Fyp Title PDF

FYP PROJECT- VETTING PROCESS
BACHELOR OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (RK23)

ACADEMIC SESSION 2020/2021
List of FYP Projects
Code of FYP Title COMM-1

FYP Title Finite Difference Time Domain method (FDTD) Modeling of Different Moisture Levels for Moisture
Content Detection of Silo Grain
Description The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method is one of the most widely used computational
methods in electromagnetic. This project describes the design of two-dimensional (2D) FDTD
simulation software for transverse magnetic (TM) polarization using Berenger's split-field perfectly
matched layer (PML) formulation. 2-D FDTD code must been written in Matlab programming
language to simulate the fields of a plane wave source in lossy media. The formulation and the FDTD
code are validated by checking the numerical results for homogeneous media against the analytical
solution. In order to test and validate the FDTD code, an electromagnetic wave source interacting
with dielectric cylinder (ε, σ) act as different moisture levels in a silo grain are simulated.
Expected Result and Analysis Waveform comparison of the FDTD results (with different PML thicknesses) can be produced to test
the efficiency of the PML ABC for the lossy media. The numerical results should agree very well with
the analytical results for homogeneous media.
Tool / Software / Skills : Programming language (Matlab, Scilab etc); Good knowledge on EET303 or related to microwaves
Scope Modelling, Theoretical Study

Main Field (for categorized the Communication
project)
Other Related Field Electromagnetic Waves, Numerical Simulation
Complex Engineering Problem WP1 Depth of knowledge required, WP2 Range of conflicting requirements, WP3 Depth of analysis
(WP1 is compulsory. WP2, required
WP3, WP4, WP5, WP6 and
WP7 – minimum two from these
elements)
Project Requirements Simulation and hardware


FYP Title Modelling and simulation of linear dipole antenna for RFID application
Description To investigate and evaluate the working principal of linear dipole antenna for RFID application
Expected Result and Analysis Frequency responses of reflection coefficient of antenna is equal with mathematical model
Tool / Software / Skills : CST
Scope Modelling, Design Application, Theoretical Study

project)
Other Related Field Communication
Complex Engineering Problem WP1 Depth of knowledge required, WP3 Depth of analysis required, WP7 Inter-dependence
(WP1 is compulsory. WP2,
elements)
Project Requirements Simulation


FYP Title Design of a Wireless Wave and Ripple Detector for Remote Oceanic Monitoring System
Description This project is regarding designing of a device that can be placed at the surface of sea, river or pond
in order to detect the frequency and height of the surface wave or ripple in order to determine the
water conditions either to be rough, moderate and calm.
Expected Result and Analysis Hardware device with remote display and frequency and height of the surface wave analysis. The
remote monitoring system will be a mobile type (presumably a handphone) in which the user can
immediately being alert, in terms of frequency of the waves (in Hertz), the wave height (in meters or
centimeters). The area/place if usage can be assumed to be universal either to be used in the sea,
river or pond. Student needs to verify the measured reading accuracy with manual measurement
techniques using a small tub or basin as a simulated condition to the sea, river or pond. Hardware
components that expected to be involved are microcontroller and common discrete electronic
components such as resistors, capacitors and transistors.
Tool / Software / Skills : Ability to design electronic circuits, using microcontroller programming language and smartphone
application software.
Scope Data Collection, Design Application
project)
Other Related Field Analog, Digital Electronics and Microcontroller Programming
(WP1 is compulsory. WP2, required, WP7 Inter-dependence
elements)


FYP Title Design of a Remote Raining Strength Indicator Unit for Meteorological Applications
Description It is common to determine the reading and measurement of rainfall for a particular geographical area
using an ordinary rain gauge that collects the amount of rain water within a given period of time.
However, the type of ordinary rain gauge is not suitable to be used when information regarding the
strength of the rain (heavy, medium, drizzle) at one particular time of the day is needed. The
information on the rain droplets should be more measurable (i.e. drops/sq m/minute) so that better
analysis could be made and presented. The designed rain indicator unit is proposed to provide the
necessary detection, measurement and indicator.
Expected Result and Analysis The student will need to design a hardware device that measures the rain drops and send over the
results to a remote monitor unit or handphone. There should be some analysis on the quantity of rain
droplets with respect to time and conditions of the rain should be based on the judgement obtained.
Tool / Software / Skills : Ability to design electronic circuits, using microcontroller programming language and smartphone
application software.
project)
Other Related Field Electronics hardware
elements)


FYP Title Contactless IR Thermometer with RFID for Health Monitoring and Attendance
Description A contactless IR thermometer or thermal scanner or allows measuring human body temperature from
a distance without any physical contact and this will reduce the risk of infection. Common practice is
to manually record temperature reading using pen and paper. The procedure took time and at peak
hours, handling hundreds of students, will increase contact risks while queuing for turn to log
temperature reading. Integrating RFID tags for identification reduces time for data recording and will
make it easier and seamless data collection thus lowering risk of close contact exposure.
Expected Result and Analysis Development of a prototype; automation of data collection.
Tool / Software / Skills : Hardware / Arduino
Scope Modelling, Data Collection, Design Application

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Development of Solar-Powered Agricultural Monitoring System Prototype Using Internet of Things
Description Smart farming can be achieved through the use of Precision Agriculture (PA) which involves using
novel technology to monitor crops and provide precise treatments when required. One promising
solution towards achieving PA is through the use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. In this project,
student need to propose and develop a prototype of the monitoring system to measure
environmental conditions in a field and report to the farmer using the IoT device. Solar PV and battery
will be used as power source.
Expected Result and Analysis The hybrid solar PV-battery power source successfully supplies the proposed system. In the
meantime, the proposed system is capable to monitor the conditions of the field and send information
to the farmer. An analysis is required to determine the capability of the battery to charge and
discharge and support the system sufficiently. The performance of the whole system is then analyzed
in terms of submitting accurate data to the farmer such as the soil humidity, temperature, etc through
the IoT device.
Tool / Software / Skills : Arduino
Scope Data Collection, Design Application, Theoretical Study

project)
Other Related Field Renewable Energy
Complex Engineering Problem WP1 Depth of knowledge required, WP2 Range of conflicting requirements, WP7 Inter-dependence
elements)


FYP Title Design and Development of Compact Antenna for Arcing Fault Detection
Description Electrical protection of insulation is an essential part in power system network. However, the
degradation of insulation system is associated with initiation of arcing fault can appears after years in
service due to the increasing impact of thermal, mechanical and electrical stresses. Therefore, the
incipient stage of arcing fault detection and interpretation becomes vital for ensuring the continued
health of the equipments. The main aim of this project is to design and develop a reliable compact
antenna for incipient stage of arcing fault detection.
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis : Need to analyze the arcing fault waveform so that the antenna meets the requirements.
Expected result : Arcing signals can be detected based on selected frequency.
Tool / Software / Skills : Need to explore new software, CST Studio Suite and also need to use new equipment, Vector
Network Analyzer (VNA).
project)
Other Related Field Power System
elements)


FYP Title Finite Difference Time Domain method (FDTD) Modeling of Underground Water Pipeline for Leakage
Detection
solution. In order to test and validate the FDTD code, an electromagnetic wave source interacting
with dielectric cylinder (ε, σ) act as different volumes of leakages of a underground water pipeline are
simulated.
Tool / Software / Skills : Programming language (Matlab, Scilab etc); Good knowledge on EET303 or related to microwaves

project)
Other Related Field Electromagnetic Waves, Numerical Simulation
elements)


FYP Title A comprehensive design on spiral antenna for a flexible substrate
Description The aim of this project is to design a spiral antenna using paper as flexible substrate. The frequency
chosen for the spiral antenna is 2.4GHz and it has been chosen from IEEE 802.11 which is for the
Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) network. This project is divided into two major parts which are calculation and
simulation. Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio software used to analyze the
radiation pattern of the antenna.
Expected Result and Analysis "new design based on spiral antenna .

To investigate the performance of the antennas in term of return loss, operating frequency, bandwidth
and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR)."
Tool / Software / Skills : Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio software
Scope Design Application, Theoretical Study

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design and analysis of a rectenna with 2.45 GHz for Energy harvesting Application
Description To develop and investigate rectenna with good matching impedance and rectifying circuit for wireless
energy harvesting through ISM-band microwave at 2.45GHz.This project is divided into two major
parts which are calculation and simulation. Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio
software used to analyze the radiation pattern of the antenna.
Expected Result and Analysis simulation on rectenna design to suppress the harmonic signal to avoid the rectenna efficiency
reduction by converting the RF signal to DC voltage.
To develop and investigate rectenna with good matching impedance.
Tool / Software / Skills : cst

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design and analyze a meander antenna for wearable 5G application
Description The aim of this project is to design a meander antenna using flexible substrate. The frequency
chosen for 5G application. This project is divided into two major parts which are calculation and
simulation. Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio software used to analyze the
radiation pattern of the antenna.
Expected Result and Analysis To investigate the performance of the antennas in term of return loss, operating frequency, bandwidth
and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR).
Tool / Software / Skills : Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio software

project)
elements)


FYP Title A comprehensive flexible antenna on PET substrate for 5G application
Description The aim of this project is to design a spiral antenna using PET as flexible substrate for 5G
application. This project is divided into two major parts which are calculation and simulation.
Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio software used to analyze the radiation
pattern of the antenna.
Expected Result and Analysis "To investigate the performance of the antennas in term of return loss, operating frequency,
bandwidth and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR).
investigation 5G application"
Tool / Software / Skills : Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave

project)
elements)


FYP Title Investigation on antenna design on a flexible substrate based on 5G network
Description The aim of this project is to design a microstrip antenna using flexible substrate for 5G application.
This project is divided into two major parts which are calculation and simulation.
The main point to to investigate the performance of bending ability of the antenna .
Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave studio software used to analyze the radiation
pattern of the antenna.
Expected Result and Analysis To investigate the performance of the antennas in term of return loss, operating frequency, bandwidth
and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR).
- concentrate on the bending effect performance
Tool / Software / Skills : Cst

project)
elements)


FYP Title Modelling and simulation of two-wire transmission line antenna for RFID application
Description To investigate and evaluate the Basic concept of two-wire line antenna for RFID application
Tool / Software / Skills : CST microwave

project)
Complex Engineering Problem WP1 Depth of knowledge required, WP3 Depth of analysis required, WP6 Extent of stakeholder
(WP1 is compulsory. WP2, involvement and level of conflicting stakeholder involvement requirements, WP7 Inter-dependence
elements)
Project Requirements Hardware


FYP Title Modelling and simulation of flared transmission line antenna for RFID application
Description To evaluate and analysed the working principal of flared transmission antenna for RFID application
Tool / Software / Skills : CST

project)
elements)

Code of FYP Title CS-1

FYP Title system identification for a dc motor speed control
Description obtain modelling parameters for a dc motor system using matlab system identification toolbox.
Expected Result and Analysis comparison output between theoretical and actual response.
Tool / Software / Skills : matlab
Scope Modelling, Data Collection

Main Field (for categorized the Control and Optimisation
project)
Other Related Field Control and Optimisation
elements)


FYP Title An offline optimisation method of parameter estimation for ordinary differential equations
Description Parameter estimation is a key step in the development of these models and is based upon minimizing
an error function given by the sum of the squares of the difference between the observed data and
the model predictions. The solution techniques for parameter estimation problems can be classified
based upon the type of the model of the system. The model types are given by those involving only
algebraic equations and the ones involving differential equations with or without the algebraic terms.
In this work the focus is on systems involving ordinary differential equations (ODEs). In this work, an
approach for parameter estimation based on offline optimisation method is proposed to obtain an
estimate of the parameters using multiparametric programming. Selected case studies in chemical
reactions are proposed to demonstrate the applicability of approached method to estimate
parameters.
Expected Result and Analysis (i) Student required to obtain the observed data and the model predictions for chemical reactions
model.
(ii) Student required to develop an offine optimisation method of parameter estimation to estimate
parameter in case studies using multiparametric programming
(iii) Student required to compare and analyse the obtained model parameter with estimate value
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab, GAMS, Maple, Mathematica
Scope Theoretical Study

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Soil pH control system using Fuzzy Logic Controller
Description Agriculture can be categorized as plants and food. Some basic factors that can affect both plant
growth and quality of the enlargement produced including temperature, relative humidity, intensity of
light received by the plants and soil pH levels. Light intensity affect food manufacturing plant, stem
length, leaf color and flower size. Light intensity too much can lead to amazing plants and increase
the temperature in the room that enlargement can lead to increased respiration of plants in the rate of
photosynthesis. The objective is to design and develop control systems to provide and maintain
agricultural soil pH value corresponding to a particular type of plant. The suitable pH value will help
the growth of plants perfectly. In order to provide efficient control of lighting intensity, fuzzy expert
system is design with a graphical user interface (GUI) in Matlab. A fuzzy expert system developed
will be able to recognize changes in temperature, humidity and lighting in the plant area and
determine the level of intensity of light.
Expected Result and Analysis Real value of temperature, humidity and lighting in the room expansion illustrates the output to
change soil pH Trend.
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB Software

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Improvement of efficiency through an energy management program as a sustainable practice in
Hospital Tunku Fauziah
Description Energy Management Program (EMP) is one of the activity as specific in the Sustainability Program
(SP). The key performance of the SP is depending on 10% energy saving on the major facility system
within 2 years. However to archieved 10% energy saving for hospital is critical part since most of the
equipment are always in use and the system operational are 24hours. Therefore, this project is
propose to identify which activities able to perform in order to archieved 10% energy saving within a
year.
Expected Result and Analysis The student is require to perform site visit for energy audit at Hosptial, then continue with proposed
saving potential idea and then analysis of the using Energyplus and IES-VE simulation softwares
tools or at least excell. The analysis must perform in term based line calculation, then proved by
comparison before and after EMP inculding of building energy index, energy purchasing, maximum
demand and energy saving potential.
Tool / Software / Skills : walk through audit/ energyplus software
Scope Data Collection, Theoretical Study

project)
Other Related Field Renewable Energy, Power System, Control and Optimisation
(WP1 is compulsory. WP2, involvement and level of conflicting stakeholder involvement requirements, WP7 Inter-dependence
elements)


FYP Title A Comparative Study for Solving Unit Commitment Problem using Artificial Intelligence Techniques
Description The unit commitment problem (UCP) is the problem of selecting the generating units to be in service
during a scheduling period and for how long. The committed units must meet the system load and
reserve requirements at minimum operating cost, subject to a variety of constraints. In solving the
UCP, two types of variables need to be determined. The binary unit status variables U and V and the
continuous unit output power variables P. The problem can then be decomposed into two sub-
problems: a combinatorial optimization problem in U and V and a nonlinear optimization problem. The
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technique is used to solve the combinatorial optimization problem and a
quadratic programming routine is used to solve the nonlinear optimization problem. An
implementation of AI to solve the UCP is presented in this research. Suggest to have two different AI
technique for comparison purposed. The detailed description of the proposed AI is given. The
computational results along with a comparison with two different technique is compared.
Expected Result and Analysis Pls refer to description above
Tool / Software / Skills : Programming (MATLAB, etc.)
Scope Data Collection

project)
elements)


FYP Title SPEED CONTROL OF DC MOTOR USING OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES BASED PID
CONTROLLER
Description The speed control of a DC motor through PID parameters using Artificial Intelligence (AI) method, the
DC motor is widely used as a part of various applications, for example, steel plants, electric trains,
cranes and significantly more. To achieve successful control, nonlinearities and instabilities in the
model must be considered in the control plan. The DC motor is considered as third request
framework. Target of this research is to arrange tuning strategies for PID parameters. By using
MATLAB, speed may be analyzed using the Proportional, Integral, Derivative (KP, KI, KD) expansion
of the PID controller. Subsequent to, built up controllers PID are fail to control the drive when weight
parameters be in like manner changed. The standard purpose of this research is to analyze the
execution of optimization procedures via the AI technique for improve PID controllers parameters for
speed control of DC and rundown their purposes of enthusiasm over the customary tuning
techniques. The results got from AI figuring’s should be different from conventional system. It was
establish that the optimization systems thump pattern tuning practices of customary PID controllers.
Expected Result and Analysis Pls refer to description above
Tool / Software / Skills : Programming
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title Investigation of fuzzy controller design for machine position control
Description The position control system one of the interesting term in control system engineering. Nowadays,
several control system algorithm have been applied in that application. PID controller is a well-known
controller and widely used in feedback control in industrial processes. In position control system, PID
controller sometimes cannot accurate for this application because of nonlinear properties. Therefore
in this research, the fuzzy logic controller is proposed to overcome the problem of PID controller.
Fuzzy logic controller has ability to control the nonlinear system because of the algorithm is
concentrate by emulating the expert and implemented in language. Based on the experimental result,
the fuzzy logic controller designed should be able to improve the performance of the position control
system compared to the PID controller in term of rise time (Tr),settling time (Ts) and percentage
overshoot (%OS).
Expected Result and Analysis The student will do the comparison analysis between PID controller and FL controller in term of Tr, Ts
and %OS
Tool / Software / Skills : Knowledge about fuzzy controller will be advantage

project)
elements)


FYP Title Application of a real options approach for electricity generation projects planning
Description Real options (RO) theory is well known for enhancing the value of projects under uncertainty. In this
research, RO theory could be used to tackle current energy and environmental issues by enhancing
the value of electricity generation projects (EGP), especially renewable energy projects (REP). This
research aims to encourage novel research in the application of RO theory to EGP and REP. For this
purpose, a critical review of RO theory, its state of the art, and its applications to EGP and REP will
be investigate. This research will require the student to study in details the topic that related to the
design of EGP and REP.
Expected Result and Analysis In this research, the student will investigate the importance of Real Option (RO) approach for
electricity generation projects planning, and illustrates the methodology using variations of an
electricity generation projects case study. The fundamental differences between RO approaches and
other techniques such as NPV are illustrated on a simple case study. The results then compared
against traditional valuation tools. The expected results will show higher expected profits for projects
planned with the RO methodology.
Tool / Software / Skills : Ability/skill in programming will be advantage

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design an online auto-tuning PID controller of wind turbine for performance enhancement
Description The PID-type controller is used in more than 95% of control loops in the process industry. A PID-type
controller can be very effective in driving a measured process variables to a desired set point. The
operating principle of the PID controller is in the measurement of the error between the process
variable and the set point. In this software-based project student need to design an online self-tuning
PID controller for a wind turbine using Matlab software. Different with the conventional PID controller
where gain scheduling technique is normally used, the controller gains are computed online based on
the operating points. Student is required to conduct performance analysis in terms of stability and
robustness.
Expected Result and Analysis The proposed controller has an ability to compute the PID controller gains online therefore the gains
will change according to the system operating points. in the meantime, the controller will correct the
error to follow the desired output.
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design of Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) pitch controller for variable speed wind turbine
Description Variable speed wind turbine is a complex and nonlinear system, a sophisticated control is required to
meet the challenges posed by these systems. This project is about to design a pitch regulation
strategy based on Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) to regulate turbine at its rated power and to
reject the effect of disturbance acting on its rotor blades by wind. Student need to design and carry
out simulation study of the whole closed-loop system to evaluate the performance using Matlab
simulink.
Expected Result and Analysis The proposed controller is capable to regulate the wind turbine to maintain at the rated power even
with the increasing of wind speed.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design of full order state-observer-based speed control of DC motor
Description To design a control system using pole-placement approach, we always assume that all state
variables are available for feedback but not in practical. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the
unavailable state variables. Estimation of unmeasurable state variables is commonly known as
observation. This is a software-based project where Matlab software will be used for the whole study.
Student is required to design state- feedback and subsequently state-observer speed controller for
the DC motor with the help of pole-placement technique. Several simulation studies are needed to
evaluate the proposed control system.
Expected Result and Analysis The proposed observer can estimate the unmeasured states and control the DC motor to achieve the
desired speed. Student needs to undergo performance comparison between the proposed controller
with a similar controller but without the observer whereby all the states are measurable. Its
robustness also needs to be tested for example when the measured output has a small error since
the observer accuracy is based on the output reading.

project)
Other Related Field Electrical Machine and Drive
elements)


FYP Title Aeropendulum hardware system development for position control
Description Develop an aeropendulum system hardware that will enable position control.
Expected Result and Analysis position response
Tool / Software / Skills : fabrication skill

project)
elements)


FYP Title dc motor speed control development for Matlab interface
Description Develop a dc motor system hardware that can be interfaced with matlab for speed control.
Expected Result and Analysis speed response

project)
elements)


