Q: A light rod is placed on a smooth horizontal surface .

Initially , the end A begins to move vertically

upward with constant velocity v0 and centre of the rod upward with a velocity v0
2 having downward acceleration a0
2 , the other end moves downward with :

[A] zero initial velocity having zero acceleration

[B] zero initial velocity having a0 acceleration
[C] non-zero initial velocity having zero acceleration
[D] none of the above

vQ: A light rod is placed on a smooth horizontal surface . Initially , the end A begins to move
vertically upward with constant velocity v 0 and centre of the rod upward with a velocity v0

2 having downward acceleration a0

2 , the other end moves downward with :

[A] zero initial velocity having zero acceleration

[B] zero initial velocity having a0 acceleration
[C] non-zero initial velocity having zero acceleration
[D] none of the above

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   Few MCQs testing rotation's concepts « 

posted on 5 Apr 2007 11:07:07 IST    710 views    4 comments
Tagged with:  rotation   mcqs   academic    15 Nickels award
Problem 1 About the A
A sphere is set to roll on a horizontal surface. However, the sphere gradually decelerates to a stop. In this case, the friction Manasi (451
: 
(a)acts in the direction of motion
Forum Expert
(b)acts in the opposite direction of motion  
(c)accelerates sphere in rotation
(d)decelerates sphere in rotation 
Solution 1 
There is no external force on the sphere. The sphere is rolled and as such it should continue rolling without sliding at a
constant velocity. However, rolling is not pure rolling as friction appears (even though there is no external force) to
decelerate the sphere to a stop. The friction, therefore, acts in the opposite direction of motion.
 
A solid sphere rolls along a horizontal plane

total posts: 20
 Offline

Figure 1: The friction acts in the opposite direction of motion.

 
From the figure, it is clear that friction constitutes a clockwise torque that acts to accelerate sphere in rotation.
Hence, options (b) and (c) are correct.

 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
Problem 2 
In the front wheel driven car, 
(a)friction at the rear wheel is in the direction of motion  
(b)friction at the rear wheel is in the opposite direction of motion  
(c)friction at the front wheel is in the direction of motion  
(d)friction at the front wheel is in the opposite direction of motion
Solution 2
The engine imparts torque to the front wheel to rotate. Friction converts angular acceleration into linear acceleration by
providing a translational force to accelerate and a torque to counteract angular acceleration. The two functions as outlined
here dictate that friction is in the direction of motion.
 
The wheel rolls in forward direction
 Figure 2: The friction acts in the direction of motion at the
front wheel.
 
The translation of car, now, pulls the rear wheel to translate as well. Friction, here, converts linear acceleration into angular
acceleration - by providing a torque to impart angular acceleration and a translation force to decelerate the wheel in
translation. The two functions as outlined here dictate that friction is in the opposite direction of motion.
 
The wheel rolls in forward direction

Figure 3: The friction acts in the opposite direction of motion

at the rear wheel.
Hence, options (b) and (c) are correct.
 
 
-----------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
Problem 3 
A sphere can roll on 
(a)a smooth horizontal plane
(b)a smooth incline plane 
(c)a rough horizontal plane
(d)a rough incline plane 
Solution 3
Rolling at constant velocity does not require external force and friction. Hence, a circular body can roll on a smooth
horizontal plane with constant velocity. In the case of an incline, gravity works on the body through the center of mass to
impart acceleration. This forms the external force to cause linear acceleration.
For a smooth incline, there is no friction. The external component of gravity along the direction of incline pulls the sphere in
translation. As such, smooth incline can not support accelerated rolling. On the other hand, rough horizontal plane and
incline both support rolling by applying friction.
Hence, options (a), (c) and (d) are correct.
You have to be logged on to rate
  comment by Manasi      (posted on 5 Apr 2007 18:04:14 IST)

    cmmon guys atleast comment sth!!!

