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Equations Worksheet
A Self Teaching Chemistry Workbook to
Master Balancing Chemical Equations, Over 400
Reaction to Practice with Answers Key
Crispin Collins
Copyright ©2020 by Crispin Collins
Count the number of subscript in each atom, as already mentioned that if only
one atom is present there no subscripts are needed.
Count the number of subscript in each atom for 1 molecule and then multiply
each number of atom with coefficient to get the total number of atom.
a. 5HNO3
1 molecule of HNO3 consists of 1 Hydrogen (H), 1 Nitrogen (N), 3
Oxygen (O).
5 molecules of HNO3 consist of [1×5=5] Hydrogen (H), [1×5=5]
Nitrogen (N), [3×5=15] Oxygen (O).
Therefore 5 HNO3 consist of 5 Hydrogen (H), 5 Nitrogen (N), 15
Oxygen (O).
b. 4Al2O3
1 molecule of Al2O3 consists of 2 Aluminium (Al), 3 Oxygen (O).
4 molecules of Al2O3 consist of [2×4=8] Aluminium (Al), [3×4=12]
Oxygen (O).
Therefore 4 Al2O3 consist of 8 Aluminium (Al), 12 Oxygen (O).
Firstly multiply all the subscripts within parentheses with subscript and then
individually multiply the number of atom with the coefficient.
a. 2(NH4)2O
1 molecule of (NH4)2O consists of 8 Hydrogen (H) since [4H×2=8H],
2 Nitrogen (N) since [1N×2=2N], 1 Oxygen (O).
2 molecules of (NH4)2O consist of 16 Hydrogen (H) [8×2=16], 4
Nitrogen (N) [2×2=4], 2 Oxygen (O) [1×2=2].
Therefore 2 (NH4)2O consist of 16 Hydrogen (H), 4 Nitrogen (N), 2
Oxygen (O).
b. 3Na2(SO4)2
1 molecule of Na2(SO4)2 consists of 2 Sodium(Na), 2 Sulphur(S) since
[1S×2=2S], 8 Oxygen (O) since [4O×2=8O] .
3 molecules of Na2(SO4)2 consist of 6 Sodium(Na) since [2×3=6], 6
Sulphur(S) since [2×3=6], 24 Oxygen (O) since [8×3=24] .
Therefore 3Na2(SO4)2 consist of 6 Sodium(Na), 6 Sulphur(S), 24
Oxygen (O).
Note: solve the equations in a manner that all the variables are a positive integer. If the
variables are fractional values, then multiply each variable with the lowest common
denominator between all the variables.
4. The lowest value of each variable is obtained, hence their values can
be substituted into the chemical equation.
Therefore, aC2H4O2 + bO2 → cCO2 +d H2O
C2H4O2 + 2O2 → 2CO2 +2H2O
Thus, the balanced chemical equation is obtained.
The Traditional Balancing Method
2. The total number of atoms of each element in the reactant (left-hand side)
and product (right-hand side) are tabulated.
For example: FeCl3 + NaOH → Fe(OH)3 + NaCl
3. Identify the substance that has the largest number of different atoms or
complex substance. The coefficient is added to this substance that contains
the largest number of different atoms. Always assign coefficients of
hydrogen and oxygen atoms at last.
In this example:
Firstly let us now take FeCl3 reactant to balance. In this equation, Fe is
balanced on both sides. In order to balance Cl atom, add coefficient 3 in
front of NaCl so that both sides are balanced.
Note: the number of atoms of one species must be obtained by multiplying the
stoichiometric coefficient with the total number of atoms in 1 molecule of the
species.
When Left-hand side of reactant in the table is equal to the Right-hand side
of product then it shows that the equation has been balanced. After
balancing all the individual elements, once again check whether the total
number of atoms of each element on the reactant and product side are equal
if there are no imbalances, the chemical equation is said to be balanced.In
this example, the number of atoms in the reactant and product side of each
element is equal. Thus, the balanced chemical equation is
Reaction involving oxidation and reduction can be easily solved with the help
of oxidation numbers of each element.