FYP Title Simscape Multibody Link for a dc motor assembly model
Description Integrate SOLIDWORKS CAD model assemblies with electrical, hydraulic, control, and other
systems, and simulate the entire system within the Simulink environment via Simscape Multibody
Link. The requirements for the mechanical system can be optimized to obtain system-level
performance.
Expected Result and Analysis comparison between actual and practical
Tool / Software / Skills : solidworks, matlab

project)
elements)


FYP Title Implemetation of Columb Counting Technique on Lead Acid Batteries
Description Lead acid batteries are still widely used in industries especilly as alternative energy storage due to
their robustness and low cost. However, one of the challenges is estimating the batteries state of
charge (SoC). SoC controls charging and discharging process of the batteries. A good SoC
estimation has various advantages like longer battery life, battery performance and increased
reliability of battery pack and one of the techniques used is Columb Counting.
Expected Result and Analysis Student is expected to be able to fully understand how Lead Acid batteries are modeled and how
Columb Counting technique is implemented for estimating the batteries SoC. The performance of the
technique will be analysed and discussed from the simulation done at different values of batteries
state. The technique is expected to be able to accurately estimate the SoC of the battries at different
batteries conditions.
Tool / Software / Skills : Simulation using Matlab

project)
elements)


FYP Title A parameter estimation approach for fault detection in induction motor
Description Induction motors are widely used for automatic control in many technological applications because
they are cheaper than DC engines and they hardly need maintenance. The induction machine is
described by nonlinear state space equations, and the parameters need be estimated via non-linear
estimators. Due to the increasing demand on system reliability and availability, an appropriate fault
detection scheme must also be employed as an integral part of the overall control system The goal
for the early fault detection and isolation is to avoid shutoff or damages to the process, or for
counteractions like maintenance, repair or system reconfiguration. Therefore, this work proposed the
research on the electrical parameters fault of induction motor for a monitoring system.
Expected Result and Analysis (i) Student required to develop an induction motor in Matlab software.
(ii) Student required to develop a parameter estimation method using ANN to estimate en electrical
parameters of induction motor
(iii) Student required to compare and analyse the electrical parameters in two conditions: fault-free
and fault

project)
Other Related Field Power Electronics
elements)


FYP Title Fault detection and isolation based on observer method for inverted pendulum
Description Fault detection and isolation (FDI) methods for dynamic systems have received more and more
attention due to an increasing demand for higher performances. FDI methods basically consist in
three major steps: the residual generation i.e. the generation of a fault accentuated signal, the fault
isolation i.e. the identification of which component of the monitored system has failed and the fault
correction i.e. the estimation of the fault and the elimination of its influence on the system behaviour.
An inverted pendulum is selected as a case study to demonstrate the effectiveness of observer
method in fault detection and isolation.
Expected Result and Analysis (i) Student required to develop an inverted pendulum in Matlab software.
(ii) Student required to develop an observer based to detect sensor and actuator faults in inverted
pendulum
(iii) Student required to compare and analyse the sensor and actuator faults in two conditions: fault-
free and fault

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title An observer based fault detection and isolation in quadruple – tank process
Description Fault detection and isolation is a challenging problem in industrial systems. It is more critical when
safety or cost is a matter of importance, for example, in a quadruple-tank process; there is volume of
liquid that must be protected to perform the task. Wastes of liquid caused by unwanted stream of
flows because of cracks or leaks in tanks, pipes or other paths can make problems and must be
resolved in a way to reduce the costs of having a certain volume of liquid. On the other hand,
dangerous or harmful liquids should be protected in a way in order to prevent from leaking off the
system. Moreover the importance of keeping systems in a good condition, lead us to identify faults in
them. Therefore, this work proposed the research on the observer based fault detection in quadruple
– tank process. The main goal is to solve fault detection and isolation problem by using an observer
based. The problem solves through introducing residuals based on state estimation error that is
obtained from difference in measured and estimated states values.
Expected Result and Analysis (i) Student required to develop quadruple – tank process in Matlab software.
(ii) Student required to develop an observer based to detect leak
(iii) Student required to compare and analyse the multiple leaks in different tank

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title An optimisation method of parameter estimation for ordinary differential equations using Artificial
Neural Network
Description Parameter estimation is a key step in the development of these models and is based upon minimizing
an error function given by the sum of the squares of the difference between the observed data and
the model predictions. The solution techniques for parameter estimation problems can be classified
based upon the type of the model of the system. The model types are given by those involving only
algebraic equations and the ones involving differential equations with or without the algebraic terms.
In this work, the focus is on systems involving ordinary differential equations (ODEs). In this work, an
approach for parameter estimation based on optimization method is proposed to obtain an estimate
of the parameters. Selected case studies in chemical reactions are proposed to demonstrate the
applicability of the approached method to estimate parameters.
Expected Result and Analysis (i) Student required to obtain the observed data and the model predictions for chemical reactions
model.
(ii) Student required to develop an optimisation method of parameter estimation to estimate
parameter in case studies
(iii) Student required to compare and analyse the obtained model parameter with estimate value
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab, GAMS, Maple, Mathematica

project)
Other Related Field
elements)

Code of FYP Title EMD-1

FYP Title Comparison of Induction Machine Modelling Between ABC and DQ Reference Frames
Description Induction machines are widely used in industries due to their robustness and simple operation.
However, accurate induction machine modelling is a must in order to properly determine the
parameters or performances of the entire system. Induction machine can be basically modeled using
two types of modelling which are using abc reference frame, dq reference frame. The former requires
more information on machine parameters, while the latter although much simpler, it requires more in-
depth initial mathematical derivation.
Expected Result and Analysis Student is expected to be able to fully understand how the induction machine can be modeled based
on abc and dq reference frames. The models will be tested using the same parameters, supplies and
loads. The models performance will be analysed and compared. These developed models are
expected to be applicable to other induction machines i.e. as generic models.

Main Field (for categorized the Electrical Machine and Drive
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Design and evaluate the performances of 12-slot/8-pole permanent magnet synchronous machine
with axially slotted rotor magnet
Description Permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs) are widely employed in industries, especially in
renewable energy and electric propulsion system owing to the advantage of high torque density.
Various rotor structures are applied in PMSMs, such as, surface-mounted, surface-inset, breadloaf,
and interior permanent magnet. However, rotor configuration with axially slotted rotor magnet in
PMSMs is still lacking. Therefore, the research is proposed to design and evaluate the performance
of PMSMs with axially slotted rotor magnet.
Expected Result and Analysis The student is required to design the permanent magnet synchronous machine with axially slotted
rotor magnet analytically by using basic motor sizing equation. The student also need to
comprehensively evaluate the electromagnetic performance of the permanent magnet machine by
using several software.
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab/programming, ANSYS, AutoCAD

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Analytic Comparative of Multiple Motor Starter Methods to Better Power Quality
Description There a few type of starters; conventional and non conventional (electronic based) starters used in
the industries. While the size of motor determines the appropriate starters, both conventional and non
conventional types have their respective advantage and disadvantage. Therefore the candidate
needs to evaluate the type of starters suitable for variation of motors. The types of motor, especially
on the specification, are up for the candidate to consider meaning he or she can decide what spec of
the motor he or she wanted to design its starter.
Expected Result and Analysis A few types of motor starters are compared in term of related parameters of power quality. The
discussions should produce an approach of starter selection and the consequenced power quality
results. A few parameters to be looked into for analysis : starting current, torque, settling time, and
other parameters the candidate to think suitable to analyze on the topics of power quality.
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB PSCAD

project)
Other Related Field Power System, Control and Optimisation
elements)


FYP Title Design and development of a microcontroller based system for 3 phase AC motor drives
Description -
Expected Result and Analysis -
Tool / Software / Skills : -

project)
Complex Engineering Problem WP1 Depth of knowledge required, WP2 Range of conflicting requirements, WP5 Extent of
(WP1 is compulsory. WP2, applicable codes, WP7 Inter-dependence
elements)


FYP Title Design and development of a microcontroller based system for 3 phase AC motor drives
Description "Design and development of AC motor drives with the utilization of microcontroller to obtain input,
generate the switching signal, and control the speed of the AC motor.
The design of a control system with a microcontroller aiming for improving the efficiency of three-
phase AC motor input. It is expected that it will reduce power consumption and improves the
efficiency of an AC motor with a proper design of its motor drives. The selected PWM technique is to
generate signal used in this system for the purpose of controlling the speed of an AC motor and
optimizing the sinusoidal output of the motor drives. Simulation is carried out using simulation
software and a prototype model is built in the experimental design for verification of simulation
results. "
Expected Result and Analysis "AC motor drives system that can regulate the speed of AC motor with variation input from the
microcontroller.
The optimum sinusoidal output from the drives to supplied to the AC motor.
Analyzing the quality of the output (THD, harmonic and fundamental voltage)"
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB , PSIM, PROTEUS

project)
elements)


FYP Title Modelling of Induction Machine's Indirect Rotor Flux Oriented Control Using Matlab/Simulink
However, these machines are largely dependable of how they are controlled. Indirect Rotor Flux
Oriented Control (IRFOC) is one of the widely used close loop controls for induction machine and
accurate system modelling using this control significantly determine the machine performance.
Expected Result and Analysis Student is expected to be able to fully understand how IRFOC is modeled and control the induction
machine. The closed loop system will be tested using the calculated parameters, and variable
reference values and loads. The system performance will be analysed and discussed. This close loop
system is expected to be able to meet the desired reference values as well as operate at variable
loads.

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Comparison Between Sliding Mode and PI Control in Induction Machine's Performance
However, these machines are largely dependable of how they are controlled. PI and Sliding Mode
Control are two basic close loop controls for induction machine. The former has been used for
decades while the latter is gaining popularity recently.
Expected Result and Analysis Student is expected to be able to fully understand how Sliding Mode and PI controller are modeled
and control the induction machine. These closed loop systems will be tested using the calculated
parameters, and variable reference values and loads. The systems performance will be analysed and
compared. These close loop systems are expected to be able to meet the desired reference values
as well as operate at variable loads.

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title 4. Analysis of the Effectiveness of Different Type Energy Storage for Crane Applications
Description Cranes one of the popular transportation in seaports areas. Now’s, most of the traditional cranes are
changes to hybrid or electrical cranes by using energy storage as the prime mover to replace the fuel.
There are different models in the current literature, among which the electric equivalent circuits stand
out, being the most appropriate model when performing real-time simulations.
Expected Result and Analysis Comparison and analysis efficiency/performance modelling of different type of energy storage for the
electrical crane consists of state of charge (SoC) estimation, capacity, power losses and lifetime
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field Power Electronics, Control and Optimisation
elements)


FYP Title DC link control for Electric Vehicle control with Flywheel Energy Storage System
Description This paper proposes a control strategy for electric vehicle (PEV) with a flywheel energy storage
system (FESS). The main role of the FESS is not to compromise the predefined charging profile of
PEV battery during the provision of a hysteresis-type active power ancillary service to the overhead
power system. In that sense, when the active power is not being extracted from the grid, FESS
provides the power required to sustain the continuous charging process of PEV battery. A key
characteristic of the whole control system is that it is able to work without any digital communication
between the grid-tied and FESS converters. Detailed system modeling and dynamics analysis of the
controller are carried out.
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis detailed system modeling and dynamics analysis of the controller are carried out.

project)
Other Related Field Renewable Energy, Power Electronics, Electrical Machine and Drive, Control and Optimisation
elements)


FYP Title Optimum design of electromagnetic torque for 12-slot/8-pole surface-mounted PMSM with single
segment per rotor pole
However, the electromagnetic torque of the PM machines with single segment per rotor pole is
greatly influenced by the motor dimensions during preliminary stage of designing. Therefore, the
research is proposed to optimally design the electromagnetic torque for 12-slot/8-pole surface-
mounted PMSM with single segment for rotor pole.
Expected Result and Analysis The student is required to design the 12-slot/8-pole surface-mounted PMSM with single segment per
rotor pole analytically by using basic motor sizing equation. The student also need to
comprehensively evaluate the electromagnetic torque of the PM machine by using several software,
then, determine the optimal design of the PM motor.
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab/programming, OPERA 2D, AutoCAD

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Optimum design of back-EMF and cogging torque for 12-slot/8-pole surface-mounted PMSM with
single segment per rotor pole
However, the motor global quantities, such as back-EMF and cogging torque of the PM machines
with single segment per rotor pole are greatly influenced by the motor dimensions during preliminary
stage of designing. Therefore, the research is proposed to optimally design the back-EMF and
cogging torque for 12-slot/8-pole surface-mounted PMSM with single segment per rotor pole.
Expected Result and Analysis The student is required to design the 12-slot/8-pole surface-mounted PMSM with single segment per
comprehensively evaluate the back-EMF and cogging torque of the PM machine by using several
software, then, determine the optimal design of the PM motor.

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Optimum design of electromagnetic torque for 12-slot/8-pole surface-mounted PMSM with two
segments per rotor pole
However, the electromagnetic torque of the PM machines with two segments per rotor pole is greatly
influenced by the motor dimensions during preliminary stage of designing. Therefore, the research is
proposed to optimally design the electromagnetic torque for 12-slot/8-pole surface-mounted PMSM
with two segments for rotor pole.
Expected Result and Analysis The student is required to design the 12-slot/8-pole surface-mounted PMSM with two segments per
comprehensively evaluate the electromagnetic torque of the PM machine by using several software,
then, determine the optimal design of the PM motor.

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Optimum design of back-EMF and cogging torque for 12-slot/8-pole surface-mounted PMSM with two
segments per rotor pole
However, the motor global quantities, such as back-EMF and cogging torque of the PM machines
with two segment per rotor pole are greatly influenced by the motor dimensions during preliminary
stage of designing. Therefore, the research is proposed to optimally design the back-EMF and
cogging torque for 12-slot/8-pole surface-mounted PMSM with two segments per rotor pole.
Expected Result and Analysis The student is required to design the 12-slot/8-pole surface-mounted PMSM with two segments per
comprehensively evaluate the back-EMF and cogging torque of the PM machine by using several
software, then, determine the optimal design of the PM motor.

project)
Other Related Field
elements)

Code of FYP Title HV-1

FYP Title Modeling and Investigation on Lightning Performance of Transmission Systems Using PSCAD
Description Lightning induced over voltage can be a result of a direct strike to a phase conductor (shielding
failure) or due to ‘back flashover’ resulting from a lightning strike on a shielding (ground wire) wire.
Both events would cause transient voltage escalations at the terminals of station equipment. The
study will identify the severity of such transients. It will also identify the required rating and location of
surge arresters to ensure that such over voltages do not exceed the insulation strength of the main
equipment.
A lightning overvoltage study requires the detailed modeling of the substation equipment (including
natural or stray capacitance of equipment), the station bus bars, and a few spans of the adjacent
transmission towers.
Expected Result and Analysis 1. Model the lightning stroke in a simulation study by injection of a current impulse. Use IEEE and
CIGRE guidelines -in order to select the impulse parameters for the study.
2. Direct strike on a phase conductor – This is due to ‘smaller’ lightning strokes that escape the
shielding. Typically, the magnitude of the lightning current surge is in the 8 kA – 12 kA peak.
3. Back Flash over – Lightning strikes (surge current) the ground wires. The current discharges to
ground through the tower and the ‘tower footing resistance’. The resulting potential rise of the tower
stresses the line insulation. If the voltage stress exceeds thresholds, flash over happens.
4. What is the peak value of the surge to be used in studies for direct strokes
and indirect strokes?
Tool / Software / Skills : PSCAD/EMTDC

Main Field (for categorized the High Voltage
project)
elements)


FYP Title Partial discharge Rise Time Characteristic of On-Site Measurement in Cable
Description The partial discharge measurement is a very well known possibility to assess the quality of an
insulation system of high voltage equipments. However characteristic of PD signal base on onsite
measurement is required to identify it is correct PD signal. Rise time is one of characteristic for PD
signal based on IEC60270 can use as a guide. Therefore this project aim to analysis the rise time
characteristic for PD signal based on data in measurement onsite for XLPE cable
Expected Result and Analysis The student is require to perform onsite measurement for Partial discharge in XLPE cable, then
continue with rise time characteristic analysis using MATLAB software. The analysis must perform in
time domain and fequency domain in order to find range time for rise time characteristic.
Scope Modelling, Data Collection, Theoretical Study

project)
Other Related Field Power System, High Voltage
elements)


FYP Title Partial discharge Resonance Frequency Characteristic of On-Site Measurement in Cable
Description The partial discharge measurement is a very well known possibility to assess the quality of an
insulation system of high voltage equipments. However characteristic of PD signal base on onsite
measurement is required to identify it is correct PD signal. Resonant Frequency is one of
characteristic for PD signal based on IEC60270 can use as a guide. Therefore this project aim to
analysis the resonant frequency characteristic for PD signal based on data in measurement onsite for
XLPE cable
continue with resonant frequency characteristic analysis using MATLAB software. The analysis must
perform in time domain and frequency domain in order to find range time for resonant frequency
characteristic.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Analysis of Electric Field for Bushing Transformer using Finite Element Method
Description Student can make comparison between two types of bushing transformer between graded and
ungraded. Design of bushing is carried out by Autocad and analysis by FEM software ie. comsol.
Expected Result and Analysis Graded type of bushing perform better compared to ungraded type of bushing in terms of electric field
and voltage distribution. For graded the distribution is not concentrate at certain parts of bushing
Tool / Software / Skills : Autocad & COMSOL

project)
Other Related Field High Voltage
elements)


FYP Title Thermal Analysis for Bushing Transformer using Finite Element Method
Description The analysis is to determine the temperature distribution and hotspot location in the bushing
transformer during its operation.
Expected Result and Analysis The analysis will be carried out for OIP bushing transformer model. The model must be design in
CAD and analyzed using FEM software. It is expecteed the hotspot move from oil side to air side.
Tool / Software / Skills : Autocad and COMSOL

project)
elements)


FYP Title Analysis of Electric Field and Voltage Distribution under uniform pollution
Description This analysis aims to see the effect of uniform pollution on the surface of the transformer bushing.
Uniform pollution means, the effect of pollution is covering the entire surface of the transformer
bushing.
Expected Result and Analysis The analysis will be carried out for OIP bushing transformer model. The model must be design in
CAD and analyzed using FEM software. The electric field will be higher with the presence of pollution.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Analysis of Electric Field and Voltage Distribution for Bushing Transformer under Very High Pollution
Description Through LR, pollution can cause an increase in the value of the electric field. However, studies on
very high pollution are relatively low. Many previous studies have focused on low, medium and high
levels of pollution.
Expected Result and Analysis The analysis is carried out to OIP bushing design using CAD software and further analyzed using
FEM. High pollution is expected to increase the value of electric field to exceed the value of flashover
initiation which is 4.5kV / cm.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Analysis of Electric Field and Voltage Distribution for Polymer type of Bushing Transformer
Description Polymer bushing transformers are reported to have advantages over conventional bushing
transformers. Since this type of bushing is relatively new, the use of bushing is relatively less and is
used on newly built transformers only. In the future, bushing of this type has the potential to replace
the transformer bushing of the conventional type.
Expected Result and Analysis The distribution of voltage and electricity may be different compared to the distribution of electricity
and voltage for conventional transformer bushing. This is because, the construction and materials
used are different.
Tool / Software / Skills : Autocad and Comsol

project)
elements)


FYP Title Automated characterization on slow front of ligtning cloud to ground
Description lightning signal having many criteria and one of the criteria is slow front, many researcher
characterize using manual technique, this study need to generate the automated system to measure
slow front in return stroke generated by lightning impulse
Expected Result and Analysis characterize slow front return stroke and need to do comparative study

project)
elements)


FYP Title De-noising technique on Lightning generated electric fields
Description there have many de-noising technique in market, this research need to choose the best technique
incorporate with measured lightning data
Expected Result and Analysis do some comparison denoising technique and select the best option of the technique

project)
(WP1 is compulsory. WP2, required, WP5 Extent of applicable codes, WP7 Inter-dependence
elements)


FYP Title modeling and analysis of direct ligtning strike to the soil
Description this research need to do analysis base on impulse current to grounding system, there have several
soil model need to develop.
Expected Result and Analysis will analyze the effect impulse current on soil model in ATP-EMTP
Tool / Software / Skills : ATP-EMTP
Scope Modelling, Data Collection, Design Application, Theoretical Study

project)
elements)


