AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF

AIRCONDITIONER USING FUZZY LOGIC

Authorised By
SANTOSH BHARADWAJ REDDY
Email: help@matlabcodes.com
Engineeringpapers.blogspot.com
More Papers and Presentations available on
above site
ABSTRACT:
This paper gives a short introduction
into Fuzzy Logic, presents an overview
on fuzzy controllers, and its applications.
According to L.A.Zadeh, fuzzy logic is a
superset of conventional (Boolean) logic
that has been extended to handle the
concept of partial truth -- truth values
between "completely true" and
"completely false". Fuzzy Logic has
been gaining increasing acceptance
during the past few years. There are over
two thousand commercially available
sensing room temperature; and a control
unit for carrying out fuzzy logic by
inputting the detected room temperature
and the temperature error between
detected room temperature and sensed
room temperature and for compensating
the temperature error to linear-control an
operation frequency of the compressor
by inputting the compensated
temperature error.
WHAT IS FUZZY LOGIC?:--Fuzzy
logic is a powerful problem-solving

products using Fuzzy Logic, ranging methodology with a myriad of

from air conditioners to high speed
trains. Nearly every application can
potentially realize some of the benefits
of Fuzzy Logic, such as performance,
simplicity, lower cost, and productivity.
An air conditioner temperature control
apparatus comprising: a remotely
controlled signal receiving unit for
applications in embedded control
and information processing. It was
introduced by Dr. Lotfi Zadeh of
UC/Berkeley in the 1960's as a
means to model the uncertainty of
natural language. Zadeh says that
rather than regarding fuzzy theory
as a single theory, we should
regard the process of
``fuzzification'' as a methodology
to generalize ANY specific theory washing machines to high speed
from a crisp (discrete) to a trains. Nearly every application can
continuous (fuzzy) form .Thus potentially realize some of the
recently researchers have also benefits of Fuzzy Logic, such as
introduced "fuzzy calculus", "fuzzy performance, simplicity, lower cost,
differential equations", and so and productivity. Fuzzy Logic has
on.Fuzzy provides a remarkably been found to be very suitable for
simple way to draw definite embedded control applications.
conclusions from vague, Several manufacturers in the
ambiguous or imprecise automotive industry are using
information. In a sense, fuzzy logic fuzzy technology to improve quality
resembles human decision making and reduce development time. In
with its ability to work from aerospace, fuzzy enables very
approximate data and find precise complex real time problems to be
solutions.Unlike classical logic tackled using a simple approach. In
which requires a deep consumer electronics, fuzzy
understanding of a system, exact improves time to market and helps
equations, and precise numeric reduce costs. In manufacturing,
values, Fuzzy logic incorporates an fuzzy is proven to be invaluable in
alternative way of thinking, which increasing equipment efficiency
allows modeling complex systems and diagnosing malfunctions
using a higher level of abstraction APPLICATIONS OF FUZZY LOGIC
originating from our knowledge and
experience. Fuzzy Logic allows Fuzzy logic can be used to control
expressing this knowledge with household appliances such as washing
subjective concepts such as very machines (which sense load size and
hot, bright red, and a long time detergent concentration and adjust their
which are mapped into exact wash cycles accordingly) and
numeric ranges.Fuzzy Logic has refrigerators.A basic application might
been gaining increasing characterize sub ranges of a continuous
acceptance during the past few
variable. For instance, a temperature
years. There are over two thousand
measurement for anti-lock brakes might
commercially available products
have several separate membership
using Fuzzy Logic, ranging from
functions defining particular temperature
ranges needed to control the brakes
properly. Each function maps the same
temperature value to a truth value in the
0 to 1 range. These truth values can then
be used to determine how the brakes
should be controlled.
In this image, cold, warm, and hot are
functions mapping a temperature scale.
A point on that scale has three "truth
values" — one for each of the three
functions. For the particular temperature
shown, the three truth values could be
interpreted as describing the temperature
as, say, "fairly cold", "slightly warm",
and "not hot".A more sophisticated
practical example is the use of fuzzy
logic in high-performance error
correction to improve information
reception over a limited-bandwidth
communication link affected by data-
corrupting noise using turbo codes. The
front-end of a decoder produces a
likelihood measure for the value
intended by the sender (0 or 1) for each
bit in the data stream. The likelihood
measures might use a scale of 256 values
between extremes of "certainly 0" and
"certainly 1". Two decoders may analyze
the data in parallel, arriving at different
likelihood results for the values intended
by the sender. Each can then use as
additional data the other's likelihood
results, and repeats the process to
improve the results until consensus is
reached as to the most likely values.
AIR CONDITIONING
TEMPERATURE CONTROL
Temperature control is widely used in
various processes. These processes, no
matter if it is in a large industrial plant,
or in a home appliance, share several
unfavorable features. These include non-
linearity, interference, dead time, and
external disturbances, among others.
Conventional approaches usually do not
result in satisfactory temperature control.
In this Application Note we provide
examples of fuzzy logic used to control
temperature in several different
situations. These examples are
developed using FIDE, an integrated
fuzzy inference development
environment.
FUZZY CONTROLLER FOR
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM:--In
the following discussion, we give
examples of air conditioning systems,
ranging from a basic model to an
advanced model. We do not provide FIU
(Fuzzy Inference Unit) source code as
we have in previous application notes.
Instead, this time we concentrate on the
input/output variables of the fuzzy
controller for an air conditioning system.
There is a sensor in the room to monitor
temperature for feedback control, and
Figure 2 diagrams a fuzzy controller for
an air conditioning system basic model.
Rules for this controller may be
formulated using statements similar to:
If temperature is low then open heating
valve greatlalues such as low are defined
by fuzzy sets (membership functions).
We can use the MF-edit function in
A Basic Model:--Let us start with the
simplest air conditioning system, which
is shown in Figure 1. The only control
target in this system is temperature.
There are two adjustment valves to
change temperature. An example
provided in directory
/fide/examples/fans in the FIDE software
package is similar to this basic model.
Figure 1 Air Conditioning System:
Basic Model
there are two control elements, cooling
valve and heating valve, to adjust the air
supply temperature to the room. Figure
2 Fuzzy Controller for Air
Conditioning System: Basic Model
FIDE to define the fuzzy sets. Generally,
membership functions of fuzzy sets take
on a triangular shape because they are
effective and easy to manipulate. A
Modified Model:--In the real
world,however, it is usually not enough
to manage an air conditioning system
with temperature control only. We need
to control humidity as well. A modified
air conditioning system is shown in
Figure 3. There are two sensors in this
system: one to monitor temperature and
one to monitor humidity. There are three
control elements: cooling valve, heating
valve, and humidifying valve, to adjust
temperature and humidity of the air
supply.

