
Sometimes it is not economical or it is not feasible to change the first two options. Adding a fin

2|Page
to an object, however, increases the surface area and can sometimes be an economical solution to
heat transfer problems. Motorcycle fin is designed with several type of it. It is constant area
straight fin, variable area straight fin, pin fin and annular fin. The reason of designing is
commonly to analysis the effect of the heat transfer wherein the type of design is one of the
factors that gave effect. The purpose of designing fin is to obtain the effectiveness of the fin.
Although the fins significantly increase heat transfer from the cylinder, considerable
improvement could still be obtained by increasing the number of fins. Besides that, the thickness
of fin, gap between fins are important in order the designing.

Types of Fins:

Figure 2. Type of Fins.

Describe any two (details):

1)Pin Fin:
Among existing heat-sink technologies, pin-fin heat sinks represent an efficient cooling solution.
They have a large surface area in relation to any other heat-sink volume. Also, the round pins and
pin spacing let blown air create a significant amount of turbulence between the pins. This breaks
up boundary layers around the pins, creating high convective thermal coefficiencies. In addition,
pin-fin heat sinks are made of highly thermally conductive aluminum alloys or copper.Pin-fin
heat sinks consist of a base and an array of embedded pins. Parameters such as base-plate
dimensions (both footprint and thickness), pin length, thickness and density, and material
(aluminum, copper, or copper-aluminum hybrids) fit most specifications. As a result, pin fins can
easily be customized to fit various applications depending on heat loads involved, available
space, and airflow.
The volumetric efficiency of pin fins is higher than most other heat-sink shapes. As a result,
pinfin heat sinks are significantly smaller and lighter compared to their cooling ability. In one
instance, switching to a pin fin heat sink while keeping the same 1 × 1-in. footprint dropped the
temperature by 10°C. In some instances, pin fins are two to 10 times more efficient than
extrusiontype heat sinks.
3|Page
 Figure 3. Pin Fin
2)Annular Fin:
In thermal engineering, an annular fin is a specific type of fin used in heat transfer that varies,
radially, in cross-sectional area. Adding an annular fin to an object increases the amount of
surface area in contact with the surrounding fluid, which increases the convective heat transfer
between the object and surrounding fluid. Because surface area increases as length from the
object increases, an annular fin transfers more heat than a similar pin fin at any given length.
Annular fins are often used to increase the heat exchange in liquid–gas heat exchanger systems.

Figure 4.Annular Fin

Applications of Fins:
1. Economizers of steam power plant
2. Heat exchangers of a wide variety,used in different industries
3. Cooling of electric motors,transformers etc.

4|Page
4. Cooling of electronic equipments I.C.Boards,Chips
5. For cooling of I.C engines and air compressors

5|Page