FYP Title Modelling and Simulation of Lightning Surges on Tower Transmission using PSCAD/EMTDC
Description This project describes the analytical and the experimental responses of the surges strike on the
transmission line towers. Transmission tower surge response modelling will be execute and
proposed. The transmission tower and its lightning phenomenon will be simulated. Then, the tower
surge response calculated by the proposed method is compared with the measured tower surge
response obtained from scale model. PSCAD/EMTDC software is used to generate the appropriate
data needed to graphically demonstrate this phenomenon.
Expected Result and Analysis 1. The calculation of average value of the tower surge impedance has been carried out by
implementing the formulas proposed by the introduction manual to PSCAD/EMTDC and CIGRE.. In
this calculation the tower radius R has been chosen as Model (1), and the tower was simulated by an
inverted cone as in PSCAD Master Library.
2. The injected current was injected at the top point of the tower . The calculated and measured
waveform for (a) Upper phase insulator voltage (b) Middle phase insulator voltage (c) Lower phase
insulator voltage waveforms are recorded.
3. The calculated results should agree accurately with the measured results and the proposed model
can reproduce the effect of the direction of the injected current line.

project)
Complex Engineering Problem WP1 Depth of knowledge required, WP3 Depth of analysis required, WP5 Extent of applicable codes
elements)


FYP Title Analysis on coal fly ash mix with concreate as addictive material in grounding system
Description coal fly ash mix with concrete as addictive material and need to buried under ground and measure
every day to analyze behavior of the soil
Expected Result and Analysis do measurement and analyze data
Tool / Software / Skills : Kyoritsu 3-Pin Method

project)
(WP1 is compulsory. WP2, required, WP5 Extent of applicable codes
elements)


FYP Title Develop and Analysis on bushing transmission line tower using FEM method
Description this research need to develop the bushing in transmission line and analyse the electric field, voltage
distribution and heat transfer using FEM
Expected Result and Analysis Electric field, voltage distribution and heat
Tool / Software / Skills : COMSOL

project)
elements)


FYP Title Evaluation on performance of a dismounted HV overhead power transmission porcelain insulator in
tropical environment
Description Carry out testing on HV insulator and simulation using COMSOL software to collect data on
breakdown voltage
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis on reduction of breakdown voltage of insulator due to dust accumulated on the aging
insulator
Tool / Software / Skills : COMSOL

project)
elements)


FYP Title Simulation of Earthing Systems Under High Impulse Conditions
Description The behavior of simple or complex grounding systems excited by lightning strokes considerably
differs from that at low frequency and at low-current: inductive behavior can become more important
with respect to resistive behavior and, in addition, these currents can generate soil breakdown (which
makes the impulse response typically nonlinear. In this project, the simulation of transient behavior of
grounding system is done by ATP software.
Expected Result and Analysis A suitable grounding system model is obtained and used to investigate transient
overvoltage/overcurrent during lightning strikes. Analysis on the nonlinearity of the resulted
voltages/currents
Tool / Software / Skills : ATP Draw

project)
elements)


FYP Title Simulation of Chopping Current Effects during Capacitive Switching Transients
Description Transients due to the switching action depend on the network configurations as well as loading
schedule. Unloaded line switching (capacitive switching) is one of the most important switching type
from the point of substantial transients. On the other hand, chopping time of the current generally
dominate the time dependent behavior of the transients.
Expected Result and Analysis The calculation of transient voltages, currents and electrical field strengths following a capacitive
switching action. The proposed model is used for the transmission line and simulations are
conducted for various line lengths.

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Analysis of Transient Recovery Voltages on Circuit Breaker Ratings
Description Transient is associated with every change of state of a circuit. Transient recovery voltage or TRV
thus is the transient across a circuit breaker. Transient recovery voltages are contingent upon the
circuit conditions and parameters of the circuit. Thus making it extremely essential to study them for
application of circuit breakers
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis on generated voltages/currents obtained from simulation are compared and verified with
IEEE Standard i.e IEEE Std C37.011-2005 and EEE Std C37.04-1999

project)
elements)


FYP Title Switching Transient Overvoltage Study Simulation Comparison Using PSCAD/EMTDC and
ATP/EMTP
Description This project focuses on a comparative study of the modeling and simulation of a switching transient
overvoltage study using two widely used simulation tools: PSCAD/EMTDC and ATP/EMTP.
Expected Result and Analysis The main aim of this project is the modeling of breaker contacts and statistical implementation in the
simulation. The comparison is based on the complexity of implementation of the modeling
requirements for each component and statistical study, simulation results and simulation time. The
comparative study will be helpful in identifying the pros and cons that the programs inherit.
Tool / Software / Skills : ATP Draw and PSCAD
Scope Modelling, Design Application

project)
elements)


FYP Title Analysis of Grounding Resistance Connected to Surge Arresters and Lightning Surge Behavior in
Equipment
Description The project aims to establish the relationship between the grounding resistance of surge arresters
and the lightning surge behavior observed in low-voltage equipment by Electro-Magnetic Transients
Program analysis.
Expected Result and Analysis The expected result will show that the grounding resistance of surge arresters installed on a pole with
a pole transformer can be increased to some extent without decreasing the lightning protection level
of the low-voltage equipment. This is achieved by means of the installation of an overhead ground
wire and the shortening of the interval between concrete poles with surge arresters. A reduction in
the cost of grounding construction can be expected.
Tool / Software / Skills : ATP/EMTP

project)
elements)


FYP Title Modelling of 33kV glass insulator under wet and dry pollution condition using COMSOL software.
Description To model 33kV glass insulator under wet and dry pollution condition using COMSOL software. This
project required knowledge on 33kV glass insulator and skills on using COMSOL software.
Expected Result and Analysis To produce design of 33kV glass insulator and conduct analysis for different pollution condition.
Tool / Software / Skills : COMSOL software / Finite Element Method (FEM)
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Modelling of rectangular cross section Rogowski coil using COMSOL software for magnetic flux
density analysis.
Description To model cross section Rogowski coil for magnetic flux dental analysis. Knowledge on the high
voltage sensor development is required. The application is targeted for high voltage measurement.
Expected Result and Analysis To provide design and model for cross section Rogowski coil for magnetic flux dental analysis in high
voltage measurement.
Tool / Software / Skills : COMSOL software
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Finite Difference Time Domain method (FDTD) Modeling of Grounding Electrodes for Wave
Interference Visualization
solution. If an impulse or surge high current flows in a grounding electrode, the soil in the vicinity of
the grounding electrode would be ionized and the voltage generated at the top of the grounding
electrode would be reduced. This project proposes a Maxwell's equations FDTD approach for
electromagnetic transients in ground electrodes. For simplification, simulation of soil breakdown for
soil ionization will not be considered. In order to test and validate the FDTD code, an electromagnetic
wave source interacting with dielectric cylinder (ε, σ) act as grounding electrodes are simulated.
Tool / Software / Skills : Programming language (Matlab, Scilab etc); Good knowledge on EET111/EET417/EET414 &
EET303 or related to microwaves
project)
Other Related Field Communication, Lightning, Electromagnetic Waves; Numerical Simulation
elements)


FYP Title Modelling of Hexagon cross section Rogowski Coil using COMSOL software for magnetic flux density
analysis.
Description To model hexagon cross section Rogowski coil using COMSOL software specifically for magnetic flux
dental analysis.
Expected Result and Analysis Model & design of hexagon cross section Rogowski coil specifically for magnetic flux dental analysis
in high voltage measurement.
Tool / Software / Skills : COMSOL software
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Development of Self Organising Maps (SOM) for partial discharge data classification using artificial
intelligence (AI).
Description To develop Self Organising Maps (SOM) for partial discharge data classification. Partial discharge
from EMTP-ATP simulation work is needed.
Expected Result and Analysis Self Organising Maps (SOM) for partial discharge data classification.
Tool / Software / Skills : Artificial intelligence
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Impact analysis of different geometrical shape for partial discharge antenna design.
Description To conduct an analysis for different geometrical shape of antennas for partial discharge
measurement.
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis for different geometrical shape of antennas for partial discharge measurement.
Tool / Software / Skills : CST microwave studio

project)
elements)


FYP Title Modelling of a Three-Stage Standard Lightning Impulse Voltage Generator using Marx Circuit
Description A clear understanding of the relation between lightning characteristics and standard impulse
waveform helps to allow better protection against the lightning surge. 􏰁Comparing natural lightning
surge waveform against standard impulse waveform proves that they have a similarity. Thus, the
strength-test of electrical devices against overvoltages which may occur by lightning is possible using
standard impulse waveform. Therefore modelling and simulating the impulse generator is the purpose
of this project, and to get a better understanding of lightning characteristics.
Expected Result and Analysis Simulation and hardware results of lightning impulse voltage generator must comply with the IEC/BS
EN 60060-1 standards.
Tool / Software / Skills : Hardware / ATPDraw / Orcad Pspice

project)
Other Related Field
(WP1 is compulsory. WP2, applicable codes
elements)


FYP Title Analysis of Electrical Arc as an Alternative to Consummable Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI)
for Water Treatment
Description Ultraviolet water purification is one of the most effective methods for disinfecting bacteria from the
water. Disinfecting water with Ultraviolet light is exceptionably simple and effective. It is also
environmentally safe. Most human-made ultraviolet sources are consumables. For instance, the UV
lamp which will degrade over time while mishandling mercury vapour lamp poses a severe health
risk. Thus, introducing electrical arc as the source for UVGI as a cheaper and long-lasting alternative,
especially in underdeveloped third world country where sources are scarce.
Expected Result and Analysis Development of an electrical arc-based water treatment prototype; data collection and analysis based
on the experiment will use common bacterial test kit that is readily available in the market like
Mikrocount®.
Tool / Software / Skills : Hardware / Orcad Pspice

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title 1. Evaluation of UVA Radiation on The Insulation Papers Using Dielectric Technique
Description Paper is particularly sensitive to light. Light, primarily its more energy-rich component - near-
ultraviolet radiation, causes gradual degradation (ageing) of paper and other organic-based materials.
Light can cause the paper to bleach, yellow, or darken, and it can weaken and embrittle the cellulose
fibers that make up paper. UV lamp with UVA radiation in wavelength 315 nm to 400 nm is used. The
objective of this project is to evaluate the ability of the dielectric technique to identify possible
changes in the studied paper samples exposed under intensive ultraviolet treatment for 30 days. The
use of dielectric spectroscopy monitors the effect of exposure of paper samples to UV light. Three
types of insulation paper will be tested: Kraft paper, Highland Barley paper, and white office paper.
General application of Kraft paper and Highland Barley paper is as insulating component applied in a
transformer, while white office paper is used as control specimen in the study.
Expected Result and Analysis UV radiation has strong photochemical properties, causing decomposition in all test subjects. This
may due to the initiation by light in the presence of oxygen causes the photodegradation reactions of
the macromolecular substances in the paper. Increasing the exposure time to UV radiation, then the
cellulose fibers will decompose faster and show more signs of discolouration and physical change.
Such degradation caused by UV exposure is expected to be reflected on the dielectric results. In
other words, the variations of dielectric constant, tangent delta, a.c. conductivity, and etc of the
radiated papers will be analysed and discussed.
Tool / Software / Skills : Impedance analyzer, knowledge of dielectric properties, Microsoft Excel, Origin

project)
Other Related Field Materials science
elements)


FYP Title Modelling of UHF Sensor for Partial Discharge Detection in Power Transformer.
Description Student able to develop the best design of UHF sensor for partial discharge (PD) signal in power
transformer with the targeted frequency within range 0.3-3 GHz that most likely happen of PD occurs
using CST software.
Expected Result and Analysis Best selection of design in term sizing, targeted frequency range within 0.3-3GHz of UHF sensor and
analysis in term of return loss, vswr and covered area.
Tool / Software / Skills : CST Software, Sensor Fabrication

project)
elements)


FYP Title Analysis of Multiple PD signal on power cable based on Rogowski Coil Sensor Measurement
Description Student able to model the power line using EMTP-ATP software that has multiple partial discharge
(PD) signal. Student require to identify the which location from different source of PD signal using
signal processing technique.
Expected Result and Analysis Student able to identify which signal and accurate location of PD signal in power cable. The location
technique algorithm such as TDOA will be used to identify the location of multiple PD signal.
Tool / Software / Skills : EMTP-ATP, Matlab
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Acoustic emission sensor approach for Partial Discharge Detection on power transformer
Description Student require to model acoustic sensor and conduct and experiment to measure the partial
discharge (PD) signal on the transformer test cell. Student require to model a 2D model using finite
element method in order to analyse the behavior of PD signal.
Expected Result and Analysis The modelling of conventional acoustic sensor using FEM will study the performance of sensor to
analyze the ability of sensor. Student able to analyze the behavior of PD signal captured by acoustic
sensor in the experimental work.
Tool / Software / Skills : FEM, Matlab

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Partial Discharge Signal Classification with different pattern using signal processing technique
Description Student require to analysis the different signal of partial discharge (PD) signal due to internal and
surface discharge based on the efficient technique of signal processing technique.
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis in term different technique of signal processing due to classification of different pattern of
PD signal using artificial neural network (ANN)

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Modeling of Partial Discharge Mechanisms in Solid Dielectric Material Base on Gemant & Philippoff's
Capacitance Model.
Description This project will be conducted by simulation base on partial discharges extended equivalent circuit
(Gemant and Philippoff's model) in order to understand the characteristic of partial discharges in solid
dielectric material.
Expected Result and Analysis Partial discharges mechanism in solid dielectric material will be modeled using Simulink in MATLAB®
software. This project is focus on the result of the partial discharges in solid dielectric with a single
cavity as defect. AC source of 10 kV, 20 kV and 30 kV with 50Hz frequency voltage are applied. The
discharge current amplitude for each voltage source will be analyzed.
Tool / Software / Skills : Simulink@MATLAB

project)
elements)


FYP Title Characterization on electrical tree in solid material using image processing technique
Description Student require to develop the GUI interfacing system in order to characterize the parameter of
treeing in term of length and size of area.
Expected Result and Analysis The GUI interfacing system able to identify the parameter of electrical tree in order to characterize
the captured image. The different technique of analysis in term of denoising and segmentation of the
image are required.
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title A Study on Galvanized Steel Grounding Performance using New Natural Additive Materials
Description The main purpose of this study is to study the performance of the galvanized steel grounding system
performance with the enhancement of a new additive material to the grounding medium. The main
objective is to study the characteristics of soil resistivity for 2 types of soil such as laterite and peat
soil when New Natural Additive Materials is added to it and to investigate whether it can effectively
reduce the soil resistivity. Referring to the previous study, additive material had been used to
enhance the performance of the galvanized steel grounding system performance and they obtain a
better result compare with the traditional grounding system that using copper rod without any
enhancement materials.
Expected Result and Analysis -To investigate the characteristics of soil resistivity according to industrial standard for 2 types of soil
such as laterite and peat soil when natural additive materials is added to it.
-The characteristic of grounding performance when using the galvanized steel to replace the copper
as the grounding rod is also to be studied.
Tool / Software / Skills : Megger Earth Tester

project)
elements)


FYP Title PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF MULTI-LOOP ANTENNAS FOR LIGHTNING REMOTE SENSING
APPLICATION
Description Antennas are the important elements in the lightning detection system. To improve performance of
the lightning detection system, it is so necessary to improve the efficiency of the antennas. This
device needs to be created to further identified lightning protection needed in certain area and to
prevent the lightning damage to human beings and building.
Expected Result and Analysis - To develop a portable and user-friendly loop antenna.
- To investigate the magnetic field generated by the lightning strike using multi-loop antennas.
- To analyse and evaluate performance of new antennas using both software and hardware setup.
Tool / Software / Skills : Hardware build skill and Matlab

project)
elements)


FYP Title Lightning Impulse Voltage Stresses in Underground Cables
Description The main goal of this project is to study the transient behavior of the cable against the application of
standard and non-standard lightning impulse voltage waveforms.
Expected Result and Analysis Comparative study on the standard and non-standard impulse voltages are applied to a 66 kV cable
model which is develop in the MATLAB Simulink. Simulation results helped to investigate which
impulses represent the worst possible voltage stresses on the cables.
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB Simulink

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Investigation of Electric Field Distributions in Dielectric Fluid with Different Types of Electrode
Configurations
Description This project is to investigate the electric field distributions in fluid under high voltage stresses.
Investigation will be done with different types of electrodes configurations.
Expected Result and Analysis When high voltages are applied to the system, higher electric field distributions will be produced in
the system.
Tool / Software / Skills : COMSOL/FEM

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title INVESTIGATION OF LIGHT INTENSITY RATIO RELATIONSHIP TO THE ELECTRIC FIELD
DISTRIBUTIONS OF HIGH FIELD STRESSED DIELECTRIC FLUID
Description An optical method which is known as Kerr effect method is an established method in determining the
electric field distribution in dielectric fluids. By applying high voltage to the fluid, the light intensity
produced can be calculated. Aim of project is to investigate the relationship between the light
intensity produced and the electric field distribution when high voltages stresses applied to the
dielectric fluid.
Expected Result and Analysis "1. Higher light intensity ratio, higher electric field will be produced in the system.
2. The electric field distributions can be calculated using the light intensity ratio values."

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Comparative study of Partial Discharge Modeling Using Capacitive Models of voids in electric power
cables.
Description In this research an improved and advanced capacitive model of void based on streamer concept are
proposed for the study of the transients generated at the void location. Further, the high frequency
model of the cable is employed in order to examine the propagated partial discharge simulated
transients of the capacitive models.
Expected Result and Analysis The high frequency model of the cable is employed in order to examine the propagated partial
discharge simulated transients of the improved and advance capacitve models. The simulated
transients of both models are compared and discussed on a theoretical basis.
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB@SIMULINK

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Signal Denoising Techniques for Partial Discharge Measurements
Description "One of the major challenges of on-site partial discharge (PD) measurements is the
recovery of PD signals from a noisy environment. Sophisticated methods are required to detect PD
signals correctly. This project will proposed the denoising of PD signals from onsite measurement of
XLPE cable. DWT techniques will used and signal to noise ratio based analysis will perform for 3
major motherwavelet in order to find the best level and type of denoising."
continue with denoising analysis using MATLAB software. The analysis must perform in term
performance signal to noise ratio limited to minimum, maximum, mean and standard deviation for 3
main mother wavelet.

project)
(WP1 is compulsory. WP2, involvement and level of conflicting stakeholder involvement requirements
elements)

Code of FYP Title PE-1

FYP Title Embedded bi-directional counter system with wireless notification
Description Develop a bi-directional counter system using embedded system that can provides notification
through wireless communication.
Expected Result and Analysis hardware with wireless notification
Tool / Software / Skills : embedded system compiler tool

project)
Other Related Field Power Electronics, Communication
elements)


FYP Title Acquisition and Analysis of Magnetization Curves of Toroidal Ferrite Core
Description A measurement system to acquire and analyze the magnetization curves of toroidal ferrite core will
be developed. Computer simulation will be conducted to aid the design of measurement system. This
project is expected to offer valuable software/hardware hands-on experience, and is particularly
suitable for those who are interested in test and measurement companies. The scope of the project
will be discussed thoroughly during the first SV-student meeting, and will be finalized in accordance
to the student background, learning interest and future career path.
Expected Result and Analysis Signal processing of acquired data. Construction of magnetization curves. Analysis of magnetization
curves.
Tool / Software / Skills : PSIM/MATLAB/SIMULINK

Main Field (for categorized the Power Electronics
project)
Other Related Field Test & Measurement
elements)
Project Requirements Simulation, Hardware, Simulation and hardware


FYP Title 2. Binary based I-V Curve Tracer for Photovoltaic (PV) Array Characteristic Analysis
Description Photovoltaic (PV) counts among the more important and effective renewable-energy solutions to
environmental problems, with ongoing work continuing to improve it. Measuring PV system
performance and failure require monitoring and data processing of the PV-array I–V curve. Several
monitoring tools have been developed, with temperature and solar irradiance are the commonly
monitored parameters. PV-array I–V curve changes with fluctuations in the PV-source temperature
and solar irradiance. Therefore, it is necessary to trace it as field conditions fluctuate. Monitoring
allows determining of a PV module’s actual power in field conditions and fault in a string-based PV
array as well as evaluating of module degradation.
Expected Result and Analysis In this project, a simple, affordable, and easy to fabricate instrument for tracing I-V characteristics of
a PV module will be developed. It comprises of rapidly varying resistive loads centered on power
resistors connected to relays or electronic switches and controlled by electronic circuitry. Student
needs to select a suitable value of resistors to make sure that the I-V tracer is capable of tracing the I-
V curve at various irradiance level.
Tool / Software / Skills : Software - MATLAB/Simulink®, Hardware – Arduino microcontroller
Scope Design Application