Example:
Overall reaction:
3 Cu+ (aq) + Fe (s) → Fe 3+ (aq) + 3 Cu(s)
Now the reaction is balanced:
3 Cu+ (aq) + Fe (s) → Fe 3+ (aq) + 3 Cu(s)
1) NH3
N
7) GeB4
H
___ Ge
___ B
2) Mg3N2
___ Mg
8) TeCl4
___ N
___ Te
___ Cl
3) 4 S2Cl2
___ S
9) 4 P4S10
___ Cl
___ P
___ S
4) 2 ClF3
___ Cl
10) H3PO4
___ F
___ H
___ P
5) 2 H2SO4
___ O
___ H
___ S
11) 4 SiCl4
___ O
___ Si
___ Cl
6) 2 SeOCl2
___ Se 12) Sb2S3
___ O ___ Sb
___ Cl ___ S
19) Sb2O3
___ Sb
13) 5 Li2O
___ O
___ Li
___ O
20) 4 NaC5H5
___ Na
14) B3N3H3Cl3
___ C
___ B
___ H
___ N
___ H
21) Zn(C2H5)2
___ Cl
___ Zn
___ C
15) ZnO
___ H
___ Zn
___ O
22) Al(C2H5)3
___ Al
16) 3 B2O3
___ C
___ B
___ H
___ O
23) 6 SbCl3
17) 4 PH3
___ Sb
___ P
___ Cl
___ H
24) 2 BaSO4
18) Mg2Si
___ Ba
___ Mg
___ S
___ Si
___ O
25) ___ SbOCl3 30) 5 C6H5Cl
___ Sb ___ C
___ O ___ H
___ Cl ___ Cl
___ F ___ O
95) CO(NH2)2
90) 4 Al(OH)3 ___ C
___ Al ___ O
___ O ___ N
___ H ___ H
96) 2[Fe4S4(SR)4]2- 100) 3 Cr(C5H7O2)3
(R= alkyl group) ___ Cr
___ Fe ___ C
___ S ___ H
___ R ___ O
98) (C2H5)4Pb
___ C
___ H
___ Pb
99) (NH4)2SO4
___ N
___ H
___ S
___ O
Balance the Following Chemical Equation (3 Terms)
R and X represents Alkyl group and Halide group respectively.
126. ___ HgO + ___ Cl2 → ___ HgCl2 · HgO +___ Cl2O
227. ___ NH4Cl + ___ FeO → ___ FeCl2 + ___ H2O + ___ NH3
228. ___ NaAlO2 + ___ HF → ___ Na3AlF6 + ___ H2O +___ Al2O3
229. ___ NaNH2 + ___ N2O → ___ NaN3 + ___ NaOH + ___ NH3
230. ___ HCl + ___ HNO3 → ___ Cl2 + ___ NOCl + ___ H2O
231. ___ KO2 + ___ H2O → ___ KOH + ___ O2 + ___ H2O2
233. ___ Cr2O3 + ___ S2Cl2 → ___ CrCl3 + ___ SO2 + ___ S
236. ___ K2Cr2O7 + ___ H2SO4 → ___ K2SO4 + ___ H2O + ___ CrO3
238. ___ [Al(CH3)3]2 + ___ O2 →___ CO2 + ___ H2O + ___ Al2O3
241. ___ SnO + ___ KOH → ___ K2SnO3 + ___ Sn + ___ H2O
242. ___ SnO + ___ KOH → ___ Sn + ___ K4SnO4 + ___ H2O
243. ___ CaCN2 + ___ C + ___ Na2CO3 → ___ CaCO3 + ___ NaCN
244. ___ HNO2 + ___ Br2 + ___ H2O → ___ HNO3 + ___ HBr