 comment by Sanchay Gupta      (posted on 5 Apr 2007 18:16:13 IST)

    its gr88
 comment by tanvi586      (posted on 5 Apr 2007 19:01:12 IST)

  its wonderful
 
excellent clarification
 comment by aman      (posted on 5 Apr 2007 21:57:11 IST)

    very gud

Vvv

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NARA
YANA
INSTITUTE OF
CORRESPONDE
NCE COURSES
Physics :
Rotation
al
Motion
2
2
2
2
 2
a
ma

=
 =


I
m
(
)
 2
26
10
12.338
10
1.3 10
2
−
−
=×
×
××
=
-46
 2
1.98×1
0 kgm.
Since,
KE =
2
12Iω ,
2KE
I
ω=
(substit
uting
the
values)
.
12
-1
6.36×1
0 rads
=
Illustr
ation
7.
Three
point -
masses
2 kg, 3
kg and
7 kg
are
locate
d at
the
vertice
s of an
equilat
eral
triangl
e of
side
6m.
What
is the
momen
t of
inertia
of the
system
about
an axis
along
an
altitud
e of
the
triangl
e
passin
gthrou
gh the
2 kg
mass?
Soluti
on :
Mome
nt of
inertia
 about
altitude
AD is
(
2
)
1
 1
distanc
eof
from
Im
m
AD
m
=×
+
 2
DAD
×(
2
)
2
distanc
e of
from
m
A
(
 )
+×
2
 3
3
distanc
eof
from
m
m
()
()
2
2
1
2
3
0
 m
m
BD
 m
CD
= ×+
×
+×
2
2
2
3
0
2
2
a
a
m
m


=+ ×
+




(
)
(
)
2
2
2
3
6
37
4
4
a
m
m
=+
=
+
=
.
 2
90kg
m
A
 B
D
6m
C
m= 2kg
1

m= 3kg
2

m= 7kg
3
Radi
us of
Gyrat
ion:
 The
radius
of
gyratio
n of a
body
about a
certain
axis is
given
byk,
which
 is
related
to the
momen
t of
inertiaI
aboutth
e same
axis by
 the
relatio
n,
Im.
2
k
=
Illustr
ation
8.
 Find
the
radius
 of
gyratio
n of a
unifor
m rod
of
length
and
massm 
 about
an axis
passin
 g
throug
h
 the
centre
of
mass
of the
rod
 and
makin
g an
angleθ 
with
 the
rod.

Soluti
on :
 The
momen
t of
inertia
of the
rod
about
the
given
 axis
can be
easily
found
by
integra
tion :
I=
(
)
2
 2
2
sin
mdx x
−


θ






∫

2
2
1
 sin
12m
m
 =
θ=

 2
k
sin
23 θ

=
k
 .
Paral
lel
axis
Theo
rem :
 The
momen
t of
inertia
of a
rigid
body
about
any
given
axis
equals
 the
momen
t of
inertia
about a
parallel
axis
passing
throug
h its
centre
of
mass
 plus
the
momen
 t of
inertia
of a
particle
of
equal
mass
about
the
given
axis :
.
2
axis
CM
I
I
Md
=
+
 CM
d
Mass =
M
Parallel
axis
Axis of
rotation
Here,
M is
the
mass
of the
body
andd is
the
distanc
 e
betwee
n the
 two
axes.
FNS
House,
63, Kalu
Sarai
Market,
Sarvapri
 ya
Vihar,
New
Delhi-
 