Main Field (for categorized the Renewable Energy
project)
elements)


FYP Title I-V Curve Tracer based on Capacitor Charging Method for Photovoltaic (PV) Power System
Description Applications of photovoltaic systems have been growing considerably in recent years, and today, a
vast number of photovoltaic modules are installed and operating worldwide. Considering that as
many of the panels as possible is desirable to be tested before installation to avoid a faulty operation,
test procedures and equipment are necessary that allow the measurement of the PV module
parameters in a flexible, fast, and convenient way. The PV manufacturing processes usually cause
differences in electrical parameters, even in cells of the same type. Moreover, if the losses due to cell
connections in a module
are taken into account, it is difficult to find two identical photovoltaic modules. The I-V curve
measurement can determine the main electrical parameters of a photovoltaic device. This
measurement provides relevant information about the, performance of PV systems.
Expected Result and Analysis In this project, a simple, affordable, and easy to fabricate instrument for tracing I-V characteristics of
a PV module will be developed. It comprises a capacitive load connected to relays or electronic
switches and controlled by electronic circuitry. Student need to analyze the performance of the
developed I-V tracer in terms of tracing time and the capability of the tracer to trace the I-V
characteristic at various irradiance level.
Tool / Software / Skills : Software - MATLAB/Simulink® and Hardware – Arduino microcontroller

project)
elements)


FYP Title Efficiency Optimization of Varible speed Induction Motor Drive for Electric Vehicle (EV)
Description implement the variable speed induction motor to The system to increased energy savings and
efficiency of the systems. With variable voltage variable frequency operation, any combination of
voltage and frequency can be used to supply the motor, with the condition that operation should
remain within the limits of rated voltage and frequency. The student will decide which method they
will used after doing a literature review.
Expected Result and Analysis Minimize the motor loss according to energy optimal control, also known as efficiency optimization
control with implementing variable speed drive by using PI Control method.

project)
Other Related Field Electrical Machine and Drive, Control and Optimisation
elements)


FYP Title Optimization of Regenerative Braking System for Electric Vehicle
Description Regenerative braking is an effective approach for electric vehicles (EVs) to extend their driving range.
A regenerative braking strategy integrated with series regenerative braking is developed to advance
the level of energy efficiency. Efficiency refers to how well regenerative braking captures ‘lost’ energy
from braking. Analysis the kinetic energy back into stored energy and effect of heat to generate the
energy.
Expected Result and Analysis Increase the energy stored to the storage for efficiency of the system compared with current system
or before the optimisation.
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab Simulink

project)
Other Related Field Electrical Machine and Drive, Control and Optimisation
elements)


FYP Title Energy Efficiency Comparison between High-power-density inverter and Multilevel Inverters for
Electric Vehicle Applications
Description "In the electric vehicles available on the market today, a high voltage (200−400 V ) battery pack
composed of several battery modules is connected to one or more inverters which create AC
voltages to the electric propulsion machines. The student need to analyses the use of a High-power
density inverter and the cascaded multilevel inverter. The battery modules have one inverter for
each battery module, the inverters are then connected in series and controlled in order to create the
AC voltages for the electric machines."
Expected Result and Analysis Comparison between the performance, efficiency and losses between High-power-density and
Multilevel Inverters
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab/Simulink

project)
elements)


FYP Title Performance Analysis of Bidirectional DC–DC Converters for Electric Vehicles
Description "the performance analysis and comparison of two types of bidirectional dc-dc converters and
cascaded buck-boost Converter for use in plug-in electric and hybrid electric vehicles. The
comparison of the two converters is based on device requirements, control strategy, and
performance. Efficiency analysis has been carried out for specific scenarios in vehicle applications."
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis of a results on performance, efficiency and losses.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Modelling of Single phase Inverter with PR controller for harmonic reduction
Description Close loop inverter is the inverter with the current and voltage control loop. In H bridge inverter, the
harmonic will be existing as a result from the PWM switching. Proportional Resonance (PR) controller
are specifically designed to compensate the selected harmonic produced from the inverter switching.
Student need to model the close loop single phase inverter control based on PR controller and
analyze the performance (e.g. harmonic content, stability) of the inverter and compare the result with
the inverter using PI controller.
Expected Result and Analysis model the close loop single phase inverter control based on PR controller, analyze the performance
(e.g. harmonic content, stability) of the inverter, compare the result with the inverter using PI
controller.
Tool / Software / Skills : Simulink

project)
elements)


FYP Title Modelling of parallel inverter control system based on a droop control for AC microgrid
Description Inverter is the device normally used to inject power to the microgrid especially from the renewable
energy sources such as solar energy, wind turbine or energy storage. To cater the load from the
microgrid, 2 or more inverter are connected in parallel so that the load can be shared. However, to
avoid voltage and frequency mismatch, droop control has been introduced. Student need to model
this controller and able to demonstrate and analysis the performance by using the simulation from
Simulink.
Expected Result and Analysis Expected Result and Analysis is to model 2 inverters with droop control technique and to solve the
problem associate with line impedance by using virtual impedance.
Tool / Software / Skills : matlab simulink
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title Design and development of renewable energy storage with pico-hydro generation system applied for
domestic application.
Description The design and development renewable energy power supply storage with pico-hydro generation
system using drainage water for domestic application. Water flow in a river or drainage has kinetic
energy that potential to generate electricity for domestic and standalone application such as street
lamp, water pump for paddy field or water sprinkler for agricultural system. The inherent water
pressure and flow inside the drainage can be manipulated to rotate small scale hydro turbine to drive
a generator for electrical power generation.
Expected Result and Analysis "This project is conducted to develop a small scale hydro generation system using water as a main
source of renewable energy that can be stored into a power bank for domestic application.
Analyzing the relationship of power converter rating with capacity of the water volume and water flow."
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB, PSIM, PROTEOUS, PICOSCOPE

project)
elements)


FYP Title Open Loop Control of Switch Mode Power Supply Using TLC 555 Timer
Description Student is required to design, assemble and test a switch mode power supply circuit. The input to the
power supply comes from standard 240 Vrms. Student is required to design rectifier, filter, flyback
converter and driver circuit.
Expected Result and Analysis The output of the circuit id expected to be 5 V DC. Student should also do the experiment and
measurement in the lab to test the functionality of the assembled circuit.
Tool / Software / Skills : Diodes, ferrite transformer, mosfet, capacitors, resistor,etc. PSpice simulation

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Harmonic Minimization of Three Phase Inverter using Selective Harmonic Elimination Technique
Description One of the power quality issues faced in three phase inverter system is associated with harmonic.
Harmonic is a voltage or current at a multiple of fundamental frequency of a system, which produced
by action of non-linear loads such as converters. Thus, this project is aimed to minimize the harmonic
produced by 500W inverter system using a selective harmonic elimination technique (SHE). The
amount of harmonic is determined using total harmonic distortion (THD), the less percentage of THD,
the better the system will be.
This project is simulation based project where the student need to use MATLAB/Simulink software as
the main tool. SHE technique is designed and implemented to the 500W inverter system and
necessary analysis will be done to see the effectiveness of the technique in eliminating the harmonic.
Expected Result and Analysis - Look-up tables will be generated.

- A set of trajectories graph with number of harmonic orders will be produced.
- Design of SHE modulation block and construction of inverter system.
- Performance analysis of SHE technique in three phase inverter system with varying loads and other
parameter.
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB/Simulink

project)
elements)


FYP Title Performance Analysis of A Switched Mode Isolated DC DC Converter
Description A switched mode isolated dc-dc converter will be studied and analysed in steady-state operation. The
performance of this dc-dc converter will be investigated with varying several operational parameters.
An ideal and non-ideal condition will be added and compared in order to see the effect on the
efficiency and how well the converter able to control the output voltage. The converter is also
expected to be operated in continuous conduction mode at all time. All these works will be simulation
based using MATLAB/Simulink as the main tool.
Expected Result and Analysis - Calculation and waveform of converter with ideal condition
- Calculation and waveform of converter with non-ideal condition
- Comparison of ideal and non-ideal condition in term of voltage gain, efficiency and other features
- Identification of boundary condition and what are the factors that influenced the operation of
converter in continuous condition mode.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design of Single-Phase H-Bridge Inverter for Photovoltaic System
Description This project starts with identification the suitable topology to be used for the dedicated application,
follows by designing the modulation technique to control the fundamental output voltage and
frequency. In this stage, analysis need to be done in term of amplitude control and harmonic
minimization. The project continues with embedded closed-loop control of the inverter system where
the student needs to determine the suitable control technique to be used in photovoltaic system. A
steady-state analysis for a closed loop inverter system will be done subsequently.
Expected Result and Analysis - Open loop condition: (i) relationship between modulation index with fundamental voltage
- (ii) the effect of varying switching frequency and load
- (iii) harmonic content and THD
- Closed loop condition: (i) tuning of gain controller
- (ii) how well the measured variable able to track the given reference
- (ii) quality of output voltage and current.
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title Performance Analysis of A Three Phase Current Source Inverter System
Description Another alternative to voltage source inverter is current source inverter where its input is dc current
instead of dc voltage. In this project, the student will study on the topology of current source inverter,
how it differ to voltage source inverter and what are the features that made CSI is outstanding than
VSI. Then, in term of control, the several modulation techniques will be studied and tested to the CSI
circuit in open-loop condition (no feedback). An analysis with regards to topology, operation and
control (modulation technique) of CSI will be the outcome of this project.
Expected Result and Analysis - Study on topology of CSI – circuit construction as compared to VSI. Both inverter will be
constructed in MATLAB / Simulink.
- Operation of CSI – highlighting the features of CSI
- Control – in term of modulation technique. See the effect of fundamental output current, total
harmonic distortion and frequency.
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title Evaluation Performance of an Isolated DC-DC Converter in Renewable Energy System
Description This project is focused on the use of dc-dc converter in renewable energy system where it starts with
the selection of suitable dc-dc converter circuit, study its operating condition and limitation of the
converter. The circuit together the PWM technique will be constructed in MATLAB /Simulink. It will be
tested, analysed and verified with varying load conditions, amplitude, frequency and other related
parameter. The outcome of this project is the student able to come out with a comprehensive
analysis on performance of dc-dc converter system.
Expected Result and Analysis - Study topology and operation

- Circuit construction and theoretical calculation
- Analysis and verification in relation to the theoretical
- The converter is then tested in renewable energy system with varying load conditions and other
factor.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Parallel Battery charging system design and fabrication for grid connected pv system
Description Either on-grid or off-grid system there are issue of no-demand or unused energy whereby the solar
panels are able to produce more power but due to low demand from the grid thus minimum current
supplied to the circuit. There are opportunity of saving these extra energy into the battery for future
use or at high demand time. When charging, the solar panel voltage will be reduced onto battery
charging level but during discharging time to the circuit, the output of the battery has to be increased
into the same level of pv panels. Thus the student shall design, simulate, develop and full-proof the
corresponding converter system.
Expected Result and Analysis the student shall design, simulate, develop and full-proof the corresponding converter system.
Complete Simulation to be presented using LTSpice or other applicable tools. Hardware to be
constructed and to be foolproof test.
Tool / Software / Skills : Circuit analysis, thermal analysis, power electronic circuit,PSIM , LTSpice tools, hardware sodelring
and fabrications
project)
Other Related Field Renewable Energy, Power Electronics, Control and Optimisation
elements)


FYP Title Backup battery management system of individual solar panel applications
Description Either on-grid or off-grid system there are issue of no-demand or unused energy whereby the solar
panels are able to produce more power but due to low demand from the grid thus minimum current
supplied to the circuit. There are opportunity of saving these extra energy into the battery for future
use or at high demand time. Thus the student shall design and fabricate a sensory and actuator
system to sense this low and high demand situation in order to trigger the charging and discharging
mechanism of the backup battery.
Expected Result and Analysis the student shall design and fabricate the corresponding sensor and relay mechanism system.
Complete Simulation to be presented using Arduino or other applicable tools. analysis to be
performed on the response of the selected sensors on different solar module types under variations
of solar intensity. Hardware to be constructed and foolproff test.
Tool / Software / Skills : power electronic circuit, sensor and relay system , hardware wiring and testing Arduino tools,
hardware soldering and fabrications
project)
elements)


FYP Title Development of PV based small power supply unit
Description Student required to design and develop a PV based small power supply unit. The specification of the
power supply should enough to supply a small power supply without shortage of resource base on
weather in Malaysia.
Expected Result and Analysis Prototype of power supply. Analysis on the performance of the prototype according to load variant
and wheater.
Tool / Software / Skills : c programming

project)
Other Related Field Renewable Energy, Control and Optimisation
elements)


FYP Title Development of dc-dc converter for solar charger application
Description One of the main components in standalone PV system is a solar/battery charger. Student required
designing, developing and analyzing the performance of the solar charger.
Expected Result and Analysis prototype of charge controller. Analysis performance of the system.
Tool / Software / Skills : c programming, microcontroller, PCB

project)
Other Related Field Renewable Energy, embeded system
elements)


FYP Title Performance Analysis and Simulation of Standalone PV Inverter Monitoring System
Description Stand alone PV inverter system consist of a few component and involve a few state of
current/voltage. This project acquired student to measure and analyze power at all stage, and display
those data using appropriate media/platform.
Expected Result and Analysis prototype of system. Analysis performance of stand alone PV with variant of weather condition.
Tool / Software / Skills : LabView, programming

project)
Other Related Field Renewable Energy, Instrumentation
elements)


FYP Title Design and Testing of Square Wave Generator Using LM741 Operational Amplifiers
Description The goal of this project is to design square wave generator using LM741 op-amp. So the square and
triangle wave generators should be designed first. Then, these two generators will complement each
other to produce square wave. The generated square wave will be used to turn on and off 4
MOSFETs. This is to mimic the switching of a single phase DC to AC inverter.
Expected Result and Analysis Expected Results: Student is expected to successfully design these three generators (sine, triangle
and square waves) and later conduct experiments to prove that the designed circuits can perform the
desired target. Experiments should be conducted in the lab. All of the output waveforms (sine,
triangle and square waves) should be measured using oscilloscope. Results obtained from the
oscilloscope measurements, should be verified using calculations where necessary. It is expected
that the square wave generated can be used to turn on and off 4 MoSFETS
Tool / Software / Skills : LM741 op-amps, mosfets, capacitors, resistor,etc

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Design of Inverter Using Buck-Boost Converter
Description Converting DC voltage to an AC voltage requires the use of an inverter. Traditionally, H-Bridge
inverter is used for this conversion. In this project, an alternative way to convert DC voltage to an AC
voltage using DC converters will be explored. The use of Buck-Boost converter is seen as excellent
choice as it can provide wide range of output voltage. This is convenient with the inverter requirement
as, it need to varies from 0V to the maximum required voltage. The inverter is test for PV application
to examine its suitability.
Expected Result and Analysis Several simulations with appropriate analyses will be reformed.
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab Simulink / Psim /LTspice.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Development of Inverter and Full Wave Rectified Using H-Bridge for A teaching Module
Description Full wave rectifier and inverter share a common configuration, that is using a h-bridge topology. Both
type of converter can be accomplished using correct method of control. This project aims to develop
a prototype that can deliver the means of a rectifier or an inverter. Consequently, a teaching module
will be produced to assist the usage of the prototype.
Expected Result and Analysis simulations and hardware development together appropriate analyses
Tool / Software / Skills : matlab simulink / psim/ microcontroller
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title Comparative Study on Leakage Current Phenomena in Single Phase Transformerless Grid
Connected PV Inverter Topologies
Description Capacitive ground current is an effect when a PV panels are connected to the grid via an inverter.
This effect is due to the switching of the inverter and can be severe to the PV panels. This project
explores the possible solutions to this issue. By using correct control method and/or inverter topology,
the ground current can be minimized significantly.
Expected Result and Analysis the outcome of the project will be projected in series of simulations, exposing the nature of the ground
current. From there, the mitigation to the problem will be studied and tested.
Tool / Software / Skills : matlab / simulink
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title PV Invterter Ground Current: Comparative Study of Multiple Inverter topologies.
Description PV Ground current have a potential of damaging the panel if it reach significant amplitude. It occurs
due to the inverter's switching method. Therefore, a proper inverter topology and/or switching method
needs to be implement to the system to prevent the ground current from affecting the PV system. In
this project, several topologies and its switching method will be studied and simulated.
Expected Result and Analysis series of simulations and analyses of different topologies.
Tool / Software / Skills : matlab simulink / psim
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title High Step-up Converter for Single Module PV System
Description Module integrated PV converter has gain much interest due its ability to eliminate partial shading.
However , for a grid tied application, the PV panel's low voltage need to be amplified to around 400V.
Traditional Boost converter is unable to perform this task. Therefore, a high gain converter is needed
to solve this problem. In this project, a high gain converter will be selected and redesigned to meet a
300W solar panel. The converter is then simulated in and around PV environment, where the
performance of the converter will be determined, thus, a summary of the suitability of the converter
will be produced.
Expected Result and Analysis series of simulations and analyses

project)
elements)


FYP Title Current Ripple Mitigation Technique for Boost Converter
Description The input current ripple of the boost converter can efficiently reduce by increasing the inductance of
input inductor or by adding a low pass LC filter at the input terminal. However, it will increase the size
and cost of the converter. Thus, using a coupled inductor to achieve the mitigation of the ripple
current has much attention because a small inductor is required. Develop a boost converter with a
coupled inductor to mitigate the current ripple without increasing the size and weight of the converter.
Expected Result and Analysis Able to demonstrate and analyze the technique of current ripple mitigation for the boost converter.
From the developed boost converter, compare the finding with the two other common boost converter
topologies.
Tool / Software / Skills : Simplis/MATLAB/Simulink

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Delta Modulation Control for Buck Converter
Description Delta modulation (DM) technique widely used in PWM control scheme for static power inverters and
rectifiers due to its high stability and rapid response. DM modulator consists of two essential
components which are hysteresis comparator and integrator. The control signal is compared with a
carrier signal which is obtained by integrating the modulator output signal to produce an error signal.
Then the error signal is quantized by the hysteresis comparator to produce the output PWM signal,
which is the gate signal for the power switch in the buck converter.
Expected Result and Analysis Able to demonstrate and analyze the delta modulation technique for the buck converter.

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Comparison of High Power Density DC/DC Converters
Description High power DC-DC converters have found a reliable niche in integrating renewable energy resources
like photovoltaic (PV) and wind with the traditional power system network. Review the different of DC-
DC converter topologies, and implement it to compare with each other. The selected circuit is
analyzed with component quantity, current stress, and the converter efficiency performance where
the selected circuit able to support the universal input.
Expected Result and Analysis Able to review and make a comparison for the high power density DC/DC converters.

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Effect of Non-constant DC Voltage for the Single-phase Voltage Source Inverter
Description Single-phase voltage source inverters (VSIs) are widely used in electric distribution systems under
several kilowatts. For single-phase, connections, especially for directly photovoltaic (PV)-fed single-
phase inverter systems, the power generated by the PV module is constant at the maximum power
point whereas an ideal single-phase AC load demands an instantaneous pulsating power as
produced by the sinusoidal voltage and current
Expected Result and Analysis Able to demonstrate and analyze the effect of non-constant DC voltage for the single-phase VSI

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Performance Analysis and Simulation of a Single-phase H-bridge Inverter with a Variation of
Inductance in LC Filter
Description Passive filters are generally employed with voltage source inverters (VSIs) for attenuating output
current ripples. Many high-order passive filters have recently been introduced for optimizing the filter
size and cost. Develop a single-phase H-bridge inverter with inductance variation.
Expected Result and Analysis Able to demonstrate and analyze the effect of the inductance variation for the single-phase H-bridge
inverter.