246. ___ NH2OH + ___ HgO → ___ H2N2O2 + ___ Hg + ___ H2O
247. ___ P4 + ___ NaOH + ___ H2O → ___ PH3 + ___ NaH2PO
248. ___ As + ___ HNO3 → ___ As4O10 + ___ NO2 + ___ H2O
249. ___ PCl3 + ___ ROH → ___ (RO)2HPO + ___ HCl + ___ RCl
250. ___ N5SbF6 + ___ Cs2SnF6 → ___ (N5)2 SnF6 +___ CsSbF6
251. ___ MnO2 + ___ HCl → ___ H2O + ___ MnCl2 + ___ Cl2
252. ___ NiO + ___ NH4Cl → ___ NiCl2 + ___ H2O + ___ NH3
253. ___ CrCl3 + ___ C5H8O2 + ___ NH3 → ___ Cr(C5H7O2 )3 + ___ NH4Cl
254. ___ XeF2 + ___ H2O → ___ Xe + ___ O2 + ___ HF
255. ___ HClO3 → ___ HClO4 + ___ H2O + ___ O2 +___ Cl2
256. ___ NaOH +___ ClO2 → ___ NaClO2 + ___ NaClO3 + ___ H2O
257. ___ NaClO3 + ___ H2SO4 + ___ SO2 → ___ ClO2 + ___ NaHSO4
258. ___ HClO3 + ___ H2C2O4 → ___ ClO2 +___ CO2 + ___ H2O
259. ___ HCl + ___ OF2 → ___ HF + ___ H2O + ___ Cl2
262. ___ NiO + ___ CIF3 → ___ NiF2 + ___ Cl2 + ___ O2
263. ___ P4O10 + ___ ClF3 → ___ POF3 + ___ Cl2 + ___ O2
264. ___ NaHSO3 + ___ Na2CO3 → ___ Na2SO3 + ___ H2O + ___ CO2
265. ___ S2Cl2 + ___ NH4Cl → ___ S4N4 +___ S8 + ___ HCl
266. ___ S2Cl2 + ___ NH3 → ___ S4N4 + ___ S8 + ___ NH4Cl
267. ___ S8 + ___ HNO3 → ___ SO2 + ___ NO2 + ___ H2O
268. ___ Ca5(PO4)3F + ___ H2O + ___ H3PO4 → ___ Ca(H2PO4 )2· H2O +___ HF
269. ___ Ca3(PO4)2 + ___ H2SO4 + ___ H2O → ___ Ca(H2PO4)2 + ___ CaSO4·2H2O
270. ___ ZnS + ___ HNO3 → ___ ZnSO4 + ___ H2O + ___ NO
272. ___ N2O + ___ C2H2 → ___ CO2 + ___ N2 + ___ H2O
273. ___ NaNH2 + ___ N2O → ___ NaN3 + ___ NaOH + ___ NH3
274. ___ (NH4)2SO4 + ___ NaOH → ___ Na2SO4 + ___ H2O + ___ NH3
275. ___ R3Al + ___ PbX2 → ___ R4Pb + ___ Pb + ___ AlX3
277. ___ PbCl2 + ___ (C2H5)2Zn → ___ (C2H5)4Pb + ___ ZnCl2 + ___ Pb
278. ___ RSnX3 + ___ LiAlH4 → ___ RSnH3 + ___ LiX + ___ AlX3
279. ___ Ca5 (PO4)3F + ___ H2SO4 → ___ H3PO4 + ___ CaSO4 + ___ HF
281. ___ (NH4)2SO4 + ___ NaOH → ___ Na2SO4 + ___ H2O + ___ NH3
Balance the following chemical equation (6 or more terms)
R and X represents Alkyl group and Halide group respectively.
