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Mathematics
First Quarter – Week 2
Describe the Relationship between the Coefficients and
the Roots of a Quadratic Equation
At the end of this module you will also find:

Reference This is a list of all sources used in developing this

exemplar.

What I Need to Know

In this exemplar, you will be able to find the sum and product of the roots of quadratic
equations. The scope of this exemplar enables you to use it in many different learning
situations. The activities are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.

Most Essential Learning Competency:

Describes the relationhip between the Coefficients and the Roots of a Quadratic Equation.
(M9AL – Ic – 2)
Sub-Competency
Sum and Product of the Roots of Quadratic Equation.

Objectives
After going through this exemplar, you are expected to:

A. Knowledge: recall the standard form of the quadratic equation and the values
of a, b, and c;

B. Skills: use numerical coefficients to find the sum and product of the roots of a
quadratic equation; and

C. Attitude: show correctness in writing the quadratic equation with integral

coefficients whose sum and product of roots are given.

Duration: Two (2) days

Portfolio Goal Setting

Using the Portfolio Assessment Template provided by your teacher along with this
exemplar, accomplish now your weekly goal setting. Refer to the objectives above. Think of
positive and realistic goals that you can considerably achieve with this exemplar. List them as
your plans. Remember: Do not proceed with this exemplar unless you have accomplished
your goal setting.

What I Know
Find My Sum and Product!

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 A. Direction: Perform the indicated operation.

1. 5 + 13 = _____
2. (8)(15)= _____
3. (-6) + (-15) = _____

4. ( −35 )+ 101 = _____

5. ( −56 )( −26 ) = _____

Find My Roots!

B. Direction: Find the roots of each of the following quadratic equations using any
method.

1. 4x2 + 16x + 15 = 0
2. r2 + 2r – 8 = 0
3. 3m2 – 8m -4 = 0
4. s2 – 5s + 6 = 0
5. 2x2 + 8x = 0

What is It

This module helps you assessing your knowledge of the different mathematics
concepts previously studied and your skills in performing mathematical operations. These
knowledge and skills will help you understand the sum and the product of quadratic equation.

How to find the sum and the product of quadratic equation?

Answer: To find the sum and the product of quadratic equation follow the steps.

1. Write the quadratic equation to standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0, if necessary.

2. Determine the values of a, b, and c.
3. Substitute the values.

If x1 and x2 are the roots of the quadratic equation ax 2 +

bx + c = 0, then

−b c
x1 + x2 = and x1 ∙ x2 =
a a
4. To check, find the roots using any method then substitute to:
x1 + x2 and x1 x2

Example: Determine the sum and the product of the roots of quadratic equation x2 + 3x = 10

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 Solution:

a. Write the quadratic equation to standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0.

x2 + 3x – 10 = 0 x2 + 3x – 10 = 0

b. Determine the values of a, b, and c.

x2 + 3x – 10 = 0 a=1b=3 c = -10

c. Substitute the values.

Sum of the roots Product of the roots

−b −(3) c −10
x1 + x2 = = = -3 x1 x2 = = = -10
a 1 a 1

d. To check, find the roots using any method then substitute to:
x1 + x2 and x1 ∙ x2

x2 + 3x – 10 = 0
(x + 2) (x – 5) = 0
x+2=0 x–5=0
x1 = -2 x2 = 5

The roots of the quadratic equation x2 + 3x – 10 = 0 are -2 and 5.

If x1 and x2 are the roots of the quadratic equation x2 + 3x – 10 = 0. Then the sum and
the product of its roots are as follows:

Sum of the roots : x1 + x2 = -2 + 5 = -3

Product of the roots : x1 ∙ x2 = (-2)(5) = -10

How to find the roots of the quadratic equation using the values of a, b, and c?

Answer: To find the sum and the product of quadratic equation follow the steps.

a. Write the quadratic equation to standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0.

x2 + 7x – 18 = 0 x2 + 7x – 18 = 0

b. Determine the values of a, b, and c.

x2 + 7x – 18 = 0 a=1b=7 c = -18

c. Substitute the values.