110016  
Ph.:
(011)
3200113
 1,
3200113
2, Fax :
(011)
4182832
0
8
Physics :
Rotation
al
Motion
NARA
YANA
INSTITUTE OF
CORRESPONDE
NCE COURSES
Illustr
ation
9.
Four
solid
sphere
s, each
of
massm 
and
radiusr 
are
locate
d with
their
centres
on four
corner
s of
asquar
e of
sidea.
What
is the
momen
t of
inertia
of the
system
about
an axis
(a)
along
any
diagon
aland
(b)
along
any
side of
the
square
?
Soluti
on :
(a)Refe
r to the
adjace
 nt
figure.
 The
momen
t of
 inertia
of
spheres
A andB 
about
their
commo
n
diamet
er
2
25
AB
mr
=
 each.
Also
the
momen
t of
inertia
ofspher
esC an
dD abo
ut an
axis
passing
throug
h their
centre
andpar
allel to
2
 a
AB=
 .From
the
parallel
 axis
theore
m, the
momen
t of
inertia
 of
spheres
C and
D abou
t
diagon
alAB is
a
m
m
m
m
()
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
5
5
5
2
 a
mr
m CO
mr
m
mr
ma

+
=
+
=
+


2
12
.
Hence
the
momen
 t of
inertia
(MI) of
 the
system
of four
spheres
about
diagon
alAB is
MI
AB
I
=
ofC ab
out AB
+ MI
ofB ab
outAB
 +
MIof 
Cabout 
AB +
MIof 
D abou
t AB.
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
5
5
5
2
5
2
mr
mr
mr
ma
mr
ma
=
+
+
+
+
 +
2
2
85mr
ma
=
+
2
2
8
5r
m
a


=
+




.
(b)Mo
ment
of
inertia
of
sphere
A abou
t
side A
 D
= mom
ent of
inertia
of
sphere
D abou
t
side
2
25
AD
mr
=
. Using
the
parallel
 axis
theore
m,
momen
t of
inertia
 of
sphere
C
about 
AD
= mom
ent of
inertia
of
sphere
B abou
t
2
25
AD
mr
ma
=
+
2
.Henc
e the
momen
t of
inertia
 of the
system
of four
spheres
about
sideA
 AD
D isI  
= MI
ofA ab
out
 AD +
MI
of Dab
out A
D + MI
of Bab
out A
D + MI
of Cab
out A
D
2
2
 8
2
5mr
ma
=
+
2
2
8
2
5r
m
a


=
+




.
Perp
endic
ular
axis
Theo
rem:
The
momen
t of
inertia
of a
plane
lamina
about
an axis
perpen
dicular
tothe
plane
of the
lamina
is
equal
to the
sum of
its
momen
ts of
inertia
aboutt
wo
mutual
ly
perpen
dicular
concur
rent
axes
passing
throug
h the
plane
ofthe
lamina
:
.
z
x
I
I
I
y
=+
 x
y
zO
 NOTE
Rememb
er that
the
perpendi
cular
axis
theorem
does not
apply to
three
dimensio
 nal
objects
but only
to two
dimensio
nal
objects
or,
lamina.
 FNS
House,
63, Kalu
Sarai
Market,
Sarvapri
ya
Vihar,
 New
Delhi-

110016  
Ph.:
 (011)
3200113
1,
3200113
2, Fax :
(011)
4182832
0
9
NARA
YANA
INSTITUTE OF
CORRESPONDE
NCE COURSES
Physics :
Rotation
al
Motion
Table
of
mom
ents
of
inerti
a:
Expres
sion
for
momen
t of
inertia
 of
bodies
of
regular
shapes
about
particu
lar
axes of
rotatio
n:
Shape
of
body
Axis of
Rotati
on
passin
g
throug
h
Expres
sion
for
Mome
nt of
Inertia
 1.
Circula
r ring
 of
mass
 Mand
radius 
R
(i)
centre,
perpen
dicular
 to
plane
of ring
(ii) any
diamet
er
(iii)any
tangent
in the
 plane
of ring
(iv)any
tangent
perpen
dicular
to
 plane
of ring
2
MR
2
(1/2)MR
 2
(3/2)MR
2
2MR
2.
Circula
r disc
 of
mass
 Mand
radius 
R
(i)
centre,
perpen
dicular
 to
plane
of disc
(ii) any
diamet
er
(iii)tan
gent in
the
plane
of the
disc
(iv)tan
gent
perpen
dicular
to
plane
of disc
2
(1/2)MR
2
(1/4)MR
2
(5/4)MR
 2
(3/2)MR
3.
Sphere
of
massM 
and
radius
R
(i)
 any
diamet
er
 (ii)any
tangent
plane
 2
(2/5)MR
2
(7/5)MR
4.
Cylind
er of
massM
,
radius
R and
length
L
(i)
 own
axis
(ii)cent
re
perpen
dicular
to
length
(iii)end
faces
and to
length
 2
(1/2)MR
2
2
4
12
 R
L
M