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Design and Testing of Square Wave Generator Using LM741 Operational Amplifiers
Description The goal of this project is to design square wave generator using LM741 op-amp. So the square and
triangle wave generators should be designed first. Then, these two generators will complement each
other to produce square wave. The generated square wave will be used to turn on and off 4
MOSFETs. This is to mimic the switching of a single phase DC to AC inverter.
Expected Result and Analysis Student is expected to successfully design these three generators (sine, triangle and square waves)
and later conduct experiments to prove that the designed circuits can perform the desired target.
Experiments should be conducted in the lab. All of the output waveforms (sine, triangle and square
waves) should be measured using oscilloscope. Results obtained from the oscilloscope
measurements, should be verified using calculations where necessary. It is expected that the square
wave generated can be used to turn on and off 4 MOSFETS
Tool / Software / Skills : LM741 op-amps, mosfets, capacitors, resistor,etc

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF GRID-CONNECTED PHOTOVOLTAIC (GCPV) BASED
DSTATCOM.
Description This project focuses on designing and implementation grid-connected photovoltaic (GCPV) based
distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) for power quality improvement by using the Frequency-
domain method to mitigate harmonic distortions at the Point of Common Coupling following IEEE
Standard 519:2014 which is THD should be less than 8%.
Expected Result and Analysis Rapid prototype model should be designed and implemented in the FPGA-based hardware-in- the-
loop (HIL) simulation and MATLAB/SIMULINK interface. Performance comparison between the
software simulation and real-time HIL simulation should be demonstrated.
Tool / Software / Skills : Quartus II and Matlab Simulink

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design and simulation of Zeta Converter for Low Power Application
Description A Zeta Converter is an electronic circuit which converts a source of direct current (DC) from one
voltage level to another. It is a Switched DC -DC converter which provides a regulated and stepped
up output voltage. In this project student must design a Zeta Converter that can step up the voltage
from 12 V to 48 V utilitizing the Proportional-Integral controller. The converter will be tested using
various loading conditions.
Expected Result and Analysis The student is expected to find the mathematical formulation for the converter circuit. Based on this
information, the controller gain could be determined. Student is expected to perform series of
simulation of the converter circuit under different loading condition and should be able to analyse and
compare the results.

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Investigation of switching dead time and diode failure effects in Three Phase Inverter system
Description Dead time or also known as blanking time is needed in H-bridge inverters to prevent 'shoot through'
or cross-conduction current through the inverter leg due to the non-ideal nature of the switching
devices. However the duration of the dead time plays a significant role in ensuring the correct
operation of the inverter. Proper study is needed to investigate the effect of the deadtime in the
inverter system.
In an inverter, diodes are connected antiparallel with the IGBTs. These diodes are required for the
flow of reactive power. If there is phase difference in voltage and current, flow of reactive power takes
place. When the voltage at the load is positive but we want the current to be negative then we must
provide a path where the current direction is from the load to source. This path is provided by the
diodes. However, if there is some failure in the diode, it will affect the operation of the inverter. This
effect should also be investigated
Expected Result and Analysis In this project, student is expected to:

1) investigate the effect of dead time duration to the operation of inverter. The analysis can focusses
of the fundamental components and the harmonics contect the the voltage and current ouputs of the
inverter
2) Investigate the effect of the diode failure to the operation of the inverter. The investigation should
also focussed on the voltage and current outputs of the inverter.

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Investigation of transformer leakage inductance effect on the operation of the flyback converter
Description The flyback converter is a power supply topology that uses mutually coupled inductor, to store energy
when current passes through and releasing the energy when the power is removed. The coupled
inductor will act as a transformer. In a flyback transformer design you are storing energy in the
primary then releasing it to the secondary. If you have leakage inductance, there is energy stored in
the primary that doesn't get coupled to the secondary. This uncoupled energy will surely affect on the
operation and the efficiency of the flyback converter and should be investigated
Expected Result and Analysis "In this project, student is expected to:
1) investigate the effect of leakage inductance to the operation of the flyback converters.
2) investigate the effect of different leakage inductance magnitude the the efficiency of the flyback
converter"

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Design and simulation of single ended primary inductance converter (SEPIC) for battery charging
application
Description A buck converter regulates a high voltage into a smaller voltage, so input voltage is greater than
output voltage. On the other hand, a boost converter regulates a small voltage into a higher voltage,
so input voltage is smaller than output voltage. A SEPIC converter combines those functions and
allows a circuit to have flexible input voltages with a stable output voltage. This type of converter can
also be described as a buck/boost converter. SEPIC is typically used in the battery-operated
equipments and handheld devices, NiMH chargers, LED lighting applications and DC power supplies
with a wide range of input voltages.
1) Conduct detail literature review on the basic and improved SEPIC topologies.
2) Design the SEPIC converter based on the any chosen SEPIC topologies
3) Conduct simulation and analyze the output waveforms of the converters"

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Comparative study of several master/slave techniques for parallel inverter in microgrid applications
Description Master/slave is a model of asymmetric communication or control where one device or process (the
"master") controls one or more other devices or processes (the "slaves") and serves as their
communication hub. This concept has been implemented in wide area of applications including the
control of inverter in microgrid. For the application in microgrid, the master inverter regulates the
voltage and frequency and other inverters become slaves. In other words, the master module acts as
a voltage source while the slaves operate as current sources. In general, this control technique
achieves good current sharing and stability. There are some variants to this control technique, which
depend on the selection of the master module.
1) Conduct detail literature review on the various master/slave techniques for parallel inverters in
microgrid applications
2) Conduct simulations on two selected master/slave techniques
3) Compare and analyse the difference between both techniques"

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Design of a 20W Class D Push-Pull Audio Amplifier for Low Loss and High Efficiency Audio System
Description Typical classes of ordinary audio amplifiers are normally involved with types of Class A, Class B and
Class AB amplifiers. These amplifiers are known to utilize the linear region of the I-V characteristics
of the power transistors. When transistors are biased to operate in the linear region, they will be
subjected to heat loss, high power consumption and low efficiency. Comparing to more recent
interests in developing Class D type of audio amplifiers, this will reduce the heat loss, low power
consumption and increasing the overall efficiency of the audio system. Basic concept of Class D
amplifier uses MOSFET similarly like a power switching device in PWM mode and the output is then
fed through a 20kHz LPF to get again the analog audio signal with much greater power.
Expected Result and Analysis The Class D amplifier unit that driving a speaker as the output and the analysis of the frequency
response of the amplifier from 100 Hz to 20 kHz and overall amplifier efficiency.
Tool / Software / Skills : Ability to design electronic circuits and knowledge of using related simulation software.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design of a Remote Power Monitoring Device for Effective Energy Saving Activities
Description The hardware device should have circuits that can detect voltage and current that flow through a load
and a microcontroller will read the values and send over the information to a smartphone. The user
can monitor the energy usage of the load and manage the electricity consumption wisely.
Expected Result and Analysis "The

The student needs to design circuits that can measure the AC voltage and current supplying to a
load. Analysis will be done in comparison to actual data taken using standard laboratory voltmeter,
ammeter and power meter in order to verify the hardware device accuracy and reliability in measuring
the required parameters.
Tool / Software / Skills : Ability to design electronic/electrical circuits and using microcontroller programming language and
smartphone interface applications.
project)
Other Related Field Power System, Communication
elements)


FYP Title Design and analysis of reduced switches nine-level inverter
Description Design, simulation and analyze the nine-level inverter with reduced number of switches will be done
in PSIM environment. The SHEPWM will be use as switching technique for this project.
Expected Result and Analysis The nine-level inverter with reduced number of switchers will be design. The number of switches for
the designed inverter will be compare with conventional cascaded inverter. The analysis including
output voltage, output current and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) for various modulation index.
Tool / Software / Skills : PSIM, Matlab

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design and Analysis of Eleven-Level Inverter with Reduced Number of Switches
Description Design, simulate and analysis of the eleven-level inverter with reduced number of switches.
Expected Result and Analysis The eleven level inverter with reduced number of switchers will be design in PSIM environment.
SHEPWM will be use as a switching technique for this project. The output performance of the
reduced switchers inverter will be analyze. It include Voltage, Current and THD for various
modulation index.
Tool / Software / Skills : PSIM , Matlab

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design of a wireless speed controller for a 6 W DC Motor
Description The candidate is tasked to design a control system for regulating the speed of dc motor. Design
should include Arduino Board, 6 V dc motor, remote controller, infrared receiver, LCD display etc.
Expected Result and Analysis It is hoped that the selected candidate can perform the task given. Student needs to show that the
Adruino based control system can perform well in controlling the speed of the dc motor. It is
necessary to show that the speed of dc motor can be controlled remotely. The speed of dc motor
must be displayed on the LCD to confirm the changes at the ouput. The measurement of duty cycles
of the PWM must be conducted with oscilloscope. The motor speed on the remote controller should
also be compared with the actual speed. Measurement of the actual speed should be conducted with
tachometer.
Tool / Software / Skills : Arduino Board, 6 V dc motor, remote controller, infrared receiver, LCD display etc.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Modelling of Single Switch Non-Isolated DC-DC Boost Converter for Photovoltaic Application
Description Renewable energy generates in low voltage level and needs to be increased higher to supply the
load. Conversion system requires advanced power electronics converters for stable power
generation. The boost converter is necessary to boost up the low voltage. The converter with a
minimum number of switches, reduced voltage stresses and low cost is more advantage.
Expected Result and Analysis Development of a single switch non-isolated dc-dc boost converter model; data collection and
analysis based on the experiment.
Tool / Software / Skills : Hardware / Orcad Pspice / PSIM

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design a single-input dual-output (SIDO) buck converter for low power applications
Description Multiport converters have attracted increasing amounts of attention and have been considered for
applications such as dc distribution systems, satellite/spacecraft power supply, hybrid-electric
vehicles (HEV), etc. Non-isolated multiport converters are derived from a conventional topology such
as buck, boost, and buck-boost converter. The advantages of these converters, such as small size
architecture and high-power density, make them dominant in the applications where galvanic isolation
is not required.
Expected Result and Analysis The student must be able to simulate and analyze the converter in an open-loop and closed-loop
system during steady-state operation.
Tool / Software / Skills : PSPICE/LTSPICE/PSIM/MATLAB

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design and develop a single-input dual-output (SIDO) buck converter for low power applications
is not required.
Expected Result and Analysis 1) The student needs to build a hardware prototype to feed two different load demands suitable for
low power applications.
2) The converter will step-down from 12 V input voltage to 9 V and 6 V output voltages.
3) The steady-state analysis needs to be derived based on a conventional buck converter.
4) The experimental results validate the theoretical analysis.
Tool / Software / Skills : Experiment and PSPICE/LTSPICE/PSIM/MATLAB

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design a Multiport DC-DC Converter for a Standalone PV/Battery Power System
is not required.
Expected Result and Analysis The student must be able to simulate and analyze the converter in an open-loop and closed-loop
system during steady-state operation.
Tool / Software / Skills : PSPICE/LTSPICE/PSIM/MATLAB

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design and develop a Multiport DC-DC Converter for Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems
is not required.
Expected Result and Analysis 1) The student needs to do a literature review of the advantages and disadvantages of non-isolated,
partially-isolated, and fully-isolated topologies. Student needs to decide the most suitable topologies
for hybrid energy systems.
2) The student needs to build a hardware prototype with a 100 W power rating and obtain ~95%
efficiency.
3) The student must be able to develop and demonstrate design considerations and experimental
results of a prototype circuit that substantiate the theoretical analysis.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design and develop a multiport bidirectional DC-DC converter for PV application on a DC distribution
system
is not required.
Expected Result and Analysis 1) The student has to build a 100 W hardware prototype that obtains ~95% efficiency.
2) The student must be able to develop and demonstrate design considerations and experimental
results of a prototype circuit that substantiate the theoretical analysis.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Simulation design of a multilevel inverter applied for a renewable energy sources
Description Simulation design of a multilevel inverter (MLI) topology in modular with renewable energy as the DC
source input of each module. Utilizing a microcontroller to control the pulse signal of each power
device of the inverter in order to generate sinusoidal input. Criteria of real renewable energy
parameters and behavior will be counted as part of the design. Selection of pulse pattern to drive the
inverter in order obtain optimum output.
Expected Result and Analysis The output of the is fix with the variant value of input. The quality of the output (such as THD,
fundmental voltage ) will be analyzed.
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB, PSIM, PROTEOUS, PICOSCOPE

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design and development of a multi-array configuration of piezoelectric transducer for raindrop energy
harvester
Description "This study aims to assess the possibility of harvesting optimum energy from the raindrop kinetic
through multi-array configuration of the piezoelectric transducer. The study will investigate the
influence of piezoelectric sensor configuration on generating energy due to an impact from raindrop
kinetics. A Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) material is selected in this study.
For obtaining optimum energy from the raindrop, student will investigate the potential of multi-array
piezoelectric arrangement that is believed could further improve the output level of the piezoelectric
transducer for the purpose of harvesting raindrop kinetic energy. The array will be firstly simulated
using simulation software to resolve the optimum output. Some experiments using raindrop imitation
will be carried out to validate the findings obtained from the computer simulation. The output
expected could be used in self-powered devices.
"
Expected Result and Analysis "Some experiments using raindrop imitation will be carried out to validate the findings obtained from
the computer simulation. The output expected could be used in self-powered devices.
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB, PSIM ,FEA software, Proteous

project)
Complex Engineering Problem WP1 Depth of knowledge required, WP3 Depth of analysis required, WP5 Extent of applicable codes,
(WP1 is compulsory. WP2, WP7 Inter-dependence
elements)


FYP Title Analysis of switching signal for PWM inverter
Description Analysis of few types of pwm signal applied to an inverter in order to observed its performance
Expected Result and Analysis Conclusion of performance of an inverter with different types of pwm signal injected to the control
circuit of the inverter
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB, psim

project)
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FYP Title Modelling of close loop 3 phase voltage source inverter (VSI) based on DQ and ab controller
Description This project is about mathematical modeling of three-phase grid-connected inverter system including
output LCL filter and closed loop control using PI controller based on DQ controller and αβ controller.
Effect of controller's tuning parameters will be investigated and the different between 2 controller
based on DQ and αβ will also to be investigated. Control scheme and three-phase grid-connected
inverter are simulated using MATLAB Simulink and SimPowerSystems™.
Expected Result and Analysis The difference of the output performance based on DQ and ab controller to be analyzed. Effect to the
output performance from both controllers tuning parameter also to be investigated.
Tool / Software / Skills : MAtlab simulink

project)
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FYP Title Comparative Studies of Astable, Monostable and Bistable Modes in 555 and 556 timers for Dimming
Application
Description The 555 and 556 timers are integrated circuits used for pulse generation, oscillation and time delay
applications. The 555 is a timer with 8 pins whilst 556 has 14 pins. In this project, students will learn
on how to do the electrical connection for these two timers. Student needs to show that both timers
can perform the astable, monostable and bistable modes. Dimming application will be tested using
LEDs.
Expected Result and Analysis It is expected that both timers can perform astable, monostable and bistable modes. Measurements
of the output waveforms should be conducted with oscilloscope. Student should also do the
mathemathical analysis to confirm the similarities between the theoretical and experimental results.
Finally, the output response should be tested for dimming application with LEDs
Tool / Software / Skills : Two timers (555 and 556), capacitors, resistors, bread board, LEDs, etc.

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Source Measure Unit for Low Ohmic Resistance Measurement
Description Design and development of source measure unit (SMU) for low resistance measurement. Various
existing methods to implement SMU will be evaluated and adapted for low resistance measurement.
This project is expected to offer valuable software (e.g. PSIM & MATLAB/SIMULINK) and/or
hardware hands-on experience, and is particularly suitable for those who are interested in joining test
& measurement companies. The scope of the project will be discussed thoroughly during the first SV-
student meeting, and will be finalized in accordance to the student background, learning interest and
future career path.
Expected Result and Analysis No amendmePerformance evaluation (e.g. error/accuracy/stability analysis) of the source measure
unit.
Tool / Software / Skills : No amendmentPSIM/MATLAB/SIMULINK/PSPICE

project)
Other Related Field Test & Measurement
elements)


FYP Title Estimation and Evaluation of Power Losses in Semiconductor Switching Devices
Description A power semiconductor switch incurs power losses in the form of heat due to its nonideal
characteristics. The sources of power losses will be identified and studied. A simulation model will be
developed to estimate and evaluate the power losses in semiconductor switching devices. This
project is expected to offer valuable MATLAB/Simulink modelling and simulation hands-on
experience. The scope of the project will be discussed thoroughly during the first SV-student meeting,
and will be finalized in accordance to the student background, learning interest and future career path.
Expected Result and Analysis Various sources of power losses occurred in semiconductor switching devices will be studied and
analyzed via computer modeling and simulation.
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB/SIMULINK and/or SPICE based simulation software. Interested and good in mathematics
derivation.
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Characterization and Modeling of Rechargeable Lead Acid Batteries
Description Charging and discharging characteristics of rechargeable lead acid batteries will be measured
experimentally. The experimental data will be used to curve-fitting battery model, which will be used
to analyze the charging and discharging behaviors of rechargeable lead acid batteries. This project is
expected to offer valuable software/hardware hands-on experience, and is particularly suitable for
those who are interested in joining test & measurement companies. The scope of the project will be
discussed thoroughly during the first SV-student meeting, and will be finalized in accordance to the
student background, learning interest and future career path.
Expected Result and Analysis Characterization and modelling of rechargeable lead acid batteries. Analysis of charging and
discharging behaviors of rechargeable lead acid batteries.

project)
Other Related Field Renewable Energy, Test & Measurement
elements)

Code of FYP Title PS-1

FYP Title Investigation on the Effects of Transformer Magnetizing Current and Transformer Saturation
Characteristics on Ferroresonance
Description Ferroresonance is a serious resonant problem at the system frequency. It could lead to sustained
(i.e. long duration) overvoltage, unlike normal switching transients which generally get damped out
rapidly. The ferroresonance conditions are normally satisfied when there are abnormal switching
conditions or iron core saturation of the transformer. The system losses and system load will have a
damping effect on the transients.
In this project, the ferroresonance phenomenon will be simulated and the effects on varying the
transformer magnetizing current will be observed.
Expected Result and Analysis 1. The calculation of average value of the tower surge impedance has been carried out by
implementing the formulas proposed by the introduction manual to PSCAD/EMTDC and CIGRE.. In
this calculation the tower radius R has been chosen as Model (1), and the tower was simulated by an
inverted cone as in PSCAD Master Library.
2. The injected current was injected at the top point of the tower . The calculated and measured
waveform for (a) Upper phase insulator voltage (b) Middle phase insulator voltage (c) Lower phase
insulator voltage waveforms are recorded.
3. The calculated results should agree accurately with the measured results and the proposed model
can reproduce the effect of the direction of the injected current line.