Sum of the roots Product of the roots

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 −b −(7) c −18
x1 + x2 = = = -7 x1 ∙ x2 = = = -18
a 1 a 1

d. To check, find the roots using any method then substitute to:
x1 + x2 and x1 ∙ x2
2
x + 7x – 18 = 0
(x + 9) (x – 2) = 0
x+9=0 x–2=0
x1 = -9 x2 = 2

The roots of the quadratic equation x2 + 7x – 18 = 0 are -9 and 2.

If x1 and x2 are the roots of the quadratic equation x2 + 7x – 18 = 0. Then the sum and
the product of its roots are as follows:

Sum of the roots : x1 + x2 = -9 + 2 = -7

Product of the roots : x1 x2 = (-9) (2) = -18

How to write equation where the roots are given?

Answer: To write equation where the root are given, follow the steps:

1. Find the sum and the product of the roots.

2. Substitute the sum and the product of the roots to the form:

b c
x2 + x + = 0, then x2 – ( sum of roots)x + (product of roots) = 0
a a

Example: Write a quadratic equation whose roots are 6 and -5.

a. Sum of the roots : x1 + x2 = 6 + (-5) = 1

Product of the roots : x1 ∙ x2 = (6) (-5) = -30

b. x2 – ( sum of roots)x + (product of roots) = 0

Answer: x2 – x – 30 = 0

What I Can Do 1

Forget Me Not!

Directions: Write the following quadratic equations in standard form. Then identify the
values of a, b, and c.

Quadratic Equation Standard Form a b C

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 1. 6x2 + 11x – 35 = 0
2. 2x2 – 4x = 2
3. x2 – x = 3
4. 4x2 + 81 = 0
5. x2 + 2x = -8
6. x2 – 12x = -36
7. (x + 3) (x – 1) = 0
8. 2x2 = -9x + 5
9. (x + 3)2 = 5
10. x2 + 7x = -12

What I Can Do 2

My Sum and Product!

Direction: Use the numerical coefficients to find the sum and the product of the roots of a
quadratic equation.

Quadratic Equation Sum Product

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1. x + 5x + 6 = 0
2. x2 + 2x – 3 = 0
3. 3x2 + 2x = 1
4. x2 + 15x + 56 = 0
5. x2 – 2x – 8 = 0
6. 2x2 – 3x – 2 = 0
7. x2 + 2x – 6 = 0
8. x2 + 10x – 24 = 0
9. x2 + x + 12 = 0
10. 2x2 + 7x + 4 = 0

What I Can Do 3

This is My Equation!

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Direction: Write the quadratic equation given the sum and the product of the roots.

Sum of the Roots Product of the Roots Quadratic Equation

1. -4 3
2. -2 -3
3. -4 -21
4. -3/2 -1
5. 10/3 -8/3
6. -2 3/4
7. 2/3 -8/9
8. ¾ -9/8
9. 19/10 3/5
10. 3/2 0

What I Have Learned

Directions: Read what is asked. Then, write the letter that corresponds to the
correct answer.

1. What are the sum and the product of the roots of 2x2 - 6x – 7 = 0
A. Sum = 3 C. Sum = -3
Product = 7/2 Product = -7/2
B. Sum = -3 D. Sum = 3
Product = 7/2 Product = -7/2

2. In an equation -2x2 – 5x + 1 = 0, what are the sum and product of the roots?
A. Sum = 5/2 C. Sum = -5/2
Product = 1/2 Product = 1/2
B. Sum = -5/2 D. Sum = 5/2
Product = -1/2 Product = -1/2

3. What is the sum of the roots of the quadratic equation 4x2 + 8x – 3 = 0?

A. -2 B. 12 C. -15/8 D. -8/5

4. The roots of a quadratic equation are -4 and -5. Which of the following quadratic
equation has these roots?
A. x2 + 9x + 20 = 0 C. x2 – 9x – 20 = 0
2 2
B. x – x + 20 = 0 D. x = 9x – 20 = 0

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 m−1 3
5. The product of the roots of the equation = .
2 m+ 2
A. 3 B. -8 C. 4 D. -1

