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In hierarchical load handover, the handover strip increases by one Load HO Step Level
for every Load HO Step Period, starting from the Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold. The
handovers are performed as such until all the calls whose receive levels are within the
range of (Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold, Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold + Load HO
Bandwidth) are handed off the current serving cell.
The value of Load HO Step Level must be smaller than that of the Load HO Bandwidth.
The value of this parameter ranges from 0 to 63 (corresponding to -110 dBm to -47
dBm).
The setting of this parameter affects the width of the handover strip during load
handover.
Edge HO UL RX_LEV Threshold
If the UL receive level remains lower than the Edge HO UL RX_LEV Threshold for a
period, the edge handover is triggered. If the PBGT handover is enabled, the relevant
edge handover threshold can be decreased. If the PBGT handover is not enabled and
the edge handover threshold is not properly set, cross coverage, co-channel
interference, and adjacent channel interference are likely to occur. The Edge HO UL
RX_LEV Threshold should be adjusted based on the handover performance statistics
and the actual network performance to achieve the UL/DL balance.
The value of this parameter ranges from 0 to 63 (corresponding to -110 dBm to -47
dBm).
This parameter should be adjusted as required. If the Edge HO UL RX_LEV Threshold
is set to a too small value, call drop may easily occur. If the PBGT handover is enabled,
the relevant edge handover threshold can be decreased.
The typical configurations of this parameter are as follows:
25: urban areas with PBGT handover disabled
20: suburbs with a single BTS
20: urban areas with PBGT handover enabled
MS Fast-moving Watch Cells
The more the micro cells are configured, the more difficult the fast-moving micro-to-
macro cell handover can be triggered.
If this parameter is set to a too great value, the system traffic volume cannot be reduced
effectively; if this parameter is set to a too small value, the judgment on whether the MS
fast passes a cell may be incorrect.
MS Fast-moving Time Threshold
The time threshold is calculated based on the cell radius (r) and the velocity (v). The
threshold equals 2r/v. If the time taken by an MS to pass a cell is smaller than this
threshold, the MS is regarded as moving fast. Otherwise, the MS is regarded as moving
slow.
When the cell radius is fixed, the smaller the value of this parameter is (the required
velocity is higher), the more the difficult fast-moving micro-to-macro cell handover can
be triggered.
MAX Consecutive HO Times
This parameter determines the maximum number of consecutive intra-cell handovers
allowed.
If the interval of two continuous intra-cell handovers is shorter than a specified
threshold, the two handovers are regarded as consecutive handovers. If multiple
consecutive intra-cell handovers occur, the intra-cell handover is forbidden for a period.
f this parameter is set to a too small value, the intra-cell handover may not be timely; if
this parameter is set to a too great value, the system resources may be wasted when
intra-cell handovers occur frequently.
Forbidden time after MAX Times
When the number of consecutive intra-cell handovers reaches the maximum allowed, a
timer is started to forbid the intra-cell handover.
Intra-cell handovers are allowed only when the timer expires.
【1,200】20
This parameter to used to disable the intra-cell handover for a certain period.
Interval for Consecutive HO Jud.
The two intra-cell handovers that occur during the period specified by this parameter are
regarded as consecutive handovers.
【1,200】6
Cell Type
This parameter specifies whether a cell is a normal cell or a concentric cell.
TRXs in a concentric cell differ in coverage; thus, two subcells with different radiuses
form a concentric cell.
Due to the difference in coverage, the OL subcell and the UL subcell can be regarded
as two cells logically. The OL subcell carries most of the traffic because more channels
are available, and thus serves most users in the coverage of the cell. The UL subcell is
used to maximize the coverage and provide services for the area beyond the coverage
of the OL subcell. The UL subcell covers the OL subcell and can share some traffic.
As specified in Motorola concentric cell technology, a concentric cell is divided into an
OL subcell and a UL subcell. The TRXs of the OL subcell and of the UL subcell can use
different frequency reuse modes.
The concentric cell technology can be combined with the frequency planning
technology. Thus, the network capacity can be increased and the network quality can
be improved.
Inter-layer HO Threshold
This parameter is one bit of the 16 bits that are used by the BSC to sort the candidate
cells for handovers.
If the DL receive level of a cell is lower than the Inter-layer HO Threshold, the cell is
listed in the candidate cells based on the receive level. The cell takes a low priority for
handovers.
The value of this parameter ranges from 0 to 63 (corresponding to -110 dBm to -47
dBm).
Inter-layer HO Hysteresis
This parameter specifies the hysteresis of an inter-layer or inter-priority handover. This
parameter is used to avoid inter-layer ping-pong handovers.
Actual Inter-layer HO Threshold of a serving cell = configured Inter-layer HO Threshold -
Inter-layer HO Hysteresis
Actual Inter-layer HO Threshold of an adjacent cell = configured Inter-layer HO
Threshold + Inter-layer HO Hysteresis of an adjacent cell - 64.