+




2
2
4
3
R
L
M

+




5.
 One
dimens
ional
rod
 of
massM 
 and
length
L
 (i)
centre
of rod
and to
length
(ii)one
end
and to
length
2
ML /12
2
ML /3
6.
Rectan
gular
lamina
ofmass
M,
length
L andb
readth
B
(i)
length
of
lamina
and in
its
plane
(ii)brea
dth of
lamina
and in
its
plane
(iii)cen
tre of
lamina
 and
parallel
to
length
or
breadth
in its
plane
(iv)cen
tre of
lamina
and to
its
plane
(v)cent
re of
length
and to
its
plane
(vi)cen
tre of
breadth
andto
its
plane
 2
MB /3
2
ML /3
2
2
or
12
12
MB
ML
2
 2
12
LB
M

+




2
2
12
3
L
B
M

+




2
2
3
12
 L
B
M

+




7.
Rectan
gular
block
of
mass
 anddi
mensio
ns as
follows
:Lengt
h ,
breadth
 and
height
MH
L
B
(i)
centre
of
block
and
parallel
toone
edge
(length
of
breadth
orheig
ht)
(ii)end
face
and
parallel
to
lengtho
r
breadth
or
height
of
the blo
ck
2
2
 12
B
H
M

+




or
2
2
12
H
 L
M

+




or
2
 2
12
LB
M

+




2
2
3
12
H
B
M

+




or
2
2
3
 12
L
H
M

+




or
2
2
3
12
 B
L
M

+




.
 FNS
House,
63, Kalu
Sarai
Market,
Sarvapri
ya
Vihar,
 New
Delhi-

110016  
Ph.:
 (011)
3200113
1,
3200113
2, Fax :
(011)
4182832
0
10
Physics :
Rotation
al
Motion
NARA
YANA
INSTITUTE OF
CORRESPONDE
NCE COURSES
Illustr
ation
10.The
momen
t of
inertia
 of a
unifor
m
circula
r disc
of
massM 
and
radius
R abo
ut its
axis is
2
1MR
2
.
 What
is the
momen
 t of
inertia
of the
 disc
about
(i) a
diamet
er (ii)
an axis
tangen
tial to
its
circum
ferenc
e?
Soluti
on :
 The
momen
t of
inertia
of the
disc
 about
its axis
is
2
12MR
. Let us
consid
er two
perpen
dicular
diamet
 ers,
one
along
 thex-
axis
and the
other
along
 they-
axis.
Then ,I
I
x
y

=
(i)
Accord
ing to
the
theore
m of
perpen
dicular
axes,
the
momen
t of
inertia
of the
disc
 about
an axis
passing
throug
h its
centre
 and
normal
to its
plane
is
given
by
I
I
or
C
x
I
y
=+
2
1
2
2
x
MR
I
=
or
2
14
x
I
M
=
 R.
(ii)Sinc
e the
disc is
unifor
m, its
centre
of
mass
coincid
es with
its
centre.
Theref
ore, the
momen
t of
inertia
of the
disc
about
an axis
tangent
ial to
 its
circum
ference
is
I
I
2
t
CM
Md
=
+
=
+
2
CM
I
MR
2
 2
12MR
MR
=
+
2
2MR
3
=
 .
Illustr
ation
11.Fin
d the
momen
 t of
inertia
of an
arc of
a ring
of
radius
R,
given
 that
the arc
subten
 ds an
angleθ 
at the
center
of the
ring
and
the
mass
 of the
arc
ism an
 d the
axis is
along
 the
line
joining
center
of the
ring
 and
the
midpoi
nt of
the
arc.
Soluti
on :
 We
take a
small
elemen
t of the
arc
betwee
n the
angular
positio
nsφ an
dφ +
 dφ,
having
a
massd
m =λ.
R dφ,
where
λ  =
mass
per
 unit
length.
Then,
 the
momen
 t of
inertia,
I=
2
 2
2
in )
R
d
θ
−θ
φ
(s
∫
m
=
2
2
2
0
sin .)
R
R
θ
2(
d
φλ
φ
∫
=
2
3
2
0
in
R
d
θ
 λ
2
sφφ
∫
=
3
 1
sin
4
R
λ×
θ−θ
2
(
.
 )
Since,
m
 R
λ= θ
∴
2
1
si
1
 2
I
mR
θ