282. ___ Ca3(PO4 )2 + ___ SiO2 + ___ 10C → ___ CaSiO3 + ___ CO + ___ P4
283. ___ As2O3 +___ Zn +___ H2SO4 →___ AsH3 + ___ ZnSO4 + ___ H2O
284. ___ NaNO2 + ___ H2SO4 → ___ NO + ___ H2O + ___ HNO3 + ___ Na2SO4
285. ___ NH4Cl + ___ CaO→ ___ NH3 + ___ CaCl2 +___ H2O
286. ___ Ca3(PO4)2 + ___ SiO2 + ___ C → ___ CaSiO3 + ___ CO + ___ P4
287. ___ CoCO3 + ___ H2 + ___ CO → ___ Co2(CO)8 + ___ H2O + ___ CO2
288. ___ XeF4 + ___ H2O → ___ XeO3 + ___ Xe +___ O2 + ___ HF
289. ___ XeF2 +___ OH- → ___ Xe + ___ O2 + ___ H2O + ___ F-
290. ___ ClO3 - + ___ HCl → ___ ClO2 + ___ Cl2 + ___ H2O + ___ Cl-
291. ___ H2SO4 + ___ I2 + ___ HIO3 → ___ I3+ +___ H3O+ + ___ HSO4-
292. ___ SO32- + ___ MnO2 + ___ H+ → ___ Mn2+ + ___ S2O62- + ___ H2O
295. ___ NH4Cl + ___ K2Cr2O7 → ___ Cr2O3 + ___ N2 + ___ H2O + ___ KCl
296. ___ FeTiO3 + ___ C + ___ Cl2 → ___ TiCl4 + ___ FeCl3 + ___ CO
297. ___ NH4Cl + ___ CaCO3 → ___ CaCl2 + ___ CO2 + ___ H2O + ___ NH3
298. ___ NH4Cl + ___ MgSO3 → ___ MgCl2 + ___ SO2 + ___ H2O + ___ NH3
305. ___ Ca3(PO4)2 + ___ SiO2 + ___ C → ___ P4 + ___ CO + ___ CaSiO3
306. ___ RMgX + ___ S8 → ___ RSH + ___ R2S + ___ MgS + ___ MgX2
308. ___ Au + ___ H+ + ___ NO3- + ___ Cl- →___ [AuCl4]- + ___ NO + ___ H2O
___ [Fe4S4(SR)4]2- + ___ RS-SR + ___ Na+ + ___ Cl- + ___ CH3OH
Balance the following redox reaction in acidic and basic
condition. [Hint: add OH-, H+ or H2O to balance oxygen and
hydrogen]
I. Balance redox reaction in acidic condition:
392. Mn2+ + Br- + PbO2 + H+ + NO3- → H+ + MnO4- + Pb2+ + BrO3- + NO3- + H2O
71
23) 6 SbCl3
16) 3 B2O3 6 Sb
6B 18 Cl
9O 24) 2 BaSO4
17) 4 PH3 2 Ba
4P 2S
12 H 8O
18) Mg2Si 25) 5 SbOCl3
2 Mg 5 Sb
1 Si 5O
19) Sb2O3 15 Cl
2 Sb 26) 3 Cu2S
3O 6 Cu
20) 4 NaC5H5 3S
4 Na 27) 4 S2O6F2
20 C 8S
20 H 24 O
21) Zn(C2H5)2 8F
1 Zn 28) 2CH3MgCl
4C 2C
10 H 6H
22) Al(C2H5)3 2 Mg
1 Al 2 Cl
