CERVANTES, NONIE BETH G.

Subject: Priciples of Teaching

Activity Sheet # 2
TOPIC: Teaching-Learning process

Discuss briefly the following:

1.   Discuss teaching as the process in curriculum.
Answers:
No one can say with certainty what constitutes a good teaching because
of the changing paradigms and several definitions have evolved based on the
theories of teaching and learning. Effective learning is one that will bring about
the intended learning outcome. It is an organization of meaningful learning. It
is creating a situation or selecting life-like situation to enhance learning. It is
showing telling, giving instruction, making someone understand in order to
learn. To the tradistionalist, it is imparting knowledge and skills required to
master a subject matter. On the other hand, for the progressivist, teaching is a
process that enables the learner to learn on his own.

2.   What can you understand about teaching. Discuss the teaching

process.
Answers:
Teaching is a two way process. One must go in with an open mind and be
willing to learn from their students, as well as teach them.Teaching is a
learning process. If we want to keep teaching effectively, we have to keep
learning.
Therefore, teaching is fundamentally a process, including planning,
implementation, evaluation. The first one is the planning phase which includes
decision like what are the needs of the learners, goals and objectives, content
to be taught, motivation and strategies most fit to carry out the goals and
evaluation process in measuring learning outcomes. The second one is
Implementation Phase, which means to put it into action the different activities
in order to achieve the objectives. And lastly the Evaluation Phase, which
answers the question if plans and implementation have been successfully
achieved. A continuous process of feedback and reflection is made in this
three phases of teaching.
3.   Discuss the two principal types of the learning process.
Answers:
The two principal types of Learning process is Behavioral learning theory
and Cognitive Learning Theory. The first one is Behavioral Learning Theory
which is concerned with observable results. It does not take into account
student thoughts or feelings. Instead, it relies on stimuli, things that provoke
reactions, and responses, the reaction to stimuli. Behavioral learning theory
assumes that if students are given the right stimulus, then the students will
give you the response you want. 
The second one is Cognitive Learning Theory which implies that the
different processes concerning learning can be explained by analyzing the
mental processes first. It posits that with effective cognitive processes,
learning is easier and new information can be stored in the memory for a long
time. On the other hand, ineffective cognitive processes result to learning
difficulties that can be seen anytime during the lifetime of an individual.

4.  Discuss how teaching and learning in the curriculum complement and
supplement each other.
Answers:
Teaching is the cause and effect of Learning. One cannot succeed with
support or success of the other. Teaching style of the teacher should jibe with
the learner’s learning styles. Learner is the center of the teaching. Knowledge
of the learner and his learning style should be considered. Learners become
complex individuals capable of learning on their own, the repertoire of
teaching should also increase.
5.  Name some teaching method & strategies that can be clustered according
to the number of students being taught.
Answers:
Different teaching method and strategies can be clustered according to
the number of students being taught. For larger group teaching, methods
like lecture, expository, panel discussion, seminar, forum, demonstration or
combination of lecture demo are appropriate. For smaller group, role
playing, buzz session, workshop, process approach, discovery learning,
cooperative learning. For individualized teaching, modular instruction, e-
teaching and programmed instruction. There are also Traditional Teaching
Method like inductive, deductive method and others. Another one is the
Improved Teaching Methods such as integrative technique, discovery
approach, process approach and others.