CONTENTS

Page No.

Acknowledgement i - iii

List of Tables iv - v

List of Figures vi

Abbreviations vii - viii

INTRODUCTION 1-4

CHAPTER 1 SOCIETY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE: A REVIEW 5 - 22

OF CONCEPT AND THEORIES
1.1 Justice: Meaning 5
1.2 Social Justice: Origin and Definitions 9
1.3 Social Justice: Principles 11
1.3.1 Principle of Right 12
1.3.2 Principle of Desert 15
1.3.3 Principle of Need 18
1.4 Conclusion 21

CHAPTER 2 SOCIAL JUSTICE AND THE POLICY OF 23-56

PROTECTIVE DISCRIMINATION IN INDIA
2.1 The Concept of Social Justice in India 23
2.2 Inequalities of Indian Society 28
2.3 Policy of Protective Discrimination 30
2.3.1 Scheduled Castes 31
2.3.2 Scheduled Tribes 35
2.3.3 Other Backward Classes (OBCs) 39
2.4 Impact of Protective Discrimination Policy 43
2.5 Issues of Debate 50
2.5.1 Identification of caste under the three categories SCs, 50
STs and mainly OBCs
2.5.2 Inclusion and exclusion of caste 52
2.6 Implementation of the policy 54
2.7 Conclusion 55
CHAPTER 3 THE UNIVERSE AND THE DESIGN OF THE 57-83
STUDY
3.1 Jammu and Kashmir: A Brief Profile 57
3.1.1 Geography of the state 57
3.1.2 Government and Administration 58
3.1.3 Administration 59
3.1.4 Population 60
3.1.5 Economy 61
3.1.6 Education 62
3.2 District Anantnag: A Brief Profile 62
3.2.1 Geography 63
3.2.2 Administration 65
3.2.3 Population 67
3.2.4 Education 70
3.2.5 Economy 71
3.3 Research Design 73
3.4 Objectives of the study 73
3.6 Brief Profile of the tehsils of district Anantnag 75
3.7 Sampling 79
3.9 Research Instrument 82
3.10 Data Processing and Analysis 83
3.11 Limitations 83

CHAPTER 4 SOCIAL JUSTICE, POLICY OF PROTECTIVE 85-122

DISCRIMINATION AND THE
IDENTIFICATION OF RESIDENTS OF
BACKWARD AREAS IN JAMMU AND
KASHMIR
4.1 Social Justice and the Constitution of Jammu and 85
Kashmir
4.2 Policy of Protective Discrimination in Jammu and 87
Kashmir
4.2.1 Scheduled Castes (SCs) 88
4.2.2 Scheduled Tribes (STs) 91
4.2.3 Socially and Educationally Backward Sections (SEBs) 94
 4.3 Identification of resident of backward areas 97
4.4 Reservation Facility to RBA 98
4.5 Issues in the identification of Backward Areas 100
4.5.1 Structural shortcomings 100
4.5.2 Media Reports 101
4.5.3 Objective assessment 104
4.6 Conclusion 121

CHAPTER 5 RESIDENTS OF BACKWARD AREAS SCHEME 123-155

AND THE WELFARE OF PEOPLE
5.1 Household Classification 123
5.2 Population 126
5.3 Basic Amenities 127
5.4 Educational Status 129
5.5 Health Status 123
5.6 Economic Status 135
5.7 Land Holding Patterns 137
5.8 Ownership of Productive and Other Assets 139
5.9 Income, Expenditure and Indebtedness 142
5.10 Public Distribution system 144
5.11 Developmental Deficit through the Socio-Economic
and Educational Status of RBA’s
5.12 Welfare through Reservation 148
5.13 Conclusion 154

CONCLUSION 156-163

REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY 164-175

APPENDICES 176-196