Main Field (for categorized the Power System
project)
elements)


FYP Title Optimal configuration of photovoltaic power plant using Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) Algorithm
Description At present, photovoltaic (PV) power plants are growing rapidly to respond to the high demand for
energy. In this case, improving the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) for PV power plants is a
complicated design tradeoff that involves several parameters, such as meteorological data variation,
nonlinear operation of the PV plant components, inverter types, and PV module efficiency. The main
objective of this project is to apply and analyse the recent meta-heuristic technique namely as Harris
Hawk optimization (HHO) for optimal conficguration of photovoltaic power plant.
Expected Result and Analysis -Develop a design methodology of PV power plant

- Formulate an objective function considering the installation, operation and maintenance costs of
the PV plant.
- Implementation of the propose algorithm using MATLAB
Tool / Software / Skills : Software: MATLAB/Python, Skills: Data collection analysis and programming

project)
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FYP Title Optimal Configuration of Small-Scale Floating Photovoltaic (FPV) System using Meta-heuristic
Optimization Algorithm
Description The floating photovoltaic (FPV) system is a new power generation system which has attracted wide
attention due to its numerous advantages. Apart from power generation, the system can reduce the
water evaporation especially for a country as Malaysia. However, improving Levelized Cost of
Electricity (LCOE) for FPV power plant is a very complicated design trade-off that involves several
parameters such as meteorological data variation, nonlinear operation of the FPV plant components,
inverter types and PV module efficiency.This project aims to propose an optimal configuration of
Small-scale FPV plant design for minimizing energy cost.
Expected Result and Analysis -Develop a design methodology of FPV power plant
- Formulate an objective function considering using the installation, operation and maintenance costs
of
the FPV plant.
- Implementation of the propose algorithm using MATLAB
Tool / Software / Skills : Software: MATLAB/Phyton, Skills: Data collection analysis and programming

project)
elements)


FYP Title The impact of Distributed Generation on Overcurrent Relays Coordination in Distribution System
Description The presence of Distributed Generation (DG) brought new challenges mainly to protection engineers
since novel coordination scheme no longer appropriate with the penetration of DG. Thus, it will
affected the primary and backup relay constraint and also the degradation of the relay performance.
Therefore, this study propose the best location of the DG penetration to decrease the effect of DG to
the relay performance using optimization method. As a result, the best location of the DG penetration
is then identified.
Expected Result and Analysis The selected distribution test system are required to study the impact of the location of the DG
integration to the overcurrent coordination scheme using optimization method. Therefore, studying
the the location of the DG integration using optimization method manage to reduce the impact to the
primary and backup relay coordination and number of relays affected by increasing the short circuit
value.
Tool / Software / Skills : Power World and MATLAB Software

project)
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FYP Title Optimization and Artificial Neural Network Application in Directional Overcurrent Relay with
Distributed Generation for Distribution Network System
Description Generally, power distribution systems are protected with the help of overcurrent based protection
schemes. However, increasing share of distributed energy resources penetration in electric utilities
poses a serious threat to the existing protection coordination schemes of the distribution systems.
Distributed energy resources connected distribution networks become interconnected in nature and
protection coordination schemes, which are designed for unidirectional flow of fault currents become
ineffective/non-functional. Therefore, new protection coordination schemes are required for providing
the adequate protection coordination for distributed energy resources connected electric power
networks. Artificial Neural Network is proposed in this study to improve the optimized overcurrent
relay response time to short circuit fault within the network in order to address miscoordination
problem due to wrong response time among adjacent relays to the same fault location.
Expected Result and Analysis Miscoordination problems between all relay pairs addressed with minimal errors. The nonlinear
function fittings addressed by ANN, allowing least number of relay operates as fast as possible to
clear short circuit overcurrent faults at different locations within the network.
Tool / Software / Skills : Power World and MATLAB Software (MATLAB programming and Toolbox)

project)
elements)


FYP Title Under Voltage Load Shedding in Power Transmission System using Particle Swarm Optimization
Technique
Description "The increasing demand of electric power energy and the presence of
disturbances can be identified as the factors of voltage instability condition in
a power system. A secure and reliable power system should be considered to
ensure smooth delivery of electricity to the consumers. A power system may
experience undesired event such as voltage instability condition leading to
voltage collapse or cascading collapse if the system experiences lack of
reactive power support. Thus, to avoid blackout and cascaded tripping,
load shedding is the last resort to prevent a total damage. Under Voltage
Load Shedding (UVLS) scheme is one of the possible methods which can be
conducted by the power system operators to avoid the occurrence of voltage
instability condition. The objective is to proposed intelligent technique such as Particle Swarm
Optimization (PSO) for under voltage load shedding in power transmission systems. In this study, a
computational based technique is developed in solving problem related to UVLS. Loss and minimum
voltage control as the
objective function implemented on the IEEE 30-Bus Reliability Test System
(RTS) managed to optimally identify the optimal location and sizing for the
load shedding scheme."
Expected Result and Analysis The feasibility of PSO technique for load shedding scheme in loss and minimum voltage control in
power system.
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB software

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design of microhydro turbine for slow water flow rate in river
Description To design a micro hydro turbine power generation capacity to harness the renewable energy from the
STP effluent discharge. To study the potential of renewable energy source in the effluent discharge
from slow flow river. To analyse the, flow dynamics of effluent and the river morphology. (Working
together with – IWK).
Expected Result and Analysis to produce concept design of micro hydro turbine based on the data given by co-supervisor on-site
and research to harness the electricity.

project)
Other Related Field Renewable Energy, Power Electronics
elements)


FYP Title 1. Analysis Of The Efficiency/Performance Modelling Of Different Type Battery For Electric Vehicle
Description Batteries based on lithium-ion (Li-Ion) seems to be the most suitable for traction, especially nickel-
manganese-cobalt (NMC) and nickel-cobalt-aluminum (NCA). An appropriate model of these
batteries is fundamental for the simulation of several processes inside an EV, such as the state of
charge (SoC) estimation, capacity and power fade analysis, lifetime calculus, or for developing
control and optimization strategies. There are different models in the current literature, among which
the electric equivalent circuits stand out, being the most appropriate model when performing real-time
simulations.
Expected Result and Analysis comparison and analysis efficiency/performance modelling of different type battery for electric vehicle
consists of state of charge (SoC) estimation, capacity and power fade analysis, power losses and
lifetime.

project)
elements)


FYP Title 2. The Effectiveness Microgrid Application for the Rural Seaports.
Description The microgrid is a number of renewable energy and energy storage are cluster together. The
microgrid can operate either autonomously or grid-connected. In rural areas, electricity uses are
limited. By implement, microgrid technologies are one of the solution methods. Student need to make
analysis optimal design and specifies the dimension, energy planning and evaluates the performance
of a microgrid to supply the electricity to the load.
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis optimal design and specifies the dimension, energy planning and evaluates the performance
of a microgrid to supply the electricity to the load.

project)
elements)


FYP Title 3. Analysis of Effectiveness Giant Battery Storage for the Seaports Application.
Description Most of the seaport toward green technology by a focus on renewable energy and energy storage.
However, the load consumption at seaport is higher depending on the applications. This study, we
are emphasizing on the effectiveness of the giant battery for the seaports systems.
Expected Result and Analysis analysis of the costs (payback time), efficiency, and so on that are related.

project)
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FYP Title AN OPTIMIZATION APPROACH FOR MINIMIZING ENERGY LOSSES OF DISTRIBUTION
SYSTEMS BASED ON DISTRIBUTED GENERATION PLACEMENT
Description The interest of electric utilities in distributed energy resources has increased in
terms of maximizing the technical, economic and environmental benefits.
This project proposed a Meta heuristic based approach for optimal
placement and sizing of multiple Distributed Generation (DG), aimed at reducing
active and reactive energy losses in the distribution system. Power system
constraints, such as voltage magnitude limits and current boundaries are also
considered
Expected Result and Analysis The numerical results obtained using this method is compared with the best performance recorded
via the proposed method in terms of not only active and reactive energy loss but also voltage profile
and convergence characteristics.
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab Programming

project)
Other Related Field Optimization technique
elements)


FYP Title Investigation on the Effects of the Load on Ferroresonance Phenomenon
Description Ferroresonance is a serious resonant problem at the system frequency. It could lead to sustained
(i.e. long duration) overvoltage, unlike normal switching transients which generally get damped out
rapidly.
The ferroresonant conditions are normally satisfied when there are abnormal switching conditions or
iron core saturation of the transformer. The system losses and system load will have a damping
effect on the transients.
Expected Result and Analysis 1. Modelling the ferroresonant in PSCAD

2. Observe the effects and analyze the following will have on ferroresonance:
· With and without the load
· Varying the load

project)
elements)


FYP Title Index-based transmission for distributed generation in voltage stability and loss control incorporating
optimization technique
Description The integration of Distributed Generation (DG) in a distribution network may significantly affect
distribution performance. With the penetration of DG, voltage security is no longer an issue in the
transmission network. This project presents a study of DG on the IEEE 26-Bus Reliability Test
System (RTS) with the use of Fast Voltage Stability Index (FVSI) for determining its location and
incorporated with Meta Heuristic Algorithm to optimize the DG sizing for voltage stability analysis.
Expected Result and Analysis The results of the optimization process of DG are utilized for the benefit of power system operators
and planners in the utility. The proposed index-based technique using FVSI provides adequate
information in determining the location of DGs throughout the system in order to maintain its stability
of voltage and prevent a collapse.

project)
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FYP Title Development of hyper heuristic algorithm for multi-DG Planning in Distribution System
Description The developed hyper heuristic algorithm is incorporated with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in order
to determine the distribution loss and penetration level (PL) for the purpose of DG planning in
distribution system. AIS-ANN was developed to optimize the weight of the ANN and minimize the
RMSE for accurate prediction of multi-DG placement.
Expected Result and Analysis The result of distribution loss and penetration level (PL) will be analyze in order to determine the
accurate prediction of multi DG planning. Results obtained from the study could be utilized by the
utility for loss reduction scheme in distribution system.

project)
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FYP Title Cost–beneft analysis for optimal DG placement in distribution systems by using meta heuristic
algorithm
Description Distributed generations (DGs) are small generating plants which are connected to consumers in
distribution systems to improve the voltage profile, reduction in power losses and economic benefits.
The above benefits can be achieved by optimal placement of DGs. To minimize line losses of power
systems, it is crucially important to define the size and location of local generation to be placed.
Proper location of DGs in power systems is important for obtaining their maximum potential benefits.
Expected Result and Analysis The results of the optimization process of DG are utilized for the benefit of power system operators
and planners in the utility. The power system planner can adopt the suitable sizes and locations from
the obtained result in term of economic analysis on DG system.

project)
Other Related Field Optimization Technique
elements)


FYP Title A hybrid optimization method for distributed generation allocation in power distribution networks
Description Distributed generation gains a noticeable attention from governments and policy-makers. The
appropriate site and proper size recognition for these generators can improve the network
performance. In this study, a new hybrid optimization method is proposed to determine the optimal
allocation of distributed generators aiming to improve the total active and reactive losses and voltage
regulations of the network. The objective function has been considered for the sake of clarity;
however, other objective functions may be included at the same time.
Expected Result and Analysis This study proposes a novel approach for simultaneous optimal allocation of the multiple DGs by a
multi objective optimization using weight factors and the introduced parameter indices. In addition,
the size of multiple DGs is optimized by specifying the share of generation to each network bus.
Three objectives have been investigated in the networks: lines active and reactive power losses and
the deviation of bus voltages. The technical aspects of determination DG allocation are considered
for optimization in this study.

project)
Other Related Field Power System, Optimization technique
elements)


FYP Title Multi-area Economic Dispatch using Heuristic Optimization Algorithms
Description The student expected to:

- learn about the economic load dispatch focusing to multi-area problem
- understand the concept of heuristic optimization and program the algorithm
- apply the optimization algorithm to multi-area economic load dispatch problem
Expected Result and Analysis The optimization algorithm will be applied to various test systems of multi-area economic load
dispatch problem and compare the performance with other methods in terms of best results, standard
deviation, time, convergence and others.
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab Programming (Training provided)

project)
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FYP Title Solving Multi-fuel Economic Dispatch using Heuristic Optimization Algorithm

- learn about the economic load dispatch focusing to multi-fuel generator problem
- apply the optimization algorithm to multi-fuel economic load dispatch problem
Expected Result and Analysis The optimization algorithm will be applied to various test systems of multi-fuel economic load
dispatch problem and compare the performance with other methods in terms of best results, standard
deviation, time, convergence and others.

project)
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FYP Title Solving Combine Economic and Emission Dispatch using Multi-objective Optimization Algorithm

- learn about the economic load dispatch focusing on economic and emission problem
- apply the optimization algorithm to economic and emission load dispatch problem
Expected Result and Analysis The optimization algorithm will be applied to various test systems of economic and emission
economic load dispatch problem and compare the best compromised attain results with other
methods in terms of optimum fuel cost and optimum emission release amount

project)
elements)


FYP Title Solving Economic Dispatch using Heuristic Optimization Algorithm with Constraint Handling Approach

- learn about the economic load dispatch
- understand the concept of heuristic optimization, constraint handling method and program the
algorithm
- apply the optimization algorithm to economic load dispatch problem with constraint handling method
Expected Result and Analysis The optimization algorithm will be applied to various test systems of economic load dispatch problem
and compare the performance with other methods in terms of best results, standard deviation, time,
convergence and others.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Load Forecasting Based on Deep Learning Using Long-short Term Method (LSTM)

- learn about load forecasting
- understand the concept of deep learning using the LSTM method
- apply the deep learning to predict the output forecast
Expected Result and Analysis Deep learning with the different models of LSTM will be applied and compare its prediction accuracy
performance in terms of error.
Tool / Software / Skills : Python (training provided)

project)
elements)


FYP Title Development of IoT based Power Monitoring System
Description This project about measure a voltage and current of single phase power supply. Student required to
do analysis on power supply parameters such as frequency, power and etc. student should use a IoT
platform to log the data and use appropriate media to display the data.
Expected Result and Analysis Expected to develop a prototype of the system. Analysis base on performance of the system and
analysis of power supply parameters such as frequency, power and etc.
Tool / Software / Skills : C programming, microcontroller and IoT system

project)
Other Related Field Communication, embedded system
elements)


FYP Title Modelling and Analysis of Zig-Zag Transformer for Grounding System
Description This project model the zig-zag transformer and discusses the use of the zig-zag transformers in a
power system to provide a high impedance ground system for the delta connected or ungrounded
power systems. The zig-zag transformer is typically one of the least costly methods that can be used
as a high impedance ground system.
Expected Result and Analysis 1. Model the zig-zag transformer in PSCAD based on some mathematical model and calculations-
the parameters and formula are following CIGRE standard.
2.During normal operation the current flowing in the zig-zag transformer is the magnetizing current
which is very small compared to the normal operating current and hence is negligible.
3.Under a line to ground fault the current flowing to the ground through the zig-zag
transformer is equal to the rated neutral current, if 100% line to neutral voltage is applied.
4. Analysis include harmonics and power factor.

project)
(WP1 is compulsory. WP2, required, WP5 Extent of applicable codes
elements)


FYP Title Transient Analysis on Power Transformer Due To On Load Tap Changer
Description On-load tap changer (OLTC) is essential in regulating the operation status of power transformers
employed in modern power systems. In this project, the student will analyse the effect of varying on
load tap changer to the power transformer
Expected Result and Analysis The transient effect on power transformer performance
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab/PSCAD-EMTDC

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Assessment of Harmonics at Hospital
Description This project will audit a power quality at a hospital. Assessment of Harmonics at hospital-based
equipment. However, the ability to diminish power quality concerns depends on the limitations
imposed by the system under study, especially infrastructure constraints.
Expected Result and Analysis Audit of power quality monitoring i.e level of THD in Hospital
Tool / Software / Skills : Fluke Power Analyser

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Modeling and Simulation of Overvoltage Surges in UniMAP Low Voltage Systems
Description Power system disturbances have been present since the inception of the electric utility industry.
However, yesterday’s loads are more forgiving of disturbances than today’s modern equipment. The
proliferation of sensitive electronic equipments such as PCs, variable speed drives and industrial
programmable controllers has made us more aware of power system disturbances, which went
unnoticed in the past. In the normal operation of power systems, unavoidable disturbances may
happen due to sag, swell, noise, and overvoltage surges. Overvoltage surges, however, are
damaging in nature and result in more frustrations and even fire in rare cases.
Expected Result and Analysis This project aims to investigate overvoltage surges due to possible causes such as lightning and
switching operations in a low voltage system.
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Soil Treatment to Reduce Grounding Resistance by Applying Low-Resistivity Material and Chemical
Ground Electrode in Different Grounding Systems Configurations
Description The effectiveness of the application of LRM is disclosed through field tests to decrease the resistance
of grounding in different configurations of grounding systems. In addition, a chemical electrode is
implemented in the soil with greater resistivity to analyze its behavior with respect to other designs.
Expected Result and Analysis The measurement of the resistivity of different soils, the modeling of each soil and the measurements
of the grounding resistances are presented together with these methods.
Tool / Software / Skills : Earth tester

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Fault current analysis for new UniMAP chancellery building using MATLAB
Description To calculate fault current at various location for power distribution for chancellery building and
comparison with MATLAB
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis on the fault current at various locations and the contributing factors

project)
elements)


FYP Title Transient stability study of multi-machine power systems using MATLAB/Simulink
Description This project focuses the development of a generalized dynamic model of multi-machine power
systems for transient stability analysis using MATLAB/Simulink. The generalized model of the power
systems can be used for teaching the power system transient phenomena and research purposes.
The developed simulation model will be tested on 3-machine 9 bus power system under different
three phase faults.
Expected Result and Analysis Simulation results of power output, difference angles and relative rotor angle speed deviations under
various disturbance conditions and different fault clearing time.
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Design of an Automatic Capacitor Bank Selector Unit for Power Factor Correction
Description The selector unit consists of a controller and capacitor bank in order to perform proper selection of
the capacitance which is appropriate to improve the low power factor due to high inductive loads.
There should be a microcontroller that monitors the phase difference between the voltage and current
and decides on the value of the capacitor it suppose to select in order to minimize the angle
differences. The controller will have a display unit that the user can monitor the present power factor
value.
Expected Result and Analysis The student needs to design circuits to measure the phase differences between the voltage and
current of the AC supply system into an inductive load and analyze the PF readings and the capacitor
values that need to be chose automatically.
Tool / Software / Skills : Ability to design electronic/electrical circuits and using microcontroller programming language.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Effect of Nonlinear Loads to Ring and Radial Circuits
Description Ring and Radial circuits are made for their respective functions. The reason of having either design of
circuit also depending on the functions, their difference in design means the effect of nonlinear loads
is also differs.
Expected Result and Analysis "Nonlinear load produces harmonics component in current, therefore for either ring or radial circuits,
harmonic components in current cause losses in power cable.
It is expected that the effect of current harmonics at both type of windings is tabulated, and respective
I2R loss correlation to %Thdi would produce a sizing equations of power cable for each kind of
winding". Required analysis: current harmonics spectrum, and copper loss due to different types of
circuit. Candidate needs to look into harmonic and loss analysis to produce a good comparative study
on the circuits.
Tool / Software / Skills : MATHCAD, PSCAD

project)
elements)


FYP Title 2. Field Experimental Study on the soil resistivity and ground resistance for dry and wet soil
Description A grounding system with high ground resistance provides unsafe path for the fault current, which
increases the risk of equipment failure as well as the likelihood of severe injury to human being. In
this case, if a fault current does not find any path to pass to the ground through a properly designed
grounding system, it finds an alternate path either via some sophisticated equipment or, in the worst-
case scenario, through the human body. Also, a poor grounding system leads to instrumentation
errors and harmonic distortions in any electrical system. Therefore, a good grounding system is very
important not only for safety reasons but also for preventing damages to industrial plants and
equipment.
Expected Result and Analysis -To collect an investigative result on resistivity and ground resistance for dry and wet soils.
- To analyze the resistivity and ground resistance using grid method.
- To validate the measured value with simulation results.
Tool / Software / Skills : Megger test kit

project)
Complex Engineering Problem WP1 Depth of knowledge required, WP5 Extent of applicable codes, WP6 Extent of stakeholder
elements)


FYP Title Soil resistivity measurement and analysis of grounding grids at substations.
Description The purpose of grounding system is to provide means to transfer electric currents into the earth
under normal and fault conditions without exceeding any working and equipment limits or badly
affecting continuousness of service and a person which is in the vicinity of grounded services
reduced the risk of danger of critical electric shock. Substation consisting of grounded wye
transformer supply to distribution network if ground fault occurs the fault current flow through earth
which creates ground potential rise within and nearby the substation.
Expected Result and Analysis "- to measure the soil resistivity in a existing substation.
- to improve the soil resistivity using grounding grid system
- to compare calculated parameters and existing design grounding system based on IEEE 80-2000
standard"
Tool / Software / Skills : Megger tester and Matlab

project)
elements)


FYP Title Simulation of Voltage Sags in Distribution Line Fault Using Simulink Model
Description Power quality is an important branch of power system engineering. It plays an important role to
ensure the quality of power being delivered to the industry customer. A single power quality event
such as voltage sag caused by fault occurred at transmission or distribution level may cause the
affected industries up to millions of monetary loss. Power quality events are typically categorized into
voltage sag, voltage swell, transient, harmonic, voltage notch and flicker. Power quality research is
the study of various phenomenons that causes power quality event to occur and the development of
mitigation strategy. In this project, MATLAB/Simulink with SimPowerSystems blockset is chosen as
simulation platform to simulate the distribution line fault in the distribution system. The distribution
voltage level used in the model is based on Malaysian grid code. This model might be useful to
simulate various power quality waveforms for power quality analysis algorithm research as well as
contribute to the power engineering education curriculum.
Expected Result and Analysis This line fault model is capable of simulating various line faults including single line to ground, double
line to ground, line to line, three phase and multistage faults.
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB/Simulink with SimPowerSystems; Good knowledge on EET301/EET308/EET411
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Impact of Switching and Lightning Transients in Underground Cables using ATP-EMTP
Description Switching and lightning transients in single core cables lead to over-voltages along cable cores and
also induced over-voltages on sheaths. The stress on cable insulation is in these cases significant.
Sheaths are usually grounded at cable terminals with small grounding resistances. Sheath grounding
can be also applied at sheath cross bonding points along cables and most commonly using sheath
voltage limiters, which are energized during transients. It is very hard to observe the lightning over-
voltages experimentally, and thus a numerical simulation is used to investigate it. Continuous
development of appropriate software packages makes simulation of power engineering problems
more and more effective. However, these analysis tools differ from each other considerably from the
point of view of the applicability to a special problem. ATP-EMTP is a suitable tool where it is specific
software to simulate power system transient problems.
Expected Result and Analysis "- To simulate lightning transient on the underground cables
- To study the effect of the voltage and underground cables when lightning transient hits the
transmission line
- To study the effect of different rise/fall time of lightning transient on underground cables"
Tool / Software / Skills : Sodftware
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title Power Arcing Fault Localization based on Singular Value Elimination
incipient stage of arcing fault detection, location and interpretation becomes vital for ensuring the
continued health of the equipments. The main aim of this project is to develop a reliable and efficient
technique for incipient stage of arcing fault localization.
When performing power arcing localization, it has the short-comings of large positioning error due to
on-site noise pollution. Therefore, this method proposes power arcing source localization method
based on singular value elimination.
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis : Using grid search method and Newton iteration method. The calculation results are
respectively linear mapping onto the x, y and z-axis.Then, the improved box-plot method will be used
to eliminate the singular point.
Expected result : 3D optimal coordinate of the real power arcing source.
Tool / Software / Skills : Ability to use MATLAB software

project)
elements)