6C 29) 4 NaBH4
15 H 4 Na
4B
16 H
30) 5 C6H5Cl
30 C
25 H 38) 2 AgNO3
5 Cl 2 Ag
31) 8 NaCl 2N
8 Na 6O
8 Cl 39) 4 H4SnO4
32) 2 Na3As 16 H
6 Na 4 Sn
2 As 16 O
33) 4 CH3CONH2 40) 5 Cr2O3
8C 10 Cr
4O 15 O
4N 41) 4 AlF3
20 H 4 Al
34) 2 Cu2O 12 F
4 Cu 42) 3 Na3P
2O 9 Na
35) 3 Fe2O3 3P
6 Fe 43) 2 N5SbF6
9O 10 N
36) 3 RbCl 2 Sb
3 Rb 12 F
3 Cl 44) 3 C3H4O4
37) 3 Co3O4 9C
9 Co 12 H
12 O 12 O
45) 3 NaAlO2 52) 2 FeTiO3
3 Na 2 Fe
3 Al 2Ti
6O 6O
46) 2 NH4Cl 53) 4 Zn(CH3)2
2N 4 Zn
8H 8C
2 Cl 24 H
47) 3 GeO2 54) K2Sn(OH)6
3 Ge 2K
6O 1 Sn
48) 2 Cs2SnF6 6O
4 Cs 6H
2 Sn 55) 2 (NH2)2CO
12 F 4N
49) 2 NaClO3 8H
2 Na 2C
2 Cl 2O
6O 56) 3 Pt(CO)2Cl2
50) 7 NaN3 3 Pt
7 Na 6C
21 N 6O
51) 5 CoCO3 6 Cl
5 Co 57) (HPO3)3
5C 3H
15 O 3P
9O
58) 2 B(CH3)3
2B 64) Ca3(PO4)2
6C 3 Ca
18 H 2P
59) 3 Co(CO)3NO 8O
3 Co 65) 5 Al(OH)3
9C 5 Al
12O 15 O
3N 15 H
60) 2 Zn(C2H5)2 66) 3 Hg(C2H5)2
2 Zn 3 Hg
8C 12 C
20 H 30 H
61) 4 Be(CH3)2 67) Sb(C6H5)3
4 Be 1 Sb
8C 18 C
24 H 15 H
62) (NH4 )2SO4 68) 2 Ca(OH)2
2N 2 Ca
8H 4O
1S 4H
4O 69) Ca(H2PO4)2
63) Na2Zn(OH)4 1 Ca
2 Na 4H
1 Zn 2P
4O 8O
4H
75) (NH4)3PO4
70) 3 Si(C6H5)4 3N
3 Si 12 H
72 C 1P
60 H 4O
71) 3 Ba(NO3)2 76) 3 Cu(NO3)2
3 Ba 3 Cu
6N 6N
8O 18 O
72) [Pd(CO)Cl2]2 77) 2 Al(C2H5)3
2 Pd 2 Al
2C 12 C
2O 30 H
4Cl 78) 2 Na2Zn(OH)4
73) 3 B(CH2CH2R)3 4 Na
(R= alkyl group) 2 Zn
3B 8O
18 C 8H
36 H 79) 3 SO2(NH2)2
9R 3S
74) Ca(H2PO4)2 6O
1 Ca 6N
4H 12 H
2P 80) Ca(NH2)2
8O 1 Ca
2N
4H
81) 5 K2Zn(OH)4 87) 2 Na[Al(OH)4]
10 K 2 Na
5 Zn 2 Al
20 O 8O
20 H 8H
82) 4 Ba(NO3)2 88) (RO)2HPO
4 Ba (R= alkyl group)
8N 2R
24 O 1H
83) Ca3(PO4)2 1P
3 Ca 3O
2P 89) Ca5(PO4)3F
8O 5 Ca
84) 4 Sn(SO4)2
3P
4 Sn
12 O
8S
1F
32 O
85) (CN)2 90) 4 Al(OH)3
2C 4 Al
2N 12 O
86) 3 Ba(NO3)2 3H
3 Ba 91) 3Zn(NH2)2
6N 3 Zn
18 O 6N
12 H
92) 2Ca(NO3)2 98) (C2H5)4Pb
2 Ca 8C
4N 20 H
12 O 1 Pb
93) 3 [Al(C2H5)3]2 99) (NH4)2SO4
6 Al 2N