6. Find the sum and the product of the roots of equation x2 – 8x + 7 = 0.

A. Sum = 8 C. Sum = -4
Product = 7 Product = 7
B. Sum = -8 D. Sum = 4
Product = -7 Product = -7

7. Mina wants to get the sum of the roots, she gets the values of a, b, and c what
process will she do next?
−b
A. Substitute the values of a and b to .
a
c
B. Substitute the values of a and c to .
a
b
C. Substitute the values of a and b to .
a
−c
D. Substitute the values of a and c to .
a

8. Compute the sum and product of roots of this quadratic equation:

x2 – 11x + p = 0
A. Sum = -11 C. Sum = 11
Product = p Product = p
B. Sum = 11 D. Sum = -11
Product = -p Product = -p

9. If the product of roots of the quadratic equation 2x2 + 8x – m3 = 0 is 4, find the

value of m.
A. 2 B. -2 C. -1 D. 1

10. If the sum of the roots of the quadratic equation x2 – (p + 4)x + 5 = 0 is 0, find the
value of p.
A. 5 B. -5 C. 4 D. -4

1 2
11. Find the sum and the product of the roots of the quadratic equation + =
x+1 x−4
2.
A. Sum = -9/2 C. Sum = -9/2
Product = -3 Product = 3
B. Sum = 9/2 D. Sum = 9/2
Product = -3 Product = 3

12. In quadratic equation ax2 – 3x – c = 0, given the sum and product of roots are 6 and
-9 respectively. What are the values of a and c?
A. a = ½ B. a = -1/2 C. a = -1/2 D. a = ½
c = 9/2 c = -9/2 c = 9/2 c = -9/2

13. Find the sum and product of roots of quadratic equation x 2 – 5x

+ 6 = 0.
A. Sum = -5 C. Sum = -5

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 Product = -6 Product = 6
B. Sum = 5 D. Sum = 5
Product = -6 Product = 6

14. What is the sum and product of quadratic equation x2 – 6 = 0?

A. Sum = 0 C. Sum = 0
Product = -6 Product = 6
B. Sum = 6 D. Sum = -6
Product = 0 Product = 0

15. What is the product of the roots of the quadratic equation:

3x2 + x + 1 = 0
A. -1/3 B. 1/3 C. -3 D. 3

Answer’s Key

What I Know What I Can Do 1 What I Can Do 2

A.
1. 18 6x2 + 11x – 35 = 0 6 11 -35 Sum Product
2. 120 2x2 – 4x – 2 = 0 2 -4 -2
3. -21 x2 – x – 3 = 0 1 -1 -3 1. -5 6
4. -1/2 4x2 + 81 = 0 4 0 81 2. -2 -3
5. 5/12 x2 + 2x + 8 = 0 1 2 8 3. -2/3 -1/3
B. 4. -15 56
x2 – 12x + 36 = 0 1 -12 36
1. -3/2, -5/2 5. 2 -8
x2 + 2x – 3 = 0 1 2 -3
2. 2, -4 6. 3/2 -1
2x2 + 9x - 5 = 0 2 9 -5
−4 ± 2 √7 7. -2 -6
3. x2 + 6x + 4 = 0 1 6 4 8. -10 -24
3 x2 + 7x + 12 = 0 1 7 12 9. -1 12
4. 3, 2
5. 0, -8
10. -7/2 2

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 What I Can Do 3 What I Have Learned
1. x2 + 4x + 3 = 0 1. B
2. x2 + 2x - 3 = 0 2. B
3. x2 + 4x – 21 = 0 3. A
4. 2x2 + 3x – 2 = 0 4. A
5. 3x2 – 10x – 8 = 0 5. B
6. 4x2 + 8x + 3 = 0 6. A
7. 9x2 – 6x – 8 = 0 7. A
8. 8x2 – 6x – 9 = 0 8. C
9. 10x2 – 19x + 6 = 0 9. B
10. D
10. 2x2 - 3x = 0
11. B
12. B
13. D
14. A
15. B

WEEKLY PORTFOLIO ASSESSMENT

1. My Weekly Goal Record. This is a record of your positive, realistic goals at the
beginning of the week. By the end of the week, you will evaluate completion or non-
completion of the goals you set.
You may organize it this way:
Name: ____________________________________ Grade & Section ____________ Subject: ___________
PLANS Date: ___________________

During this week, I plan to achieve

_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Note: There is no limit as to how many plans you wish to set for the week. The objectives reflected in the
“What I Need to Know” of the exemplar could help you conceptualize your plans. Remember: Do not proceed
with the exemplar unless you have listed your goals.
ACHIEVEMENTS Date: _____________________

During the week, I achieved

_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Note: This should be done when you are through with the exemplar, ideally at the end of the week.