=
−


θ


n
.
θ
Α
Β
P
φ
Ο
dm
C
 R
Note:Th
e
momen
t of
inertia
 about
an axis
perpen
dicular
to this
axis,
lying
in the
plane
 of the
ring, is
1
2
1
si
1
2
 I
mR
θ

=
+

θ


n.
We
obtain
 this
using
the
perpen
dicular
axis
theore
m.
FNS
House,
63, Kalu
Sarai
Market,
Sarvapri
 ya
Vihar,
New
Delhi-
 
110016  
Ph.:
(011)
3200113
 1,
3200113
2, Fax :
(011)
4182832
0
11
NARA
YANA
INSTITUTE OF
CORRESPONDE
NCE COURSES
Physics :
Rotation
al
Motion
TOR
QUE
 The
torque
due to
a force
(or,
forces)
describ
es the
tenden
cy of
the
force
 to
cause
rotatio
n or
alter
 the
state of
rotatio
nal
motion
of the
body
on
which
it acts.
Torque
due to
a
force 
 acting
atA abo
ut an
axis is
given
by,
F
τ=

,
A
r
F
 
×

wherer 
is the
positio
 n
vector
of the
point
A
where
 the
force F
acts on
 the
body.
The
origin
of
coordi
nates is
chosen
to lie
on the
 axis.
Newto
n’s
second
law
leads
 to the
express
ion,
A
 
I
τ=  α
whereI 
may be
treated
like a
scalar
for
symme
tric
bodies
and the
axis of
rotatio
 n is
parallel
 to an
axis of
symme
try.
PROBL
EM
SOLVIN
G
TECHN
IQUES
 The
general
approach
to
 solving
complex
problems
involvin
 g rigid
body
motion is
summari
 sed
below.
(i)
Draw a
Free
Body
Diagram
(FBD).
(ii)
 Select
coordinat
es for
describin
 g the
motion
of each
body,
 and
identify
the
constrain
ts, if any.
Include
pseudo-
forces in
 the
diagram,
if
required.
 (iii)
Apply
Newton’
s
2nd Law
of
motion
 to each
body:
For
rotation,
 take the
net
torque
due to all
 the
forces,
about an
axis
passing
through
the
centre-
of-mass
and
apply ,
=I .
net

τ
 α
In case
of pure
rotation,
 it is
convenie
nt to take
the net
 torque
about the
axis of
actual
rotation
instead
of
 the
centre of
mass.
(iv)
Solve all
the
equation
s in steps
 (ii) and
(iii) for
the
unknown
quantitie
s, taking
care to
perform
appropri
ate
checks.
(v)
 Use
kinemati
cs, if
velocitie
 s and
displace
ments
are
required
to be
found in
 the
problem.
Illustr
ation
12.Tw
o
masses 
 m1 =
15
kg and
 m2 =
10
kg are
attach
ed to
the
ends of
a cord
which
passes
over
the
pulley
of an
Atwoo
d’s
machi
ne.
The
mass
of the
pulley
 is M=
10
kg and
 its
radius
isR
 = 0.1
m.
Calcul
ate the
tension
in the
cord,
the
accele
ration
a of
the
system
and
the
numbe
r of
revolut
ions
made
by the
pulley
at
theend
of2 sec
onds
from
the
start.
There
is
sufficie
nt
frictio
n
toprev
ent
slippin
g
betwee
n the
cord
and
the
pulley.
(Take g
= 9.8
2
m/s )
 R
Mmg
2
2
T
 2
m
mg
1