FYP Title DC Arc Fault Localization Method Based on Leading Edge Detection Technique
An experimental investigation of arcing fault detection will be conducted using strategically placed
antennas. The signal arrival times of EM radiated signals will be measured. After that, leading edge
detection technique will be applied to the signals. Then, Neural Network analysis will be used to
determine the possible location of arcing source point.
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis : Analysis will be done using Neural Network method to solve the localization method.
Expected Result : Optimal coordinate of the real power arcing source
Tool / Software / Skills : Ability to use oscilloscope for data collection and ability to use MATLAB software

project)
elements)


FYP Title Arcing Fault Localization Method using Cross-correlation Technique
antennas. The signal arrival times of highest peak component of EM radiated signals will be
measured. Then, cross-correlation technique will be applied to the signals. Then, Neural Network
analysis will be used to determine the possible location of arcing source point.
Expected Result : Optimal coordinate of the real power arcing source

project)
elements)


FYP Title Development of Arcing Fault Localization Technique using First Peak Arrival of Electromagnetic (EM)
Radiated Signals
antennas. The EM signal radiated arrival times of first peak component will be measured. Then,
Neural Network analysis will be used to determine the possible location of arcing source point.
Expected Result : Optimal coordinate of the real power arcing source.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Simulation of Voltage Sags in Induction Motor Starting Using Simulink Model
simulation platform to simulate the induction motor starting model in the distribution system. The
distribution voltage level used in the model is based on Malaysian grid code. This model might be
useful to simulate various power quality waveforms for power quality analysis algorithm research as
well as contribute to the power engineering education curriculum.
Expected Result and Analysis This induction motor starting model is capable of simulating voltage sag caused by induction motor
starting and line faults influenced by the induction motor load.
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Simulation of Voltage Sags in Transformer Energizing Model Using Simulink Model
simulation platform to simulate the transformer energizing model in the distribution system. It is used
to simulate voltage sag caused by transformer inrush current and core saturation during
energizing.The distribution voltage level used in the model is based on Malaysian grid code. This
model might be useful to simulate various power quality waveforms for power quality analysis
algorithm research as well as contribute to the power engineering education curriculum.
Expected Result and Analysis This transformer energizing model is capable of simulating voltage sag caused by transformer inrush
current and core saturation during energizing. The sag magnitude of the transformer energizing
voltage sag is determined by the power rating of transformer power rating. The higher the transformer
power rating, the lower the sag magnitude.
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Power System Network Fault Classification and Location Using Support Vector Machine (SVM)
Description In recent years, power quality has become the main concern in power system engineering.
Classification and fault localization of power system faults is the first stage for improving power
quality and ensuring the system protection. For this purpose a robust classifier is necessary. The
main objective of this project is to develop a power system network fault classification and location
using Support Vector Machine (SVM).
Expected Result and Analysis - Modeling and simulate faults in power system network using ATPDraw program
- Analysis of faults signals in power system network using signal processing techniques
- Develop SVM based fault classification and location algorithm in MATLAB
Tool / Software / Skills : Software: ATPDraw & MATLAB, Skills: Circuit design, programming and data collection analysis

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title High Impedance Fault (HIF) Localization in LV Power System Network using Deep Learning Method
Description Locating the faulty section of a high-impedance fault (HIF) is quite challenging for the underground
distribution network of a power system. The complexity of the distribution network, such as branches,
nonhomogenous lines, and HIF, contributes to the difficulties in locating the faulty section. The main
objective of this project is to develop a HIFLocalization Using Deep Learning Method
Expected Result and Analysis - Modeling and simulate HIF faults in power system network using ATPDraw program
- Analysis of HIF faults signals in power system network using signal processing techniques
- Develop Deep learning based HIF fault detection and location algorithm in MATLAB
Tool / Software / Skills : Software: ATPDraw & MATLAB, Skills: Circuit design, programming and data collection analysis

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title An FPGA-based System for Wide Area Measurement Systems (WAMS) phasor measurement unit
(PMU)
Description PMUs are systems that processes phasor values of the power lines. The phasors includes magnitude
and angles of three phase voltages and currents along with real, reactive, apparent powers, positive
sequence voltage and current, frequency, etc. An algorithm that computes real time phasor estimates
can only be recommended for a PMU. The phasors can be used for power measurement and power
network protection system purpose. The main objective of this project is to develop an FPGA based
system model for Wide Area Measurement Systems (WAMS)
Expected Result and Analysis - Phasor estimation algorithm will be design using blockset in system generator in Matlab
- Translate the design model into VHDL for FPGA Platform
- Test and validate the developed FPGA-based system.
Tool / Software / Skills : Hardware/Software: FPGA, VHDL languange & MATLAB, Skills: Circuit design, programming and
data collection analysis
project)
Other Related Field
elements)

Code of FYP Title RE-1

FYP Title Comparison of MPPT Algorithms for Photovoltaic DC/DC Converter
Description Several Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithms applied on a specific DC/DC converter
for PV application will be simulated and evaluated. This project is expected to offer valuable
MATLAB/Simulink modelling and simulation hands-on experience. The scope of the project will be
discussed thoroughly during the first SV-student meeting, and will be finalized in accordance to the
student background, learning interest and future career path.
Expected Result and Analysis Performance evaluation and analysis of various MPPT algorithms

project)
elements)


FYP Title Optimization of Solar Cell Three Diode Model Parameters using Moth-Flame Optimization Algorithm
Description Solar cell I-V curve shows a detailed description of solar energy conversion ability and efficiency.
There are three main equivalent circuit models used to describe the non-linear I–V relationship which
are single, double, three diode models. Determination of the parameters plays an important role in
solar cell simulation, performance evaluation, design, optimization, and control. Therefore,
parameters identification with the help of a capable optimization technique is necessity. This final
year project proposed an application of the Moth-Flame Optimization Algorithm for identifying the
parameters of solar cell model.
Expected Result and Analysis There are two main results, first the optimize parameters and second the final objective function
value. Few statistical analysis are conducted for accuracies and capabilities verification. Furthermore,
these values will be compared with other reported values in the literature (obtained using difference
algorithms) in order to observe the performance.
Tool / Software / Skills : Good knowledge in programming and mathematical analysis. Software: Matlab/PSIM
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title Optimization of Solar Cell Three Diode Model Parameters using Sine-Cosine Algorithm
year project proposed an application of the Sine-Cosine Algorithm for extracting the parameters of
solar cell model.
value. Few statistical analysis are conducted for accuracies and capabilities verification. Furthermore,
these values will be compared with other reported values in the literature (obtained using difference
algorithms) in order to observe the performance.
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title Parameters Identification of Solar Cell Double Diode Model using Whale Optimization Algorithm
year project proposed an application of the Whale Optimization Algorithm for extracting the
parameters of solar cell model.
value. Few statistical analyses are conducted for accuracies and capabilities verification.
Furthermore, these values will be compared with other reported values in the literature (obtained
using difference algorithms) in order to observe the performance.
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title Parameters Identification of Solar Cell Double Diode Model using Salp Swarm Algorithm
year project proposed an application of the Salp Swarm Algorithm for extracting the parameters of
solar cell model.
value. The data used for optimization process will be taken from standard data used in the literature.
The statistical analyses such as mean, median, standard deviation and error analysis will be
conducted to verification the algorithm performance. For further verification, the comparison is
extended to the results produced by the state of art algorithm from literature.
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title Parameters Optimization of Solar Cell Single Diode Model using Elephant Herding Optimization
year project proposed an application of the Elephant Herding Optimization Algorithm for extracting
the parameters of solar cell model.
value. Few statistical analyses are conducted for accuracies and capabilities verification.
Furthermore, these values will be compared with other reported values in the literature (obtained
using difference algorithms) in order to observe the performance.
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title Design A 3.12 kWp of Nett Energy Metering (NEM) Solar Roof Top System for Residential based on
different types of PV Panel
Description The concept of NEM is that energy produced from installed solar PV system will be consumed first
any access will be exported to TNB. This scheme is replacemet from FiTs system and currently it
was popular scheme installed in Malaysia. However due to take full advantages of this system
installation, its require full simulation depend on exact location and right position to minimise
generation losses. Therefore this project is proposed for NEM at residential to obtain high output with
3.12kWp correct design.
Expected Result and Analysis The student is require to perform site visit for NEM solar PV installation, then continue with design
and analysis of the system using PVsyst software. The analysis must perform in term performance
ratio system, a yearly balanced and effective output energy, daily output generation, system output
distribution, and yearly losses of the system. The comparison between at least 3 type of PV panel
performance.
Tool / Software / Skills : PVsyst, Site Visit, Solar PV tools measurement

project)
Other Related Field Renewable Energy, Power System
Complex Engineering Problem WP1 Depth of knowledge required, WP6 Extent of stakeholder involvement and level of conflicting
(WP1 is compulsory. WP2, stakeholder involvement requirements, WP7 Inter-dependence
elements)


FYP Title INSTANTANEOUS POWER THEORY (PQ) CONTROL STRATEGY FOR OPTIMAL OPERATION
OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL THREE PHASE GRID INTERFACED SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM
Description This project focuses on designing and application of distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) for
grid connected solar PV system by using Instantaneous Reactive Power (PQ) Theory to mitigate
harmonic distortions at the Point of Common Coupling following IEEE Standard 519:2014 which is
THD should be less than 8%.

project)
elements)


FYP Title SYNCHRONOUS REFERENCE FRAME THEORY (SRF) CONTROL STRATEGY FOR OPTIMAL
OPERATION OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL GRID CONNECTED SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEM
Description This project focuses in designing and application of distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) for
grid connected solar PV system by using Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF) Theory to mitigate
harmonic distortions at the Point of Common Coupling following IEEE Standard 519:2014 which is
THD should be less than 8%.
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab Simulink and HDL cosimulation block set.

project)
elements)


FYP Title ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK-BASED OPTIMAL OPERATION OF THREE PHASE GRID
INTERFACED MULTIFUNCTIONAL SOLAR ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM
grid connected solar PV system by using Artificial Neural Network to mitigate harmonic distortions at
the Point of Common Coupling following IEEE Standard 519:2014 which is THD should be less than
8%.

project)
elements)


FYP Title IMPLEMENTATION OF RADIAL BASIS FUNCTION NEURAL NETWORKS (RBFNN) CONTROL
ALGORITHM FOR THREE-PHASE GRID TIED SPV-DSTATCOM SYSTEM
grid connected solar PV system by using Radial Basis Function Neural Network to mitigate harmonic
distortions at the Point of Common Coupling following IEEE Standard 519:2014 which is THD should
be less than 8%.
Expected Result and Analysis The expected results and analysis are:-
(a) the topic: Power quality improvement at the distribution network for nonlinear loads by using
GCPV based DSTATCOM.
(b) the method: Neural Network Based Radial Basis Function (RBFNN) control algorithm
(c) the sample:
- The student will model the nonlinear load by using three phase full-bridge diode rectifier with RL
load and measure the source current THD.
- Model the RBFNN controller for the GCPV-DSTATCOM to inject filter current at the distribution
system.
- Measure the source current THD after compensation by using GCPV-DSTATCOM.
- Convert the MATLAB Simulink controller model into HDL Coder by using HDL Cosimulation block
for FIL integration.
- Compare the results obtained from FIL and MATLAB simulation for THD source currents
with/without GCPV-DSTATCOM.
(d) the results of the project: Proposed RBFNN controller can mitigate harmonic current distortions at
the Point of Common Coupling following IEEE Standard 519:2014 which is THD should be less than
8%.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Robust Tracking Algorithm for Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking (DMPPT) of Photovoltaic
(PV) System
Description Under the nonuniform solar insolation conditions, the photovoltaic (PV) power system exhibits a
peculiar property of multimodal I-V or P-V characteristic and results in obtaining multiple local
maxima and a global maximum power point (MPP). Due to the presence of such nonideal power
characteristics, the conventional maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms cannot track the
actual global MPP successfully. Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking (DMPPT) is envisaged
as one of the solutions to deal with these conditions.
Expected Result and Analysis This project will investigate the application of distributed MPPT (DMPPT) technique in dealing with
nonuniform solar insolation conditions. A suitable control algorithm will be developed to capture the
optimum global MPP effectively.
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB and Simlink
Scope Modelling, algorithm

project)
elements)


FYP Title Optimal Sizing of Self-Consumption Grid-Connected Solar PV System for Industrial Application
Description The objective of this project is to design the optimal sizing of self-consumption grid-connected solar
PV system for industrial applications. Student will select one industrial plant or factory as a case
study. First step is to study the industrial's load profile such as amount of energy consumed, its peak
demand and equipment used. Then student will design a grid-connected solar PV system based on
the load profile obtained. The performance of the designed system is simulated by using PVsyst and
Homer software in terms of technical and economical aspect.
Expected Result and Analysis Performance evaluation of the designed system for both technical and economical aspect.
Tool / Software / Skills : Design Calculation, AutoCAD, PVsyst and Homer Software

project)
elements)


FYP Title Optimal Sizing of Grid-Connected Solar PV System Under Net Energy Metering Scheme for
Commercial Application
Description The objective of this project is to design the optimal sizing of grid-connected solar PV system under
net energy metering (NEM) for commercial applications. Student will select one commercial building
as a case study. First step is to study the building's load profile such as amount of energy consumed,
its peak demand and equipment used. Then student will design a grid-connected solar PV system
under Net Energy Metering scheme based on the load profile obtained. The performance of the
designed system is simulated by using PVsyst and Homer software in terms of technical and
economical aspect.
Tool / Software / Skills : Design Calculation, AutoCAD, PVsyst and Homer Software.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Optimal Sizing of Off-grid Solar PV System with Battery Storage for Remote Residential Area
Description The objective of this project is to design the optimal sizing of off-grid solar PV system with battery
storage for remote residential area. Student will select one remote village as a case study. First step
is to study the building's load profile such as amount of energy consumed and its peak demand. Then
student will design an off-grid solar PV system with battery storage based on the load profile
obtained. The performance of the designed system is simulated by using PVsyst and Homer software
in terms of technical and economical aspect.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Optimal Design of Solar Pholtovoltaic Power Plant under Large Scale Solar PV Scheme at UniMAP
Kampus Pauh Putra Land Area.
Description The objective of this project is to design the optimal sizing of solar photovoltaic power plant under
Large Scale Solar PV (LSSPV) scheme. Student will be given land area which are Plot B1 and Plot
B2 at UniMAP Kampus Pauh Putra as a case study. Student will design a grid-connected solar PV
system under LSSPV scheme based on land area given. Then the performance of the designed
system is simulated by using PVsyst and Homer software in terms of technical and economical
aspect.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design of Microcontroller-based Energy Saving Project for a Commercial Building
Description The objective of this project is to design an energy saving project for commercial buildings. Student
will select one commercial building as a case study. First step is to study the building's load profile
such as amount of energy consumed, its peak demand and equipment used. Then student will
propose and design an energy saving project based on the load profile obtained in order to reduce
the energy consumption. The performance of the designed system is simulated by using software
package and hardware implementation in terms of technical and economical aspect.
Expected Result and Analysis Performance evaluation of the energy saving project for both technical and economical aspect.
Tool / Software / Skills : Design Calculation, Proteus Software, Arduino Programming, Hardware Implementation

project)
Other Related Field Energy Efficiency
elements)


FYP Title Analysis on the effect of generated power and efficiency due to contaminants on photovoltaic solar
panel
Description To analyze on different power generated and PV panel efficiency due to different type and amount of
contaminants on solar panel.
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis on power generated and solar panel efficiency to compare the effect of different
contaminants
Tool / Software / Skills : PVsyst

project)
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FYP Title Comparison study on the performance of monocrystalline PV solar panel with solar concentrator.
Description Application of a solar concentrator for a PV panel with data collection for comparison on the amount
of power generated with and without concentrator including economic analysis.
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis on the additional power generated, efficiency and cost involved with the economic analysis
for application of solar concentrator on large scale installations.
Tool / Software / Skills : PVsyst

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design of Rotational Axis Tracking System for Solar Photovoltaic Application
Description Designing the rotational system using Arduino software and Analysis on comparison of data
collection from power generated from static and rotating PV panel
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis on additional power generated with rotational solar panel and comparison of power
generated with and without the designed system.
Tool / Software / Skills : PVsyst, Arduino

project)
elements)


FYP Title Study of Partial Shading Effects on Solar PV Module Configurations Using MATLAB/Simulink
Description When the PV cells are exposed to partial shading as a result of a multitude of environmental
conditions, the performance of the solar PV module is remarkably affected in terms of the efficiency
of the system. In many cases, the PV arrays are shadowed, whether completely or partially, by
passing clouds, neighboring buildings and towers, trees, or the shadow of one solar array falling on
another. The proposed model also includes a general model of a PV module using
MATLAB/Simulink. This study investigates the effects of partial shading on energy output of different
configurations of solar PV modules.
Expected Result and Analysis In this study, three different solar PV configurations will be investigated: 1) Series 2) Parallel, and 3)
Series-Parallel. All the considered PV configurations will be analyzed using several possible
scenarios of shading in order to evaluate their performances and to find a configuration that is
comparatively less susceptible to electrical mismatches due to shadow problems.