2. My Test Self-Evaluation. This is a reflection of your performance in the summative assessments (“What I
Have Learned”). This will reflect your honest accomplishment of the assessment. Choose one (1) from among
the summative tests in the different exemplars and paste the test paper in your portfolio for the test self-
evaluation. Be guided with the following questions:

Test Self-Evaluation
Test taken by: ________________________

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Exemplar Title: _______________________
Test Date: __________________________
Score: _____________________________

1. What general topic was covered by the test?

The quiz was about … _______________________________________________________________________

2. How did I prepare for the test?

__________________________________________________________________________________________
3. What have I learned?
__________________________________________________________________________________________
4. What do I need to improve?
__________________________________________________________________________________________
5. How might have I prepared more efficiently?
__________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Am I satisfied with my performance?
__________________________________________________________________________________________

3. The Pondering Me. This is a summary on what you have learned for the week. You write
this in ESSAY form, sharing your reflections and even the misconceptions that you have
uncovered and learned as you went through the exemplar.

4. My Best Test. This is a test that shows your best efforts for the week. You may choose
from either the formative assessments (What I Can Do 1, 2 & 3) or summative
assessments (What I Have Learned) and paste your test result on a page in your
portfolio. You may add art elements (e.g. emojis or emoticons) to reflect your feelings
about the test.

5. My Creative Connection. This is an opportunity for you to share your creative or

analytical side. It may be in any form (poem, comic strip, poster, game, puzzle, etc) as
long as it is YOUR work and related to the lessons for the week.

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 Rubric for Portfolio Assessment. Aside from acting as your guide in portfolio completion, you also
need to put the rubric for portfolio assessment. Please see the table on the next page. You can also
find it in the exemplar.
Final Note: You are given the freedom of creativity in packaging your portfolio. You can have
scrapbook style, an album with a touch of recycling and reuse, etc. for as long as all the elements
required of you by the portfolio are present.
RUBRIC FOR PORTFOLIO ASSESSMENT
LEVELS
Criteria Novice Apprentice Proficient Distinguished Score
(1-3) (4-6) (7-8) (9-10)
1. Goal Setting Sets sloppy goals, Sets some goals Sets general goals Sets clearly defined
(Weekly Goal not realistic for and processes that and processes that goals that are ____ out
Record) ability nor level of are positive and are positive and attainable and growth- of 10
development. realistic. realistic oriented
2. My Test Self Shows little Shows adequate Shows good Shows very good and
Evaluation evidence of evidence of evidence of clear evidence of
____ out
reflection and self- reflection and self- reflection and self- reflection and self-
of 10
assessment. assessment. assessment. assessment with
documentation.
3. The Pondering Provides little Provides adequate Provides good Provides clear
Me evidence of growth evidences of performance or evidence of
and achievement. growth and general performance or ____ out
achievement. improvement in continued of 10
achievement. improvement in
achievement.
4. My Best Test

5. My Creative Indicates little Indicates adequate Indicates clear Indicates distinct

Connection evidence of evidence of evidence of evidence of ____ out
creativity/analytica creativity/analytica creativity/analytical creativity/analytical of 10
l work. l work. work. work.
[1-2] [3] [4] [5]
Overall Submits some of Submits most of Presents all items in Presents thorough,
Presentation the items in a the items. Portfolio a chronological clear and complete
____ out
disorganized form. is well presented. form. Portfolio is items. Portfolio is neat
of 5
Portfolio looks well organized. and elegant.
slapdash.
Prompt Submits late (5-6 Submits late (3-4 Submits late (1-2 Submits on time. ____ out
Submission days). days). days). of 5
Total _______
(Highest
possible

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 score: 50)

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