36 C 8H
90 H 1S
94) 4 Co2(CO)8 4O
8 Co 100) 3 Cr(C5H7O2)3
32 C 3 Cr
32 O 45 C
95) CO(NH2)2 63 H
1C 18 O
1O
2N
4H
96) 2[Fe4S4(SR)4]2-
(R= alkyl group)
8 Fe
16 S
8R
97) 3 [Pt(C2H4 )Cl2]2
6 Pt
12 C
24 H
12 Cl
Answer key (3 Terms) 24. Ge + 2 HBr → GeBr2 + H2
1. N2 +3H2 → 2NH3 25. 2 SiX2 → Si + SiX4
2. 3 NaN3 → Na3N + 4 N2 26. Se8 + 8 O2 → 8 SeO2
3. K2Sn(OH)6 → K2SnO3 + 3 H2O 27. 3 Se8 + 16 Al → 8 Al2Se3
4. 3 Si + 2 N2 → Si3N4 28. Se8 + 24 F2 → 8 SeF6
5. SnO2 + 2 H2O → H4SnO4 29. Te + 2 Cl2 → TeCl4
6. 2 SOCl2 + O2 → 2 SO2Cl2 30. 4 P4 + 5 S8 → 4 P4S10
7. 3 Mg + N2 → Mg3N2 31. 24 F2 + S8 → 8 SF6
8. Ni + 4 CO → Ni(CO)4 32. 16 Ag + S8 → 8 Ag2S
9. Fe + 5 CO → Fe(CO)5 33. 2 NH3 +H2SO4→(NH4 )2SO4
10. 8 KCN + S8 → 8 KSCN 34. 3 NH3 + H3PO4 →(NH4)3PO4
11. Cl2O + N2O5 → 2 ClNO3 35. 2 NH3 + CO2 → (NH2)2CO + H2O
12. H2O + Cl2O → 2 HOCl 36. P4 + 5 O2 → P4O10
13. P4 + 6 I2 → 4 PI3 37. P4O10 + 6 H2O → 4 H3PO4
14. Cl2 + 5 F2 → 2 ClF5 38. 3 H3PO4 → (HPO3)3 + 3 H2O
15. 2 ClF3 + Br2 → 2 BrF3 + Cl2 39. 3 P2O5 + 3 H2O → 2 (HPO3)3
16. 10 ClF3 + 3 I2 → 6 IF5 + 5 Cl2 40. 10 H2O + 3 P4O10 → 4H5P3O10
17. H2S2O7 + H2O → 2 H2SO4 41. 4 H3PO4 + P2O5 →
18. SF6 + 2 SO3 → 3 SO2F2 3 H4P2O7
19. SeO2 + SeCl4 → 2 SeOCl2 42. 3 H2O + P2O5 → 2 H3PO4
20. S8 + 4 Cl2 → 4 S2Cl2 43. H2O + P2O5 → 2 HPO3
21. 8 KCN + Se8 → 8 KSeCN 44. PtCl2 + 2 CO → Pt(CO)2Cl2
22. 3 SiCl4 + Si → 2 Si2Cl6 45. 2 PdCl2 + 2 CO → [Pd(CO)Cl2]2
23. Ge + 2 Br2⎯→ GeB4
46. B2H6 + 6 RCH=CH2 → 54. 4 P4 + 5 S8 → 4 P4S10
56. 6 Ca + P4 → 2 Ca3P2
47. 5 H2O + P2O5 → 2 P(OH)5
57. 4 Li + O2 → 2 Li2O
48. 3 SiCl4 + Si → 2 Si2Cl6
58. 2 Na + O2 → Na2O2
49. P4O6 + 6 H2O → 4 H3PO3
59. 2 HNO2 → H2O + N2O3
50. 2 PCl3 + O2 → 2 OPCl3
60. 2 NO + O2 → 2 NO2
51. 6 PCl5 + P4O10 → 10 OPCl3
61. 3Zn(NH2)2 → Zn3N2 + 4 NH3
52. P4 + 6 Cl2 → 4 PCl3
62. 6Li + N2 → 2Li3N
53. P4O10 + 6 H2O → 4 H3PO4