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Design of PV array with boost converter system using Matlab Simulink
Description The recent upsurge in the demand of PV systems is due to the fact that they produce electric power
without hampering the environment by directly converting the solar radiation into electric power.
However the solar radiation never remains constant. It keeps on varying throughout the day. The
need of the hour is to deliver a constant voltage to the grid irrespective of the variation in
temperatures and solar insolation. This project study the design of open loop characteristics of the
PV array with variation in temperature and irradiation levels using Matlab Simulink. Then the PV array
coupled with the boost converter in such a way that with variation in load, the varying input current
and voltage to the converter follows the open circuit characteristic of the PV array.
Expected Result and Analysis The DESIGN of open-circuit characteristic of the PV cell and the boost converter will be studied in
depth. The P-V, I-V, P-I curves will be obtained at varying irradiation levels and temperatures. The
generation of the PWM signal and output load of the boost converter is varied and the variation in the
input voltage and current fed into the boost converter will be plotted.
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Performance Analysis of Hybrid Cooling System for Solar PV Modules
Description The purpose is to study the effect of various weather conditions on the output performance of solar
panels. Furthermore, the performance of solar panel can be affected by various factors including
ambient temperature, solar panel temperature, weather, sunlight and solar irradiation. Thus the
hybrid which consists of water and air cooling system has been designed to overcome this problem in
terms of power output of solar panel.
Expected Result and Analysis The experimental result will be conducted for detecting the temperature and the output power of Solar
PV panel with water cooling system and hybrid cooling system which consists of water and air
cooling system. The implementation of hybrid cooling system can reduce the temperature and
consequently increase the power output of the Photovoltaic (PV) panel. Furthermore, the temperature
of the Solar PV panel need to be maintained to produce an efficient output power.
Tool / Software / Skills : PVsyst or MATLAB/Simulink software

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Modelling and simulation of PV-Wind hybrid energy system using Matlab Simulink
Description This project model a stand-alone hybrid Solar PV- Wind energy system for applications in isolated
area. This project will include the design and sizing of the hybrid PV-wind system. The wind and solar
PV system are connected to the common load through DC/DC Boost converter. The performance of
the hybrid system is evaluated under different wind speeds and different irradiation levels.
Expected Result and Analysis The proposed design and sizing of hybrid PV-wind energy system will be presented in detail. Then
the performance of the system is evaluated for various wind speeds and various irradiation levels.
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Modeling and simulation of a micro grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system using Matlab Simulink
Description In this project, a MATLAB Simulink model will be constructed mimicking a detailed representation of
the system tied to the local low voltage grid. The aim of the modeling is to provide early evaluation of
the system performance for grid-connected PV system. The economical savings of the system is
evaluated on the Net Energy Metering (NEM) scheme.
Expected Result and Analysis The model is first will be tested under standard temperature conditions (STC). Then the energy and
economic evaluation will be performed based on the monthly averaged daylight hours and residential
power consumption under NEM scheme.
Scope Modelling
project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Solar-Powered Streetlights with Doppler Control
Description This research describes the design and testing for a conceptual solar powered street-light utilizing
radar sensing. The radar is used to detect vehicles and pedestrians to alter light intensity and
increase energy savings. The four modules in the system include the power generation, radar sensor,
microcontroller to change intensity, and the lighting module. The power generation module consists
of both a solar power system and grid connection. The solar power system is the main source that
will be used to power the light module, while the grid connection is the secondary source to be used
in non-ideal and emergency situations. The radar sensing and microcontroller communicate with
each other in order to change the intensity of the light when a vehicle or pedestrian is detected.
Expected Result and Analysis The student will perform an analysis on a few smart lighting control, compared them and based on
that analysis and comparison, suggest and develop the best control method for a smart lighting
system. Also expected the student to provide details analysis on the doppler control system and the
control parameters applied for this project."
Tool / Software / Skills : Programming (C Language and Matlab)
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title Harmonic Allocation Method for Power Distribution System with Nonlinear Load Condition
Description Harmonics existence in power distribution system is unavoidable due to the necessity of electronic
loads. These loads are nonlinear loads which are producing disturbances at current waveform.
Harmonics components in current rise RMS value of current which causes additional operational
stresses in power system equipments. Through Harmonic Allocation method, the effect of harmonics
in current towards power system equipment can be mitigated safely.
Expected Result and Analysis The expected result includes producing a capacity allocations of KV, KVA, and kW with respect to
level of harmonics in current. The measurement to be conducted should related to the sustainability
of harmonic loss in the system. This to ensure that harmonic loss can be sustain by the size of the
system so that the KV/KVA/KW of the system can reflect the linear and nonlinear load operation
capability
Tool / Software / Skills : MATLAB Simulink, Very good interpersonal skill.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Smart Vertical Gardening System (VGS) for Green Bus Stop in UniMAP
Description Vertical Gardening System (VGS) requires very little use of land for growing crops and flowers. Apart
from beautification purpose, VGS is able to provide heat reduction through natural processes of
ventilation and UV filtering. This project requires the candidate to provide a platform for VGS at any
existing Bus Stop in UniMAP to produce heat reduction and at the same time providing somekind of
circular economy activity in the form of crop growing. The economy activities will provide a
sustainable business model to cater for Green Bus Stop maintenance and services
Expected Result and Analysis The candidate should come up with a VGS system with a smart monitoring and watering capability.
Coupled with any related environmental sensors, the VGS management will be a variation of looping
control system. On the back of 12 months of FYP, it is expected that the proposed VGS is able to
produce beautification purposs and also intended circular economy
Tool / Software / Skills : Very good human capability. Some hardwork. MATLAB Simulink

project)
Other Related Field Power Electronics, Control and Optimisation, Communication
elements)


FYP Title Sensor Networking System for Integrated Multi Sourced Renewable Energy
Description This project focuses on designing an integrated system consisting of sensor networking intended to
harvest energy from multiple sources of Renewable Energy. It is a combination of sensing and
harvesting capability, to charge an specified storage system.
Expected Result and Analysis The design is expected to have a sensing capability, which points out which RE sources are available
at that particular time, and projecting its total energy for a specific given time. The harvesting part
would be able to capture the sources and store them into a storage device. MATLAB can be used as
a medium to integrate the sensing capability and storage of energy. Through multiple control strategy,
the charge and discharge of battery can be proposed from various sources of RE. The analysis
should come in the sense which RE sources to be powering the battery at any particular time, and as
other RE sources becomes more potentious, the control strategy can switch automatically to the
preferred RE sources, making the process of battery charging continuous all the time

project)
elements)


FYP Title Performance analysis of 4 kW grid connected solar photovoltaic system
Description Analyze the performance of Developed 4kW grid connected solar system. The study including solar
panel temperature, ambient temperature and output power of grid connected solar photovoltaic
system for certain period.
Expected Result and Analysis Solar panel temperature, ambient temperature and solar photovoltaic output performance for at least
6 month period
Tool / Software / Skills : PV Syst and Fluke analyzer

project)
Other Related Field
elements)
Project Requirements Simulation, Simulation and hardware


FYP Title Simulation and performance analysis of 100 kW rooftop solar photovoltaic system
Description To design and simulate the performance of 100 kW solar rooftop system by using PVSyst. The
design will include the different type of solar module. The performance study including effect of
temperature, irradiance and PSH to the performance of the solar system
Expected Result and Analysis Output performance of the design 100 kW rooftop solar system with different solar module. The
results including performance ratio, monthly generate energy and total generate energy.
Tool / Software / Skills : PVSyst

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Improvement of the energy harvesting technique for grid connected PV rooftop system
Description Investigate the improvement of output performance for rooftop grid connected photovoltaic system.
The performance of the system with passive cooling technique will be compare with the conventional
system
Expected Result and Analysis Analysis of the output performance with passive cooling and conventional system
Tool / Software / Skills : PVSyst

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Feasibility Study of Thermal Energy Harvesting on the Surface of a Body of Water
Description Thermal energy is a form of energy that produces heat. It is also known as heat energy. It comes
from vibrations of molecules and atoms particles that collide between each other. The thermal
temperature will rise when the vibration of the particles became faster. The vibration speed of the
particles can change the state of matter. Thermal energy can be harvested to create another energy
or act as a source of energy which much cleaner and cheaper. The Seebeck effect is the build-up of
an electric potential across a temperature gradient. A thermoelectric generator utilises this effect to
convert the thermal energy to electrical energy.
Expected Result and Analysis Development of a thermal energy harvester prototype; the energy will be harvest from the
temperature difference between two conditions (water body and ambient temperature) by using a
thermoelectric generator (TEG) or Seebeck generator to generate electricity. Data collection of the
temperature differences will be analysed to investigate the feasibility of direct energy conversion.
Tool / Software / Skills : TEG Modules / LT Spice

project)
Other Related Field
elements)


FYP Title Design and analysis of piezoelectric unimorph cantilever structure for energy harvesting application
Description Student will analyse the mathematical model of unimorph Cantilever structure of Piezoelectric for
energy harvesting application
Expected Result and Analysis Student will identify the Maximum voltage output For the energy harvesting selected
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab or Comsol

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design of automatic multi-axis tracking system for solar photovoltaic application
Description Solar power systems is one of the fastest growing interventions augmenting fossil power and its
application is now expanding beyond domestic utilization to commercial and industrial dependence.
Due to continuous change in the position of the sun together with other salient factors, only a fraction
of the suns energy potential is harnessed. Solar trackers are practical solutions to this drawback. In
this project, student need to design a multi-axis solar tracking system using an Arduino. Comparison
study with the fixed solar panel is required.
Expected Result and Analysis The student needs to develop a multi-axis solar tracking system as well as the conventional fixed
solar system. A performance comparison between those systems is conducted. The proposed solar
tracking system is expected to be able to follow the sun movement, hence increase the efficiency of
solar energy harvesting compared to the fixed solar panel.
Tool / Software / Skills : Arduino

project)
elements)


FYP Title Dielectric properties of paulownia hardwood with variation of grain orientati
Description Paulawnia is a deciduous hardwood which is the fastest growing trees in the world. Paulownia has
machining and woodworking characteristics similar to NW Red Cedar and is not affected by humidity
and moisture. Paulownia has a natural resistance to termites and high-temperature resistance.
Craftsmen have utilized this wood in Plywood, veneer, furniture, boxes, millwork/siding, musical
instruments (electric guitar bodies), clogs, carvings, boat and aircraft construction and many other
areas where an aesthetic and light wood is in demand. Besides, in Europe and USA pay great
attention to the plantation of Paulownia in order to obtain raw materials for the production of solid and
liquid biofuels. The wood is light but strong and will not crack or split when nails or screws are used.
Physical and mechanical properties of Paulownia wood is easily found in wood datasheet; however,
its electrical properties are not reported elsewhere. This project is to explore the dielectric properties
of Paulownia wood on different grain orientation (cross-cut, rip-cut, and miters cut) to enrich the wood
database and increase its application potential in electrical field by using dielectric spectroscopy.
Expected Result and Analysis Paulownia wood is a very good insulator may due to having very large pores on the cross-cut
direction. It is said to have twice the “R” factor as pine or oak wood. It is expected that the rib-cut
direction has the lowest dielectric constant, while the cross-cut direction has the highest value. In
addition, the cross-cut specimen may have the highest value conductivity than others. The variations
of dielectric constant, tangent delta, a.c. conductivity, and etc of the wood will be analysed and
discussed. The empirical results obtained from this project enable to increase the application
potential of the wood in electrical field.

project)
elements)


FYP Title 3. Characterization of various potassium contents in organic fertilizer with/without 2% of MgO using
dielectric technique
Description In Malaysia, palm oil waste management is an important step to reduce the direct impact on land and
environment, as well as helping the government to solve the municipal problem. Therefore, oil palm
waste was crushed, composted and granulated to convert into organic fertilizer with the addition of
three nutrients, namely Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium content. This kind of nutrient is a need
for improving crop yields at a reduced cost and improving soil structure. Fertilizers are usually
labelled with three numbers, as in 18-20-10, indicating the relative content of the macronutrients
nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), respectively. For example, a 15-13-20 fertilizer
would contain 15% by weight of nitrogen, 13% by weight of P2O5, 20% of K2O, and 67% of some
inert ingredient. The aim of this study is to investigate the dielectric response of the compound with
different NPK contents. This project is to characterization of various potassium contents in the
organic fertilizer with/without 2% of MgO using the dielectric technique in the frequency range of 4 Hz
to 5 MHz. The dielectric constant is indicative of the material’s capability for storing energy in the
electric field (electrical polarization) whereas dielectric loss is indicative of the material’s capability for
absorbing energy from the alternating electric field. The variation of dielectric properties of organic
fertilizers with various potassium content is very much useful in agriculture. From this project, the
student can learn the dielectric technique and apply dielectric knowledge to analyse data.
Expected Result and Analysis Dielectric materials behave differently in the presence of an electromagnetic field. The variations of
dielectric constant, dielectric loss, a.c. conductivity of organic fertilizers for different potassium
contents could be measured. It is expected that at given potassium content in the organic fertilizer the
dielectric constant and dielectric loss value decreases with increase in frequency from 4 Hz to 5 MHz.
Further, it is observed that at a given frequency of measurement the dielectric constant and dielectric
loss of the fertilizer increases with an increase in potassium content. The variation of tangent delta
and conductivity with frequency for various potassium contents in the fertilizer will also be studied.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Characterization of various phosphorous contents in organic fertilizer with/without 2% of MgO using
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium content. This kind of fertilizer is a need for improving crop
yields at a reduced cost and improving soil structure. Fertilizers are usually labelled with three
numbers, as in 18-20-10, indicating the relative content of the macronutrients nitrogen (N),
phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), respectively. For example, a 15-13-20 fertilizer would contain
15% by weight of nitrogen, 13% by weight of P2O5, 20% of K2O, and 67% of some inert ingredient.
The aim of this study is to investigate the dielectric response of the compound with different NPK
contents. This project is to characterization of various phosphorous contents in the organic fertilizer
with/without 2% of MgO using the dielectric technique in the frequency range of 4 Hz to 5 MHz. The
dielectric constant is indicative of the material’s capability for storing energy in the electric field
(electrical polarization) whereas dielectric loss is indicative of the material’s capability for absorbing
energy from the alternating electric field. The measurement of dielectric properties of organic
fertilizers and phosphorus contents is very much useful in agriculture. From this project, the student
can learn dielectric technique and apply dielectric knowledge to analyse data.
dielectric constant, dielectric loss, a.c. conductivity of organic fertilizers for different phosphorus
contents could be measured. It is expected that at given phosphorus content in the organic fertilizer
the dielectric constant and dielectric loss value decreases with increase in frequency from 4 Hz to 5
MHz. Further, it is observed that at a given frequency of measurement the dielectric constant and
dielectric loss of the fertilizer increases with an increase in phosphorus content. The variation of
tangent delta and conductivity with frequency for various phosphorus contents in the fertilizer will also
be studied.

project)
elements)


FYP Title Characterization of various nitrogen contents in organic fertilizer with/without 2% of MgO using
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium content. This kind of fertilizer is a need for improving crop
yields at a reduced cost and improving soil structure. Fertilizers are usually labelled with three
numbers, as in 18-20-10, indicating the relative content of the macronutrients nitrogen (N),
phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), respectively. For example, a 15-13-20 fertilizer would contain
15% by weight of nitrogen, 13% by weight of P2O5, 20% of K2O, and 67% of some inert ingredient.
The aim of this study is to investigate the dielectric response of the compound with different NPK
contents. This project is to characterization of various nitrogen contents in the organic fertilizer
with/without 2% of MgO using the dielectric technique in the frequency range of 4 Hz to 5 MHz. The
dielectric constant is indicative of the material’s capability for storing energy in the electric field
(electrical polarization) whereas dielectric loss is indicative of the material’s capability for absorbing
energy from the alternating electric field. The measurement of dielectric properties of organic
fertilizers and nitrogen content is very much useful in agriculture. From this project, the student can
learn dielectric technique and apply dielectric knowledge to analyse data
dielectric constant, dielectric loss, a.c. conductivity of organic fertilizers for different nitrogen contents
could be measured. It is expected that at given nitrogen content in the organic fertilizer the dielectric
constant and dielectric loss value decreases with increase in frequency from 4 Hz to 5 MHz. Further,
it is observed that at a given frequency of measurement the dielectric constant and dielectric loss of
the fertilizer increases with an increase in nitrogen content. The variation of tangent delta and
conductivity with frequency for various nitrogen contents in the fertilizer will also be studied.

project)
elements)
Project Requirements

FYP Title Hybrid battery/supercapacitor energy storage system for the electric vehicles
Description Electric vehicles (EVs) have recently attracted considerable attention and so did the development of
the battery technologies. Although the battery technology has been significantly advanced, the
available batteries do not entirely meet the energy demands of the EV power consumption. One of
the key issues is non-monotonic consumption of energy accompanied by frequent changes during the
battery discharging process. This is very harmful to the electrochemical process of the battery. A
practical solution is to couple the battery with a supercapacitor, which is basically an electrochemical
cell with a similar architecture, but with a higher rate capability and better cyclability.
Expected Result and Analysis The strategy and performance of the battery and supercapacitor to cater the high frequency and low
frequency load will be simulated and analyzed

project)
elements)


FYP Title Optimal Energy management of shipboard power system integrated with the energy storage in short
haul ferry.
Description Maritime transportation is moving toward more energy efficiency with reduced emission. In integrated
power system (IPS), all power sources (e.g. diesel engine) including load (e.g. electric propulsion
load and service load) is connected in one common network. In this sense, the energy management
system can be coordinated easily. Emerging technology in energy storage system in ship is
becoming promising as it can reduce the fuel consumption from the internal combustion engine. This
study is to propose and analyzed the energy management for ship optimal operation with and without
energy storage system in shipboard power system based on practical case study.
The methods to measure the fuel usage improvement is by using the SFC curve provided by the
manufacturer of the diesel generator with respect to the load.
Expected Result and Analysis fuel consumption improvement from the diesel generator. Sizing the battery to improve the fuel
consumption
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab simulink
Scope Modelling
project)
elements)


FYP Title Design and analysis of bimorph piezoelectric cantilever structure for energy harvesting application
Description Student will analyse the mathematical model and working principal of bimorph Cantilever structure of
Piezoelectric for energy harvesting application
Expected Result and Analysis Student will identify the maximum voltage output using matlab or comsol for energy harvesting
application selected
Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab or comsol

project)
elements)


FYP Title Performance analysis of different configuration and arrangement of solar PV panels.
Description The project is about combination arrangement in series and parallel of different power rating of solar
pv to analyse their effects and performance to the grid. Experiment to be compared back-to-back with
standard pv system arrangement of the same power output.
Expected Result and Analysis Daily Performance data of power, current, voltage for 4 weeks to be executed, compared and
analysed. Minimum of 5 Different arrangement to be tested.
Tool / Software / Skills : Circuit analysis, power quality analysis, testing at field, work at high, solar panels wiring

project)
Other Related Field Renewable Energy, Power System
elements)


FYP Title Performance analysis on voltage, current and energy capacity of aged pv solar panels
Description The project is to analyse a few aged pv panels to foresee the derated performance per stated in
datasheet under controlled sun intensity or else the experiment can be as well compared back-to-
back with brand new pv panel arrangement.
Expected Result and Analysis Daily Performance data of power, current, voltage for 4 weeks to be executed and analysed. A target
of 10 Different manufacturing datecode to be tested.
Tool / Software / Skills : Circuit analysis, power quality analysis, testing at field, work at high, solar panels wiring

project)
Other Related Field Renewable Energy, Power Electronics, Power System
elements)


FYP Title Power curve matching of an automotive battery for off grid pv system application
Description Automotive battery cost only a fraction of standard deep cycle type. However the assessment ,proper
sizing, charging and discharging duration setting (power curve design matching) need to be done to
suite the application of certain electrical pv solar system. The student shall design and propose the
experiment and perform the testing and analysis of certain automotive battery under generic load
setting.
Expected Result and Analysis The student shall design and propose the experiment and perform the testing and analysis of certain
automotive battery under generic load setting. Charging and discharging curve characterization to be
performed and presented accordingly.
Tool / Software / Skills : power electronic circuit, charging and discharging test , hardware wiring and testing

project)
elements)


FYP Title Design and Development of Microcontroller based PV IV-Curve tracer
Description PV module is a current source power supply. In order to measure it true performance, I-V curve need
to be obtained. Student should design and develop a circuit a obtain I-V curve of the PV including the
maximum power point and display it using an acceptable platform.
Expected Result and Analysis Expected a prototype of the I-V tracer. Analysis on the performance of the system compared to
theoretical/model of tested PV module.
Tool / Software / Skills : Microcontroller, C programming

project)
Other Related Field Power Electronics, embedded system
elements)

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FYP PROJECT- VETTING PROCESS

BACHELOR OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (RK23)

Code of FYP Title COMM-1

Scope Modelling, Theoretical Study

Project Requirements Simulation and hardware

Code of FYP Title COMM-10

Tool / Software / Skills : CST

Scope Modelling, Design Application, Theoretical Study

Project Requirements Simulation

Code of FYP Title COMM-11

Project Requirements Simulation

Code of FYP Title COMM-12

Project Requirements Simulation

Code of FYP Title COMM-13

Expected Result and Analysis Development of a prototype; automation of data collection.

Tool / Software / Skills : Hardware / Arduino

Scope Modelling, Data Collection, Design Application

Project Requirements Simulation

Code of FYP Title COMM-14

Tool / Software / Skills : Arduino

Scope Data Collection, Design Application, Theoretical Study

Project Requirements Simulation and hardware

Code of FYP Title COMM-15

Project Requirements Simulation

Code of FYP Title COMM-2

Scope Modelling, Theoretical Study

Project Requirements Simulation and hardware

Code of FYP Title COMM-3

Expected Result and Analysis "new design based on spiral antenna .

Scope Design Application, Theoretical Study

Project Requirements Simulation and hardware

Code of FYP Title COMM-4

Tool / Software / Skills : cst

Scope Design Application, Theoretical Study

Project Requirements Simulation and hardware

Code of FYP Title COMM-5

Scope Design Application, Theoretical Study

Project Requirements Simulation

Code of FYP Title COMM-6

Tool / Software / Skills : Computer Simulation Technology (CST) microwave

Scope Design Application, Theoretical Study

Project Requirements Simulation and hardware

Code of FYP Title COMM-7

Tool / Software / Skills : Cst

Scope Design Application, Theoretical Study

Project Requirements Simulation

Code of FYP Title COMM-8

Tool / Software / Skills : CST microwave

Scope Modelling, Design Application, Theoretical Study

Project Requirements Hardware

Code of FYP Title COMM-9

Tool / Software / Skills : CST

Scope Modelling, Design Application, Theoretical Study

Project Requirements Simulation

Code of FYP Title CS-1

Tool / Software / Skills : matlab

Scope Modelling, Data Collection

Project Requirements Simulation

Code of FYP Title CS-10

Tool / Software / Skills : Matlab, GAMS, Maple, Mathematica

Scope Theoretical Study

Project Requirements Simulation

Code of FYP Title CS-11