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survivors of its ancient guards who were not (as were most) willing to merge with the Dunlendish folk. Déor sent word at once to the
Contents Steward in Minas Tirith (at that time, in the year 2710, Egalmoth), but he was unable to send help, and the Dunlendings remained in
occupation of Isengard". (FI) According to other sources, the reason for Egalmoth's denial was "renewed war with the Orcs." (HE)

Introduction In 2758 TA the halfly Dunlendish Wulf, Freca's son, in the west-march held in high esteem, successfully negotiated an alliance with
First Age the Corsairs of Umbar who, stirred by Sauron, were raiding the coasts around the Bay of Belfalas and beyond. He thus turned away the
Second Age peril of plunder from his own properties at the river Adorn and talked the Dunlendings from outside of Rohan into a fatal alliance with
Third Age
Men of Shadow. Now for once they "were joined by enemies of Gondor that had landed in the mouths of Lefnui and Isen" (KR) and
while "Rohan was again invaded from the East ... the Dunlendings seeing their chance came over the Isen and down from Isengard. It
was soon known that Wulf was their leader. ... Wulf took Edoras and sat in Meduseld and called himself king." (KR) Rohan called
[Back] again to Gondor for help. And once again, this time due to the raids of as much as three Corsair fleets at its own coasts, she could not
send any. The Dunlendings stayed in control of Edoras and Isengard until "reduced by the great famine after the Long Winter (2758-9)
they were starved out and capitulated to Fréalaf." (FI) Only to this tragic circumstance it was thus due that "before the year [2759] was
ended the Dunlendings were driven out, even from Isengard" (KR) which was now passed on into Saruman's governship so that
nothing like that would ever repeat. And due to the revival of the old animosities by Wulf "for many years the Rohirrim had to keep a
strong force of Riders in the north of Westfold." (FI)

Of course, this guard was lessened with time and the border opened again. Then once more, many Dunlendings were eventually found
in the west-march. And this time, their stay was tolerated while Edoras kept busy with Orc-bands that, themselves escaping from the
grip of the Long Winter, tried to invade the White Mountains. But almost as soon as these had been eliminated, this time with
Gondor's help, another pogrome against the Dunlendings was launched by Folcwine (2830-2903) and "he reconquered the west-march
... that Dunlendings had occupied." (KR) But the Rohirrim never realised that military decisions cannot change social realities:
"beyond the Gap the land between Isen and Adorn was nominally part of the realm of Rohan; but though Folcwine had reclaimed it,
driving out the Dunlendings that had occupied it, the people that remained were largely of mixed blood, and their loyalty to Edoras
was weak." (FI)

Thus Saruman found the ground well-prepared when he started to seek for recruits and for victims of his Man/Orc cross-breeding
programme. The Dunlendings were readily ensnared by his cunning diplomacy and thus at last found themselves side by side with
those they feared the most: the wizard's orcish troops. The awakening from the spell was terrible. To this dreadful experience and to
King Elessar's successful diplomacy may be attributed that in the Fourth Age the neighbours this side and that of the river Isen, closely
related by many generations of mutual marriage and procreation, were at least in parts reconciled. "In Éomer's day in the Mark men
had peace who wished for it". (KR) The books politely keep silent about what happened to the others.

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