The value of this parameter ranges from 0 to 63 (corresponding to -110 dBm to -47
dBm).
[0,63]3dB
Penalty on MS Fast Moving HO
If an MS is moving fast, the BSC performs penalty on the adjacent cells of the cell
where the MS is located. This parameter specifies the penalty value. Only when the MS
is located at the Umbrella layer and the adjacent cells are located at the Macro, Micro,
or Pico layer, penalty is performed.
This parameter is valid within only the Penalty Time on Fast Moving HO.
The level values 0 through 63 map to -110 dBm to -47 dBm.
Min DL Power on HO Candidate Cell
The M criterion supports the minimum value constraint of downlink receive level of an
adjacent cell.
Filtered downlink level of the adjacent cell >= (Minimum downlink power of the
candidate cell for handover + Minimum access level offset)
The M criterion is met if the Filtered uplink level of the adjacent cell >= (Minimum uplink
power of the candidate cell for handover + Minimum access level offset); otherwise, the
M criterion is not met.
The value of this parameter ranges from 0 to 63 (corresponding to -110 dBm to -47
dBm).
1. This parameter must be properly set because it limits the number of candidate cells.
If this parameter is set to a too great value, some desired cells may be excluded from
the candidate cells. If this parameter is set to a too small value, an unwanted cell may
become the candidate cell. This leads to handover failures or call drops.
2. A cell can become a candidate cell only when the receive level minus this parameter
is greater than the minimum access level offset.
UL Expected Level at HO Access
This parameter specifies the expected uplink receive level on a new channel after an
MS is handed over to a new cell. This parameter is used for the MS Power Prediction
after HO. This parameter should be consistent with the UL RX_LEV Upper Threshold in
II power control algorithm, thus ensuring a relatively high uplink receive level on the new
channel after handover, increasing the transmit power of the MS, and avoiding call
drops caused by too low a uplink receive level.
The value of this parameter ranges from 0 to 63 (corresponding to -110 dBm to -47
dBm).
If this parameter is set to a too small value, call drop may easily occur.
K Bias
This parameter specifies the K offset used in K ranking.
To reduce the ping-pong effect in an handover, you are advised to subtract K Bias from
the actual downlink receive level of the candidate cells before ranking their downlink
receive level based on the K principle.
Subtract K Bias from the actual downlink receive level of the candidate cells before
ranking their downlink receive level based on the K principle. This parameter affects the
ranking of candidate cells. Generally, it is set to 0.
Intracell F-H HO Allowed
This parameter specifies whether the AMR handover is enabled. This parameter does
not affect the dynamic non-AMR full-rate to half-rate handover.
The AMR handover can be triggered only when the Intracell F-H HO Allowed parameter
is set to Yes.
Intracell F-H HO Stat Time(s)
This parameter determines the period during which the triggering conditions of the intra-
cell full-rate to half-rate handover are met.
The intra-cell full-rate to half-rate handover must conform to the P/N criterion. That is,
the triggering conditions of the intra-cell full-rate to half-rate handover are met for N
consecutive seconds with P measurement seconds.
This parameter corresponds to P of the P/N criterion. The triggering conditions of the
intra-cell full-rate to half-rate handover are the F2H HO Threshold or the H2F HO
Threshold. This parameter is used with the two parameters.
The greater the value of this parameter is set, the more difficult the AMR handover can
be triggered.
Penalty Time after AMR TCHF-H HO Fail(s)
This parameter specifies the penalty time for AMR full rate to half rate (FR-to-HR)
handovers. Before the timer expires, no AMR FR-to-HR handover is allowed if the
previous FR-to-HR handover fails due to channel unavailability or channel mismatch.
The greater the value of this parameter is, the longer the penalty time after AMR TCHF-
H HO Fail is. In other words, triggering AMR handover becomes more difficult.
Min Power Level For Direct Try
This parameter is used to select the candidate cells during directed retry. If the receive
level of an adjacent cell is greater than the value of this parameter, the adjacent cell can
be selected as a candidate cell for directed retry.
If the receive level of an adjacent cell is greater than or equal to the value of this
parameter, this adjacent cell can be selected as a candidate cell for directed retry.
RX_QUAL Threshold for TIGHT BCCH HO
This parameter specifies the signal quality threshold of the TIGHT BCCH handover. To
trigger an intra-cell TIGHT BCCH handover from a TCH to a BCCH, the downlink
receive quality should be lower than the RX_QUAL Threshold for TIGHT BCCH HO.
[0,7]3
Load Threshold for TIGHT BCCH HO
This parameter specifies the load threshold of the TIGHT BCCH handover. To trigger an
intra-cell TIGHT BCCH handover, the load of the non-BCCH frequencies should be
higher than the Load Threshold for TIGHT BCCH HO.