Figure 3 Air Conditioning System: Modified Model

A fuzzy controller for this modified air temperature control in the basic model.
conditioning system is shown in Figure 4 Additional rules must take the
The two inputs to the controller are interference between temperature and
measured temperature and humidity. The humidity into account. For example, in
three outputs are control signals to the the winter, when we use heat to raise
three valves. figure 4 Fuzzy temperature, humidity is usually
Controller for Air Conditioning reduced. The air thus becomes too dry.
System: Modified Model To address this condition, a rule
statement similar to the following is
appropriate: If temperature is low then
open humidifying valve slightly.This rule
acts as a predictor of humidity (it leads
the humidity value) and is also designed
to prevent overshoot in the output
humidity curve. We could have
Rules for this controller can be
usedthefollowing rule: If humidity is low
formulated by adding rules for humidity
then open humidifying valve slightly.But
control to those already formulated for
its action, if acting as the only rule
forlow humidity, will be late when low
humidity is already the case.
An advanced model for
automobile passenger
environment: Temperature control in
an automobile passenger environment is
more complex than that of a static room
in a building. To address driver and
passenger comfort and safety, many
factors must be taken into account.
Temperature and humidity should be
controlled to provide an enjoyable ride.
However, it is also critical to keep
windows from being fogged, which is
caused by a temperature differential
between inside and outside air in
combination with the interior humidity.
To obtain satisfactory control results, the
CONCLUSION:--Air conditioning
systems are essential in most of our daily
strength of sunshine radiation and the
automobile speed must also be factored
in. Figure 5 shows a fuzzy controller
which employs five sensors to obtain
data for temperature control and
humidity control in an automobile. A
recent industry report on the application
of such a controller on a new model
automobile indicates this controller
outperforms conventional control
systems substantially. It prevents rapid
change of temperature in the car when
doors or windows are opened and then
closed. It even reacts to weather changes
because interior humidity changes
caused by the weather can be detected
by sensors. Figure 5 Fuzzy Controller
for Air Conditioning System: Advanced
Model
lives. Our expectations of such systems
have been raised to demand more than
just temperature control, and it is
increasingly desirable to apply these
systems in varying situations and
environments. A comfortable and safe
environment is often difficult to define
and affected by sometimes contradictory
factors. Fuzzy logic control provides an
effective and economic approach this
problem. Fuzzy controllers incorporated
in the latest model automobiles designed
by Japanese auto makers provide proof
that temperature control in diverse
environments can be solved. The key to
a good solution lies in thorough analysis
of factors affecting the control target and
the kinds of sensors and sensing
techniques used to detect these factors.
For an engineer, an ideal machine would
be one in which human requests are
automatically interpreted and responded
to by adjusting itself appropriately to
variations in the environment. Fuzzy
logic can help make this ideal a reality.
At the least, it makes the effort easier.

REFERENCES: --Zadeh L.A., Fuzzy Sets, ‘’Information and Control’’, 8 (1965)

338353.

• Ahmad M. Ibrahim ,Introduction to Applied Fuzzy Electronics, , ISBN 0-13-

206400-6--Sahelefarda 22:07, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
• www.wikipedia.com,. www.aptronix.com, .www.google.com
• Authorised By
• SANTOSH BHARADWAJ REDDY
• Email: help@matlabcodes.com
• Engineeringpapers.blogspot.com
• More Papers and Presentations available
on above site