a
 1
m
1
T
Soluti
on :
 The
figure
shows
 an
Atwoo
d’s
machin
e. As
the
pulley
has a
finite
 mass,
the two
tension
s
andTar
e not
equal.
Ifa be
the
linear
acceler
ation
of the
system
, then
accordi
ng to
Newto
n’s
 laws,
we get,
1
T
 2
mg
… (i)
1
 1
1
T ma
−=
Tm
… (ii)
2
2
 2
g ma
−
 =
Net
torque
on the
pulley
in the
clockw
ise
directi
on,
=−
… (iii)
(
)
 1
2
T TR
 We
know
that,
Torque
=
Mome
 nt of
inertia
×  Ang
 ular
acceler
ation
=×
Iα
 FNS
House,
63, Kalu
Sarai
Market,
Sarvapri
ya
Vihar,
 New
Delhi-

110016  
Ph.:
 (011)
3200113
1,
3200113
2, Fax :
(011)
4182832
0
12
Physics :
Rotation
al
Motion
NARA
YANA
INSTITUTE OF
CORRESPONDE
NCE COURSES
where,
2
12MR
=
I
and
Linear
acceler
ation
R
a
R
 =
α=
.
 2
1
rque2
a
MR
R
=
 ×
To
… (iv)
 From
equatio
n (iii)
 and
(iv),
we get
(
)
1
2
12
TT
Ma
−=
… (v)
Adding
equatio
n (i)
and (ii)
, we
have
(
)
.
 (
)(
1
2
1
2
1
2
m mg
mma
TT
−
=
 +
+− )
 )
Substit
uting
 the
value
of(
 from
equatio
 n (v),
we get,
1
2
TT
−
(
)
(
)
1
2
1
 2
12
m mg
m ma
Ma
−
=
+
+
(
)
1
2
1
2
12
m mg
a
mm
M
−
++
 ∴
=
… (vi)
Given
that,
m
k
and M
= 10
kg
1
 2
15 ,
10
gm
k
=
=
g
(
)
 25
109.8
15 10 5
−×
=
++
∴
α
.
 From
equatio
 n
(i),T m
(
)
1
1
1
 1
g ma
mg a
=
−
=
−
=
.
(
 )
15
9.81.63
 −
122.55
N
=
 From
equatio
n (ii),T
m(
)
2
2
ga
=
+
=×
.
(
 )
109.8
1.63
 +
114.3N
=
Angula
r
acceler
ationα
=
radian/
s
16.3
2
 (
2
)( )
116.3 2
32.6
2
θ=
 =
radians
.
Numbe
r of
revolut
ions
∴
32.6
2
 =
=π
5.2.
Illustr
ation
13.A
unifor
m
cylinde
 r of
radius
R and
massM 
can
rotate
freely
about
a
station
ary
horizo
ntal
axisO 
(see
figure)
. A thin
cord of
length
 and
massm 
is
wound
on the
cylinde
r in a
single
layer.
Find
the
angula
raccel
eration
of the
cylinde
r as a
functio
n of
the
lengthx 
of the
hangin
gpart
of the
cord.
The
wound
part of
the
cord
may be
suppos
ed to
have
itscent
re of
gravity
on the
cylinde
r-axis.
 x
FNS
House,
63, Kalu
Sarai
Market,
Sarvapri
 ya
Vihar,
New
Delhi-
 
110016  
Ph.:
(011)
3200113
 1,
3200113
2, Fax :
(011)
 4182832
0
13
IIT Class XI Phy Rotation Motion
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