TIGHT BCCH HO Watch Time(s)
This parameter corresponds to P of the P/N criterion for the TIGHT BCCH handover.
According to the P/N criterion, if the load of a non-BCCH frequency is higher than the
Load Threshold for TIGHT BCCH HO, the MS with conversation quality higher than the
RX_QUAL Threshold for TIGHT BCCH HO and far from the cell edge is handed over to
the TCH on the BCCH frequency. Thus, the TCHs on non-BCCH frequencies are
reserved for other calls. This ensures the call performance of other calls.
RXQUAL1
If the receive level of the serving cell is smaller than or equal to 30, and if the uplink or
downlink receive quality of the non-AMR FR voice service is greater than or equal to the
value of this parameter, uplink interference or downlink interference exists.
The value of this parameter corresponds to multiplying quality level 0 to 7 by 10.
This parameter is used in handover decision. An uplink interference handover is easily
triggered if this parameter is set to a too small value.
RXLEVOff
This parameter specifies the quality level offset of the interface handover of the AMR
FR service relative to non-AMR services or the AMR HR service (x 10). When
determining whether an interference handover should be triggered, the system
compares the receive quality of the MS minus the RXLEVOff with the handover
threshold.
For the AMR calls, this parameter, together with RXQUALn, is used in interference
handover decision. An uplink interference handover is easily triggered if this parameter
is set to a small value.
When n = 1, that is, when the receive level of the serving cell is smaller than or equal to
30, this parameter is invalid.
For the AMR calls, this parameter, together with RXQUALn, is used in interference
handover decision. An uplink interference handover is easily triggered if this parameter
is set to a small value.
DtxMeasUsed
This parameter is used as a switch to control the value determination method of
measurement reports. When this parameter is set to Open, if DTX is used, the SUB
values in the MR should be selected. Otherwise, the PULL values in the MR should be
selected.
When this parameter is set to 0 and if the measurement report indicates that DTX is not
used, the FULLSET values should be selected. When this parameter is set to 0 and if
the measurement report indicates that DTX is used, the SUBSET values should be
selected. In latter cases, the SUBSET values should be used irrespective of how DTX is
indicated in the subsequent measurement reports.
When this parameter is set to 1, whether the FULLSET values or the SUBSET values
should be selected depends on the DTX indication bit in the measurement report. That
is, if the measurement report indicates that DTX is used, the SUBSET values should be
selected; otherwise, the FULLSET values should be selected.
Min UP Power on HO Candidate Cell
The M criterion supports the minimum value constraint of uplink receive level of the
adjacent cell.
Expected uplink level of the adjacent cell >= (Min UP Power on HO Candidate Cell +
Min Access Level Offset)
The M criterion is met if the Filtered downlink level of the adjacent cell >= (Min DL
Power on HO Candidate Cell + Min Access Level Offset); otherwise, the M criterion is
not met.
The value of this parameter ranges from 0 to 63 (corresponding to -110 dBm to -47
dBm).
1. This parameter must be properly set because it limits the number of candidate cells.
If this parameter is set to a too great value, some desired cells may be excluded from
the candidate cells. If this parameter is set to a too small value, an unwanted cell may
become the target cell. This leads to handover failures or call drops.
2. A cell can become a candidate cell only when the uplink receive level minus this
parameter is greater than the minimum access level offset.
Quick Handover Up Trigger Level(dB)
During a measurement period, if the filtered uplink level of the serving cell is smaller
than the value of this parameter, a fast handover is triggered.
The level values 0 through 63 map to -110 dBm to -47 dBm.
Quick Move Speed Threshold(m/s)
During a measurement period, if the MS moves at a speed greater than the value of this
parameter, a fast handover is triggered.
Quick Handover Static Time(0.5s)
The fast handover must comply with the P/N criterion. That is, the triggering conditions
of fast handover must be met for N consecutive seconds within P seconds.
This parameter corresponds to P of the P/N criterion. That is, if the triggering conditions
of fast handover is met for a period longer than or equal to the value of this parameter, a
fast handover is triggered.
The greater the value of this parameter is set, the more difficult the fast-moving
handover can be triggered.
Serving Cell Filter Length MR Number
This parameter specifies the number of measurement reports used for filtering after the
BSC receives the measurement reports of the serving cell from the BTS. This helps to
avoid improper handover decision based on a single inaccurate measurement report.
If this parameter is set to a too great value, the filtered value is more accurate, but the
time delay is longer. If this parameter is set to a too small value, the filtered value is
inaccurate.
[1,20]4
Ignore Measurement Report Number
This parameter specifies the allowed number of invalid measurement reports when the
BSC uses the measurement reports for filtering. If the number of received measurement
reports is smaller than or equal to the value of this parameter, no filtering is performed
and no fast handover decision is made.
This parameter can only be applied to the fast-moving handover.