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EJERCICIO 1
The fundamental equation of a system A is:
31
R2
1
S= (NVU) 3
v0 θ
and similarly, for system B. The two systems are separated by a rigid, impermeable, adiabatic wall.
System A has a volume of 9 x 10-6 m3 and a mole number of 3 moles. System B has a volume of 4 x
10-6 m3 and a mole number of 2 moles. The total energy of the composite system is 80 J. Plot the entropy
as a function of UaU+U
a
B
. If the internal wall is now made diathermal and the system is allowed to come to
equilibrium, what are the internal energies of each of the individual systems.
Haremos primero la segunda parte. Tomamos la derivada parcial de la ecuacion fundamental con
respecto a la energı́a interna para obtener T1 .
1
R2 3
1
S= (NVU) 3
v0 θ
2 13 1
∂S 1 R (NV ) 3 1
= = 1
∂U T v0 θ U3 3
1 1
Ahora usamos la condicion de equilibrio termino donde T1 = T2 y por consiguiente T1 = T2 , entonces:
1 1
=
T1 T2
2 13 1 2 13 1
R (NAVA ) 3 1 R (NBVB ) 3 1
1 = 1
v0 θ 3 v0 θ 3
UA3 UB3
Ahora bien sabemos que la energia total es la suma de las energias internas, entonces UT = UA +UB ,
lo que nos lleva a UT −UA = UB . En ese orden de ideas podemos empezar a despejar una UA .
1 1
(NBVB ) 3 (NAVA ) 3
2 = 2
(UT −UA ) 3 UA3
r
UT NBVB
= +1
UA NAVA
UT
UA = q
NBVB
NAVA +1
1
Figure 1. Grafica de S
UA = 51.8J
UB = 28.2J
2/2