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Abstract
This research offers the reader an overview of the use and application of linear programming models through the
development of mathematical algorithms, which integrate some of the main ergonomic evaluation models, in order
to offer the industry improvement options for both productivity , as well as a better comfort in the worker as a
preventive measure for risks, injuries and ergonomic diseases, caused by excess of movements, inadequate postures,
repetitions in movements, over loads, environmental temperatures or thermal stress, and cognitive stress due to
mental load.
Keywords: Linear Programming, Operations Research, Hungarian Method, Productivity, Ergonomic Evaluation and
Level Comfort
1. Introduction
Linear programming is one of the main tools for administrators and engineers. Linear programming models have
diverse applications both in industry and in everyday life. The object of study of this research focuses on some problems
that the industry has mainly in relation to the performance of workers both in productivity and ergonomics.
2. Method Description
Linear Programming (PL) is a procedure based on mathematical models to determine various analyzes, among them,
the optimal allocation of resources and transportation. PL is a procedure that has practical application in almost every
facet of the industry, from small businesses to production planning. Transforming the environment of the product,
process or services. The most useful mathematical models of LP are the solution to network and transport problems.
Global production planning and distribution problems are common resources of linear scheduling analysis. Linear
programming problems consist of: (objective function, variables, and a set of constraints, which when modeling using
mathematical algorithms offer a solution).
3. Problem Statement
First, the components to which the worker was exposed at the workplace were captured.
Second, the ergonomic components were analyzed in each worker with each machine.
Third, the ergonomic evaluation models applicable to the workplace and the worker were selected.
Fourth, all possible combinations were made between all the workers and all the machines.
Fifth, measurements were taken through the ergonomic evaluation methods, which in this case were used: (OCRA
method, RULA method, NIOSH method, FANGER method, Maslach Burnout Inventary method) of each of the activities
of each worker in combination with each one of the machines. Table 1 and Table 2 describes the main characteristics of
the ergonomic evaluation models applied in this research.
Sixth, all the readings of the data taken were analyzed for the development of a mathematical model and the use of
linear programming, which in this case was: (Network method, Allocation method, Hungarian method).
Seventh, the mathematical model was developed identifying the assignment variables (number of worker, number of
machine, and ergonomic evaluation model)
In tables 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d and 1e, the level of work comfort for each worker can be seen, all tables 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e being
the combinations of worker one with all machines, for determine the level of stress for each possible combination, and
resulting in a level of work comfort by each table analysis.
Eighth, the results of the level of work comfort by performing all the combinations made and that can be seen in each
worker as: table1-worker1, table2-worker2, table3-worker3, table4-worker4 and table5-worker5. They are used to
incorporate them into the linear programming algorithm.
Ninth, with all the results of the level of working comfort of all the tables, a table is developed to solve the problem,
using the Hungarian method (see table 6a and 6b)
Tenth, finally, the process model diagram is presented, to solve the problem presented in the industry, using linear
programming algorithms, with this it can be seen that industry managers can have tools to offer solutions to problems
productivity and ergonomics. See figure 1.
M.I.I. Jorge Aguirre Gutiérrez. He is a full-time professor at the National Technological Institute of
Mexico, TECNM, at the Technological Institute of Tlalnepantla, ITTLA, he is a professor Industrial
Engineer from CeNETI, and Master in Industrial Engineering, has been head of the Industrial
Engineering Department of Tlalnepantla Technology, I collaborate as Superintendent Administrative.